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81461.book Page 4 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Designing and planning Messaging Services is one of the most important tasks of a messaging IT pro and needs careful considerations in many areas. This chapter introduces you to important Exchange design topics: Active Directory (AD) requirements, server placement, and messagerouting considerations.
81461.book Page 5 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Evaluating and Recommending Active Directory Configuration 5 Exchange Uses Active Directory to Store Information The Active Directory database is divided into logical partitions, namely the schema partition, the configuration partition, and a domain partition for every domain. Here’s how Exchange Server 2007 uses each of these partitions.
81461.book Page 6 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 6 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services EXERCISE 1.1 (continued) 2. Click on View Show Services Node. 3. Expand Services to find Microsoft Exchange container, as shown below.
81461.book Page 7 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Evaluating and Recommending Active Directory Configuration 7 Active Directory Requirements For Exchange Server 2007 there are several requirements that Active Directory and domains must meet. Consider the following when evaluating your current Active Directory design: The server on which the Schema Master role runs must have at least Windows Server 2003 SP1 installed.
1461.book Page 8 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Chapter 1 8 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Exchange Server 2007 setup does the following tasks preparing your Active Directory environment: 1. Extend the schema if it was not done already. 2. Configure global Exchange objects in the configuration partition. These include Exchange Administrative Group (FYDIBOHF23SPDLT), Exchange Routing Group (DWBGZMFD01QNBJR), and so on. 3.
81461.book Page 9 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Evaluating and Recommending Active Directory Configuration 9 Not all domains can be contacted; Exchange Server 2007 setup needs to contact at least one domain controller from every domain to make the changes. Firewalls prevent some locations from communicating to each other directly. For each command, you must consider the requirements in Table 1.1. TABLE 1.
81461.book Page 10 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 10 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Using the first or last option, you don’t need much extra configuration in Exchange Server 2007. However, splitting permissions is a more complex story. After offering some background in the following sections, I will explore this topic in detail under the heading “The Split-Permissions Model.
81461.book Page 11 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Evaluating and Recommending Active Directory Configuration 11 During the initial Exchange setup in the root domain (i.e., Setup /PrepareAD) all groups (except Exchange Server Administrators) are created as a security group in the Microsoft Exchange Security Groups container. You can see those using Active Directory Users and Computers.
81461.book Page 12 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 12 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Exchange View-Only Administrators As an Exchange View-Only Administrator you will receive read-only access to the Exchange organization and to all Windows domains that contain Exchange recipients. You can assign this role to people that want to look at the Exchange configuration (for example, to see connector settings) but that don’t perform changes.
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81461.book Page 14 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 14 Chapter 1 FIGURE 1.2 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Server provisioning You cannot delegate the first Exchange Server 2007 server installation; this server must be installed by an account that is a member of the Exchange Organization Administrators group.
81461.book Page 15 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Evaluating and Planning Server Deployment Based on Best Practices, Budget, and... 15 Evaluating and Planning Server Deployment Based on Best Practices, Budget, and Other Business Factors This section will look at what is required to make up a good server deployment plan. Business factors and budget are discussed here, as are best practices.
81461.book Page 16 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 16 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Gathering Business Requirements Besides collecting the technological requirements, remember to include what business requirements you have for the Exchange Server 2007 design. You should consider the following in your plans: IT strategy: Administrative model, migration strategy, etc. Budget: How much is available for hardware, how much for software, etc.
81461.book Page 17 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Evaluating and Planning Server Deployment Based on Best Practices, Budget, and... 17 Exchange servers with four cores per servers, you should have at least two cores dedicated for global catalogs. If you’re planning to host Exchange servers for multiple domains at a single AD site, then you must include domain controllers from each domain for which you host resources.
81461.book Page 18 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 18 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services As a protective feature, Dcpromo, which is the command to promote a Windows 2000 or 2003 member server to a domain controller, cannot be run anymore once you have installed Exchange Server 2007 on a Windows 2003 member server. After Exchange Server 2007 is installed, changing the role from a member server to a domain controller or vice versa is not a Microsoft-supported scenario.
81461.book Page 19 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Evaluating and Planning Server Deployment Based on Best Practices, Budget, and... TABLE 1.3 19 Exchange Server 2007 Roles Overview (continued) Server Role Description Planning Aspect Hub Transport server Manages all internal message routing within the Exchange organization as well as hosts transport rules that can be applied to messages. Required in every AD site where a mailbox server is installed.
81461.book Page 20 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 20 Chapter 1 FIGURE 1.
81461.book Page 21 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Evaluating and Planning Server Deployment Based on Best Practices, Budget, and TABLE 1.
81461.book Page 22 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Chapter 1 22 TABLE 1.5 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Exchange Server 2007 Client Access Licenses (continued) Features Standard CAL Enterprise CAL Unified Messaging X Per-user/per-distribution list journaling X Managed email folders X Forefront security X Making Up a Server-Placement Plan After considering all these points, you are ready to pull it all together.
81461.book Page 23 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Evaluating Network Topology and Providing Technical Recommendations 23 Evaluating Network Topology and Providing Technical Recommendations Evaluating the network topology on which Exchange Server 2007 will communicate is important so that you will not be surprised by problems that have been forgotten in planning.
81461.book Page 24 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 24 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Avoiding Pitfalls by Providing Technical Recommendations The following list provides ways to avoid potential pitfalls on the network topology side. Any problems must be rectified before Exchange Server 2007 can be installed at the location. Make sure that the physical network speed of locations that will host Exchange Server 2007 have at least 64 Kb per second of bandwidth available.
81461.book Page 25 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Designing and Planning for New Exchange Features 25 The Exchange Management Shell The Exchange Management Shell (Figure 1.4) is a new task-based command-line shell and scripting language that will tremendously ease the way you do administration. Using the EMS you can perform every task that can be done in the Exchange Management Console, and additional tasks that cannot be done there. FIGURE 1.
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81461.book Page 27 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Designing Organization Configuration to Meet Routing Requirements 27 layers of protection, including attachment, connection, content, recipient, and sender filtering, as well as a sender ID agent.
81461.book Page 28 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 28 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Using Edge Transport Servers to Ease Administration A great benefit of using Edge Transport servers for smart-host functionality is when you use Edge subscription in your Exchange organization.
81461.book Page 29 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Designing Organization Configuration to Meet Routing Requirements 29 TABLE 1.6 Internal Message Routing in Exchange Server 2007 Compared to Exchange 2000/2003 (continued) Exchange Server 2007 Exchange Server 2000/2003 IP site link Routing group connector Cost of IP site link Cost of routing group connector Routing between Exchange Server 2007 and Exchange 2000/2003 is explained in Chapter 4, “Designing and Planning Coexistence and Migrations.
81461.book Page 30 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 30 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Hub Transport Server Routing Rules As explained before, Hub Transport server is the only Exchange Server 2007 server role to route messages within an Exchange organization. Of course, the Edge server role can also route messages, but only to and from the Internet.
81461.book Page 31 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Designing Organization Configuration to Meet Routing Requirements 31 You might have hub sites if a firewall prevents direct communication between certain AD sites or if a company policy exists where all message traffic must be routed through a special AD site. A hub site is considered only when it lies on the least-cost routing path calculated by the Hub Transport server.
81461.book Page 32 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 32 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Transport will deliver a local copy to the recipient in Site 2 and deliver one message, including recipients in Site 3 and Site 4, to the Hub Transport server in Site 3. As you can see, especially for messages with large numbers of recipients, this feature saves a lot of bandwidth.
81461.book Page 33 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Designing Organization Configuration to Meet Routing Requirements 33 Using Direct Connectors to Business Partners In my company we work very closely with a couple of other companies; we also have a direct network link connecting us all together. This link is used to exchange confidential data as well as access to certain systems.
81461.book Page 34 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 34 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Table 1.7 shows a list of connectors that are no longer available in Exchange Server 2007, and it describes how to maintain their functionality in Exchange Server 2007. TABLE 1.7 Discontinued Connectors and What to Do in Exchange Server 2007 Connected System What to Do Lotus Notes/Domino 5.x Retain a computer with Exchange Server 2000/2003 in your or earlier Exchange organization.
81461.book Page 35 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Exam Essentials 35 Summary Planning a message service for a medium-to-large organization is quite a time-intensive and difficult task. You have to consider many factors, and you have to be especially aware of products that might interfere with the message service.
81461.book Page 36 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 36 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Have a solid understanding of your network topology The network topology is the basis of a good messaging environment and thus it is very important to know exactly what is going on in your organization’s network, as well as where its external connections are. Based on this evaluation, you must understand what requirements Exchange Server 2007 has on the network topology to prevent problems.
81461.book Page 37 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Review Questions 37 Review Questions 1. What Active Directory requirements do you have if you want to install Exchange Server 2007 into your forest? (Select all that apply.) A. Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1 or later must be installed on the server that hosts the Schema Master role. B. All domains where you want to install Exchange Server 2007 must run in Windows 2003 domain functional mode. C.
81461.book Page 38 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 38 5. Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services What permission do you need to prepare a child domain for Exchange Server 2007 (i.e., run Setup /PrepareDomain)? (Select all that apply.) A. Exchange Organization Administrators permission on the Exchange organization. B. Administrator permission on the Exchange Server. C. Domain Admin permission in that domain (if the domain existed when /PrepareAD ran). D.
81461.book Page 39 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Review Questions 39 10. Which of the following statements regarding domain controller and global catalog requirements for Exchange Server 2007 is correct? (Select all that apply.) A. At least one global catalog must be available in the same AD site where you plan to install Exchange Server 2007. B. At least one domain controller of the same domain as the Exchange server must be available in the AD site where you plan to install Exchange Server 2007.
81461.book Page 40 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 40 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services 14. Which of the following are features included in Exchange Server 2007 Unified Messaging? (Select all that apply.) A. Call answering B. Fax sending C. Voice access to mailbox D. Delayed fan-out 15. Your messaging system currently includes five Internet connections where per connection you have two smart hosts each running on the Linux operating system.
81461.book Page 41 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Review Questions 41 calculate the routing path for every recipient and deliver the mail to all distant sites (one message for each site) as well as to the local recipients. D. The Hub Transport server in Site 1 will deliver the message to all local recipients and send one message to Site 2. There the Hub Transport server will also deliver the message to all local recipients and send one message to Site 3.
81461.book Page 42 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 42 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services Answers to Review Questions 1. A, C, D. Exchange Server 2007 requires only the Windows 2000 native domain functional mode, even though it is a good practice to use the Windows Server 2003 domain functional mode.
81461.book Page 43 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM Answers to Review Questions 43 10. A, B, D. In the site where you plan to install Exchange Server 2007 you must have a global catalog as well as a domain controller from the same domain where Exchange Server 2007 is installed. Also, all global catalog servers located in the same AD site as Exchange Server 2007 servers need to be upgraded to Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1 or later.
81461.book Page 44 Wednesday, December 12, 2007 4:49 PM 44 Chapter 1 Designing and Planning Messaging Services 17. C. This question is about a routing feature called delayed fan-out. Basically, a message with multiple recipients is kept as one message until the routing path divides. In our situation this means that the message is kept as a single message until Site 2. There it will be divided, as Site 3 and 4 are directly connected to Site 2.
