User guide

Glossary of Terms
Glossary of Terms 405
PPTP
The Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
(PPTP) allows extending a local
network by establishing private
“tunnels” over the Internet. This
protocol it is also used by some DSL
providers as an alternative for PPPoE.
R
RJ-45
The RJ-45 is a connector for digital
transmission over ordinary phone wire.
Router
A router is a device that determines the
next network point to which a packet
should be forwarded toward its
destination. The router is connected to
at least two networks.
S
Server
A server is a program (or host) that
awaits and requests from client
programs across the network. For
example, a Web server is the computer
program, running on a specific host, that
serves requested HTML pages or files.
Your browser is the client program, in
this case.
Stateful Inspection
Stateful Inspection was invented by
Check Point to provide the highest level
of security by examining every layer
within a packet, unlike other systems of
inspection. Stateful Inspection extracts
information required for security
decisions from all application layers and
retains this information in dynamic state
tables for evaluating subsequent
connection attempts. In other words, it
learns!
Subnet Mask
A 32-bit identifier indicating how the
network is split into subnets. The subnet
mask indicates which part of the IP
address is the host ID and which
indicates the subnet.
T
TCP
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is
a set of rules (protocol) used along with
the Internet Protocol (IP) to send data in
the form of message units between
computers over the Internet. While IP
takes care of handling the actual
delivery of the data, TCP takes care of
keeping track of the individual units of
data (called packets) that a message is
divided into for efficient routing
through the Internet.
For example, when an HTML file is
sent to you from a Web server, the
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
program layer in that server divides the
file into one or more packets, numbers
the packets, and then forwards them
individually to the IP program layer.
Although each packet has the same
destination IP address, it may get routed
differently through the network.