Leaflet

GLOSSARY
COLOUR MATERIALS USAGE GUIDE Visit our website at www.xerox.com 47
Formation:
Describes the distribution of fibers on a sheet.
When held to a light, a paper with good formation
will appear even and consistent, whereas with poor
formation it will appear splotchy and uneven. Poor
formation can cause mottle or uneven, spotty dry
ink distribution in images with high solid area
coverage.
G
Gloss:
Characteristic of a paper that makes it shine.
Grade:
The classification given to paper due to its unique
characteristics, which includes brightness, opacity,
cotton content, etc.
Grain:
The direction of fibers in a paper due to their flow
on the papermaking machine.
Grain direction (grain):
The direction of the fibers in paper. Grain long is
when fibers run in the same direction as the
longest side of the sheet. Grain short is when the
fibers run in the direction of the shortest side of the
sheet.
Grammage:
Metric method of measuring the basis weight of
paper
Graphic arts:
The name given to the various segments and
processes that are used in producing printed
products.
Graphics:
A visual representation formed by writing, drawing,
photography or engraving.
Groundwood pulp:
A wood pulp that has not been chemically
processed, and which is used to make an
economical paper such as newspaper.
Gummed paper:
Paper with an adhesive coating on one side. H
Heavy weight paperPapers classified as basis
weight greater than 105 gsm (i.e. 28 Ib business
papers, 40 Ib Cover, 70 Ib book papers).
I
Index paper:
A stiff stock used when an extremely durable,
inexpensive paper is required. With a rough
surface and poor formation, it does not provide
good quality for color images.
Insert:
A printed brochure or single page that is inserted
and bound with the regular copy in a publication.
ISO sizes:
Widely used in countries utilizing the metric
system, these sizes are named by having a letter
designate the series of the paper and a number to
designate the size.
L
Laser paper:
Xerographic paper made especially smooth and
dry to run well through laser printers.
Ledger paper:
A durable, smooth business paper with a heavy
basis weight used for keeping business records.
Letter paper:
In North America, 8.5 x 11" sheets. In Europe, A4
sheets.
Lightfastness:
The amount of resistance of a color of ink or paper
to any kind of light. Also known as colorfastness.
Lightweight paper:
Book paper with basis weight less than 60 g/m
2
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