µS C YSI Model 30 YSI Model 30M Handheld Salinity, Conductivity and Temperature System Operations Manual
CONTENTS Section 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................1 Section 2 Preparing The Meter ........................................................................................................................................3 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Unpacking .............................................................................................................................
ii
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION The YSI Model 30 Handheld Salinity, Conductivity, & Temperature System is a rugged, microprocessor based, digital meter with an attached YSI four electrode conductivity cell. The Model 30 is designed for use in field, lab, and process control applications and is available with cable lengths of either 10, 25 or 50 feet. The body of the probe has been manufactured with stainless steel to add rugged durability and sinking weight.
Introduction YSI, Incorporated Section 1 Model 30/30M 2
SECTION 2 PREPARING THE METER 2.1 UNPACKING When you unpack your new YSI Model 30 Handheld Conductivity, Salinity & Temperature System for the first time, check the packing list to make sure you have received everything you should have. If there is anything missing or damaged, call the dealer from whom you purchased the Model 30. If you do not know which of our authorized dealers sold the system to you, call YSI Customer Service at 800-765-4974 or 937-767-7241, and we'll be happy to help you. 2.
Preparing the Meter Section 2 NOTE: It is very important that the batteries be installed ONLY as illustrated. The instrument will not function if the batteries are installed incorrectly. Turn the instrument on by pressing and releasing the ON/OFF key on the front of the instrument. The liquid crystal display (LCD) should come on. Allow a few seconds for the instrument to complete its diagnostic routine.
SECTION 3 MAKING MEASUREMENTS The YSI Model 30 is factory calibrated. This means that once you have put batteries in the instrument, you are ready to begin taking readings immediately. The following diagram is an overview of the operation of the Model 30 and 30M. Note the difference in key strokes between some of the 30 and 30M functions. See the following pages for details of operation. 3.1 TURNING THE INSTRUMENT ON Once the batteries are installed correctly, press the ON/OFF key.
Making Measurements Section 3 around the probe electrodes. To dislodge any bubbles which might have formed, move or shake the probe vigorously several times before recording the measurement. 3.
Making Measurements Section 3 300.1 uS 24.8 °C °C Not flashing = Conductivity °C Flashing = Specific conductance If the instrument is reading Conductivity, the large numbers on the display will be followed by either a µS or an mS. Additionally, the small portion of the display will show the oC NOT flashing. If the instrument is reading Salinity, the large numbers on the display will be followed by a ppt. 3.3 AUTORANGING & RANGE SEARCHING The YSI Model 30 is an autoranging instrument.
Making Measurements 3.4 Section 3 THE BACKLIGHT At times it may be necessary to take measurements with the Model 30 in dark or poorly lit areas. To help in this situation, the Model 30 comes equipped with a backlight which will illuminate the display so that it can be easily read. To activate the backlight, press and hold down the LIGHT key. The display will remain lit as long as the key is held down. When you release it, the light goes out to preserve battery life.
SECTION 4 SAVING DATA The Model 30M is equipped with non-volatile memory that is capable of storing up to 50 different sets of readings. Non-volatile means that you do not need to worry that your data will be lost due to a power failure or interruption, such as when the batteries are removed. The Model 30M will also assign a site identity number to each set of readings to allow easy review of the data. This feature is useful in situations where transcribing data is difficult or not available.
Saving Data 4.2 Section 4 RECALLING STORED DATA 1. To put the Model 30M into the RECALL mode, press the MODE key until rcl is displayed on the screen along with the site ID number in the lower right corner. rcl 01 Site identity 2. Press the ENTER key to review the last set of data that was saved. The Model 30M will display the conductivity and temperature. Another press of the ENTER key will display the specific conductance and the temperature.
Saving Data Section 4 2. Press and hold both the DOWN ARROW and ENTER keys simultaneously for approximately 5 seconds. 3. Successful erasure is indicated by the Model 30M flashing DONE on the display for 1 to 2 seconds. The instrument will automatically change to normal operation after completion. dOnE IMPORTANT: Data in all 50 site ID’s will be erased completely and will be lost forever. Do not use the erase function until all recorded data has been transcribed to an archive outside the Model 30M.
Saving Data YSI, Incorporated Section 4 Model 30/30M 12
SECTION 5 CALIBRATION 5.1 BEFORE YOU CALIBRATE IMPORTANT: System calibration is rarely required because of the factory calibration of the YSI Model 30. However, from time to time it is wise to check the system calibration and make adjustments when necessary. Before you calibrate the YSI Model 30, complete the procedures discussed in the Preparing the Meter and Making Measurements sections of this manual. To accurately calibrate the YSI Model 30, it is important to remember the following: 1.
Calibration Section 5 6. Allow at least 60 seconds for the temperature reading to become stable. 7. Move the probe vigorously from side to side to dislodge any air bubbles from the electrodes. 8. Press and release both the UP ARROW and DOWN ARROW keys at the same time. The CAL symbol will appear at the bottom left of the display to indicate that the instrument is now in Calibration mode. 1014µS 24.8 °C Cal symbol CAL 9.
SECTION 6 ADVANCED SETUP The default settings of the YSI Model 30 are appropriate for the vast majority of measurement applications. However, some measurement applications require very specific measurement criteria. For that reason, we have made the YSI Model 30 flexible to accommodate these “advanced users.” If, for example, you are using the YSI Model 30 for a process control application which requires that the conductivity readings be compensated to 20 oC instead of 25 oC -- this is the section to read.
Advanced Setup Section 6 4. Press the ENTER key. The word “SAVE” will flash across the display for a second to indicate that your change has been accepted. 5. Press the MODE key to return to normal operation; the CAL symbol will disappear from the display. See Appendix C for charts of common salt solutions at various temperatures. 6.2 CHANGING THE REFERENCE TEMPERATURE Follow these steps to modify the reference temperature of the Model 30. 1.
Advanced Setup Section 6 4. Use the UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW key to change the value to the desired new reference temperature (any value between 15 oC and 25 oC is acceptable). 15.0C New reference temperature 22.7 CAL 5. Press the ENTER key. The word “SAVE” will flash across the display for a second to indicate that your change has been accepted. The instrument will automatically return to normal operation mode. 6.
Advanced Setup Section 6 rErr mS Range error message 24.8 °C If this happens, simply press and release the ENTER key until a range is selected which is suitable for your sample. If you get lost and don’t know if you’re in a manual range or autoranging, simply turn the instrument off and back on. The instrument will always default to autoranging when first turned on.
Advanced Setup Section 6 If this happens, simply press and release the UP ARROW key until a range is selected which is suitable for your sample. Note that the instrument will always default to autoranging when first turned on. The four ranges of the YSI Model 30 are: Range 1 Range 2 Range 3 Range 4 0 to 499.9 µS/cm 0 to 4999 µS/cm 0 to 49.99 mS/cm 0 to 200.
Advanced Setup YSI, Incorporated Section 6 Model 30/30M 20
SECTION 7 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION The Model 30 utilizes a cell with four pure nickel electrodes for the measurement of solution conductance. Two of the electrodes are current driven and two are used to measure the voltage drop. The measured voltage drop is then converted into a conductance value in milliSiemens (millimhos). To convert this value to a conductivity value in milliSiemens per cm (mS/cm), the conductance is multiplied by the cell constant which has units of reciprocal cm (cm-1).
Principles of Operation Section 7 Salinity is determined automatically from the Model 30 conductivity readings according to algorithms found in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (ed. 1995). The use of the Practical Salinity Scale 1978 results in values which are unitless, since the measurements are carried out in reference to the conductivity of standard seawater at 15°C.
Principles of Operation Section 7 The error is not necessarily a linear function of temperature. The statement of error is derived from a 25°C temperature offset and a 3%/°C temperature coefficient. Total Error Considering only the above three factors, system accuracy under worst case conditions will be ±2%, although the actual error will be considerably less if recommended and properly calibrated cells and instrument ranges are used.
Principles of Operation YSI, Incorporated Section 7 Model 30/30M 24
SECTION 8 MAINTENANCE 8.1 CLEANING AND STORAGE The single most important requirement for accurate and reproducible results in conductivity measurement is a clean cell. A dirty cell will change the conductivity of a solution by contaminating it. NOTE: ALWAYS RINSE THE CONDUCTIVITY CELL WITH CLEAN WATER AFTER EACH USE. To clean the conductivity cell: 1. Dip the cell in cleaning solution and agitate for two to three minutes.
Maintainence Section 8 4. Stirring may be necessary for highest accuracy measurements, especially in low-conductivity solutions. 5. If possible, isolate from ground potential the container or system in which measurements are to be made. 6. Electrical fields and stray currents caused by stirrer motors, heaters, etc., can interfere with measurements. The user should determine the effects of these and make the necessary corrections, either by shielding or by disconnecting those units that cause trouble. 7.
SECTION 9 TROUBLESHOOTING The following is a list of error codes for the Model 30 and Model 30M. The Model 30M also has additional error codes (see the following page). SYMPTOM 1. Instrument will not turn on POSSIBLE CAUSE ACTION A. Low battery voltage A. Replace batteries B. Batteries installed wrong B. Check battery polarity. C. Meter requires service C. Return system for service A. B. C. 2. Instrument will not calibrate A. B. C.
Troubleshooting SYMPTOM Section 9 POSSIBLE CAUSE ACTION 10. Main Display reads “LErr” A. In specific conductance mode, temperature exceeds the values computed using user defined temperature coefficient and/or reference temperature B. During calibration, temperature exceeds the values computed using user defined temperature coefficient and/or reference temperature A. & B. Adjust user defined temperature coefficient and/or reference temperature (See section 6 Advanced Setup) 11.
Warranty and Repair SECTION 10 Section 10 WARRANTY AND REPAIR YSI Model 30 Salinity, Conductivity and Temperature Meters are warranted for two years from date of purchase by the end user against defects in materials and workmanship. YSI Model 30 probes and cables are warranted for one year from date of purchase by the end user against defects in material and workmanship.
Warranty and Repair Section 10 AUTHORIZED SERVICE CENTERS Please visit www.ysi.com or contact YSI Technical Support for all authorized service centers both in the United States and internationally. YSI Technical Support +1 937-767-7241 800-897-4151 (US) environmental@ysi.
Warranty and Repair YSI, Incorporated Section 10 Model 30/30M 31
Warranty and Repair Section 10 CLEANING INSTRUCTIONS NOTE: Before they can be serviced, equipment exposed to biological, radioactive, or toxic materials must be cleaned and disinfected. Biological contamination is presumed for any instrument, probe, or other device that has been used with body fluids or tissues, or with waste water. Radioactive contamination is presumed for any instrument, probe or other device that has been used near any radioactive source.
Warranty and Repair Section 10 PACKING INSTRUCTIONS 1. Clean and decontaminate items to insure the safety of the handler. 2. Complete and include the Cleaning Certificate. 3. Place the product in a plastic bag to keep out dirt and packing material. 4. Use a large carton, preferably the original, and surround the product completely with packing material. 5. Insure for the replacement value of the product. Cleaning Certificate Organization Department Address City State Zip Country Phone Model No.
Warranty and Repair YSI, Incorporated Section 10 Model 30/30M 34
APPENDIX A REQUIRED NOTICE The Federal Communications Commission defines this product as a computing device and requires the following notice: This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly, may cause interference to radio and television reception. There is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
Warranty and Repair YSI, Incorporated Section 10 Model 30/30M 36
APPENDIX B ACCESSORIES AND REPLACEMENT PARTS The following parts and accessories are available from YSI or any Franchise Dealer authorized by YSI.
Accessories and Replacement Parts YSI, Incorporated Appendix B Model 30/30M 38
APPENDIX C TEMPERATURE CORRECTION This data is for typical applications of the YSI sondes. A. Potassium Chloride** (KCl) Concentration: 1 x 10-1 mole/liter Concentration: 1 mole/liter °C mS/cm %/°C (to 25°C) °C mS/cm %/°C (to 25°C) 0 5 10 15 20 25 65.10 73.89 82.97 92.33 101.97 111.90 1.67 1.70 1.72 1.75 1.77 1.80 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 37.5 40 45 50 7.13 8.22 9.34 10.48 11.65 12.86 14.10 15.38 16.04 16.70 18.05 19.43 1.78 1.80 1.83 1.85 1.88 1.90 1.93 1.96 1.98 1.99 2.02 2.
Temperature Coefficient Appendix C B. Sodium Chloride* (NaCl) Saturated solutions at all temperatures Concentration: 0.5 mole/liter °C mS/cm %/°C (to 25°C) °C mS/cm %/°C (to 25°C) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 134.50 155.55 177.90 201.40 225.92 251.30 277.40 1.86 1.91 1.95 1.99 2.02 2.05 2.08 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 37.5 40 45 50 25.90 29.64 33.61 37.79 42.14 46.65 51.28 56.01 58.40 60.81 65.65 70.50 1.78 1.82 1.86 1.90 1.93 1.96 1.99 2.01 2.02 2.02 2.04 2.
Temperature Coefficient Appendix C * C. Lithium Chloride (LiCl) Concentration: 1 x 10-1 mole/liter Concentration: 1 mole/liter °C mS/cm %/°C (to 25°C) °C mS/cm %/°C (to 25°C) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 37.5 40 45 50 39.85 46.01 52.42 59.07 65.97 73.10 80.47 88.08 91.97 95.92 103.99 112.30 1.82 1.85 1.89 1.92 1.95 1.98 2.02 2.05 2.07 2.08 2.11 2.15 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 37.5 40 45 50 5.07 5.98 6.87 7.75 8.62 9.50 10.40 11.31 11.78 12.26 13.26 14.30 1.87 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.85 1.86 1.88 1.91 1.92 1.
Temperature Coefficient Appendix C * E. Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) Concentration: 1 x 10-1 mole/liter Concentration: 1 mole/liter °C mS/cm %/°C (to 25°C) °C mS/cm %/°C (to 25°C) 0 5 10 15 20 25 64.10 74.36 83.77 92.35 100.10 107.00 1.60 1.53 1.45 1.37 1.29 1.21 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 37.5 40 45 50 6.96 7.98 9.09 10.27 11.50 12.78 14.09 15.43 16.10 16.78 18.12 19.45 1.82 1.88 1.93 1.97 2.00 2.03 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.08 2.09 2.
APPENDIX D CONVERSION CHART To Convert From To Equation Feet Meters Multiply by 0.3048 Meters Feet Multiply by 3.
Conversion Chart YSI, Incorporated Appendix D Model 30/30M 44
APPENDIX E GLOSSARY ampere (A) - SI unit of electric current amplitude - The maximum deviation of an alternating current from its average value during its cycle. ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials calibrate - To determine, check, or rectify the graduation of any instrument giving quantitative measurements. calibrator solution - A solution of known value used to calibrate.
Glossary Appendix E polarization - The separation of the positive and negative charges of a molecule by an external agent. Pyrex - A trademark name for heat-resistant and chemical-resistant glass. reference voltage - A closely controlled d.c. or a.c. voltage used as a reference. SI - Système International siemens (S) - SI unit of electrical conductance; the reciprocal of an ohm; equivalent to a mho.
APPENDIX F GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Probe Operating Environment Medium: fresh, sea, or polluted water and most other liquid solutions. Temperature: -5 to +95oC Depth: 0 to 10, 0 to 25, or 0-50 feet (depending on cable length); 0-100 feet (30M Only) Meter Ambient Operating/Storage Temperature: -10 to +50oC Material: ABS, Stainless Steel, and other materials. Dimensions: Height: 9.5 inches (24.13 cm) Thickness: 2.2 inches (5.6 cm) Width: 3.5 inches max. (8.89 cm) Weight: 1.7 pounds (w/ 10’ cable) (0.
1700/1725 Brannum Lane Yellow Springs, Ohio 45387 USA (800) 765-4974 (937) 767-7241 FAX: (937) 767-9320 Website: http://www.ysi.com E-Mail: info@ysi.
