RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Radar Developer’s Kit – Lite (RaDeKL) Hardware Level Interface Control Document (ICD) Revision Number: 2.00 Revision Date: August 2007 Prepared by: Multispectral Solutions, Inc. 20300 Century Boulevard Germantown, MD 20874 © 2006 Multispectral Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved. Multispectral Solutions 20300 Century Blvd.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 REVISION HISTORY Issue No. Issue Date Originator Details of Change 1.00 August 10, 2006 David Wu Initial draft 2.00 August 1, 2007 Lester Foster Update for FCC Testing 2.10 October 5, 2007 Update for FCC Certification Lester Foter © 2006 Multispectral Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved. Multispectral Solutions 20300 Century Blvd.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 NOTE: The RaDeKL radar unit has been tested to comply with FCC Part 15, Subpart C for Wideband Transmitter (WBT) devices. Changes or modifications to the radiating elements of RaDeKL not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. NOTE: The RaDeKL radar unit has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................7 1.1 WBT DESCRIPTION......................................................................7 1.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ...............................................................8 1.3 SYSTEM OPERATION.................................................................10 2 HARDWARE CONNECTIONS............................................................
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1: MEASURED TIME AND FREQUENCY RESPONSES FROM MSSI CBAND TRANSMITTER ......................................................................................... 7 FIGURE 2: WBT RADAR SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM FIGURE 3: SURFACE-TO-SURFACE RADAR OPS WITH MULTIPATH 8 10 FIGURE 4: THE AFFECT OF MULTIPATH ON RADAR PERFORMANCE FOR A RADAR MOUNTED AT A TWO METER HEIGHT AND A TARGET AT ONE METER HEIGHT 11 MULTISPECTRAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1: WBT RADAR PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (30 MWATT VERSION) 9 TABLE 2 REGISTER MEMORY MAP .................................................................15 MULTISPECTRAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 1 ISSUE 2.10 INTRODUCTION This Interface Control Document (ICD) provides information on the design and operation of Multispectral Solutions Inc.’s (MSSI’s) Wideband Transmitter (WBT) pulse Radar Developer’s Kit – Lite (RaDeKL) radar. The WBT pulse radar provides a very low radiated average power waveform in C-Band by using a low duty cycle, short pulse waveform. The radar was initially designed to detect the intrusion of small targets within a secure perimeter.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 peak power tag has an average transmit power level of only 0.2 nanowatts making it equivalent to about one ten millionth (1/10,000,000) of a typical cell phone. Of particular importance is the fact that MSSI’s WBT signal generation can be achieved through the use of readily available low-cost components.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 transmissions and the high speed return signal processing. The second component is the WBT radio front end circuit card with transmitter which provides short pulse transmissions spanning the frequency range from 6.0 to 6.5 GHz and the receiver radio frequency front end which conditions the signal for return processing.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 levels are chosen based upon their exceeding threshold 13 out of 16 times. By resampling the radar field of view using different threshold settings, it is possible to improve return signal amplitude resolution to improve the understanding of the reflective radar environment. Since the radar was developed to support radar signal processing, the antenna beam pattern is shown in the following figures for different frequencies and elevation and azimuth planar cuts.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Multipath Gain 2 m ant. (dB) performance signal strength due to multipath propagation for radar with a two meter height with a target centered at one meter. 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 0 10 1 10 2 10 Range (m) 3 10 Figure 4: The Affect of Multipath on Radar Performance for a Radar Mounted at a Two Meter Height and a Target at One Meter Height MULTISPECTRAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 2 ISSUE 2.10 HARDWARE CONNECTIONS Each radar unit has the following external connections: • ON/OFF Switch • Power LED indicator • USB Connector (Note unit does not power over USB) • Power Jack (2.5mm) – Unit requires external power with voltage between 7.2 and 35 volts. MULTISPECTRAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 3 ISSUE 2.10 USB INTERFACE RaDeKL uses the FT2232 dual channel USB chip from FTDI. Please reference the D2XX Programmer's Guide when writing your own software to control the RaDeKL radar. Please note that when scanning the USB bus using the FTDI drivers, each radar device will show up as two devices because of the dual channel nature of this chip. Channel A is reserved for future use and therefore should not be used to communicate to the radar device.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 follow-up read to confirm. However, when commanded to do radar detection via register (address) 0x1, the radar will return the above response. Here, the first three return bytes are delimiter character, follow by 256 range bin bytes, and finally the termination character. For continuous detections, the same return-byte pattern is sent.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 4 ISSUE 2.10 MEMORY MAP The registers are located within the address space as described in the table below.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 0x1B 0x1C 0x1D 0x1E 0x1F 0x20 0x21 0x22 0x23 0x24 0x25 0x26 0x27 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD20 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD21 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD22 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD23 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD24 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD25 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD26 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD27 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD28 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD29 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD30 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD31 SENSITIVITY THRESHOLD32 FPGA Registers Notes 1. Writing values into unused register bits has no effect.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Register 0x00: FIRMWARE VERSION ID Bit Type Function Default Bit 7 R FPGA_VERS[7] X Bit 6 R FPGA _VERS[6] X Bit 5 R FPGA _VERS[5] X Bit 4 R FPGA _VERS[4] X Bit 3 R FPGA _VERS[3] X Bit 2 R FPGA _VERS[2] X Bit 1 R FPGA _VERS[1] X Bit 0 R FPGA _VERS[0] X FPGA_VERS[7:0] This register indicates the version ID of the FPGA load. It is incremented from 0 to indicate FPGA revisions. MULTISPECTRAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Register 0x01: DETECTION Bit Function Default Bit 7 RESERVED 0 Bit 6 RESERVED 0 Bit 5 RESERVED 0 Bit 4 RESERVED 0 Bit 3 RESERVED 0 PERFORM_CONT 0 RESERVED 0 PERFORM_DETECT 0 Bit 2 Type R/W Bit 1 Bit 0 R/W PERFORM_DETECT Set this bit high to perform a single detection. This bit resets itself when operation is complete.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Register 0x02: INTERVAL_DURATION Bit Type Function Default Bit 7 RESERVED 0 Bit 6 RESERVED 0 Bit 5 RESERVED 0 Bit 4 RESERVED 0 Bit 3 RESERVED 0 Bit 2 R/W INTVL_DUR[2] 1 Bit 1 R/W INTVL_DUR[1] 0 Bit 0 R/W INTVL_DUR[0] 0 INTVL_DUR[2:0] This register sets the time duration interval between successive RADAR detections. This value is used during Continuous Radar Detections.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Register 0x03: RF_CONTROL Bit Type Function Default Bit 7 R/W RX_ENABLE 0 Bit 6 RESERVED 0 Bit 5 RESERVED 0 Bit 4 RESERVED 0 Bit 3 RESERVED 0 Bit 2 RESERVED 0 Bit 1 RESERVED 0 CNTRL_REG_RESET 0 Bit 0 R/W CNTRL_REG_RESET This bit resets the digital control registers when set high. All registers will reset to their default values. Any active radar operation will terminate as well.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Register 0x04: Transmitter Gain Bit Type Function Default Bit 7 RESERVED 0 Bit 6 RESERVED 0 Bit 5 R/W TX_GAIN[5] 1 Bit 4 R/W TX_GAIN[4] 1 Bit 3 R/W TX_GAIN[3] 0 Bit 2 R/W TX_GAIN[2] 1 Bit 1 R/W TX_GAIN[1] 0 Bit 0 R/W TX_GAIN[0] 1 TX_GAIN[5:0] The TX GAIN register controls the power output level of the RF transmitter. Max power is achieved when this register is set at 0x3F. Each numeric value below this level corresponds to an 0.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Register 0x05: Receiver Attenuation Bit Type Function Default Bit 7 R/W RX_ATTN[7] 0 Bit 6 R/W RX_ATTN[6] 0 Bit 5 R/W RX_ATTN[5] 0 Bit 4 R/W RX_ATTN[4] 0 Bit 3 R/W RX_ATTN[3] 0 Bit 2 R/W RX_ATTN[2] 0 Bit 1 R/W RX_ATTN[1] 0 Bit 0 R/W RX_ATTN[0] 0 RX_ATTN[7:0] The RX ATTENUATION register sets the receiver attenuation level.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Register 0x06: RANGE Bit Type Function Default Bit 7 R/W RANGE[7] 0 Bit 6 R/W RANGE[6] 0 Bit 5 R/W RANGE[5] 0 Bit 4 R/W RANGE[4] 0 Bit 3 R/W RANGE[3] 0 Bit 2 R/W RANGE[2] 0 Bit 1 R/W RANGE[1] 0 Bit 0 R/W RANGE[0] 0 RANGE[7:0] This register sets the beginning range in 512 feet intervals where the unit will start to sample the return energy. A value of 0x00 means that the unit will look at objects from 1 – 256 feet.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Register 0x07: DELAY Bit Type Function Default Bit 7 R/W DELAY[7] 0 Bit 6 R/W DELAY[6] 0 Bit 5 R/W DELAY[5] 0 Bit 4 R/W DELAY[4] 0 Bit 3 R/W DELAY[3] 0 Bit 2 R/W DELAY[2] 0 Bit 1 R/W DELAY[1] 0 Bit 0 R/W DELAY[0] 0 DELAY[7:0] This register sets the delay value in 8 feet intervals when the unit will start sampling the return energy. This register, along with register 0x06 (RANGE), allows for specified distances to be monitored.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 Register 0x08 – 0x27: SENSITIVITY_THRESHOLDx Bit Type Function Default Bit 7 R/W SEN_THRESHx[7] 1 Bit 6 R/W SEN_THRESHx[6] 0 Bit 5 R/W SEN_THRESHx[5] 1 Bit 4 R/W SEN_THRESHx[4] 0 Bit 3 R/W SEN_THRESHx[3] 0 Bit 2 R/W SEN_THRESHx[2] 0 Bit 1 R/W SEN_THRESHx[1] 0 Bit 0 R/W SEN_THRESHx[0] 0 SEN_THRESHx[7:0] These registers set the threshold level to compare against the return energy signal from the receiver.
RaDeKL Radar ICD 107-201-001 ISSUE 2.10 The noise floor of the receiver is around 3.0V ± 50mV, thus the usable sensitivity threshold range is from 0V – 3.0V (corresponding to a setting from 0x00 to 0xEA). MULTISPECTRAL SOLUTIONS, INC.
