Workstation User’s Manual VMware Workstation 7.0 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition. To check for more recent editions of this document, see http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs.
Workstation User’s Manual You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at: http://www.vmware.com/support/ The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates. If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to: docfeedback@vmware.com Copyright © 1998–2009 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws.
Contents About This Book 19 1 Introduction and System Requirements 21 Product Benefits 21 Overview of This Manual 22 Host System Requirements 23 PC Hardware 23 Memory 23 Display 24 Disk Drives 24 Local Area Networking 25 Host Operating System 25 Virtual Machine Specifications 29 Processor 29 Chip Set 29 BIOS 30 Memory 30 Graphics 30 IDE Drives 30 SCSI Devices 30 Floppy Drives 31 Serial (COM) Ports 31 Parallel (LPT) Ports 31 USB Ports 31 Keyboard 31 Mouse and Drawing Tablets 31 Ethernet Card 32 Sound 32 V
Workstation User’s Manual 2 Installing and Upgrading VMware Workstation 39 Installation Prerequisites 39 Sharing a Workstation Host with Other VMware Products 40 Install Workstation on a Windows Host 41 Install Workstation Silently 42 Uninstall Workstation from a Windows Host 44 Install Workstation on a Linux Host 44 Using Command‐Line Installation Options 46 Uninstall Workstation from a Linux Host 47 Preparing for an Upgrade 47 Upgrade Workstation on a Windows Host 48 Upgrading to a Windows Vista and Wind
Contents 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine 79 Methods of Creating Virtual Machines 79 Configuration Options for the New Virtual Machine Wizard 80 Easy Install Feature for Some Guest Operating Systems 80 Typical Compared to Custom Configurations 82 Guest Operating System Selection 83 Virtual Machine Location 83 Virtual Hardware Compatibility Levels 84 Number of Processors 84 Memory Allocation 85 Network Connection Type 85 I/O Adapter Types 86 Disk Types 86 Normal and Independent Disk Modes 87 Virtu
Workstation User’s Manual Install VMware Tools in a Linux Guest 109 Install VMware Tools in a Solaris Guest 111 Install VMware Tools in a FreeBSD Guest 112 Install VMware Tools in a NetWare Guest 113 Start the VMware User Process Manually If You Do Not Use a Session Manager 114 VMware Tools Update Process 115 How Automatic Updates Occur 115 How You Are Notified to Do a Manual Update 116 Use Global Settings to Update VMware Tools Automatically 116 Set VMware Tools Update Options for Each Virtual Machine 117
Contents Open a Third‐Party Virtual Machine or System Image 143 Import a Virtual Machine, Virtual Appliance, or System Image Import a Windows XP Mode Virtual Machine 145 144 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines 147 Starting a Virtual Machine 148 Start a Virtual Machine from the Workstation User Interface 148 Start a Virtual Machine That Is Running in the Background 149 Start a Virtual Machine by Using VM Streaming 149 Virtual Machine Location 150 Shut Down a Virtual Machine 151 Configure Power Off and
Workstation User’s Manual Use Host Printers in a Virtual Machine 180 Use Removable Devices in a Virtual Machine 181 Configure the Appliance View for a Virtual Machine 182 Create a Screenshot of a Virtual Machine 183 Create and Play Back a Movie of a Virtual Machine 184 Advanced Options for Application Developers 185 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest 187 Using the Drag‐and‐Drop Feature 187 Enable or Disable the Drag‐and‐Drop Feature 188 Using the Copy and Paste Feature 189 Enable or
Contents 10 Cloning, Moving, and Sharing Virtual Machines 217 The Virtual Machine’s Universal Unique Identifier 217 UUID Options When You Move a Virtual Machine 218 Specify a UUID for a Virtual Machine 218 Cloning a Virtual Machine 219 Types of Clones 220 Creating Clones 221 Moving a Virtual Machine 223 Hosts with Different Hardware 223 Move a Virtual Machine to a New Location or a New Host 225 Moving an Older Virtual Machine 226 Moving Linked Clones 227 Sharing Virtual Machines with Other Users 227 Using
Workstation User’s Manual Using VMware Virtual Disk Manager 254 Using Dual‐Boot Computers with Virtual Machines 254 Legacy Virtual Disks 254 12 Recording and Replaying Virtual Machine Activity 257 Uses of the Record/Replay Feature 257 Physical and Virtual Hardware Requirements 258 Configure Record/Replay for a Virtual Machine 259 Record Control Dialog Box Features 261 Replay Control Dialog Box Features 262 Create a Recording 264 Replay a Recording 265 Browse a Recording 266 Using an Execution Trace File
Contents Working with Team Networks 280 LAN Segment Requirements Regarding IP Addresses 280 Create a Team LAN Segment 281 Configure LAN Segments 281 Add or Remove Network Adapters 282 Delete a LAN Segment 283 Cloning and Taking Snapshots of Team Virtual Machines 283 14 Configuring a Virtual Network 285 Components of the Virtual Network 285 Virtual Switch 285 DHCP Server 286 Network Adapter 286 Common Networking Configurations 286 Bridged Networking 287 Network Address Translation (NAT) 289 Host‐Only Netwo
Workstation User’s Manual 15 Advanced Virtual Networking 303 Selecting IP Addresses on a Host‐Only Network or NAT Configuration 304 How the Subnet Number Is Assigned 304 Determining Whether to Use DHCP or Statically Assign Addresses 305 DHCP Conventions for Assigning IP Addresses 305 Configure the DHCP Server on a Windows Host 306 Configure the DHCP Server on a Linux Host 306 Avoiding IP Packet Leakage in a Host‐Only Network 306 Disable Packet Forwarding on Windows Hosts 307 Disable Packet Forwarding on Li
Contents Using Samba with Workstation 328 Add Users to the Samba Password File 329 Using a Samba Server for Bridged and Host‐Only Networks 329 Use Samba Without Network Access 330 16 Connecting Devices 331 Using Parallel Ports 331 Add a Virtual Parallel Port to a Virtual Machine 332 Troubleshoot ECR Errors for Parallel Ports 332 Configuring a Parallel Port on a Linux Host 333 Using Serial Ports 335 Add a Virtual Serial Port to a Virtual Machine 335 Change the Input Speed of the Serial Connection 337 Debug
Workstation User’s Manual 17 Special‐Purpose Configuration Options for Windows Hosts 369 Restricting the User Interface 369 Enable the Restricted User Interface 370 Restrict the User Interface and Return to a Snapshot 370 Disable the Restricted User Interface 371 Making a Virtual Machine Always Use Full Screen Switch Mode 372 Specify Global Configuration Settings for Full Screen Switch Mode 372 Virtual Key Codes 373 Hot Key for Cycling Through Virtual Machines and the Host Computer 375 Hot Keys for Switchi
Contents Setting Host to Guest Data Script Policies 397 Specify a Script and a Command to Run It 398 Setting Expiration Policies 399 Setting Copy Protection Policies 400 Setting Resource Signing Policies 401 Setting Network Access Policies 402 Before You Begin Setting Host Policies 402 Use the Network Access Wizard to Configure Network Access 403 Guidelines for Specifying Zone Conditions 404 Using the Ruleset Editor to Configure Host and Guest Access 407 Change NAT Settings 409 Configure Which Physical Net
Workstation User’s Manual Customizing the Removable Device Display 430 Shortcut Key Values 432 Sample Skin File 433 20 Deploying ACE Packages 435 Edit Deployment Settings 435 Encryption Settings 436 Package Lifetime Settings 436 Instance Customization on Windows Guests Only 437 Custom EULA Settings 445 Deployment Platform Settings 446 ACE Resources Directory 446 Review the Configuration of an ACE‐Enabled Virtual Machine 447 Use Preview Mode to Test Policy and Deployment Settings 448 Creating a Package 449
Contents Installing an ACE Package on a Linux Host 469 Manually Install VMware Player on a Linux Host 469 Install the ACE Instance on a Single Linux Host 470 Install an ACE Package Silently on Multiple Linux Hosts 471 Prepare a Linux Host for Running in Kiosk Mode 472 Uninstall VMware Player or an ACE Instance from a Linux Host 473 Upgrading ACE Instances to ACE 2.
Workstation User’s Manual 18 VMware, Inc.
About This Book This manual, the Workstation User’s Manual, provides information about installing and using VMware® Workstation 7.0. With Workstation, you can convert an existing physical PC into a VMware virtual machine or create a new virtual machine. Each virtual machine represents a complete PC, including the processor, memory, network connections and peripheral ports. Use Workstation to do the following: Host legacy applications and overcome platform migration issues.
Workstation User’s Manual Technical Support and Education Resources The following sections describe the technical support resources available to you. To access the current version of this book and other books, go to http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs. Online and Telephone Support To use online support to submit technical support requests, view your product and contract information, and register your products, go to http://www.vmware.com/support.
1 Introduction and System Requirements 1 VMware Workstation is a desktop software that allows you to run multiple x86‐compatible desktop and server operating systems simultaneously on a single PC, in fully networked, portable virtual machines—with no rebooting or hard drive partitioning required.
Workstation User’s Manual Workstation enhances productivity of IT professionals: Configure and test desktops and servers as virtual machines before deploying them to production. Test new multitier applications, application updates, and operating system patches on a single PC. Host legacy applications within virtual machines, facilitating operating system migrations and eliminating the need to port legacy applications. Create a virtual library of end‐user configurations on a shared drive.
Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements Host System Requirements Like physical computers, the virtual machines running under Workstation perform better if they have faster processors and more memory. The terms host and guest describe physical and virtual machines: Host — The physical computer on which you install the Workstation software is called the host computer, and its operating system is the host operating system.
Workstation User’s Manual Display 16‐bit or 32‐bit display adapter is recommended. For display requirements to support Windows 7 Aero graphics, see “Recommendations for Windows 7 Aero Graphics Support” on page 24. NOTE Use the latest graphics driver recommended for your host. Recommendations for Windows 7 Aero Graphics Support To support Windows 7 Aero graphics, VMware recommends the following configuration: CPU Intel Dual Core, 2.
Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements Optical CD-ROM/DVD-ROM Drives IDE and SCSI optical drives are supported. CD‐ROM and DVD‐ROM drives are supported. ISO disk image files are supported. Floppy Drives Virtual machines can connect to the host’s disk drives. Floppy disk image files are also supported. Local Area Networking You can use any Ethernet controller that the host operating system supports.
Workstation User’s Manual Windows Host Operating Systems Workstation supports the following Windows 32‐bit and 64‐bit host operating systems. Table 1-1.
Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements Linux Host Operating Systems Workstation supports the following Linux 32‐bit and 64‐bit distributions and kernels for the host operating systems. Workstation might not run on systems that do not meet these requirements. As newer Linux kernels and distributions are released, VMware modifies and tests its products for stability and reliability on those host platforms.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 1-2. Supported Linux Host Operating Systems (Continued) Operating System Type Operating System Edition 32‐bit openSUSE 11.2 openSUSE 11.1 openSUSE 11 openSUSE 10.3 openSUSE 10.2 (formerly known as SUSE Linux 10.2) Ubuntu Linux 9.04 Ubuntu Linux 8.10 Ubuntu Linux 8.04, 8.04.1, 8.04.2, 8.04.3 Ubuntu Linux 6.06 64‐bit Asianux Server 3 CentOS 5.2 CentOS 5.1 CentOS 5.
Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements Table 1-2. Supported Linux Host Operating Systems (Continued) Operating System Type Operating System Edition 64‐bit openSUSE 11.2 openSUSE 11.1 openSUSE 11 openSUSE 10.3 openSUSE 10.2 (formerly known as SUSE Linux 10.2) Ubuntu Linux 9.04 Ubuntu Linux 8.10 Ubuntu Linux 8.04, 8.04.1, 8.04.2, 8.04.3 Ubuntu Linux 6.06 Note: On 64‐bit Ubuntu 6.x hosts, some 32‐bit compatibility libraries are required. Specifically, 32‐bit glibc and X11 are required.
Workstation User’s Manual BIOS Phoenix BIOS 4.0 Release 6 with VESA BIOS Memory You can allocate up to 32GB of memory for a virtual machine, depending on host memory. No maximum limit for the total available for all virtual machines. Graphics VGA and SVGA are supported. IDE Drives Up to four devices—disks, CD‐ROM or DVD‐ROM (DVD drives can be used to read data DVD‐ROM discs; DVD video is not supported). Hard disks can be virtual disks or physical disks. IDE virtual disks up to 950GB.
Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements Floppy Drives Up to two 1.44MB floppy devices. Physical drives or floppy image files. Serial (COM) Ports Up to four serial (COM) ports. Output to serial ports, Windows or Linux files, or named pipes. Parallel (LPT) Ports Up to three bidirectional parallel (LPT) ports. Output to parallel ports or host operating system files. USB Ports USB 1.1 UHCI controller. USB 2.0 EHCI controller.
Workstation User’s Manual Ethernet Card Up to 10 virtual Ethernet cards. AMD PCnet‐PCI II compatible. For 64‐bit guests: Intel Pro/1000 MT Server Adapter compatible. Sound Sound output and input. Emulates Creative Labs Sound Blaster AudioPCI. (Does not support MIDI input or game port controller/joysticks.) Virtual Networking Support for 10 virtual Ethernet switches on Microsoft Windows host operating systems. Support for 255 virtual Ethernet switches on Linux hosts.
Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements Table 1-3.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 1-3.
Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements Table 1-3.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 1-3.
Chapter 1 Introduction and System Requirements Support for 64-Bit Guest Operating Systems Workstation supports virtual machines with 64‐bit guest operating systems only on host machines that have one of the supported 64‐bit processors. When you power on a virtual machine with a 64‐bit guest operating system, Workstation performs an internal check. If the host CPU is not a supported 64‐bit processor, you cannot power on the virtual machine.
Workstation User’s Manual 38 VMware, Inc.
2 Installing and Upgrading VMware Workstation 2 This chapter discusses how to install Workstation on your Linux or Windows host.
Workstation User’s Manual Workstation or VMware ACE serial number – Your serial number is on the registration card in your package. If you purchased Workstation or VMware ACE online, the serial number is sent by email. Your serial number allows you to use Workstation only on the host operating system for which you licensed the software. For example, if you have a serial number for a Windows host, you cannot run the software on a Linux host. You need one license for each user.
Chapter 2 Installing and Upgrading VMware Workstation After you complete the prerequisites and determine which computer you want to use for hosting Workstation, see the appropriate platform‐specific installation topic. Install Workstation on a Windows Host Before you begin, make sure you have the items listed in “Installation Prerequisites” on page 39. Although you can enter the serial number after installation, VMware recommends entering it at installation time.
Workstation User’s Manual 4 On the Setup Type page, select Typical unless you do not want to install the applicable Workstation IDE plug‐ins, or if you have Eclipse or Visual Studio installed in a non‐standard location. If you have Visual Studio or Eclipse installed, the installer installs an integrated virtual debugger. If you do not want a plug‐in installed, select the Custom setup, and select not to install that component.
Chapter 2 Installing and Upgrading VMware Workstation To install Workstation silently 1 Open a command prompt and enter the following command to silently extract the administrative installation image from the VMware Workstation installer: setup.exe /s /e setup.exe is the name of the installer on the installation media. If you are using a downloaded installer, the filename is similar to VMwareWorkstation-.
Workstation User’s Manual You can customize the installation further by using the format ="" to add any of the installation properties listed in Table 2‐2 to the command. A value of 1 means true. A value of 0 means false. If you use the serial number property, enter the serial number with hyphens (xxxxx‐xxxxx‐xxxxx‐xxxxx). Table 2-2. Property Values Property Effect of the Property Default Value DESKTOP_SHORTCUT Installs a shortcut on the desktop.
Chapter 2 Installing and Upgrading VMware Workstation Workstation for Linux requires that the parallel port PC‐style hardware option (CONFIG_PARPORT_PC) be built and loaded as a kernel module (that is, it must be set to m when the kernel is compiled). To use the Workstation Help system, you must have a Web browser installed on the host computer. The installation topic describes an installation from the installation media included in the Workstation media kit.
Workstation User’s Manual 5 Accept the VIX EULA to continue. 6 (Optional) If you are using the --console option or running a host that does not support the GUI installation do one of the following: To scroll through the VIX EULA, press spacebar and at the end of EULA the Do you agree? [yes/no] prompt appears. To exit the VIX EULA press q and the Do you agree? [yes/no] prompt appears. 7 (Optional) Enter the directory path to the Integrated Virtual Debugger for Eclipse if Eclipse is installed.
Chapter 2 Installing and Upgrading VMware Workstation Uninstall Workstation from a Linux Host When you uninstall Workstation 7.0, product licenses, preference settings, and virtual machines are not removed. A confirmation dialog box appears to check whether to remove or preserve your configurations.
Workstation User’s Manual If any virtual machines are suspended, resume them, shut down the guest operating systems, and power them off. If any virtual machines are running in the background, start them in Workstation and power them off. See “Start a Virtual Machine That Is Running in the Background” on page 149. Back up the virtual machines by making backup copies of all the files in the virtual machine directories. This includes .vmdk or .dsk files, .vmx or .cfg files, and .nvram files.
Chapter 2 Installing and Upgrading VMware Workstation 3 Reboot your computer if you are prompted to do so, and log in again as the Administrator user or as a user who is a member of the Windows Administrators group. 4 Follow the installation wizard prompts to complete the installation. 5 Reboot your computer if you are prompted to do so. You can now log in as you normally do. You do not need to log in as an Administrator now that Workstation is installed.
Workstation User’s Manual Upgrade Workstation 5.x on Windows XP to Workstation 7.0 on Windows Vista or Windows 7 As part of the upgrade, you must uninstall the Workstation 5.x application, however the Workstation 5.x virtual machines are not deleted. To upgrade Workstation 5.x on Windows XP to Workstation 7.0 on Windows Vista or Windows 7 1 On the Windows XP host, use the Control Panel’s Add/Remove Programs item to uninstall Workstation 5.x.
Chapter 2 Installing and Upgrading VMware Workstation Upgrade Workstation 6.x on Windows XP to Workstation 7.0 on Windows Vista or Windows 7 Before you begin, make sure that you have Windows XP with Service Pack 2. To upgrade Workstation 6.x from Windows XP to Windows Vista or Windows 7 1 Log in as the Administrator user or as a user who is a member of the Windows Administrators group. 2 Make sure that Workstation is not running and that no virtual machines are running in the background.
Workstation User’s Manual To upgrade Workstation on a Linux host 1 Run the Workstation bundle installer as you would for a new installation. 2 If you used bridged settings to map virtual networks to specific physical or virtual adapters, re‐create the mappings. Although Workstation 7.0 generally preserves network settings during the upgrade, it cannot preserve mappings created with Workstation 4, 5.x, or 6.x. 3 (Optional) To upgrade the virtual machines, use the Change Version wizard in Workstation 7.
3 Learning Workstation Basics 3 This chapter discusses launching the Workstation program and introduces the VMware Workstation window.
Workstation User’s Manual Start Workstation on a Linux Host Whether you can start Workstation from a Linux user interface depends on the Linux distribution. For example, on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.1, the VMware Workstation menu item is in the Applications > System Tools menu. You can always start Workstation from the command line. Although you must become root to install Workstation, you do not have to be root to start and run Workstation. To start Workstation on a Linux host 1 Open a terminal window.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics Figure 3-1. VMware Workstation Window menus toolbar tabs , sidebar status bar home page, summary, or console view message log The VMware Workstation window contains the following sections: Home page, summary, console, or appliance view – Main part of the window that shows the virtual machines. Tabs – Each open virtual machine has a tab. Click a tab to make that virtual machine active. Click the Close button to close the tab.
Workstation User’s Manual Home Page and Views Workstation displays one of four views in the main part of the window: the home page, the summary view, the console view, or the appliance view. Home Page Click the Home tab to display the Workstation home page. Use the icons on the home page to start creating a new virtual machine or open an existing virtual machine. To close the home page, click the X to the right of the tabs on a Windows host or the X on the tab on a Linux host.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics Figure 3-2. Summary View for a Virtual Machine on a Windows Host Summary View button The Commands section gives you access to the most‐often used commands from the VM menu. On Windows hosts, for ACE‐enabled virtual machines, this includes commands for creating security policies and virtual machine packages to deploy to end users, as well as a command for previewing the ACE‐enabled virtual machine in VMware Player.
Workstation User’s Manual Console View The console view for an active virtual machine is like the monitor display of a physical computer. Figure 3-3. Console View on a Windows Host Console View button When a virtual machine is active, the name of the virtual machine or team of virtual machines appears in a tab at the top of the console. To switch from the active virtual machine or team, click the tab of another virtual machine or team.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics Displaying Multiple Virtual Machines at the Same Time To simultaneously view more than one virtual machine when they are not all on the same team, open multiple Workstation windows and launch one or more virtual machines in each Workstation window. Use a team of virtual machines to coordinate and use multiple virtual machines within a single console window. See “Summary and Console Views for Teams and Their Virtual Machines” on page 276.
Workstation User’s Manual Power On or Resume – Powers on a selected virtual machine or team that is powered off, or resumes a virtual machine or team that is suspended. See “Starting a Virtual Machine” on page 148, “Power On a Team” on page 279, and “Using the Suspend and Resume Features” on page 201. Reset – Resets a virtual machine or team like the reset button on a physical PC. See “Configure Power Off and Reset Options for a Virtual Machine” on page 152.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics The Replay toolbar contains the following buttons: Replay Last Recording – Plays the last recording made for this virtual machine. Record – Begins recording the activity of this virtual machine. For information about the record/replay feature, see Chapter 12, “Recording and Replaying Virtual Machine Activity,” on page 257. The ACE toolbar, which is available on Windows hosts only, contains the following buttons: Edit Policies – Opens the policy editor.
Workstation User’s Manual Customize the Toolbar on a Windows Host You can customize the Workstation toolbar by adding, removing, and rearranging toolbar buttons. To customize the toolbar on a Windows host 1 Right‐click any part of the toolbar to display a Toolbar menu. 2 Click Power, Snapshot, ACE, View, or Replay to add or remove that toolbar. When a toolbar is checked, it appears in the interface.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics Favorites List in the Sidebar The Favorites list lets you organize and access frequently used items. The Favorites list provides the following benefits: Fast access – Quickly access frequently used items. With your virtual machines and teams on the Favorites list, you can open them without browsing the host file system. Also like browser bookmarks, Favorites list icons can be organized in folders, added, rearranged, or deleted.
Workstation User’s Manual Right‐click commands – Right‐click on a Favorites icon to display a menu of commands you can use for that virtual machine or team. You can click elsewhere in the Favorites list (that is, not on a virtual machine or team) to display a context menu from which you can choose to create a new virtual machine, team, or folder.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics Rename an Item in the Favorites List Renaming an item in the Favorites list also renames the virtual machine or team. To rename a Favorite list entry for a virtual machine or a team 1 Right‐click the Favorites item to rename. 2 Choose Rename from the context menu. 3 Type the new name for the item and press Enter. Powered On List This list in the sidebar enables you to find out which virtual machines or teams are currently powered on.
Workstation User’s Manual Quickly Create a Virtual Machine and Install an Operating System The instructions in this section get you started quickly with creating a virtual machine and installing a guest operating system. After you create a virtual machine, you will find the information in the rest of this chapter easier to understand. The instructions tell you to accept the default settings so that you can complete the New Virtual Machine wizard quickly. The purpose is to learn about Workstation.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics The console view for the virtual machine appears. Soon the boot device (such as the CD‐ROM) is detected and installation of the operating system begins. On Windows 2000 guests, if you entered a password when completing the New Virtual Machine wizard, then when the operating system starts up, it might prompt you to enter an Administrator password. Use the password that you created when completing the New Virtual Machine wizard.
Workstation User’s Manual Hot Keys tab – Lets you specify the key combination that is used with hot‐key sequences for all your virtual machines. Use hot‐key combinations to enter and leave full screen mode, ungrab mouse and keyboard input, and so on. See “Keyboard Shortcuts” on page 72. Display tab – Lets you adjust the manner in which the console and the host display accommodate a different guest operating system display resolution.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics Introduction to Virtual Machine Settings Workstation configures a new virtual machine based on the guest operating system you select in the New Virtual Machine wizard. After the virtual machine is created, you can use the virtual machine settings editor to change many configuration options set by the wizard. The virtual machine settings editor appears when you select a virtual machine and choose VM > Settings.
Workstation User’s Manual When you select an item in the Hardware list, the options that correspond to the item appear on the right side of the dialog box. For example, in Figure 3‐6, memory options appear because the Memory item is selected. Topics and chapters related to each of the virtual devices in the Hardware list are provided later in this manual. To display online help for an item you select in the Hardware list, click Help.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics Figure 3-7. Virtual Machine Settings Options Tab General options The settings for the virtual machine Options tab are discussed later in this manual, in the task‐specific topics and procedures where you would use them. To display online help for an item you select in the Options list, click Help.
Workstation User’s Manual To avoid receiving a prompt every time you exit Workstation or close a virtual machine or team, set a preference for virtual machines to always run in the background when you exit. Set a Virtual Machine to Run in the Background You can set a virtual machine that is powered on to continue running in the background when you close a virtual machine or team tab, or when you exit Workstation. You can still interact with it through VNC or another service.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics By default, most hot‐key combinations include Ctrl+Alt, but you can change this combination. See “Change the Hot‐Key Combination” on page 74. If you change the Preferences setting for the hot‐key combination, substitute your new setting for Ctrl+Alt as needed in the shortcuts listed in Table 3‐2. For example, if you change the hot‐key combination to Ctrl+Shift+Alt, you must press Ctrl+Shift+Alt+spacebar to have Workstation not process a command. Table 3-2.
Workstation User’s Manual Change the Hot-Key Combination Hot‐key combinations, or shortcut keys, are key combinations you press to interact with virtual machines. For a list of actions you can invoke by using hot keys, see Table 3‐2. By default, most hot‐key combinations include Ctrl+Alt, but you can change this combination. For example, you can change the setting so that all hot‐key combinations use Ctrl+Shift+Alt.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics Gathering Information for VMware Technical Support When you need help from VMware technical support, VMware recommends that you create a support request. For some problems, the representative will ask you to turn on debugging, run a script to collect log files, and send the logs to VMware. Register and Create a Support Request Before you can report problems to the VMware support team, you must register for a VMware account. Before you begin, locate the serial number.
Workstation User’s Manual 5 Select from the Gather debugging information drop‐down menu or the Log virtual machine progress periodically check box, as directed by VMware technical support. Using full debugging mode and logging progress periodically cause a decrease in performance. 6 In the File locations section, note the directory path to the log file. To view the complete path, click in the read‐only text box and use the right arrow key to scroll through the path. 7 Click OK.
Chapter 3 Learning Workstation Basics Before you begin, create a support request. See “Register and Create a Support Request” on page 75. Increase the level of logging, as described in “Gather Debugging Information for a Virtual Machine” on page 75. Make sure that the latest VMware Tools is installed in the virtual machines to collect support data from the guest and that the virtual machines are powered on. To run the support script from the Workstation user interface 1 Select Help > Collect Support Data.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 Run the support script: cscript vm-support.vbs After the script runs, it displays the name of the directory where it has stored its output. 4 Use a file compression utility such as WinZip or PKZIP to zip the script output directory, and include the zip file with your support request. If you are reporting a problem you encountered while installing VMware Workstation, also include the installation log file. On a Windows host, the file is VMInst.log.
4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine 4 This chapter describes how to create a virtual machine by using the New Virtual Machine wizard. It also provides general information about installing guest operating systems.
Workstation User’s Manual Clone a virtual machine from an existing VMware virtual machine or virtual machine template. Clones are useful when you must deploy many identical virtual machines to a group. Cloning is preferable to copying a virtual machine because a clone’s MAC address and UUID are different from the original virtual machine, to avoid network conflicts. Use the Clone Virtual Machine wizard to create a clone. See “Cloning a Virtual Machine” on page 219.
Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine If you specify an installer disc (DVD or CD) or ISO image file and if the wizard detects an operating system that supports the easy install feature, you are prompted to supply the following information: For Windows guests: (Optional) Windows product key – If you specify a product key, you are not prompted for it later, during installation of the operating system.
Workstation User’s Manual Typical Compared to Custom Configurations The New Virtual Machine wizard prompts you to choose between doing a typical configuration and a custom configuration.
Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine Guest Operating System Selection If you specify that the source media for installing the operating system is Installer disc or Installer disc image file and if the wizard can detect the operating system, you might not see a wizard page for selecting the operating system.
Workstation User’s Manual Virtual machine performance might be slower if your virtual hard disk is on a network drive. For best performance, be sure the virtual machine’s folder is on a local drive. However, if other users need to access this virtual machine, consider placing the virtual machine files in a location that is accessible to them. See “Sharing Virtual Machines with Other Users” on page 227.
Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine Memory Allocation This option is available for custom configurations or if you click Customize Hardware on the last page of the New Virtual Machine wizard. A color‐coded icon corresponds to each value. To use one of these amounts, move the slider to the corresponding icon. The high end of the range that appears is determined by the amount of memory allocated to all running virtual machines.
Workstation User’s Manual I/O Adapter Types This option is available for custom configurations only. An IDE and a SCSI adapter are installed in the virtual machine. The IDE adapter is always ATAPI. For the SCSI adapter, you can choose BusLogic, LSI Logic, or LSI Logic SAS. BusLogic and LSI Logic adapters have parallel interfaces. LSI Logic SAS has a serial interface. The default for your guest operating system is already selected.
Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine Normal and Independent Disk Modes The option to select normal or independent mode is available on Linux hosts for custom configurations only. Normal mode means you want to include disks in any snapshots you take. If you do not want data on the disk to be recorded when you take a snapshot of the virtual machine, you can configure the disk to be independent.
Workstation User’s Manual Disk Capacity The wizard prompts you to set a size between 0.1GB and 950GB for a virtual disk. On Windows hosts, the Pocket ACE size calculator control can help determine the disk size for an ACE instance that fits on a portable device. Select the option Split virtual disk into 2 GB files if your virtual disk is stored on a file system that does not support files larger than 2GB. For custom configurations, you are also given the option Allocate all disk space now.
Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine Use the New Virtual Machine Wizard The New Virtual Machine wizard guides you through the key steps for setting up a new virtual machine, helping you set various options and parameters. Many of the settings you specify in the New Virtual Machine can be changed later, if necessary. You can use the virtual machine settings editor if you need to make changes after the initial creation. (From the menu bar, choose VM > Settings.
Workstation User’s Manual Installation Requirements for the ESX Guest Operating System You can use the easy install feature to install ESX 4.0 and ESXi 4.0 guests on Workstation. Before you begin, make sure you fulfill the following requirements: Hardware‐assisted virtualization must be enabled for the ESX 4.0 and ESXi 4.0 guests. The host system must have Intel EM64T processors with VT‐x or AMD64 Family 10H and later processors with AMD‐V.
Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine 2 If you are using CDs or DVDs and are prompted to insert the next CD or DVD, use the CD or DVD drive attached to the host. 3 If you are using image files and are prompted to insert the next disc, do the following: On Windows hosts, click Change Disk, browse to the image file for the next CD, and click OK.
Workstation User’s Manual To install a guest operating system manually 1 Start Workstation. 2 Do one of the following so that the virtual machine can access the installation media for the guest operating system: For a CD or DVD, if necessary, configure the virtual machine to use the host’s CD‐ROM/DVD drive, and insert the operating system media in the drive. In some host configurations, the virtual machine cannot boot from the installation CD‐ROM.
Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine Use a Paravirtualized Kernel in Linux Guests Since 2005, VMware has been collaborating with the Linux community to develop a common paravirtualization interface. In 2006, VMware released its VMI specification as an open specification. It allows VMware virtual machines to support various paravirtualized operating systems from popular Linux distributions. Before you begin, obtain installation media (CD or ISO image) for the operating system.
Workstation User’s Manual Upgrade a Guest Operating System When you use the New Virtual Machine wizard to create a virtual machine, one of the settings you specify is the guest operating system type and version. Workstation chooses configuration defaults based on the guest type and version you choose. If you upgrade a guest operating system to a newer version, also update the guest operating system version for the virtual machine.
Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine Consider the following when changing the virtual hardware version of a virtual machine: For Workstation 4, 5.x, 6, 6.5 and 7.0 virtual machines, you can change the version of the original virtual machine or create a full clone, so that the original remains unaltered. For Workstation 4 virtual machines, Workstation changes the original virtual machine. If you upgrade a Workstation 4 or 5.
Workstation User’s Manual 6 Power on the virtual machine. If you upgrade a virtual machine that contains a Windows 98 operating system to a Workstation 6.5 or 7.0 virtual machine, you are prompted to install a PCI‐PCI bridge driver when you power on the virtual machine. Because Workstation 6.5 and 7.0 has 32 more PCI‐PCI bridges than Workstation 6, you might need to respond to the prompt 32 or 33 times.
Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine You can run older versions of virtual machines in Workstation 7.0, but you will not have the benefits of the new features of Workstation 7.0. For more information about compatibility between VMware products, see the VMware Virtual Machine Mobility Planning Guide. If you decide not to upgrade a virtual machine, you still need to upgrade VMware Tools to the new version.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 4-1. Virtual Machine Files (Continued) Extension File Name Description .vmdk .vmdk VMDK files, which store the contents of the virtual machine’s hard disk drive. A virtual disk is made up of one or more virtual disk (.vmdk) files. The virtual machine settings editor shows the name of the first file in the set. This file contains pointers to the other files in the set.
Chapter 4 Creating and Upgrading a Virtual Machine Table 4-1. Virtual Machine Files (Continued) Extension File Name Description .vmsd .vmsd A centralized file for storing information and metadata about snapshots. .vmsn -Snapshot.vmsn The snapshot state file, which stores the running state of a virtual machine at the time you take that snapshot. -Snapshot<###>.vmsn The file that stores the state of a snapshot. .
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5 Installing and Using VMware Tools 5 This chapter discusses how to install, update, and run VMware Tools.
Workstation User’s Manual VMware Tools Service The program file is called vmtoolsd.exe on Windows guest operating systems and vmtoolsd on Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris guests. This service starts when the guest operating system boots and performs various duties within the guest operating system: Passes messages from the host operating system to the guest operating system.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools The Virtual Machine Communication Interface (VMCI) driver for creating client‐server applications that are optimized for fast and efficient communication between virtual machines. A paravirtual SCSI driver for PVSCSI adapters, which enhance the performance of some virtualized applications. VMware User Process The program file is called VMwareUser.exe on Windows guests and vmware-user on Linux, Solaris, and FreeBSD guests.
Workstation User’s Manual VMware Tools Control Panel The VMware Tools control panel lets you modify settings, shrink virtual disks, and connect and disconnect virtual devices. See “Open the VMware Tools Control Panel” on page 119. Installing VMware Tools The installers for VMware Tools are stored with Workstation as ISO image files. Workstation downloads the most recent version of these files from a VMware Web site.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools Make sure the virtual CD‐ROM drive is configured to auto‐detect a physical drive. This task is necessary if you connected the virtual machine’s CD drive to an ISO image file when you installed the operating system. Change the connection from the ISO image to auto‐detect a physical drive. (With the virtual machine powered off, choose VM > Settings > CD/DVD > Use Physical Drive > Auto‐detect.
Workstation User’s Manual A Notebook window, the Display Properties/Settings dialog box, and a message box appear, prompting you to reboot the machine. To configure the video driver on older versions of Windows 1 In the message box that prompts you to reboot, click No. If you click Yes, after the virtual machine reboots, run the VMware Tools installer again (choose VM > Reinstall VMware Tools). Select the Repair option.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools To automate the installation of VMware Tools in a Windows guest 1 2 Make sure the virtual machine’s CD‐ROM drive is connected to the VMware Tools ISO image and that it is configured to connect whenever you power on the virtual machine: a Select the virtual machine and choose VM > Settings > Hardware > CD‐ROM. b In the Device status section, select the Connect at Power On check box.
Workstation User’s Manual For Windows 7: 3 a On the Start menu, right‐click Computer and choose Properties. b Select Advanced system settings > Hardware > Device Installation Settings > No, let me choose what to do > Never install driver software from Windows Update. c Click Save Changes. d Click OK in the System Properties dialog box. Open a command prompt and use the following command to install some or all of the VMware Tools components: msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools For example, to install everything but the shared folders driver, type the following on the command line: msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.msi" ADDLOCAL=ALL REMOVE=Hgfs /qn The SVGA, Mouse, BusLogic, VMXnet, and MemCtl features are children of the Drivers feature. This means that the following command skips installation of the SVGA, mouse, BusLogic, vmxnet, and MemCtl drivers: msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.
Workstation User’s Manual 5 If a previous installation exists, delete the previous vmware-tools-distrib directory. The location of this directory depends on where you placed it during the previous installation. Often it is placed in /tmp/vmware-tools-distrib. 6 Uncompress the installer: tar zxpf /mnt/cdrom/VMwareTools--.tar.gz The value is the product version number and is the build number of the product release. 7 If necessary, unmount the CD‐ROM image.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools Install VMware Tools in a Solaris Guest Before you begin, make sure the virtual machine is powered on and the guest operating system is running. To install VMware Tools in a Solaris guest 1 On the host, select VM > Install VMware Tools. If an earlier version of VMware Tools is installed, the menu item is Update VMware Tools. If the current version is installed, the menu item is Reinstall VMware Tools. 2 On the guest, log in as root.
Workstation User’s Manual Install VMware Tools in a FreeBSD Guest Before you begin, make sure the virtual machine is powered on and the guest operating system is running. To install VMware Tools in a FreeBSD guest 1 On the host, select VM > Install VMware Tools. If an earlier version of VMware Tools is installed, the menu item is Update VMware Tools. If the current version is installed, the menu item is Reinstall VMware Tools. 2 Make sure the guest operating system is running in text mode.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools 10 (Optional) Start your graphical environment. 11 In an X terminal, to start the VMware User process, enter the following command: vmware-user In minimal installations of the FreeBSD 4.5 guest operating system, sometimes VMware Tools does not start. To change the default VMware Tools configuration options, see “Open the VMware Tools Control Panel” on page 119.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 In the system console, enter one of the following: For NetWare 5.1, 6.0, or 6.5: vmwtools:\setup.ncf For NetWare 4.2: vmwtools:\setup When the installation finishes, the message VMware Tools for NetWare are now running appears in the Logger Screen (NetWare 6.5 and NetWare 6.0 guests) or the Console Screen (NetWare 4.2 and 5.1 guests). 4 If you have a NetWare 4.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools To start the VMware User process manually if you do not use a session manager Do one of the following: To have vmware-user start when you start an X session, add vmware-user to the appropriate X startup script, such as the .xsession or .xinitrc file. The vmware-user program is located in the directory where you selected to install binary programs, which defaults to /usr/bin. The startup script that needs to be modified depends on your particular system.
Workstation User’s Manual An auto‐update check is performed as part of the boot sequence when you power on a virtual machine. If the virtual machine was suspended and you resume it or restore it to a snapshot during the boot sequence before this check occurs, the automatic update occurs as planned. If you resume the virtual machine or restore it to a snapshot after the auto‐update check occurs, the automatic update does not occur.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools 4 For each of your virtual machines, do the following: a Select the virtual machine. b Select VM > Settings. c Click the Options tab and select Tools. d Verify that the virtual machine is set to use the global preference and click OK. Set VMware Tools Update Options for Each Virtual Machine Use this procedure to override global settings for automatically updating VMware Tools on Linux and Windows guests.
Workstation User’s Manual To update VMware Tools in older Windows virtual machines 1 To uninstall the old version of VMware Tools, use the Add/Remove Programs item in the guest’s Control Panel. 2 To install the new version of VMware Tools, see “Installing VMware Tools” on page 104. Uninstall VMware Tools Occasionally, an update of VMware Tools is incomplete. You can usually solve the problem by uninstalling VMware Tools and then reinstalling.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools To repair or change installed modules 1 In Workstation, select the virtual machine and choose VM > Reinstall VMware Tools. 2 On the Welcome page, click Next and do one of the following: Click Change to repair or modify which modules of VMware Tools are installed. Click Modify to specify which modules are installed. Occasionally, some new modules are not installed during an update. You can manually install new modules by using the Modify option.
Workstation User’s Manual Use the Windows Control Panel to Display the Taskbar Icon If VMware Tools is installed in a Windows guest operating system but the VMware Tools icon does not appear in the notification area of the Windows taskbar, you can use the Windows Control Panel to display it. To use the Windows Control Panel to display the taskbar icon 1 Go to Start > Control Panel. 2 Double‐click the VMware Tools icon. 3 On the Options tab, select Show VMware Tools in the taskbar and click Apply.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools Notify if update is available – (Windows guests only) Displays the VMware Tools icon with a yellow caution icon when an update is available. Update button – (Windows guests only) Becomes enabled when an update is available. Clicking this button has the same effect as choosing VM > Update VMware Tools from the Workstation menu bar.
Workstation User’s Manual Devices Tab Settings The Devices tab of the VMware Tools control panel provides options for enabling and connecting to removable devices such as floppy drives, DVD/CD‐ROM drives, ISO images, USB devices, sound adapters, and network adapters. By default, floppy drive is not connected when the virtual machine powers on. The controls for connecting and disconnecting devices might not be available, depending on whether your system administrator enabled them.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools Shrink Tab Settings The Shrink tab of the VMware Tools control panel provides options for reclaiming unused space in a virtual disk. If your virtual machine cannot be shrunk, this tab displays information explaining why you cannot shrink your virtual disks. Shrinking a disk is a two‐step process: a preparation step and the shrink step.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 5-3. vmwtool Commands vmwtool Command Description help Displays a summary of VMware Tools commands and options in a NetWare guest. partitonlist Displays a list of all disk partitions in the virtual disk and whether or not a partition can be shrunk. shrink [] Shrinks the listed partitions. If no partitions are specified, all partitions in the virtual disk are shrunk. The status of the shrink process appears at the bottom of the system console.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools Customizations to VMware Tools Customizations include modifying or writing scripts that run when a virtual machine’s power state changes, executing commands when you shut down or restart a Linux, Solaris, or FreeBSD guest, and passing commands in strings that run in startup scripts.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 5-4. Default VMware Tools Scripts Script Name Description poweroff-vm-default If you configured the power‐off operation to shut down the guest, this script runs when the virtual machine is being powered off. If you configured the reset operation to restart the guest, this script runs when the virtual machine is being reset. This script has no effect on networking for the virtual machine.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools Before creating custom scripts, make sure that the following conditions are met in the guest operating system: The virtual machine is using the latest version of VMware Tools. The VMware Tools service is running in the virtual machine. Depending on the operation the script performs, the virtual machine has a virtual network adapter connected. If not, the power operation fails.
Workstation User’s Manual Run or Disable a Script If you are creating a custom script, run the script before associating it with a power operation. To run or disable a script 1 On the Scripts tab of the VMware Tools control panel, select the appropriate script event. 2 Do one of the following: To disable the script, clear the Use Script check box and click OK. Default scripts for suspending and resuming work together.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools Passing a String from the Host to the Guest at Startup To pass a string from the host to the guest at startup, you pass the string from your virtual machine’s configuration file in the host to the guest operating system when you power on the virtual machine. You can pass items like the Windows system ID (SID), a machine name, or an IP address. Inside the guest operating system startup script, you can have the service retrieve this string.
Workstation User’s Manual To prevent a string from being passed from the host to the guest through the service, set the following line in your virtual machine’s configuration file: isolation.tools.getMachineID.disable = "TRUE" String in a Startup Command Rather than setting the machine.id parameter in the configuration file, you can pass the string to the guest operating system from the command line when you power on the virtual machine.
Chapter 5 Installing and Using VMware Tools To use a string in a startup script to set a name and IP address 1 Define the string by using one of the following methods: On the host machine, add the following line to your virtual machine’s configuration file (.vmx file): machine.id = "W2K-VM 148.30.16.24" Open the virtual machine using this configuration file.
Workstation User’s Manual Use the VMware Tools Service Command-Line Interface The VMware Tools command‐line interface enables you to do the following: Configure time synchronization in your Linux guest operating system without running X. Upgrade and uninstall VMware Tools, determine the version, and so on. To use the VMware Tools command-line interface 1 On the guest operating system, change directories to the directory that contains the VMware Tools daemon.
6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine 6 This chapter describes how to convert a physical machine, virtual machine, or system image to a VMware virtual machine. On Windows hosts, you can convert a virtual machine that was created by using a third‐party product.
Workstation User’s Manual Use virtual machines or system images created with products from other companies such as Norton, Symantec, and StorageCraft. Convert virtual appliances that use open virtualization format (OVF). Workstation provides three ways to convert a virtual machine or system image: Using the File > Open command converts and opens a virtual machine or system image quickly. Workstation uses default settings to make the conversion automatically, with no input required from you.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine VMware Converter Compared to the Conversion Wizard Workstation 7.0 incorporates the Conversion wizard from the VMware Converter product. VMware Converter is a separate downloadable application for Windows hosts that provides an easy‐to‐use, scalable solution for migrations of machines, both physical to virtual and virtual to virtual.
Workstation User’s Manual ESX Server 2.5.x (if the virtual machine is managed with VirtualCenter 2.x) VMware Server 1.x and 2.0. x (if the virtual machine is on the local file system) VirtualCenter 2.x Virtual appliances Appliances that use open virtualization format (.ovf and .ova files) and that use VMware virtual hard disks (.vmdk files). Other virtual machines and system images Acronis True Image 9 (.tib files) StorageCraft ShadowProtect (.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine Microsoft Virtual PC and Virtual Server Virtual Hard Disks As of Workstation 7.0, a converted virtual machine can share the source Microsoft virtual hard disk (.vhd files). This means that the VMware virtual machine can write directly to the original .vhd files instead of VMware virtual hard disk (.vmdk) files.
Workstation User’s Manual NOTE When you use a URL, the virtual appliance is downloaded before the conversion process starts. Downloading can take 15 minutes or longer, depending on the size of the file. The Conversion wizard always makes a full clone when it converts an OVF appliance to a virtual machine. See “Full or Linked Clones” on page 139. Dual-Boot System Source When you import a physical machine that is part of a dual‐boot system, you can import only the default operating system to which boot.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine Supported Volume Types Some types of source volumes, or partitions, are unsupported and are skipped during cloning. Virtual machine importing supports basic volumes and all types of dynamic volumes except RAID. Only Master Boot Record (MBR) disks are supported. GUID Partition Table (GPT) disks are not supported.
Workstation User’s Manual Supported Destinations The Conversion wizard can create virtual machines that are compatible with the following products: Workstation 4.5, 5.x, 6.x, and 7.0 VMware ACE 1.x, 2.x, and 2.6 VMware Fusion 1.x, 2.x, and 3.0 VMware Player 1.x, 2.x, and 3.0 ESX Server 3.x (This destination is not supported if you are importing a remote physical machine.) ESX Server 2.5.x (This destination is supported only by importing through a VirtualCenter 2.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine Name of the host, cluster, or resource pool within a host or cluster from which the virtual machine is to be run. If you select a cluster in manual mode, you must also choose a specific host. Name of the datastore for the virtual machine’s configuration files and disks. Use the advanced setting to distribute the virtual machine’s disks over multiple datastores.
Workstation User’s Manual Network information Network adapter (interfaces) – Reset to default or make changes. DHCP – Choose between using DHCP to obtain IP addresses or entering them manually. You can also use DHCP to obtain a DNS server address or enter it manually. DNS – Enter DNS suffixes and customize their order to specify the order in which a virtual machine uses them to make connections. WINS – Specify primary and secondary WINS addresses.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine Migration Issues Caused by Hardware Changes Most migrated applications function correctly in the VMware virtual machine because their configuration and data files have the same location as the source virtual machine. However, applications might not work if they depend on specific characteristics of the underlying hardware such as the serial number or the device manufacturer.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 Click Open. Workstation creates a VMware virtual machine, with a VMware configuration file (.vmx) for the converted virtual machine or system image. The converted virtual machine links to the virtual disks of the original virtual machine or system image unless the source uses open virtualization format (.ovf or .ova files). The original Virtual PC, Symantec Backup Exec System Recovery, or StorageCraft configuration (.vmc, .spf, or .sv2i) file is unchanged.
Chapter 6 Creating a Virtual Machine from a System Image or Another Virtual Machine Import a Windows XP Mode Virtual Machine When you import a Windows XP Mode virtual machine, Workstation creates a linked clone from the parent virtual machine. You cannot use the linked clone if you delete the parent Windows XP Mode virtual machine. For more information on cloning, see “Cloning a Virtual Machine” on page 219.
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7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines 7 This chapter includes the following topics: “Starting a Virtual Machine” on page 148 “Shut Down a Virtual Machine” on page 151 “Download Components” on page 153 “Pausing a Virtual Machine” on page 154 “Encrypting a Virtual Machine” on page 155 “Delete a Virtual Machine” on page 158 “Controlling the Virtual Machine Display” on page 158 “Configuring Video and Sound” on page 172 “Install New Software in a Virtual Machine” on page 1
Workstation User’s Manual Starting a Virtual Machine Starting a virtual machine means displaying its running console so that you can interact with it. Depending on the situation, starting a virtual machine can involve any of the following: To start a virtual machine from the Workstation user interface, you must open the virtual machine and power it on. To start a virtual machine that is running in the background when Workstation is not running, you must open its console from the taskbar on the host.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines 4 Click anywhere inside the virtual machine console to give the virtual machine control of your mouse and keyboard. 5 To log on to the operating system in the virtual machine, type your name and password just as you would on a physical computer. Start a Virtual Machine That Is Running in the Background If you do not power off a virtual machine when you exit Workstation, the virtual machine continues to run in the background.
Workstation User’s Manual To start a virtual machine by using VM streaming 1 Open a command prompt or terminal window. 2 Use the platform‐specific command with the URL of the virtual machine: On Windows hosts, use vmware.exe http://.vmx. On Linux hosts, use vmware http://.vmx. HTTPS is also supported. 3 When a tab for the virtual machine opens in the Workstation window, choose VM > Power > Power On.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines On Linux hosts, Workstation stores virtual machines in: /vmware/ Here is the home directory of the user who is logged in at the time the virtual machine is created. The working directory is also where Workstation stores suspended state (.vmss), snapshot (.vmsn), and redo log files. The General tab of the virtual machine settings editor displays the path to the working directory.
Workstation User’s Manual Configure Power Off and Reset Options for a Virtual Machine You can configure the Power Off toolbar button to power off the virtual machine abruptly or to send a signal that gracefully shuts down the guest operating system. Before you begin, make sure VMware Tools is installed in the guest operating system. To perform a graceful shutdown, the VMware Tools service component issues a Shutdown Guest command and runs a script to shut down gracefully.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines Download Components Workstation lists the components that must be installed to improve the user experience of the product. Before you begin, upgrade to the latest version of Workstation. Check to make sure you have network connectivity. 1 Power on the virtual machine. The Software Updates dialog box appears with a list of components ready for download.
Workstation User’s Manual 5 Power on and log in to the virtual machine. If you have not downloaded the component yet, VMware recommends that you do so at this time. On Windows, an info bar appears to remind you to install the component. If the component you downloaded is a new or upgraded version of VMware Tools, click either Update Tools, Install Tools, or Re‐install Tools and proceed with your installation based on your guest operating system requirements.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines If you take a snapshot when the virtual machine is paused, the virtual machine is not paused when you restore that snapshot. Similarly, if you suspend a virtual machine while it is paused, it is not paused when you resume the virtual machine. If you initiate soft power operations when a virtual machine is paused, those operations do not take effect until the virtual machine is unpaused.
Workstation User’s Manual Restrictions on Encryption The encryption feature has the following restrictions: A virtual machine must be powered off before you can add or remove encryption, or change the encryption password. The encryption feature works only with virtual machines of virtual hardware version 5.x or later. You can create a linked clone from an encrypted virtual machine, but you cannot encrypt or remove encryption from a virtual machine that is the parent of a linked clone.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines To encrypt a virtual machine 1 Select VM > Settings. 2 Click the Options tab, and select Encryption. 3 Select Encrypt. 4 Enter the password, and enter the password again to confirm it. Be sure to record the password. 5 Select Encrypt. Remove Encryption from a Virtual Machine Removing encryption from a virtual machine authorizes users who log in to the host with your credentials to start the virtual machine.
Workstation User’s Manual Delete a Virtual Machine You can use a Workstation command to delete a virtual machine and all of its files from the host file system. If, instead of deleting the virtual machine altogether, you want to remove it from the Favorites list or from a team, see “Remove an Item from the Favorites List” on page 64 or “Remove a Virtual Machine from a Team” on page 277.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines You can use keyboard shortcuts to copy, cut, and paste images, plain text, formatted text, and email attachments between applications on your host machine and virtual machine applications displayed in Unity mode. You can also drag and drop and copy and paste files between host and guest. See “Using the Copy and Paste Feature” on page 189 and “Using the Drag‐and‐Drop Feature” on page 187.
Workstation User’s Manual To help distinguish between the application windows that belong to various virtual machines, you can give them different colors. For example, you can set the applications for one virtual machine to have a blue border and set the applications for another virtual machine to have a yellow border. You can also set a Workstation preference to minimize the Workstation window when you enter Unity mode. To set preferences for Unity mode 1 Select the virtual machine.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines Enter and Exit Unity Mode In Unity mode, a virtual machine’s applications look like other application windows on the host, except that they have a colored window border and a VMware logo in the window’s title bar. Before you begin, make sure the virtual machine meets these requirements: The virtual machine must be a Workstation 6.x or higher virtual machine. VMware Tools must be installed and running in the virtual machine’s guest operating system.
Workstation User’s Manual To access a virtual machine’s Start or Applications menu in Unity mode 1 To enter Unity mode, power on a virtual machine, open one or more applications, and choose View > Unity from the Workstation menu bar. 2 To display the virtual machine’s Start or Applications menu on the host, do one of the following: Point to the Start menu on Windows hosts or to the upper‐left corner of the primary monitor on Linux hosts. Press Ctrl+Shift+U.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines 3 Choose View > Full Screen. If you cannot enter full screen mode when the guest’s display mode is smaller than the host’s display mode, try adding the following line to the virtual machine’s configuration (.vmx) file: mks.maxRefreshRate=1000 For more information about the configuration file, see “Files That Make Up a Virtual Machine” on page 97.
Workstation User’s Manual Set Preferences for Autofit, Full Screen Mode, and Unity Mode You can set preferences for how the display settings of all virtual machines adjust to fit the Workstation window. These adjustments occur when you resize the Workstation window or when you change the display settings inside the guest. You can also configure how the host and guest display settings interact when you enter full screen mode and Unity mode.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines Use Quick Switch Mode In quick switch mode, the virtual machine’s screen is resized to fill the screen completely, except for the space that the tabs occupy. Before you begin, make sure the guest operating system has VMware Tools installed. See “Installing VMware Tools” on page 104. Quick switch mode is similar to full screen mode with the addition of tabs at the top of the screen for switching from one virtual machine to another.
Workstation User’s Manual To use exclusive mode 1 Select the virtual machine. 2 Make sure the virtual machine is powered on. 3 If you have multiple monitors, move the Workstation window onto the monitor you want to use. 4 Press Ctrl+Alt+Enter. 5 On the full screen toolbar, do one of the following: 6 On Windows hosts, click the Workstation icon to display the system menu and choose Exclusive Mode. On Linux hosts, click the View menu on the full screen toolbar and choose Exclusive Mode.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines On the host, the display settings for monitors must be set in a compatible topology. For example, the left‐most monitor cannot be placed lower than any other monitor in the display topology. It does not matter if the monitors have different resolutions or orientations. When entering full screen mode, the monitor that contains the Workstation window cannot be lower than another monitor.
Workstation User’s Manual Similarly, if the host has one monitor and you suspend the virtual machine and change the host to have two monitors, when you resume the virtual machine, it is still configured to use one monitor. You must restart the virtual machine to detect the new settings. You might want to set a specific number of monitors if, for example, you are writing an application to be displayed on multiple monitors but the host you are using has only one monitor.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines Use Multiple Monitors for Multiple Virtual Machines If your host has a multiple‐monitor display, you can run a different virtual machine on each monitor. Before you begin, make sure the guest operating system has VMware Tools installed. See “Installing VMware Tools” on page 104. To use multiple monitors for multiple virtual machines 1 To open multiple Workstation windows, choose File > New > Window.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 7-1. Autofit and Fit Commands View Menu Command Description Autofit Window Causes the Workstation console to maintain the size of the virtual machine’s display resolution. If the guest operating system changes its resolution, the Workstation console resizes to match the new resolution. Autofit Guest Causes the virtual machine to resize the guest display resolution to match the size of the Workstation console.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines All the restrictions for resizing that the X11 Windows system imposes on physical hosts apply to guests: You cannot resize to a mode that is not defined. The VMware Tools configuration script can add a large number of mode lines, but you cannot resize in 1‐pixel increments as you can in Windows. VMware Tools adds modelines in 100‐pixel increments. This means you cannot resize a guest larger than the largest mode defined in your X11 configuration file.
Workstation User’s Manual Use one of the following strategies to work around this problem with nonstandard resolutions: If your host computer’s screen resolution is high enough, you can enlarge the window and choose Fit Guest Now. If your host computer’s screen resolution does not allow you to enlarge the Workstation console sufficiently, you can manually set the guest operating system’s screen resolution to 640×480 or larger.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines You can try either of the following solutions: Increase the number of colors available on the host. Decrease the number of colors used in the guest. For best performance, use the same number of colors in the guest and on the host. Changing Screen Color Depth on the Host If you choose to change the color settings on the host operating system, shut down all guest operating systems, power off the virtual machines, and close Workstation.
Workstation User’s Manual OpenGL applications run in software emulation mode. You cannot use the record/replay feature to record a 3‐D application. Prepare a Host for Accelerated 3-D By default, Direct3D technology is enabled for Workstation 6.x and later virtual machines. You must prepare the host first, the virtual machine second, and the guest operating system last. Before you begin, make sure the host operating system is Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, or Linux.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines Prepare a Virtual Machine for Accelerated 3-D Before you begin, make sure the guest operating system is Windows XP, Windows Vista, or Windows 7. To prepare a virtual machine for accelerated 3-D 1 Select the virtual machine. 2 Make sure the virtual machine is powered off rather than suspended. 3 Choose VM > Settings. 4 On the Hardware tab, select Display.
Workstation User’s Manual Workstation 7.0 for Linux supports Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA). Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7 and most recent Linux distributions detect the sound device and install appropriate drivers for it. For Windows Vista or Windows 7, when you install VMware Tools in a 64‐bit Windows Vista or Windows 7 guest operating system, a sound driver is installed.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines Obtaining Sound Card Information You can obtain information about the sound cards on your Linux host system from the command line. To obtain sound card information by using the command line At a command prompt, enter one of the following commands.
Workstation User’s Manual Using an ALSA Sound Device that Does Not Appear in Virtual Machine Settings Follow this procedure to use an ALSA sound device that does not appear in Virtual Machine Settings. To use an ALSA sound device that does not appear in Virtual Machine Settings 1 Determine the name of the ALSA sound device. Using the alsa-utils package, at a command prompt, enter aplay -L to list ALSA sound devices on your system. 2 Select VM > Settings. 3 On the Hardware tab, select Sound Card.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines Install New Software in a Virtual Machine Installing new software in a virtual machine is like installing it on a physical computer. Only a few additional steps are required. To install new software in a virtual machine 1 Select the virtual machine. 2 Choose VM > Removable Devices and verify that the virtual machine has access to the CD‐ROM drive, ISO image file, or floppy drive where the installation software is located.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 On the Hardware tab, select Processors. 4 In the Execution Mode section, select Disable acceleration for binary translation and click OK. This setting slows down virtual machine performance. VMware recommends that you use the setting only for getting past the problem with running the program. 5 After you pass the point where the program encountered problems, repeat Step 2 through Step 4 and deselect Disable acceleration for binary translation.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines To use host printers in a virtual machine 1 Select the virtual machine. 2 Select VM > Settings. 3 On the Hardware tab, select Add. 4 In the Add Hardware Wizard dialog box, select Virtual Printer and Finish. The default device setting is to connect the virtual printer when the virtual machine is powered on.
Workstation User’s Manual 4 (Optional) To connect, disconnect, or change settings for a device, click or right‐click the device icon in the notification area of the taskbar and choose a command from the context menu. Using the device icon in the virtual machine taskbar is especially useful if you run the virtual machine in full screen mode.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines 6 Complete the fields on this settings panel to create the text and images that users see when the virtual machine starts up. Use the following information to configure the settings on this panel: 7 Only the Name field is required. Specify the TCP/IP port number for the appliance to use to serve HTTP content. If you do not select Switch to appliance view at power on, the console view appears instead of the appliance view.
Workstation User’s Manual 2 To take the screenshot, do one of the following: From the Workstation menu bar, choose VM > Capture Screen. Press Ctrl+Alt+PrtScr (on Windows hosts) or Shift+Ctrl+PrtScr (on Linux hosts). The keyboard shortcut works regardless of whether mouse and keyboard input is currently grabbed by the virtual machine or the host. The key combination Ctrl+Alt+PrtScr assumes that your virtual machine is configured to ungrab keyboard and mouse input if you press Ctrl+Alt.
Chapter 7 Getting Started with Virtual Machines 4 In the Save File dialog box, enter information for your movie and click Save. Use the following guidelines: The Quality setting determines the compression and therefore the file size of the resulting movie. If you select Omit frames in which nothing occurs, the movie includes only those periods when something is actually happening in the virtual machine. This reduces the file size and length of the movie.
Workstation User’s Manual 186 VProbes tool for investigating guest behavior – You can write VProbes scripts that inspect and record activities in the guest, VMM, VMX, and virtual device state, without modifying that state. For example, VProbes can track which applications are running or indicate which processes are causing page faults. See the VProbes Programming Reference.
8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest 8 This chapter discusses how to transfer files between the host and guest.
Workstation User’s Manual When you drag a file or folder from host to virtual machine or the reverse, Workstation copies the file or folder to the location where you drop it. For example, if you drop a file on the desktop icon of a word processor, the word processor opens with a copy of the original file. The original file does not reflect any changes you make to the copy. Initially, the application opens using a copy of the file that is stored in your temp directory.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest 3 Click the Options tab and select Guest Isolation. 4 Select or deselect the Enable drag and drop check box and click OK. Using the Copy and Paste Feature To use the copy and paste feature, VMware Tools must be installed on the virtual machine. This feature requires Linux hosts and guests to run X Windows and Solaris 10 guests to run an Xorg X server and JDS/Gnome.
Workstation User’s Manual Enable or Disable the Copy and Paste Feature To prevent copying and pasting between virtual machines and the host, disable the copy and paste feature. Before you begin, VMware Tools must be installed on the virtual machine. To enable or disable the copy and paste feature 1 Select the virtual machine. 2 Select VM > Settings. 3 Click the Options tab and select Guest Isolation. 4 Select or deselect the Enable copy and paste check box and click OK.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest Set Up Shared Folders Shared folders provide an easy way to share files among virtual machines, and between virtual machines and the host. The directories you add as shared folders can be on the host computer or they can be network directories accessible from the host computer. Before you begin, make sure the following prerequisites are satisfied: Make sure the virtual machines use a guest operating system that supports shared folders.
Workstation User’s Manual 6 Click Add. On Windows, clicking Add starts the Add Shared Folder wizard. On Linux, it opens the Shared Folder Properties dialog box. 7 Use the following information to complete the wizard or Properties dialog box: Name – Name that appears inside the virtual machine. Characters that the guest operating system considers illegal in a share name appear differently when viewed inside the guest.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest 9 Access the enabled shared folder: For Windows guests, see “View Shared Folders in a Windows Guest” on page 195. On Linux guests, shared folders appear under /mnt/hgfs. On Solaris guests, shared folders appear under /hgfs.
Workstation User’s Manual To enable or disable folder sharing for specific virtual machines 1 Select a virtual machine. 2 Choose VM > Settings. 3 Click the Options tab and select Shared Folders. 4 Use the buttons in the Folder Sharing section to enable or disable shared folders and click OK. You can select Enabled until next power off or suspend only when the virtual machine is powered on. This setting enables folder sharing temporarily, until you shut down, suspend, or restart the virtual machine.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest Viewing a Shared Folder Viewing shared folders in a guest varies based on whether the guest operating system is Windows, Solaris, or Linux. You can use shared folders to share any type of files. To determine which folders on the host are being shared with a virtual machine, choose VM > Settings > Options > Shared Folders to see a list of the shared folders and the directory paths to them.
Workstation User’s Manual View Shared Folders in a Linux or Solaris 10 Guest For information about permission settings on the files you view, also see “Permissions and Folder Mounting for Shared Folders on Linux Guests” on page 196. To view shared folders in a Linux or Solaris 10 guest On a Linux virtual machine, shared folders appear under /mnt/hgfs. On a Solaris virtual machine, shared folders appear under /hgfs.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest Folder Mounting This mechanism allows you to mount one or more directories or subdirectories in a shared folder to any location in your file system in addition to the default location of /mnt/hgfs. You can use the mount program to mount all shares, one share, or a subdirectory within a share to any location in your file system. The following table provides examples. Command Description mount -t vmhgfs .
Workstation User’s Manual Improved Handling of Permissions Many refinements have been made for Linux guests on both Linux and Windows hosts: If you use a Linux host and create files that you want to share with a Linux guest, the file permissions shown on the guest are exactly the same as those on the host. Use fmask and dmask to mask permissions bits for files and directories.
Chapter 8 Transferring Files and Text Between the Host and Guest Map or Mount a Virtual Disk to a Drive on the Host Before you begin to map a virtual disk, make sure that all virtual machines that use the disk are powered off. Also, take the following considerations into account: You can mount volumes formatted with FAT (12/16/32) or NTFS only.
Workstation User’s Manual 4 Select the volume to map or mount, and select a drive letter that is not being used on your host. 5 Click OK or Mount. The drive appears on your host. From the host, you can read from or write to files on the mapped virtual disk. 6 (Optional) To view a mapped drive, do one of the following: On Windows, select File > Map or Disconnect Virtual Disks.
9 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine 9 Suspending a virtual machine lets you save the current state so that you can continue work later from the same state. Taking a snapshot lets you preserve the state of the virtual machine so you can return to the same state repeatedly.
Workstation User’s Manual Before you begin, make sure VMware Tools is installed in the guest operating system. See “Installing VMware Tools” on page 104. On Windows guests, when you do a soft suspend, a script releases the IP address if the guest operating system is using DHCP. On Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris guests, the script stops networking for the virtual machine. When you use the Resume command on Windows guests, a script gets a new IP address from DHCP.
Chapter 9 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine Using Snapshots Taking snapshots lets you preserve the state of the virtual machine so that you can return to the same state repeatedly. Scenarios for Using Multiple Snapshots You can take multiple snapshots of a virtual machine. Snapshots in a Linear Process Taking snapshots in a linear process means taking a snapshot, continuing to use the virtual machine from that point, taking another snapshot at a later point, and so on.
Workstation User’s Manual Snapshots in a Process Tree You can save a number of sequences as branches from a single baseline, as Figure 9‐2 shows. This strategy is often used in testing software. You can take a snapshot before installing different versions of a program to ensure that each installation begins from an identical baseline. Figure 9-2.
Chapter 9 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine The parent snapshot of a virtual machine is the snapshot on which the current state (the You Are Here position in Figure 9‐3) is based. After you take a snapshot, that stored state is the parent snapshot of the virtual machine. If you revert or go to an earlier snapshot, the earlier snapshot becomes the parent snapshot of the virtual machine. Figure 9-3. Parent-Child Relationship Between Snapshots Snapshots 2, 3, and 4 are all children of Snapshot1.
Workstation User’s Manual Snapshot Conflicts Avoid taking a snapshot when applications in the virtual machine are communicating with other computers, especially in production environments. Suppose you take a snapshot while the virtual machine is downloading a file from a server on the network. After you take the snapshot, the virtual machine continues downloading the file, communicating its progress to the server.
Chapter 9 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine Exclude a Virtual Disk from Snapshots In certain configurations, you might want to revert some disks to a snapshot while other disks retain all changes. For example, you might want a snapshot to preserve a disk with your operating system and applications, while always keeping the changes to a disk with your documents. You can exclude virtual disks from a snapshot by changing the disk mode.
Workstation User’s Manual Snapshot Manager Overview You can review all snapshots for the active virtual machine and act on them directly in the snapshot manager. Table 9‐1 identifies the icons that you might see in the snapshot tree of the snapshot manager. Table 9-1.
Chapter 9 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine Most snapshot manager actions are available as menu commands from the VM > Snapshot menu. The following actions, however, are available only from the snapshot manager: Renaming a snapshot – The Name text box is editable. If you rename a snapshot for a cloned virtual machine, use the Description field for future identification. Changing or adding a description – The Description text box is editable.
Workstation User’s Manual If your use of virtual machines is strongly performance oriented, the guest operating system’s drives are defragmented. See “Defragment Virtual Disks” on page 239. If the virtual machine has multiple disks in different disk modes, the virtual machine is powered off. For example, if a special purpose configuration requires you to use an independent disk, you must power off the virtual machine before taking a snapshot.
Chapter 9 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine Restore an Earlier State from a Snapshot Restore a snapshot in Workstation by using the Revert and Go to commands. The Revert command has the same effect as using the Go to command and selecting the parent snapshot of the virtual machine. It reverts to the parent snapshot of the current state. This state corresponds to the You Are Here position in the snapshot manager. See “Snapshot Relationships” on page 204.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 Click the Options tab and select Snapshot/Replay. 4 In the When powering off section, select Revert to snapshot. Delete a Snapshot or a Recording In most cases, deleting a snapshot or recording does not affect other snapshots, recordings, or the current state of the virtual machine. Use the snapshot manager to delete a snapshot. CAUTION If a snapshot is used to create a clone, the snapshot becomes locked.
Chapter 9 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine Take or Revert to a Snapshot at Power Off You can set a virtual machine to automatically revert to a snapshot or to take a new snapshot whenever you power off the virtual machine. To take a snapshot or revert to one at power off 1 Select the virtual machine. 2 Choose VM > Settings. 3 Click the Options tab and select Snapshot/Replay.
Workstation User’s Manual Using AutoProtect Snapshots The AutoProtect feature preserves the state of your virtual machine by taking snapshots at regular intervals that you specify. This process is in addition to manual snapshots, which you can take at any time. You can set AutoProtect options in the Options tab of the Virtual Machine Settings window (VM > Settings). You select the interval of time between AutoProtect snapshots and the maximum number of snapshots that will be retained.
Chapter 9 Preserving the State of a Virtual Machine Set Up Automatic Snapshots with AutoProtect You can set Workstation to take snapshots of your virtual machine at regular intervals, with the AutoProtect feature. To set up automatic snapshots with AutoProtect 1 Select the virtual machine. 2 Select VM > Settings. 3 On the Options tab, under Settings, select AutoProtect. 4 Select Enable AutoProtect. 5 Select the interval between snapshots.
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10 Cloning, Moving, and Sharing Virtual Machines 10 Cloning a virtual machine is faster and easier than copying it. This chapter provides instructions and information on how to move your virtual machines from one host to another, or elsewhere on the same host, plus recommendations on how to share virtual machines with other users.
Workstation User’s Manual This UUID is generated when you initially power on the virtual machine. As long as you do not move or copy the virtual machine to another location, the UUID remains constant. To set a specific UUID, see “Specify a UUID for a Virtual Machine” on page 218. UUID Options When You Move a Virtual Machine When you power on a virtual machine that was moved or copied to a new location, a message appears, asking whether you moved or copied the virtual machine.
Chapter 10 Cloning, Moving, and Sharing Virtual Machines To specify a UUID for a virtual machine 1 Power off the virtual machine. 2 Open the configuration (.vmx) file with a text editor. 3 Search for the line that contains uuid.bios. The format of the line is uuid.bios = "", with quotation marks around the parameter value. Following is an example of the configuration setting: uuid.
Workstation User’s Manual With clones you can make copies of a virtual machine without browsing a host file system or worrying if you have located all the configuration files. The existing virtual machine is called the parent of the clone. When the cloning operation is complete, the clone becomes a separate virtual machine. These are the main characteristics of a clone: Changes made to a clone do not affect the parent virtual machine.
Chapter 10 Cloning, Moving, and Sharing Virtual Machines All files available on the parent at the moment you take the snapshot continue to remain available to the linked clone. Ongoing changes to the virtual disk of the parent do not affect the linked clone, and changes to the disk of the linked clone do not affect the parent. A linked clone must have access to the parent. Without access to the parent, you cannot use a linked clone.
Workstation User’s Manual 4 Click the Options tab, and select Advanced. 5 In the Settings section, click Enable Template mode (to be used for cloning) and click OK. Use the Clone Virtual Machine Wizard The Clone Virtual Machine wizard guides you through the process of making a clone. You do not need to locate and manually copy the parent virtual machine files. Before making a linked clone, defragment the guest operating system’s drives on the parent virtual machine.
Chapter 10 Cloning, Moving, and Sharing Virtual Machines 7 On the Name of the New Virtual Machine page, enter a name and a path for the cloned virtual machine and click Finish. A full clone can take many minutes to create, depending on the size of the virtual disk that is being duplicated. 8 Click Close to exit the Clone Virtual Machine wizard. The Clone Virtual Machine wizard automatically creates a new MAC address and UUID for the clone.
Workstation User’s Manual Moving Between 64-Bit and 32-Bit Hosts You can move a virtual machine from a 32‐bit host to a 64‐bit host but not from a 64‐bit host to a 32‐bit host unless the 32‐bit host has a supported 64‐bit processor. NOTE Workstation supports 64‐bit guest operating systems only in Workstation 5.5 and higher, and only on host machines with supported processors. When you power on a virtual machine with a 64‐bit guest operating system, Workstation performs an internal check.
Chapter 10 Cloning, Moving, and Sharing Virtual Machines To open a virtual machine created in ESX Server that has more than two processors 1 Select the virtual machine and choose VM > Settings > Hardware > Processors. 2 Note that Number of Processors is set to Other (x), where x is the number of processors originally assigned in ESX Server. Workstation preserves this original configuration setting for the number of processors, even though two is the maximum number of processors supported.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 Copy all the files in the virtual machine directory to the new location. To move the virtual machine’s files to another host, if you do not have a network connection to the new host, use a shared network directory, burn the files onto a DVD, or use some other storage media that has enough disk space. For more information about the files that you are moving, see “Files That Make Up a Virtual Machine” on page 97.
Chapter 10 Cloning, Moving, and Sharing Virtual Machines Moving Linked Clones You can move a linked clone as you do an ordinary Workstation virtual machine. However, if you move a linked clone (or if you move its parent virtual machine), make sure the clone can access the parent virtual machine. Place the parent in shared directory or on a networked file server.
Workstation User’s Manual Using VNC for Remote Connections to a Virtual Machine Virtual network computing (VNC) software enables you to view and interact with one computer from any other computer or mobile device anywhere on the Internet. VNC software is cross‐platform, allowing remote control between different types of computers. For example, you can use VNC to view a Linux machine on your Windows PC. Open‐source versions of VNC are freely and publicly available.
Chapter 10 Cloning, Moving, and Sharing Virtual Machines 5 (Optional) Set a password for connecting to the virtual machine from a VNC client. The password can be up to 8 characters long. Because it is not encrypted when the VNC client sends it, do not use a password that you use for other systems. 6 Click OK. After you set up a virtual machine as a VNC server, you can see a list of users who are remotely connected to the virtual machine and find out how long they have been connected.
Workstation User’s Manual To use a VNC client to connect to a virtual machine 1 On a local or remote computer, start a VNC client. You can use any VNC client, but not a Java viewer in a browser. To download and install a VNC client, check one of the many Web sites where you can buy or get one for free. 2 Make sure the client is set for hextile encoding. For example, if you use RealVNC Viewer, under the Preferred Encoding option, select Hextile. 3 Set the client to use all colors.
Chapter 10 Cloning, Moving, and Sharing Virtual Machines 3 Depending on the type of Web server, use the following keep‐alive settings: For Apache HTTP Server 1.2 and higher, turn the KeepAlive option on, set MaxKeepAliveRequest to 2000 to 5000, and set KeepAliveTimeout to 2000 to 5000 seconds, depending on server load. For Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0 and higher, set the connection timeout to a value above 300 seconds and load HTTP Keep‐Alives.
Workstation User’s Manual Start and Exit VMware Player VMware Player is included in the Workstation distribution. When you install Workstation, the application file (vmplayer.exe on Windows or vmplayer on Linux), is stored with the rest of your Workstation program files. To start and exit VMware Player 1 Open VMware Player, either from the graphical user interface (GUI) or from the command line: From the GUI, on Windows, choose VMware Player from the Start > Programs > VMware menu.
Chapter 10 Cloning, Moving, and Sharing Virtual Machines 3 To exit VMware Player, do one of the following: Shut down the guest operating system in the virtual machine. VMware Player closes after the guest operating system shuts down. In VMware Player, choose File > Exit (Windows) or File > Quit (Linux). VMware Player either suspends or powers off the virtual machine, depending on the preference you set for exit behavior in File > Preferences.
Workstation User’s Manual Choose a reasonable amount of memory to allocate to the virtual machine. If the user’s host machine does not have enough physical memory to support the memory allocation, VMware Player cannot power on the virtual machine. Install VMware Tools in the virtual machine. VMware Tools significantly improves the user’s experience working with the virtual machine. Choose a reasonable screen resolution for the guest.
11 Using Disks and Disk Drives 11 This chapter provides information about how to configure virtual hard disk storage to best meet your needs.
Workstation User’s Manual Benefits of Using Virtual Disks In most cases, it is best to configure virtual machines to use virtual hard disks rather than physical hard disks. A virtual disk is a file or set of files that appears as a physical disk drive to a guest operating system. The files can be on the host machine or on a remote computer.
Chapter 11 Using Disks and Disk Drives Lock files are created in subdirectories with a .lck suffix. The locking subdirectories reside in the same directory as the virtual machine’s .vmdk files. A locking subdirectory and lock file are created for .vmdk files, .vmx files, and .vmem files. Since the Workstation 6.0 release, a unified locking method is used on all host operating systems, so files shared between them are fully protected.
Workstation User’s Manual Physical Disks In some circumstances, you might need to give your virtual machine direct access to a physical hard drive on the host computer. A physical disk directly accesses an existing local disk or partition. You can use physical disks to run one or more guest operating systems from existing disk partitions. CAUTION Do not attempt physical disk configurations unless you are an expert user.
Chapter 11 Using Disks and Disk Drives Defragment Virtual Disks Like physical disk drives, virtual disks can become fragmented. Defragmenting disks rearranges files, programs, and unused space on the virtual disk so that programs run faster and files open more quickly. Before you defragment a virtual disk, make sure you have adequate free working space on the host computer. If your virtual disk is contained in a single file, for example, you need free space equal to the size of the virtual disk file.
Workstation User’s Manual Compact a Virtual Disk Compacting a virtual disk reclaims unused space in the virtual disk. If a disk has empty space, this process reduces the amount of space the virtual disk occupies on the host drive. Make sure the following prerequisites are met: The virtual machine is powered off. The virtual disk is not mapped (on Windows guests) or mounted (on Linux guests). You cannot compact a virtual disk while it is mapped or mounted.
Chapter 11 Using Disks and Disk Drives Make sure the following prerequisites are met: The virtual machine is powered off. The virtual disk is not mapped (on Windows guests) or mounted (on Linux guests). You cannot expand a virtual disk while it is mapped or mounted. The virtual machine has no snapshots. The virtual machine is not a linked clone or the parent of a linked clone.
Workstation User’s Manual Add a New Virtual Disk to a Virtual Machine To increase storage space, you can add a new virtual disk to a virtual machine. Virtual disks are stored as files on the host computer or on a network file server. A virtual IDE drive or SCSI drive can be stored on a physical IDE drive or SCSI drive. NOTE If you have a Windows NT 4.0 guest with a SCSI virtual disk, you cannot add both an additional SCSI disk and an IDE disk to the configuration.
Chapter 11 Using Disks and Disk Drives 8 On the Specify Disk File page, accept the default filename and location or browse to and select a different location and click Finish. The wizard creates the new virtual disk. It appears to your guest operating system as a new, blank hard disk. 9 In the virtual machine settings editor, click OK. 10 Use the guest operating system tools to partition and format the new drive for use.
Workstation User’s Manual To remove a virtual disk from a virtual machine 1 Select the virtual machine. 2 Choose VM > Settings. 3 On the Hardware tab, select a virtual disk and click Remove. After you remove the disk from the virtual machine, you can do either of the following: Map the disk to the host. See “Using a Mapped Drive” on page 198. Add the disk to another virtual machine. See “Add an Existing Virtual Disk to a Virtual Machine” on page 243.
Chapter 11 Using Disks and Disk Drives Prerequisites for Using a Physical Disk Before you run the New Virtual Machine wizard or use the virtual machine settings editor to add a physical (raw) disk, perform the following tasks: Because the virtual machine and guest operating system access a physical disk partition while the host continues to run its operating system, verify that the partition is not mounted by the host or in use by another virtual machine.
Workstation User’s Manual Change a Windows Disk Type from Dynamic to Basic To use a hard disk in a virtual machine whose host is running Windows XP or Windows Server 2003, the virtual machine must use a basic disk. To change a Windows disk type from dynamic to basic 1 On the host, choose Start > Settings > Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Computer Management > Disk Management. The disk management tool opens. 2 Delete all logical volumes on the disk. This action destroys all data on the disk.
Chapter 11 Using Disks and Disk Drives Unmap a Partition That Is Mapped to a Windows 7 Host Corruption can occur if you allow the virtual machine to modify a physical disk partition that is simultaneously used as a mapped drive on the host. To unmap a partition that is mapped to a Windows 7 host 1 Select Start > Control Panel. 2 In the menu bar, click the arrow next to Control Panel.
Workstation User’s Manual To create a virtual machine that uses a physical disk 1 Use the Custom setup in the New Virtual Machine wizard to create a virtual machine that uses a physical disk. 2 On the Select a Disk page of the wizard, select Use a physical disk, and choose to use individual partitions or the entire disk. If you use individual partitions, only the partitions you select are accessible to the virtual machine.
Chapter 11 Using Disks and Disk Drives Add a Physical Disk to an Existing Virtual Machine Use the virtual machine settings editor, rather than the New Virtual Machine wizard, to add a physical disk to an existing virtual machine. Before you begin, complete the tasks described in “Prerequisites for Using a Physical Disk” on page 245.
Workstation User’s Manual 11 (Optional) To specify a device node for the virtual disk or exclude disks from snapshots, do the following: a On the Specify Disk File page, click Advanced. b To change the device node, select from the Virtual device node list. c To exclude disks from snapshots, select Independent for the mode and choose one of the following options: Persistent – Disks in persistent mode behave like conventional disks on a physical computer.
Chapter 11 Using Disks and Disk Drives You can configure the virtual DVD or CD drive as either IDE or SCSI regardless of the type of physical drive you connect it to. For example, if your host computer has an IDE CD drive, you can set up the virtual machine drive as either SCSI or IDE and connect it to the host drive. The same is true if the physical drive on the host is a SCSI drive. To add a DVD or CD drive to a virtual machine 1 Select the virtual machine. 2 Choose VM > Settings.
Workstation User’s Manual Legacy Emulation for DVD and CD Drives In normal mode (that is, not legacy emulation mode), the guest operating system communicates directly with the CD or DVD drive. This direct communication enables you to read multisession CDs, perform digital audio extraction, view videos, and use CD and DVD writers to burn discs. Legacy emulation mode enables you to read only from data discs in the DVD or CD drive. It does not provide the other capabilities of normal mode.
Chapter 11 Using Disks and Disk Drives 7 In the Device Status section, select the Connect at power on option to connect the floppy drive when the virtual machine powers on. 8 (Optional) If you are adding a second floppy drive to the virtual machine, enable this second floppy drive in the virtual machine BIOS, as follows: a Select the virtual machine and choose VM > Power > Power On to BIOS.
Workstation User’s Manual Using VMware Virtual Disk Manager VMware Virtual Disk Manager is a Workstation utility that allows you to create, manage, and modify virtual disk files from the command line or in scripts. You can enlarge a virtual disk so that its maximum capacity is larger than it was when you created it.
Chapter 11 Using Disks and Disk Drives You can use Workstation 7.0 to power on virtual machines created with older versions of Workstation or other VMware products. However, many new features of Workstation are not available in older virtual machines. To upgrade your virtual machines to Workstation 7.0, see “Change the Version of a Virtual Machine” on page 94. If you decide not to upgrade a virtual machine, VMware recommends that you upgrade VMware Tools to the latest version.
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12 Recording and Replaying Virtual Machine Activity 12 The record/replay feature allows you to record all of a Workstation 5.x, 6.x, or 7.0 virtual machine’s activity over a period of time.
Workstation User’s Manual Playing a recording is similar to going to a snapshot. When you play a recording, you discard the current state of the virtual machine and go to the recording. At any time when the recording is playing, you can click the Go Live button and resume interacting with the guest operating system at the state the virtual machine is in when you click Go Live. NOTE Virtual machine recordings are not interchangeable between different versions of Workstation.
Chapter 12 Recording and Replaying Virtual Machine Activity Supported operating systems – You can use the record/replay feature for the following guest operating systems: Windows 2000, XP, 2003, Vista, 7 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 and 4 SUSE Linux 9.3 and 10.x 64‐bit versions of the these guest operating systems might not work with some old host CPUs. Unsupported virtual hardware – SMP and paravirtualization on VMI are not supported with record/replay.
Workstation User’s Manual 4 In the Preferred mode drop‐down menu, select Automatic or Automatic with Replay to let Workstation select the execution mode based on the guest operating system and the host CPU. Automatic with Replay refers to the execution record/replay feature. For many combinations of CPU and guest operating system, you can select Automatic and still use the record/replay feature. If not, an error message directs you to select Automatic with Replay.
Chapter 12 Recording and Replaying Virtual Machine Activity 8 (Optional) Select the Enable Visual Studio debugger (experimental) check box to use the Integrated Virtual Debugger for Visual Studio on Windows only. Developers can use record/replay to record an execution of an application and debug the recorded form of the application. Recorded bugs can be replayed repeatedly and exhibit the same behavior. 9 Click OK.
Workstation User’s Manual Replay Control Dialog Box Features The replay control dialog box appears when you replay a recording. NOTE On Linux, you cannot add markers to a recording. Figure 12-1. Windows Replay Control Dialog Box current replay position slider replay snapshot marker zoom controls Go to Beginning Go to Previous Snapshot Go to Next Snapshot replay speed control Figure 12-2.
Chapter 12 Recording and Replaying Virtual Machine Activity Add Marker – Adds a marker in the recording without taking a replay snapshot. You can add and label a marker as a reminder of a point of interest in the recording. Go to Beginning – Returns to the beginning of the recording. Go to Previous Snapshot – Replays the recording to the point where the previous replay snapshot is located and pauses the playback.
Workstation User’s Manual Replay speed control – Controls the replay speed of a recording. On Windows, click the right button to increase the replay speed to the maximum. Click the left button to decrease the replay speed to normal. On Linux, click button to toggle between speeds. NOTE The speed of a playback depends on the host activity and workload of the guest. Create a Recording While creating a recording you cannot pause or reverse it.
Chapter 12 Recording and Replaying Virtual Machine Activity 5 To stop recording, click the Stop button in the recording dialog box or in the toolbar. (Optional) On Windows, while making a recording, you can use the minimized record control to stop a recording, add a replay snapshot, or add a marker. 6 Complete the dialog box that appears and click Save. 7 To change the name of the recording, add or change the description, or delete the recording, select VM > Snapshot > Snapshot Manager.
Workstation User’s Manual 7 (Optional) To make a trace file of events that occurred during recording, see “Using an Execution Trace File of a Recording” on page 266. 8 (Optional) To stop replaying the recording before it finishes playing, click the Go Live button to stop the replay and resume interacting with the virtual machine. Browse a Recording The length of a recording can vary from a few minutes to several hours.
Chapter 12 Recording and Replaying Virtual Machine Activity Enable Execution Tracing for a Recording Execution tracing is disabled by default. To create execution trace files for a recording, you must enable it. Before you begin, power off the virtual machine. To enable execution tracing 1 Open the preferences file with a text editor.
Workstation User’s Manual Create an Execution Trace File of a Recording After enabling execution tracing, when you create an execution file of a recording, the Trace button appears in the replay dialog box. To create an execution trace file of a recording 1 Replay a recording. 2 In the replay dialog box, click Trace to start the trace file. The play back speed of the recording slows considerably while the trace file is created. 3 To end the trace file, click Trace again.
Chapter 12 Recording and Replaying Virtual Machine Activity Disable Periodic Screenshots If the recording session lasts for a long time, a significant number of screenshots are automatically created in the virtual machine directory. Even when periodic screenshots are disabled, one screenshot is taken at the end of every recording. To disable periodic screenshots 1 Add the following line to the configuration (.vmx) file for the virtual machine where X denotes the interval of screenshots taken in seconds.
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13 Configuring Teams 13 This chapter describes what virtual machine teams are used for, how to create them, and how to configure them.
Workstation User’s Manual Virtualize network performance and security – Team virtual machines can use networking just as other virtual machines can. In addition, team members can communicate in private networks called LAN segments. Team networking lets you to do the following: Isolate a team completely from the host network. A team LAN segment is undetectable and inaccessible from any other network. Create a virtual DMZ or proxy server to securely bridge the team members to the outside network.
Chapter 13 Configuring Teams To create a team 1 From the Workstation menu bar, choose File > New > Team. 2 In the New Team wizard, supply the following information: a Enter a name for the team and specify the location of the virtual team files. By default, the team files are stored in the same directory as virtual machines. See “Virtual Machine Location” on page 83. b Specify whether to add virtual machines to the team now or later.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 Select the file and click Open. 4 (Optional) To add the team to the Favorites list, choose File > Add to Favorites. After a team is added to the Favorites list, you can open it by clicking it in the Favorites list rather than using the menu bar. You can now power on one or more of the virtual machines in the team. See “Power On a Team” on page 279. Rename a Team When you create a team, the name of the directory where the team (.
Chapter 13 Configuring Teams To close the team, select it and choose File > Close. Depending on how Workstation preferences are set, if any of the team’s virtual machines are still powered on, you might see a prompt. For information about the options shown in the prompt, see “Closing Virtual Machines and Exiting Workstation” on page 71. Delete a Team Before you can delete a team, you must power off all virtual machines that are members of the team. See “Power Off or Close a Team” on page 274.
Workstation User’s Manual Summary and Console Views for Teams and Their Virtual Machines Workstation displays teams in a summary view or console view: The summary view is available at any time. See “Summary View” on page 56. The console view is available only when a team is powered on. A grab bar allows you to resize the areas. This view displays a large console view of the selected virtual machine and thumbnail console views of the other virtual machines in the team.
Chapter 13 Configuring Teams When you add a virtual machine to a team, you can no longer operate the virtual machine outside the team. Adding a virtual machine to a team removes it from the Favorites list. NOTE Workstation 4 virtual machines cannot be added to teams. To add a virtual machine to a team Select the team, choose Team > Add, and choose one of the following options: New Virtual Machine – Launches the New Virtual Machine wizard. See “Use the New Virtual Machine Wizard” on page 89.
Workstation User’s Manual You can perform these tasks after removing the virtual machine: Add the virtual machine to the Favorites list. See “To add virtual machines and teams to the Favorites list” on page 64. Delete the virtual machine and erase its files from the host file system. See “Delete a Virtual Machine” on page 158.
Chapter 13 Configuring Teams Power Operations for Teams and Their Members Power operations for teams are much the same as those for an individual virtual machine. However, for a team, you can also change the sequence in which the members of a team power on and off. See “Specify the Startup Sequence for a Team” on page 278. You can also use Workstation’s command‐line application for team power operations. See Appendix A, “Appendix: Workstation Command‐Line Reference,” on page 485.
Workstation User’s Manual Perform Power Operations on One Team Member Performing a power operation for one member of a team is similar to performing the operation for a virtual machine that is not part of the team, except that instead of selecting the machine from the Favorites list, you select it from the team’s console tab. To perform power operations on one team member 1 Select the virtual machine from the team’s console tab. 2 Choose the appropriate command from the VM > Power menu.
Chapter 13 Configuring Teams Create a Team LAN Segment The first step to creating a virtual network for a team is to add and name a LAN segment. You can then configure connections to this segment. To create a team LAN segment 1 Select the team and choose Team > Add > LAN Segment. 2 Enter a name for the private network and click OK. You can configure the other settings in this dialog box later.
Workstation User’s Manual Kbps – Field to set a custom bandwidth, in kilobits per second. Changes here are overwritten when you make a selection from the Bandwidth menu. To change the bandwidth, type a number into the field. Packet Loss – Specification of the efficiency or faultiness of the link, measured in the percentage of packets lost from the total number of packets transmitted. To change the packet loss setting, type a number into the field. 4 Click OK to save your changes.
Chapter 13 Configuring Teams Delete a LAN Segment Deleting a LAN segment disconnects all virtual network adapters that are configured for that LAN segment. When you remove a virtual machine from a team, you must manually configure its disconnected virtual network adapter if you want to reconnect the virtual machine to a network. To delete a LAN segment 1 Select the team and choose Team > Settings. 2 Click the LAN Segments tab and select the LAN segment you want to delete. 3 Click Remove and click OK.
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14 Configuring a Virtual Network 14 This chapter previews the virtual networking components that VMware Workstation provides and shows how to use them with your virtual machine.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 14-1. Default Virtual Network Switches Network Type Switch Name Reference Bridged VMnet0 “Bridged Networking” on page 287 NAT VMnet8 “Network Address Translation (NAT)” on page 289 Host‐only VMnet1 “Host‐Only Networking” on page 290 The other available networks are named VMnet2, VMnet3, VMnet4, and so on.
Chapter 14 Configuring a Virtual Network You can set up more specialized configurations by choosing the appropriate settings in the virtual machine settings editor, in the virtual network editor (on Windows and Linux hosts), and on your host computer. On all hosts, the software needed for all networking configurations is installed when you install Workstation. You can connect multiple virtual machines to the same virtual Ethernet switch.
Workstation User’s Manual Set Up Bridged Networking Windows and Linux hosts can use bridged networking to connect to wired and wireless networks. To set up bridged networking Do one of the following: For a new virtual machine, choose File > New > Virtual Machine > Custom (advanced) and select Use bridged networking in the New Virtual Machine wizard. For an existing virtual machine, choose VM > Settings. a On the Hardware tab select Network Adapter.
Chapter 14 Configuring a Virtual Network Network Address Translation (NAT) NAT configures a virtual machine to share the IP and MAC addresses of the host. The virtual machine and the host share a single network identity that is not visible outside the network. NAT can be useful when your network administrator lets you use a single IP address or MAC address.
Workstation User’s Manual Setting Up NAT By default, NAT is used when you use the Typical setup to create a virtual machine in the New Virtual Machine wizard. Setup Requirements for IP Addresses If you use NAT, your virtual machine does not have its own IP address on the external network. Instead, a separate private network is set up on the host computer. Your virtual machine gets an address on that network from the VMware virtual DHCP server.
Chapter 14 Configuring a Virtual Network Set Up Host-Only Networking You can set up host‐only networking while creating a virtual machine or after a virtual machine is created. To set up host-only networking Do one of the following: For a new virtual machine, choose File > New > Virtual Machine > Custom (advanced) and select Use host‐only networking in the New Virtual Machine wizard. For an existing virtual machine, choose VM > Settings. a On the Hardware tab select Network Adapter.
Workstation User’s Manual Before you attempt to set up complex virtual networks, you need a good understanding of how to configure network devices in your host and guest operating systems. Figure 14‐4 shows most of the ways you can combine devices on a virtual network. In this example, a Web server connects through a firewall to an external network. An administrator’s computer connects to the Web server through a second firewall. Figure 14-4.
Chapter 14 Configuring a Virtual Network To set up a custom networking configuration 1 Set up four virtual machines using the New Virtual Machine wizard: a Choose File > New > Virtual Machine. b Create the first virtual machine with bridged networking so that it can connect to an external network by using the host computer’s network adapter. c Create the other three virtual machines without networking.
Workstation User’s Manual 6 Determine the network addresses used for VMnet2 and VMnet3: On Windows hosts, open a command prompt and run the following command: ipconfig /all Note the network addresses that each virtual adapter uses. On Linux hosts, open a terminal and run the following command: ifconfig Note the network addresses that each virtual switch uses. 7 Power on each virtual machine in turn and install the appropriate guest operating system.
Chapter 14 Configuring a Virtual Network Changing a Networking Configuration You can use the virtual machine settings editor to add virtual network adapters to your virtual machine and change the networking configuration of existing adapters. Find the Network Type of a Virtual Machine Unless you set up a custom network connection, a virtual machine uses a bridged, NAT, or host‐only network connection.
Workstation User’s Manual 6 (Optional) If you select Custom, choose the VMnet network to use from the drop‐down menu. Although VMnet0, VMnet1, and VMnet8 are technically available in this list, they are usually used for bridged, host‐only, and NAT configurations, respectively. You must perform another procedure to make them available for use in custom configurations. Choose one of the other VMnet switches. 7 Click Finish. The new adapter is added. 8 Click OK to save your configuration.
Chapter 14 Configuring a Virtual Network Configuring Bridged Networking Windows and Linux hosts allow you to configure bridged networking. You can view and change the settings for bridged networking on your host, determine which network adapters on your host to use for bridged networking, and map specific network adapters to specific virtual networks, called VMnets.
Workstation User’s Manual Designate a Physical Network Adapter to Bridge to Custom Virtual Switches Before you change the bridged adapter mappings, check which virtual network the physical network adapter is going to be assigned to. CAUTION If you reassign a physical network adapter to a different virtual network, any virtual machine that is using the original network loses its network connectivity through that network.
Chapter 14 Configuring a Virtual Network 4 Select the vmnet0 row in the table and select Bridged. 5 Do one of the following: To use automatic bridging, click Automatic Settings and complete the dialog box. If you select multiple check boxes, the virtual machine bridges to the first available host network adapter. If an item in the list is disabled, the adapter is not available because it is already being used to bridge to another vmnet.
Workstation User’s Manual Change Subnet or DHCP Settings on a Windows Host To change the subnet settings, configure the subnet mask. The default subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 (a Class C address). Typically, this means you should modify only the third number in the IP address, for example, x in 192.168.x.0 or 198.16.x.0. In general, do not change the subnet mask. Certain virtual network services might not work as well with a customized subnet mask.
Chapter 14 Configuring a Virtual Network 3 If the table in the network editor does not display a row for the network type you want, click Add Network and complete the Add Virtual Network dialog box. Use vmnet1 for a host‐only network type, and use vmnet8 for a NAT network type. 4 Select the row in the table that corresponds to the network to edit and select NAT or Host‐only, as appropriate. 5 Use the appropriate check boxes to specify whether to use a DHCP service, a host virtual adapter, or both.
Workstation User’s Manual Setting Up Two Separate Host-Only Networks Set up multiple host‐only networks on the same host computer in situations such as the following: To have two virtual machines connected to one host‐only network, and other virtual machines connected to another host‐only network to isolate the network traffic on each network. To test routing between two virtual networks.
15 Advanced Virtual Networking 15 This chapter provides detailed information about networking capabilities and specialized configurations for expert users.
Workstation User’s Manual Selecting IP Addresses on a Host-Only Network or NAT Configuration The host and all virtual machines configured for host‐only networking are connected to the network through a virtual switch. Typically, all the parties on this network use the TCP/IP protocol suite, although other communication protocols can be used. A network address translation (NAT) configuration also sets up a private network, which must be a TCP/IP network.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking Determining Whether to Use DHCP or Statically Assign Addresses Using DHCP to assign IP addresses is simpler and more automatic than statically assigning them. Most Windows operating systems, for example, are preconfigured to use DHCP at boot time, so Windows virtual machines can connect to the network the first time they are booted, without additional configuration.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 15-2. IP Address Use on a NAT Network (Continued) Range Address Use Example .254 DHCP server 192.168.0.254 .255 Broadcasting 192.168.0.255 Configure the DHCP Server on a Windows Host On a Windows host, use the virtual network editor to configure the DHCP server. To configure the DHCP server on a Windows host 1 Choose Edit > Virtual Network Editor. 2 Click DHCP Settings to change settings for the selected virtual network.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking If the host computer has multiple network adapters, it might be intentionally configured to use IP forwarding. If that is the case, you do not want to disable forwarding. To avoid packet leakage, you must enable a packet filtering facility and specify that packets from the host‐only network should not be sent outside the host computer. Consult your operating system documentation for details on how to configure packet filtering.
Workstation User’s Manual Disable Packet Forwarding on Linux Hosts If you find packets leaking from a host‐only network on a Linux host computer, check whether forwarding was mistakenly enabled on the host machine. If it is enabled, disable it. To disable packet forwarding on Linux hosts Depending on which type of Linux system you have, use one of the following methods: Disable forwarding by writing a 0 (zero) to the special file /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking Do not change certain settings in the virtual machine’s configuration (.vmx) file. If you never edit the configuration file by hand and do not remove the virtual network adapter, these settings remain unchanged. If you do edit the configuration file by hand, do not remove or change the following options: ethernet[n].generatedAddress ethernet[n].addressType ethernet[n].generatedAddressOffset uuid.location uuid.bios ethernet[n].
Workstation User’s Manual 2 Add the following line to the configuration file above the UUID lines in the file: ethernet[n].address = 00:50:56:XX:YY:ZZ In this line, the fourth pair of numbers, XX, must be a valid hexadecimal number between 00h and 3Fh, and YY and ZZ must be valid hexadecimal numbers between 00h and FFh. You must use the above format because Workstation virtual machines do not support arbitrary MAC addresses.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking Potential Issues with Host-Only Networking on Linux The following are common issues you might encounter when you are configuring a host‐only network on Linux. DHCPD on the Linux Host Does Not Work After Installing Workstation If you were running the DHCP server dhcpd utility on your machine before you installed Workstation, it probably was configured to respond to DHCP requests from clients on any network interface present on the machine.
Workstation User’s Manual To use names to communicate with other virtual machines, you must either edit the DHCP configuration file for vmnet1 (/etc/vmware/vmnet1/dhcpd/dhcpd.conf), or use IP addresses that are statically bound to a host name. Editing the DHCP server configuration file requires information that is best obtained directly from the DHCP server documentation. Consult the dhcpd(8) and dhcpd.conf(8)manual pages.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking 4 5 In the Network Connection section, do one of the following: To connect to the default host‐only interface (VMnet1), select Host‐only. To connect to the newly created host‐only interface, select Custom, and choose VMnet2 from the drop‐down menu on the right. (Optional) If no network adapter is shown in the list of devices, add one, as described in “Add Virtual Network Adapters” on page 295.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 (Optional) To see the IP address that a host‐only network is using: On Windows hosts, open a command prompt and run the following command: ipconfig /all On Linux hosts, open a terminal and run the following command: ifconfig Set Up Routing Between Two Host-Only Networks If you are setting up a complex test network that uses virtual machines, you might want to have two independent host‐only networks with a router between them. Use one of the following methods.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking 6 Install the router software, either on the host computer or in the third virtual machine, depending on the approach you are using. 7 Configure networking in the first two virtual machines to use addresses on the appropriate host‐only network: 8 On Windows hosts, open a command prompt and run the ipconfig /all command to determine which IP addresses each host‐only network is using.
Workstation User’s Manual Using Virtual Network Adapters in Promiscuous Mode on a Linux Host Workstation does not allow the virtual network adapter to go into promiscuous mode unless the user running Workstation has permission to make that setting. This restriction follows the standard Linux practice that only the root user can put a network interface into promiscuous mode. When you install and configure Workstation, you must run the installation as the root user.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking The host computer has a host virtual adapter on the NAT network identical to the host virtual adapter on the host‐only network. This adapter allows the host and the virtual machines to communicate with each other for such purposes as file sharing. The NAT device never forwards traffic from the host virtual adapter. How the NAT Device Uses the VMnet8 Virtual Switch The NAT device is connected to the VMnet8 virtual switch.
Workstation User’s Manual DNS on the NAT Network The NAT device acts as a DNS server for the virtual machines on the NAT network. The NAT device is a DNS proxy and forwards DNS requests from the virtual machines to a DNS server that the host knows. Responses return to the NAT device, which then forwards them to the virtual machines. If they get their configuration information from DHCP, the virtual machines on the NAT network automatically use the NAT device as the DNS server.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking File sharing of the type used by Windows operating systems and Samba is possible among computers on the NAT network, including virtual machines and the host computer. If you are using WINS servers on your network, a virtual machine using NAT networking can access shared files and folders on the host that the WINS server knows if those shared files and folders are in the same workgroup or domain.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 15-3. NAT and DHCP File Locations File Type Location NAT On Windows XP: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\vmnetnat.conf On Windows Vista and Windows 7: C:\ProgramData\VMware\vmnetnat.conf For more information about this file, see “Contents of the NAT Configuration File” on page 321. DHCP On Windows XP: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\vmnetdhcp.conf On Windows Vista and Windows 7: C:\ProgramData\VMware\\vmnetdhcp.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking Table 15-4. Parameters to Map Virtual Machine Source and Destination Ports Parameter Description autodetect = The autodetect setting determines whether the VMware NAT device automatically attempts to map virtual machine source ports below 1024 to NAT source ports below 1024. A setting of 1 means true. A setting of 0 means false. On a Windows host, the default is 1 (true). On a Linux host, the default is 0 (false).
Workstation User’s Manual The [host] Section The [host] section includes parameters to configure the NAT connection. ip – The IP address that the NAT device should use. It can be followed by a slash and the number of bits in the subnet. netmask – The subnet mask to use for the NAT network. DHCP addresses are allocated from this range of addresses. configport – A port that can be used to access status information about the NAT device. device – The VMnet device to use.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking nameserver2 – IP address of a DNS server to use. nameserver3 – IP address of a DNS server to use. If autodetect is on and some name servers are specified, the DNS servers specified in nameserver1, nameserver2, and nameserver3 are added before the list of detected DNS servers. The [netbios] Section The [netbios] section applies to Windows hosts only. Linux does not use this section. nbnsTimeout = 2 – Timeout, in seconds, for NBNS queries.
Workstation User’s Manual Considerations for Using NAT Consider the following items when you use NAT: NAT causes some performance loss. Because NAT requires that every packet sent to and received from a virtual machine must be in the NAT network, an unavoidable performance penalty occurs. NAT is not perfectly transparent. NAT does not usually allow connections to be initiated from outside the network, although you can manually configure the NAT device to set up server connections.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking Use NAT to Connect to an Existing WINS Server Set Up on the Host To use NAT to connect, a WINS server in the same workgroup or domain must be set up on the host. This procedure applies to the Windows 2000, XP, 2003 Server, NT, Me, and 9x guest versions. Differences for Windows Vista and Windows 7, are noted in the specific steps.
Workstation User’s Manual To enter the IP address of a WINS server manually 1 2 In the virtual machine, right‐click My Network Places and choose Properties. For Windows Vista, open the Network and Sharing Center and click the View Status link for the connection that uses the needed virtual network adapter. For Windows 7, open the Network and Sharing Center and click one of the Local Area Connection link for the connection that uses the needed virtual network adapter.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking Sample Linux nat.conf File # Linux NAT configuration file [host] # NAT gateway address ip = 192.168.237.2/24 hostMAC = 00:50:56:C0:00:08 # enable configuration; disabled by default for security reasons #configport = 33445 # vmnet device if not specified on command line device = vmnet8 # Allow PORT/EPRT FTP commands (they need incoming TCP stream...) activeFTP = 1 # Allows the source to have any OUI.
Workstation User’s Manual #nameserver2 = 63.93.12.3 #nameserver3 = 208.23.14.4 [netbios] # This section applies only to Windows. # Timeout for NBNS queries. nbnsTimeout = 2 # Number of retries for each NBNS query. nbnsRetries = 3 # Timeout for NBDS queries. nbdsTimeout = 3 [incomingtcp] # Use these with care - anyone can enter into your virtual machine through # these... # FTP (both active and passive FTP is always enabled) # ftp localhost 8887 #8887 = 192.168.27.
Chapter 15 Advanced Virtual Networking Make sure the Samba password file includes entries for all users of the virtual machine who will access the host’s file system. The user names and passwords in the Samba password file must match those used for logging on to the guest operating system. Add Users to the Samba Password File You can add user names and passwords to the Samba password file at any time from a terminal window on your Linux host computer.
Workstation User’s Manual Use Samba Without Network Access To make Samba inaccessible from your physical network interface, you must configure the configuration file. To use Samba without network access 1 Open the configuration file: /etc/samba/smb.conf 2 Add the following line to the configuration file and save the changes. interfaces = vmnet* 3 330 Restart Samba. VMware, Inc.
16 Connecting Devices 16 This chapter describes how to use various devices with a virtual machine.
Workstation User’s Manual Add a Virtual Parallel Port to a Virtual Machine If the virtual machine is configured with a parallel port, most guest operating systems detect the port at installation time and install the required drivers. Some operating systems, including Linux, Windows NT, and Windows 2000, automatically detect the ports at boot time. Others, like Windows 95 and Windows 98, do not. To add a virtual parallel port to a virtual machine 1 Select the virtual machine.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices To troubleshoot ECR errors for parallel ports 1 Reboot the host. 2 Early in the boot process, press and hold down the Delete key to enter the host computer’s BIOS configuration editor. 3 Find the parallel port field and enable Extended Capability Port (ECP) mode or a combination of modes that includes ECP. Most modern computers support ECP mode.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 If the lp module is loaded, run the following command as root to remove it: rmmod lp 4 To verify that the line referring to the lp module in the /etc/modules.conf or /etc/conf.modules file is removed or commented out, insert a pound sign (#) at the beginning of the line. The name of the configuration file depends on the Linux distribution you are using. When you reboot the host after removing this line, the configuration file no longer starts the lp module.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices Using Serial Ports A Workstation virtual machine can use up to four virtual serial ports. The virtual serial ports can be configured in several ways: Connect a virtual serial port to a physical serial port on the host computer. Connect a virtual serial port to a file on the host computer. Make a direct connection between two virtual machines or between a virtual machine and an application running on the host computer.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 Choose VM > Settings. 4 On the Hardware tab, click Add. 5 In the Add Hardware wizard, select Serial Port and click Next. 6 On the Serial Port Type page, do one of the following: 7 For physical devices such as modems, select Use physical serial port on the host, click Next, and choose the port on the host computer that you want to use for this serial connection.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices 11 (Optional) On the Hardware tab of the virtual machine settings editor, to configure this serial port to use polled mode, select Yield CPU on poll. This option is of interest to developers who are using debugging tools that communicate over a serial connection. If the serial port in the guest is being used in polled mode rather than interrupt mode, you might notice performance issues.
Workstation User’s Manual Debugging over a Virtual Serial Port Using virtual machines, you can debug kernel code on one system without the need for two physical computers, a modem, or a serial cable. You can use Debugging Tools for Windows (WinDbg) or Kernel Debugger (KD) to debug kernel code in a virtual machine over a virtual serial port. You can Download Debugging Tools for Windows from the Windows Hardware Developer Central (WHDC) Web site.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices Before you begin, download and install WinDbg or KD in the Windows guest that you plan to use as the debugger virtual machine. To debug an application from another virtual machine 1 Prepare the virtual machines as described in “Add a Virtual Serial Port to a Virtual Machine” on page 335. 2 Power on both virtual machines. 3 Use the VM > Removable Devices menu to make sure the serial port is connected.
Workstation User’s Manual Hot Keys for Virtual Machines Hot keys let you specify the key combination that is used with hot‐key sequences for virtual machines. For example, you can require that all hot‐key sequences use Ctrl+Shift+Alt. Configuring hot keys is useful to prevent certain key combinations (such as Ctrl+Alt+Del) from being intercepted by Workstation instead of being sent to the guest operating system.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices Specify a Language Keyboard Map for VNC Clients If you set a virtual machine to act as a VNC server, you can specify which language to use for the keyboard that VNC clients use. By default, the US101 keyboard map (U.S. English) is used. Before you begin, set the virtual machine to act as a VNC server. See “Configure a Virtual Machine as a VNC Server” on page 228. Also, determine the location of the keymap file to use.
Workstation User’s Manual To specify a language keyboard map for VNC clients 1 2 Use a text editor to open the configuration file (.vmx file) for the virtual machine and add the following lines, where is the port number to use: RemoteDisplay.vnc.enabled = "TRUE" RemoteDisplay.vnc.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices To configure keyboard mapping for a remote X server 1 Power off the virtual machine and close the Workstation window. 2 On the machine that hosts the virtual machine, add one of the following lines to the virtual machine configuration (.vmx) file or to ~/.vmware/config: If you use an XFree86‐based server that Workstation does not recognize as an XFree86 server, use the following property: xkeymap.
Workstation User’s Manual To change how a specific key is mapped 1 Power off the virtual machine and close the Workstation window. 2 On the machine that hosts the virtual machine, add the following line to the virtual machine configuration (.vmx) file or to ~/.vmware/config: xkeymap.keycode. = "" The value must be a decimal number and must be a C‐syntax hexadecimal number (for example, 0x001).
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices into keysyms that have names like space, escape, x and 2. You can use an X application to control the mapping by using the function XChangeKeyboardMapping() or by the program xmodmap. To explore keyboard mappings, you can use the xev command, which shows the key codes and keysyms for keys typed into its window. A key code corresponds roughly to a physical key, while a keysym corresponds to the symbol on the key top.
Workstation User’s Manual Workstation determines which table to use by examining the current X keymap. However, its decision‐making process can sometimes fail. In addition, each mapping is fixed and might not be completely correct for any given keyboard and X key code‐to‐keysym mapping. For example, a user might have swapped Ctrl and Caps Lock using xmodmap.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices To change the keysym mapping of a few keys, set the following property for each key, on separate lines: xkeymap.keysym. = "" The value must be an X keysym name and is a C‐syntax hexadecimal number (for example, 0x001). Most v‐scan codes are listed in “V‐Scan Code Table” on page 347. The xkeymap tables themselves are also helpful. 3 Save and close the file. V-Scan Code Table Table 16‐1 shows the v‐scan codes for the 104‐key U.S.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 16-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S. Keyboard (Continued) Symbol Shifted Symbol Location T 0x014 Y 0x015 U 0x016 I 0x017 O 0x018 P 0x019 [ { 0x01a ] } 0x01b Enter 0x01c Ctrl left 0x01d A 0x01e S 0x01f D 0x020 F 0x021 G 0x022 H 0x023 J 0x024 K 0x025 L 0x026 ; 0x027 ʹ 0x028 ` 0x029 Shift \ 348 V-Scan Code left | 0x02a 0x02b Z 0x02c X 0x02d C 0x02e V 0x02f B 0x030 VMware, Inc.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices Table 16-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S. Keyboard (Continued) Symbol Shifted Symbol Location V-Scan Code N 0x031 M 0x032 , < 0x033 .
Workstation User’s Manual Table 16-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices The 84‐key keyboard has a Sys Req key on the numeric pad. Its v‐scan code is 0x054. Keyboards outside the U.S. usually have an extra key (often < > or < > |) next to the left Shift key. The v‐scan code for this key is 0x056. Using USB Devices in a Virtual Machine You can connect up to 20 USB devices to one virtual machine simultaneously. Workstation provides two USB controllers per virtual machine, a UHCI controller for USB 1.1 devices and an EHCI controller for USB 2.
Workstation User’s Manual Enable the USB 2.0 Controller for a Virtual Machine The virtual machineʹs USB controller and high‐speed USB 2.0 devices are enabled by default. Modems and certain streaming data devices, such as speakers and webcams, do not work properly unless you enable USB 2.0 support. If your virtual machine was created using an older version of Workstation the USB 2.0 device support is not enabled. You can enable the USB controller in the virtual machine settings editor of Workstation 7.0.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices 3 Choose VM > Settings. 4 On the Hardware tab, click Add to start the Add Hardware wizard. 5 On the Hardware Type page, select USB Controller and click Next. 6 On the USB page, click Finish. 7 In the virtual machine settings editor, click OK. You can now start the virtual machine and automatically or manually connect USB devices and smart card readers. Connecting USB Devices When a virtual machine is running, its window is the active window.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 On the Hardware tab, select USB Controller. 4 Select or deselect the Automatically connect new USB devices check box to enable or disable the setting and click OK. Enable or Disable Show All USB Input Devices The Show all USB input devices option is disabled by default. This option enables users to use special USB HIDs inside a virtual machine exclusively. NOTE An HID that is connected to the guest is not available to the host.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices To connect a USB device manually 1 Select the virtual machine. 2 Make sure the virtual machine is powered on. 3 Choose VM > Removable Devices > . Here specifies the USB device that is plugged in to the host. A check mark appears next to the device’s name, indicating that it is connected. If the physical USB devices are connected to the host through a hub, the virtual machine sees only the USB devices, not the hub.
Workstation User’s Manual Access and Use a USB Device on a Linux Host On Linux hosts, Workstation uses the USB device file system to connect to USB devices. If the USB device file system is not located in /proc/bus/usb, you must mount the USB file system to that location. Before you begin, add a USB controller to the virtual machine if the virtual machine does not have one. See “Add a USB Controller to a Virtual Machine” on page 352.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices Troubleshoot Device Control Issues on a Linux Host On Linux hosts, guest operating systems can use devices that are not already in use by the host, that is, devices that are not claimed by a host operating system driver. If the device is in use by the host and you try to choose VM > Removable Devices to connect it to the guest, a dialog box appears, asking whether you want to disconnect the driver on the host. Occasionally, disconnecting the device fails.
Workstation User’s Manual This is important with data storage devices (a Zip drive, for example). If you move a data storage device too soon after saving a file and the operating system did not actually write the data to the disk, you can lose data. Use Smart Cards with Virtual Machines A smart card is a plastic card about the size of a credit card but embedded with a computer chip.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices Smart cards can be used with many Linux distributions. VMware provides full smart card support for Windows guests running on Linux hosts. However, using smart cards within Linux, typically requires third party software to effectively authenticate to a domain or enable secure communications. Smart cards should work with common Linux browsers, email applications, and directory services however, these products have not been tested or certified by VMware.
Workstation User’s Manual 5 To remove the smart card from the virtual machine, choose VM > Removable Devices > Virtual > Remove Smart Card. The smart card is removed from the virtual machine but stays connected on the host. If the smart card is physically removed from the smart card reader then this option is disabled. 6 To insert the smart card to the virtual machine, choose VM > Removable Devices > Virtual > Insert Smart Card.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices The setting that controls smart card sharing is located in the global configuration file. The global configuration file is created when you change any of the default settings in the Workstation preferences editor (Edit > Preferences). The file location depends on the host operating system: On most Windows hosts: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware Workstation\config.
Workstation User’s Manual Installing Required Adapters or Drivers for Some Windows Guests On older Windows guest operating systems, you might need to install special host bus adapters. To use a SCSI device with 32‐bit Windows XP guests, you must install a special driver that VMware provides. Installing a SCSI Adapter on Windows 9.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices Avoiding Concurrent Access on Linux Hosts The SCSI generic driver sets up a mapping for each SCSI device in /dev. Each entry starts with sg (for the SCSI generic driver) followed by a number. For example, /dev/sg0 is the first generic SCSI device.
Workstation User’s Manual 5 On the Choose SCSI Device page, from the drop‐down menu of SCSI devices, select the physical device to map. If you do not see the device you want in the list, see “Troubleshoot Problems Detecting Generic SCSI Devices” on page 364. On Linux hosts, if you type in the path to the SCSI device, do not enter /dev/st0 or /dev/sr0. 6 Select the Connect at power on check box to configure automatic connection behavior and click Finish.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices The main reasons Workstation cannot detect a device include the following: A driver for that device is not installed on the host. A driver on the host prevents the device from being detected. The virtual machine uses a device for which there are no drivers available to the host operating system. In this case, add the device manually to the virtual machine’s configuration (.vmx) file. Adding a device in this manner is recommended for advanced users only.
Workstation User’s Manual If the device on the host is located on bus 2 with target ID 4, change this line to: scsi0:4.fileName = "scsi2:4" If your problem was that the virtual machine has a SCSI adapter and generic SCSI device, but Workstation did not recognize the device when the virtual machine was powered on, you can stop at this point.
Chapter 16 Connecting Devices To use four-way virtual symmetric multiprocessing Do one of the following: For a new virtual machine, choose the custom configuration in the New Virtual Machine wizard. On the Processor Configuration page, specify the number. For an existing virtual machine, choose VM > Settings and on the Hardware tab, select Processors and specify the number. Use a Virtual Machine That Originally Had More Than Four Virtual Processors You can use Workstation 7.
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17 Special-Purpose Configuration Options for Windows Hosts 17 You can use configuration options for tasks, such as restricting the operations a user can perform with a virtual machine or simplifying the user interface for inexperienced users. In a classroom, for example, you can ensure that virtual machine configurations remain consistent from one class session to the next.
Workstation User’s Manual The user cannot change virtual networking settings (Edit > Virtual Network Editor). The user starts the virtual machine by double‐clicking the configuration (.vmx) file or a desktop shortcut. The user shuts down by closing the virtual machine (File > Exit). It is also possible to launch Workstation and open a restricted‐interface virtual machine from the Favorites list or File menu.
Chapter 17 Special-Purpose Configuration Options for Windows Hosts 3 Configure the virtual machine to return to the snapshot any time it is powered off: Choose VM > Settings > Options > Snapshot/Replay and select After Powering Off and Revert to Snapshot. 4 With the virtual machine powered off, restrict the user interface, as follows: a Close the VMware Workstation window. b Open the virtual machine’s configuration file (.vmx file) in a text editor. c Add the following line anywhere in the file.
Workstation User’s Manual Making a Virtual Machine Always Use Full Screen Switch Mode Full screen switch mode is a runtime option for Workstation on Windows hosts. When Workstation is running in full screen switch mode, the user has no access to the Workstation user interface. The user cannot create, reconfigure, or launch virtual machines. A system administrator performs these functions.
Chapter 17 Special-Purpose Configuration Options for Windows Hosts FullScreenSwitch.hostDirectKey = "" Use this setting to define a hot key for switching directly to the host operating system. See “Host Operating System Hot Key” on page 376. 3 (Optional) Specify other full screen switch mode settings you want to use.
Workstation User’s Manual Table 17-1. Modifier Keys for Hot-Key Entries Modifier Key Hexadecimal Value No modifier 0x0 Alt 0x1 Ctrl 0x2 Shift 0x4 Win (Windows) 0x8 Ctrl+Alt 0x3 Alt+Shift 0x5 Ctrl+Shift 0x6 Ctrl+Alt+Shift 0x7 Win+Alt 0x9 Win+Ctrl 0xa Win+Ctrl+Alt 0xb Win+Shift 0xc Win+Shift+Alt 0xd Win+Shift+Ctrl 0xe Win+Shift+Ctrl+Alt 0xf Keep the following limitations in mind when defining cycle keys and switch keys: Do not use the Pause key with the Ctrl key.
Chapter 17 Special-Purpose Configuration Options for Windows Hosts Hot Key for Cycling Through Virtual Machines and the Host Computer You can specify a hot key or hot‐key combination for cycling through the available virtual machines on a host computer when running Workstation in full screen switch mode. Hot keys behave in the following manner: Each time you press the specified hot key, the next virtual machine appears in order. You can also include the host operating system in the cycle.
Workstation User’s Manual Virtual Machine Hot Key You define the hot key used to switch to a virtual machine by adding a local configuration setting in the virtual machine’s .vmx file. Use the following format:
Chapter 17 Special-Purpose Configuration Options for Windows Hosts Table 17-2. Optional Global Configuration File Entries Default Setting Option Description Isolation.tools.copy.disable This option determines whether data in one virtual machine or the host operating system can be copied to another virtual machine or to the host operating system. TRUE Isolation.tools.paste.
Workstation User’s Manual Issue the vmware-fullscreen command once for each virtual machine you want to start or stop. The syntax for this command is: C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\vmware-fullscreen.exe [-poweron | -poweroff | -exit | -switchto | -query | -listvms] You can type these commands at the Windows command prompt or create scripts to run multiple commands. Table 17‐3 describes the available options and parameters. Table 17-3.
Chapter 17 Special-Purpose Configuration Options for Windows Hosts Table 17-3. Command-Line Options for the vmware-fullscreen Program (Continued) Option Parameters Description Depending on the parameter you use, switches to the specified virtual machine, host operating system, or next machine (virtual machine or host) in the cycling order. A virtual machine must be powered on before you can switch to it.
Workstation User’s Manual VMware recommends using a full path. If you use a relative path, the location is relative to the directory that is active when the vmware-fullscreen command is issued for the first time after the host computer reboots. Guest ACPI S1 Sleep Workstation provides experimental support for guest operating system ACPI S1 sleep. Not all guest operating systems support this feature. Common guest operating system interfaces for entering standby are supported.
18 Learning the Basics of VMware ACE 18 This chapter provides an overview of how to use Workstation to create and deploy virtual machines for end users. ACE (Assured Computing Environment) features are available only in the version of Workstation that runs on Windows hosts.
Workstation User’s Manual With virtual rights management, built‐in copy protection controls, and automatic encryption, VMware ACE helps prevent theft, tampering, and unauthorized copying of applications, data, system settings, and files. Administrators can protect data and ensure compliance with IT policies, including software life‐cycle management and access to data and applications. Key Features of VMware ACE The key features of VMware ACE include manageability, security, and usability.
Chapter 18 Learning the Basics of VMware ACE Usability The customizable interface lets you customize the behavior and look and feel for users. Pocket ACE lets you store a computing environment on portable devices such as USB keys (flash memory drives), Apple iPod mobile digital devices, and portable hard drives. You can plug the portable device into any x86 PC.
Workstation User’s Manual Network and Disk Space Requirements for the Administrative Workstation As an administrator, you use Workstation to create and manage the virtual machines you distribute to end users. Following is a list of prerequisites for the machine that hosts Workstation: If your company already has a library of standard virtual machines, you need network access to that library from your host computer.
Chapter 18 Learning the Basics of VMware ACE Overview of Creating and Deploying ACE Packages The following is an overview of the tasks you must perform to create, deploy, and manage ACE instances. 1 With Workstation on a Windows host, create or clone a virtual machine that meets the requirements of your end users. The procedures are the same as for any virtual machine.
Workstation User’s Manual 6 Specify deployment settings for the ACE instance. Deployment settings control such things as encryption, package lifetime, and security IDs. See Chapter 20, “Deploying ACE Packages,” on page 435. 7 Create packages to deploy to end users. Workstation guides you through the process. See “Creating a Package” on page 449 or Chapter 21, “Pocket ACE,” on page 457. 8 Distribute packages to end users.
Chapter 18 Learning the Basics of VMware ACE Click a button in the ACE toolbar. Right‐click the ACE‐enabled virtual machine in the sidebar and choose an ACE‐related command. ACE Management Server has two interfaces: In Workstation, select an ACE Management Server in the sidebar to display the instance view. Use the VMware Help Desk application. Because this interface is browser‐based, you can use it from machines that do not have Workstation installed.
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19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player 19 This chapter describes how to set policies for an ACE‐enabled virtual machine and customize the VMware Player interface for end users.
Workstation User’s Manual Benefits of Using Policies Policies give you control over many aspects of the ACE instances you distribute to end users. For example, you can set policies for the following security purposes: Permit the ACE instance to be used only by certain users and groups defined in an Active Directory domain. Specify which network resources end users may access from the virtual machine.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Setting Access Control Policies Activation and authentication policies control access to installed ACE packages and the instances created from those packages. The activation policy specifies who can access an installed ACE package and turn it into an ACE instance. The authentication policy specifies who can run an ACE instance.
Workstation User’s Manual Create or Edit an Access Control Policy After you enable ACE features for a virtual machine, you can create a policy to control which end users can access an installed ACE package and turn it into an ACE instance. This policy also controls which users can power on an ACE instance. To create or edit an access control policy 1 Select the ACE‐enabled virtual machine and choose VM > ACE > Policies.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Activation key – This option is available if you use ACE Management Server without Active Directory integration. You specify one or more keys and the end user must enter a key that is in that list. Activation keys are serial numbers (free‐form strings) that can be tracked as used or unused by the server. You can enter the keys or import them from a text file.
Workstation User’s Manual Using an Authentication Script You can create a custom authentication script that runs on the end user’s computer to determine who can use the instance. To require that the user signs the script before deployment to prevent tampering, set a resource signing policy. See “Setting Resource Signing Policies” on page 401. For instructions on creating and deploying the script, see “Specify a Script and a Command to Run It” on page 398.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # This script assumes that the username is defined in the environment variable TEST_USERNAME (a ficticious environment variable used for this sample) and returns TRUE if the user is allowed to run, and FALSE otherwise. Input to script: None. Returns: TRUE if username is on white list. FALSE if username is not on white list or is undefined.
Workstation User’s Manual Set a Recovery Key for Encrypted ACE Instances You can specify the key to be used for access to encrypted ACE instances. This key enables you to reset the password for a deployed ACE instance, activate an expired instance, and run a copy‐protected instance. To set a recovery key for encrypted ACE instances 1 On the access control policy page, click Recovery key. 2 In the Recovery Key dialog box, select Use recovery key.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Active Directory Password Change Proxying You can provide additional security for your ACE instances by integrating with Active Directory. You can specify password expiration and change requirements, set up the domain to expire passwords, and require password changes periodically. These settings are in addition to ACE access control policy settings.
Workstation User’s Manual To query key values that have already been set Do one of the following: From a Windows guest, enter the following at a command prompt: cd "C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Tools" vmtoolsd.exe --cmd "machine.id.get" vmtoolsd.exe --cmd "info-get guestinfo." vmtoolsd.exe --cmd "info-get guestinfo.script_status" From a Linux guest, enter the following at a command prompt: vmtoolsd --cmd "machine.id.get" vmtoolsd --cmd "info-get guestinfo.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player 3 4 In the policy editor, do one of the following: If the script is a custom authentication script, select Access Control and in the Authentication section, select Script and click Set Script. If the script is for passing host information to the guest, select Host‐Guest Data Script, select Run a host‐guest script at power on, and click Set. In the dialog box that appears, browse to the script file and click Open.
Workstation User’s Manual You can also set and customize a warning message that appears each time an instance powers on as the expiration date approaches. An expiration message appears when the instance expires and the instance can no longer be powered on. A standalone ACE instance has the same expiration policy as all instances created from the corresponding ACE package. The fixed expiration date or the fixed date range is established at activation time.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Every ACE instance has a copy protection identifier (CPID) that contains the path to the ACE instance on the host file system. For standard ACE instances, the CPID also contains the system’s BIOS ID. For Pocket ACE instances, the CPID contains the file system ID. If copy protection is on, Workstation compares the current CPID with the stored CPID. If they do not match, the instance was moved or copied.
Workstation User’s Manual Setting Network Access Policies The network access feature uses a packet‐filtering firewall to enable you to specify which machines or subnets an ACE instance or its host system may access. This means that you can, for example, configure the instance so that it is allowed to connect only to your VPN server, which then controls access to other resources.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Host policies do not apply to Pocket ACE instances. If you specify a restricted host policy for an ACE‐enabled virtual machine and then create a Pocket ACE package with that ACE‐enabled virtual machine, the package is created but the host policy is not included in the package. You cannot view changes to host policies in the preview mode. If you want to test the effects of such changes, you must perform a test deployment.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 Complete the wizard. Depending on which configuration type you choose, a new zone might be added to the Network Access settings panel, and new rulesets might appear in the Host Network Access and Guest Network Access columns in the table. 4 (Optional) To view or edit the zones or rulesets you created with the wizard, click the zone or ruleset name in the table on the Network Access settings panel.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player There are trade‐offs between using shorter and longer lists of conditions. If you use a longer list, you minimize the chances of a false‐positive result or a misidentification. Minimizing the chance of a false‐positive result or a misidentification can be important if you are providing an ACE package to someone who connects a host computer to multiple networks at different times.
Workstation User’s Manual DNS servers – Specifies one or more IP addresses or host names for DNS servers on the network. A network adapter matches this condition if it is using at least one of these servers. If the value of the Match at least option is greater than 1, the host must be using the specified number of DNS servers on the list before a network adapter is considered to be on the defined network.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player To add or edit a network zone 1 2 In the policy editor, select Network Access and do one of the following: To add a zone, click Add Zone and click the New Zone entry that appears in the table. To edit a zone, click the name of the zone in the Zones column of the table. Complete the fields in the zone editor that appears and click OK.
Workstation User’s Manual The packet is compared to each rule in order until it matches a rule or it was compared with all of the rules. When a match is made, the packet‐to‐rule comparison ends. The packet is not compared to subsequent rules in the ordered list. If it was compared to all rules without a match, the default rule action is applied.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player 4 (Optional) Use the Rule Editor dialog box to specify the type of traffic, whether to block or allow traffic from specified network locations, the protocol, and ports or port ranges. Addresses – To edit an existing host name or address, double‐click that item and edit it. The wildcard setting for all IP addresses is 0.0.0.0/0. Protocol – To allow or block communication for a specific protocol, select Custom from the Protocol list.
Workstation User’s Manual To change NAT settings 1 In the policy editor, select Network Access. 2 Click Host Virtual Network on the policy page. 3 In the NAT section of the dialog box, select Assign IP addresses from this subnet. 4 Type the subnet IP address to use, enter zero (0) as the last byte in the address, and click OK. 5 Create an ACE package and deploy the package. The NAT setting is not a dynamic policy setting.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player 5 Click OK. 6 Create an ACE package and deploy the package.
Workstation User’s Manual Setting USB Device Policies You can set USB device policies to restrict the ACE user’s access to USB devices. The policies are dynamic. This means that you can change the settings on deployed ACE instances by publishing a policy update to ACE Management Server. Access Levels for USB Devices You can set restrictions at various levels of specificity, and you can mix levels of restriction in a policy setting.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Before you use the policy editor, determine a strategy for setting the policy. If you want a restricted environment, you can plan to generally block access to all USB devices and then specify exactly which classes or specific devices to allow. See “Access Levels for USB Devices” on page 412. To set an access policy for USB devices 1 In the policy editor, select USB Devices.
Workstation User’s Manual Setting Virtual Printer Policies VMware ACE includes a virtual printer that allows users to print to any printer available to the host computer without installing additional drivers in the virtual machine.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Setting Runtime Preferences Policies You can set options on the Runtime Preferences policy page to specify which Workstation runtime attributes the user can choose. Runtime Preferences Settings Use the following information to decide which features to enable: Always run in full screen – VMware Player fills the full screen when it starts, hiding the host operating system.
Workstation User’s Manual Enhanced Virtual Keyboard Settings Use the following information to decide which features to enable: Require enhanced virtual keyboard for secure input – This setting applies only to Windows hosts running Windows guests. This feature provides better handling of international keyboards and keyboards with extra keys.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player When closing a Pocket ACE instance – If you select User Preference, the user has access to Go mobile and Ask to go mobile or stay connected to the computer in the Preferences dialog box in VMware Player (File > Preferences). Always Go – The virtual machine is powered off and synchronized to the host. After synchronization, the user can unplug the USB device and use it in another machine.
Workstation User’s Manual Setting Snapshot Policies You can set policy options for two types of snapshots: Reimage snapshots – At installation time, a snapshot is taken after all of the required instance setup steps are complete, including, if applicable, encryption, instance customization, and domain join. The snapshot is taken before the virtual machine runs for the first time. NOTE Manually disable the automatic reimage snapshot by editing the ACE‐enabled virtual machine’s aceMaster.dat file.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Setting Administrator Mode Policies You can use the administrator mode policy to set an administrative password so that you can do any of the following: Run the ACE instance on the user’s machine and enter administrator mode to access the virtual machine settings and make changes to the instance’s configuration. You can only edit the settings. You cannot add or remove virtual hardware devices.
Workstation User’s Manual Setting Kiosk Mode Policies When an ACE instance runs in kiosk mode, the user cannot access the host system at all. For example, the user cannot shut down the host machine. The virtual machine runs in full screen mode and does not display the ACE menu bar or ACE Player online help.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Setting Hot-Fix Policies for Standalone ACE Instances This policy enables users of standalone ACE instances to request hot fixes if they lose or forget the ACE password, try to run an expired ACE instance, or move a copy‐protected ACE instance to a new location. To address these types of problems for managed rather than standalone ACE instances, use the VMware Help Desk Web application or the instance view in Workstation.
Workstation User’s Manual Policy updates take effect while the instance is running, with the following exceptions: Updates to access control policies, which include user and group lists, passwords, and scripts, take effect the next time the instance is powered on. Updates to policy update frequency policies, if set to Only when the ACE instance powers on, take effect the next time the instance is powered on.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player 5 Find the creatorID property and set it to the same identifier. For example, to set the creator ID to creator1, edit the line as follows: creatorID = "creator1" Only ACE instances with this creator ID can run on the same host. The ID string is in plain text in the aceMaster.dat file on the administrator’s machine, but it is hidden in the policy file.
Workstation User’s Manual Writing Plug-In Policy Scripts You can write scripts to control certain policies in VMware Player. You may use any language that is supported on the user’s computer. For security reasons, scripts must be deployed as part of a package and installed by the package installer. Users cannot modify these scripts. When scripts run, they must write the appropriate values to the StdOut file. Output to the StdOut file might be up to 4096 bytes long.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Examples of Policy Scripts Examples include an authentication script, a host to guest data script, and a power‐on hook script. Sample scripts are installed with VMware Player in the following location: C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Player\Samples Example of an Authentication Script This script example includes the basic elements required for any authentication script.
Workstation User’s Manual # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # None. Returns: 0 if successful (user is correctly authenticated). -1 if TEST_USERNAME is not set, or the user is unrecognized. Expected output: Seed data for creating script authentication key on stdout. Notes: If the script returns success, its output will be used to create a key. Therefore, it is important that the output of this script be unique for each user, and that there is enough data to make a meaningful key (at least 16 bytes).
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # Description: This sample script passes information defined on the host to the guest. It assumes that the machine name is defined in the environment variable TEST_MACHINENAME and that the asset tag is defined in the environment variable TEST_ASSETTAG. (These are fictitious variables used for this # # sample). Input to script: None. Returns: 0 if successful.
Workstation User’s Manual # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # This script assumes that the username is defined in the environment variable TEST_USERNAME (a ficticious environment variable used for this sample) and returns TRUE if the user is allowed to run, and FALSE otherwise. Input to script: None. Returns: TRUE if username is on white list. FALSE if username is not on white list or is undefined.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player To create and specify a skin file 1 Use a text editor to create a skin file that includes the parameters to customize. Use one line for each parameter and use the following form: = "" For a list of values to use in parameters, see Table 19‐2, Table 19‐3, and Table 19‐4. To comment out a line in the skin file, begin the line with the pound (#) sign. 2 Save the skin file with the filename skin.
Workstation User’s Manual The icons used for these purposes must be in .ico file format and located in the ACE Resources subdirectory in the virtual machine directory. The applicable parameters in the skin file include the following: player.iconSmall = "" player.iconLarge = "" One .ico file can contain multiple icons of different sizes. You can specify the same .ico file for player.iconSmall and player.iconLarge. VMware Player extracts the icon of the appropriate size for each use.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Settings you make in the skin file override any settings the user makes in the VMware Player preferences dialog box. Use the following parameter to control whether devices are shown as toolbar items: player.deviceBar.toplevel = [TRUE | FALSE] Set the parameter to TRUE for a toolbar or FALSE for a menu. Use the parameters shown in Table 19‐3 to customize the display for each removable device configured in the virtual machine. Table 19-3.
Workstation User’s Manual Following are the device names you can use for in the parameter name: floppy0, floppy1 serial0, serial1, serial2, serial3 parallel0, parallel1, parallel2 ide0:0, ide0:1, ide1:0, ide1:1 (IDE CD‐ROM or hard drives) scsi0:0 – scsi0:7 (SCSI CD‐ROM or hard drives) Shortcut Key Values Use virtual key codes to specify keyboard shortcuts. Virtual key codes use hexadecimal format, which is a hexadecimal number preceded by 0x.
Chapter 19 Setting and Using Policies and Customizing VMware Player Keep the following limitations in mind when defining shortcut keys: Do not use the Pause key with the Ctrl key. If you use F12, you must use one or more modifier keys. You cannot use F12 alone. You cannot use combinations that include only the Shift, Ctrl, and Alt keys. You can use these keys only as modifiers in combination with some other key. Sample Skin File player.title.prefix = "Our Company <<" player.title.
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20 Deploying ACE Packages 20 This chapter provides instructions for specifying deployment settings for ACE packages, creating ACE packages, and deploying packages to end users.
Workstation User’s Manual To edit deployment settings 1 Select the ACE‐enabled virtual machine and choose VM > ACE > Deployment Settings. 2 In the deployment settings editor, select an item in the Setting list. 3 Complete the settings panel for that deployment setting and click OK or select another setting to edit. For assistance with the fields on a settings panel, click Help.
Chapter 20 Deploying ACE Packages Change Package Lifetime Settings for a Managed Package If you use the ACE Management Server, you can change the package lifetime settings or deactivate a package immediately. Before you begin, make sure Workstation is connected to the ACE Management Server. For information about installing and setting up the server, see the ACE Management Server Administrator’s Guide.
Workstation User’s Manual Instance Customization Process During Packaging If you specify instance customization deployment settings, the following events occur when you complete the New Package wizard: 1 A snapshot of the ACE‐enabled virtual machine is taken and saved. 2 The ACE‐enabled virtual machine is powered on, and all the required deployment tools and files, including the appropriate Microsoft Sysprep tools, are copied into the guest. There is no visible indication showing the copying process.
Chapter 20 Deploying ACE Packages 5 (Optional) If you configured a remote domain join, the software executes the script you specified, connects the ACE instance to the VPN server, and joins the virtual machine to the domain. See “Set Up a Remote Domain Join” on page 443. 6 For managed instances, instance customization is reported to the server if it is successful. Prerequisites for Using Instance Customization Instance customization is available for both managed and standalone ACE instances.
Workstation User’s Manual Download the Microsoft Sysprep Deployment Tools You do not need to download Microsoft Sysprep deployment tools if you have a Windows Vista and Windows 7 operating system. They are included with the Windows Vista and Windows 7 installation. To download the Microsoft Sysprep deployment tools 1 Go to the Microsoft Web site and search for Sysprep deployment tools. 2 Follow the instructions on the site for downloading the Sysprep deployment tools.
Chapter 20 Deploying ACE Packages 3 Select System Options and complete the settings panel. Use the following information to complete the fields: System options – You can use placeholder variables for the system name, organization name, and computer name. For details on the placeholder variables, including an example, see “Placeholder Values to Use in Instance Customization” on page 442.
Workstation User’s Manual Placeholder Values to Use in Instance Customization Use placeholder values to construct machine‐specific names inside the guest operating system during the Mini‐Setup process. Following are the available placeholders: %logon_user% or %logon_user(n)% – The user logged in to the host machine at the time the Microsoft Mini‐Setup process begins.
Chapter 20 Deploying ACE Packages Specify Additional License Information for Windows Server Products To supply additional license information for Windows Server products, you can add a file named sysprep_license.txt to the ACE‐enabled virtual machine directory. To specify additional license information for Windows Server products 1 Use a text editor to create a file named sysprep_license.txt in the virtual machine directory for the ACE‐enabled virtual machine.
Workstation User’s Manual Before you begin, perform the following tasks: Determine which VPN client to download. The VPN client must support a command‐line interface so that a script can be used for logging in to the VPN server. You might need to contact the VPN product’s technical support to find out whether the VPN client supports a command‐line interface. Obtain a VPN account for logging in to the server. Credentials include a user name and password.
Chapter 20 Deploying ACE Packages 4 Save the .bat file on the C: drive of the guest’s file system. 5 In Workstation, select the ACE‐enabled virtual machine and choose VM > ACE > Deployment Settings. 6 Select Workgroup or Domain. 7 In the settings panel, select Domain and specify an organizational unit and user name for an account that has permission to add computers to the domain. An example of an entry in the OU full path file is OU=orgunits,DC=dpt,DC=domain,DC=com.
Workstation User’s Manual The custom EULA must be a text file located in the ACE Resources directory for the ACE‐enabled virtual machine. The file can use the following formats: For Windows hosts, use a .txt or .rtf file. For Linux hosts, use a .txt file. If you plan to deploy the package to both Windows and Linux computers, use a .txt file. To specify whether to deploy to Windows hosts, Linux hosts, or both, use the Deployment Platform setting in the deployment settings editor.
Chapter 20 Deploying ACE Packages Icon files for removable devices or the VMware Player application See “Customizing the VMware Player Icons” on page 429 and “Customizing the Removable Device Display” on page 430. Custom EULAs See “Custom EULA Settings” on page 445. When you use the ACE Resources directory, take the following considerations into account: Do not place files in a subdirectory of the ACE Resources directory.
Workstation User’s Manual 4 To review virtual machine configuration options, click the Options tab. 5 To make changes to devices or options, click Edit virtual machine settings in the Commands list. 6 To review policies and deployment settings, click the ACE tab. 7 To make changes to policies or deployment settings, click Edit policies or Edit deployment settings in the Commands list.
Chapter 20 Deploying ACE Packages 4 In the summary view, click the Preview in Player in the Commands list. A package based on a linked clone is created in a new directory, Preview Deployment, inside the ACE‐enabled virtual machine’s directory. The linked clone is created from a snapshot of the virtual machine’s current state. Unlike a package that is deployed to an ACE user’s machine, this package is not installed.
Workstation User’s Manual Overview of Package Creation and Validation Depending on whether you want to deploy a new ACE instance or update an installed one, you can create any of the following types of packages: Full – Includes an installer and the additional files needed to install an ACE package and the VMware Player application that runs the ACE instance. A full package allows you to create a completely new ACE instance.
Chapter 20 Deploying ACE Packages Checks that the ACE‐enabled virtual machine can be cloned: that it is powered off, multiple snapshots are enabled, and it is not read‐only. Checks that the latest version of VMware Tools is installed. If instance customization is enabled, checks that the SysprepTools directory for the ACE‐enabled virtual machine’s guest operating system is not empty.
Workstation User’s Manual Prerequisites for Using the Packaging Wizards The following prerequisites apply to the New Package wizard and the Pocket ACE Package wizard: Ensure that the guest operating system and the most recent version of VMware Tools are installed in the ACE‐enabled virtual machine. See “Installing VMware Tools” on page 104. Defragment virtual disks to ensure that the package is as compact as possible. See “Defragment Virtual Disks” on page 239.
Chapter 20 Deploying ACE Packages To use instance customization, verify that the following prerequisites are satisfied: Make sure that the guest operating system is Windows XP, Windows 2000, or Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, or Windows 7. Copy the Microsoft Sysprep Deployment Tools into the correct folder for the virtual machine. See “Download the Microsoft Sysprep Deployment Tools” on page 440. If these tools are not available, the packaging operation fails.
Workstation User’s Manual 6 To begin the packaging process, click Next on the Package Summary page. Package creation takes a substantial amount of time, especially for packages that include large virtual machines or instance customization settings. During the instance customization stage, if the guest operating system does not shut down after approximately 10 minutes, the problem might be that the Sysprep tools were not in place.
Chapter 20 Deploying ACE Packages 3 On the Packages tab, double‐click the package name. 4 In the Package Properties dialog box, click the tabs to view the properties. 5 Click the Notes tab to add or edit notes. Existing notes might have been added when the package was created using the New Package wizard. These notes are not be seen by end users. They are visible only in the Workstation window.
Workstation User’s Manual 6 Start the ACE instance and activate it when prompted. Depending on how you configured the package, a Start menu item or a desktop shortcut or both are created on the client machine. Depending on the runtime preferences you set, the ACE instance might start in full screen mode when the host system starts. 7 Verify that the ACE instance is configured as you intended and runs as you expect.
21 Pocket ACE 21 The Pocket ACE feature enables you to store ACE instances on portable devices such as USB keys (flash memory drives), Apple iPod mobile digital devices, and portable hard drives. ACE users attach these portable devices to x86 host computers, run their ACE instances with VMware Player, and then detach the portable devices. The next time they need access to their ACE instances, they can attach the devices to the same host computers or to different computers.
Workstation User’s Manual Use Cases for Pocket ACE Use the following scenarios to determine when to use Pocket ACE and which kinds of policies to set for various situations: Providing access to employees working remotely – Employees often use their own home computer for accessing enterprise resources remotely. Unmanaged clients can be infected by malware or spyware. In addition, there is a risk of lost data if a remote user downloads sensitive data to a personal computer.
Chapter 21 Pocket ACE Providing access to offshore outsource partners – Typically, offshore partners manage and own the desktop systems they use. Because these resources are owned by an outside organization, they do not fall under standard IT policy. In some cases, desktop systems are purchased, imaged, and shipped to an offshore partner for accessing the enterprise. This is often a lengthy and costly process.
Workstation User’s Manual Policies and Deployment Settings for Pocket ACE Some policies apply only to Pocket ACE. You can set Pocket ACE close behavior by editing the runtime preferences policy. Close behavior determines whether the ACE instance is powered off or suspended when the user exits and whether changes are synchronized on the removable device. See “Pocket ACE Cache Settings” on page 417. Pocket ACE ignores some policies.
Chapter 21 Pocket ACE 3 To create a new Pocket ACE or an update package, choose VM > ACE > New Pocket ACE Package. 4 Complete the wizard. When you specify a location on the Name the Package page, choose a location on the administrator machine. Do not specify a location on the portable device. You deploy the package to the device after the package is created. The Completing the Pocket ACE Package Wizard page appears when the process is complete.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 If the Enter Password dialog box appears, enter the deployment password. 4 Complete the VMware Pocket ACE Deploy Utility dialog box and click Deploy. When you distribute the Pocket ACE, give it directly to the user and tell the user to keep the Pocket ACE secure until the user runs the ACE and changes the user password. Use the Command-Line Utility to Deploy Pocket ACE Packages The bulkDeploy.
Chapter 21 Pocket ACE Table 21-1. Deployment Commands (Continued) Parameter Usage -q Parameter to turn off reporting the progress of the bulk deployment. -t Performs a speed test to determine whether the USB device and the host USB stack are fast enough for Pocket ACE. If the test is successful, 0 is returned. If it fails, a negative number is returned. This test is always done at runtime when the Pocket ACE is opened. It is done when you use the bulkDeploy command only if you use the -t parameter.
Workstation User’s Manual The Pocket ACE runs primarily from the host cache, although it occasionally reads from the parent disk on the portable device. The ACE instance does not write to the parent disk until synchronization. To run a pocket ACE instance 1 Plug the portable device into the host computer. 2 If the host system’s Autorun configuration is not set to start the ACE instance automatically, do one of the following: On Windows hosts, navigate to the removable device and run the Pocket ACE.
22 Installing ACE Packages 22 This chapter includes the following topics: “Installing an ACE Package on a Windows Host” on page 465 “Installing an ACE Package on a Linux Host” on page 469 “Upgrading ACE Instances to ACE 2.
Workstation User’s Manual Install an ACE Instance on a Single Windows Host If VMware Player is not already installed on the machine, the installation program installs it before installing the virtual machine files that make up the ACE instance. Before you begin, consider the following prerequisites: Make sure the host computer has enough disk space for the ACE instance.
Chapter 22 Installing ACE Packages Install the MSI 2.0 Runtime Engine from an ACE Package The installer for the MSI 2.0 runtime engine is included in the VMware ACE package as the instmsiw.exe file. To install the MSI 2.0 runtime engine from an ACE package 1 On the host computer, open a command prompt. 2 Enter the following command: instmsiw.exe /Q For additional details on how to use the Microsoft Windows Installer, see the Microsoft Web site.
Workstation User’s Manual The default location for the virtual machine files: 3 On Windows XP is C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware ACE\. On Windows Vista and Windows 7 is C:\ProgramData\VMware\VMware ACE\ To customize the package, enter the following command: msiexec -i package.msi Enter the command on one line. The installation options follow. Table 22-1.
Chapter 22 Installing ACE Packages 3 Follow the instructions in the wizard. 4 (Optional) If you used Pocket ACE on this host and want to remove the Pocket ACE cache to conserve disk space, delete the following folder: On Windows XP: C:\Documents and Settings\\Local Settings\Application Data\VMware\Roaming VM cache\ On Windows Vista and Windows 7: C:\Users\\AppData\Local\VMware\Roaming VM cache In this path, represents a user‐specific directory.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 Copy the .bundle file to a temporary directory on the hard drive. For example, if you have a 64‐bit computer and you want to put the file in the /tmp directory, enter the following command: cp VMware-Player-x86_64.bundle /tmp 4 Enter the following command to change to the directory to which you copied the file: cd /tmp 5 Enter the following command to run the installation program: sh VMware-Player-.
Chapter 22 Installing ACE Packages If this is the first installation of an ACE instance on the user machine, a root user must run the installation. Only a root user can install and uninstall VMware Player. If the ACE instance includes a host policy, a root user must run the installation. A host policy is a host network access policy or a policy that restricts which virtual machines can run on a host.
Workstation User’s Manual Prepare a Linux Host for Running in Kiosk Mode On Linux hosts, if you plan to use kiosk mode to prevent users from accessing the host operating system, you must set some additional properties. If you do not prepare the host, users might be able to use keyboard shortcuts or other mechanisms to access the host when in kiosk mode. Before you begin, create an ACE instance that uses a kiosk mode policy and install it on a Linux host.
Chapter 22 Installing ACE Packages Uninstall VMware Player or an ACE Instance from a Linux Host ACE users can uninstall only the ACE instances that they installed. Only the root user can uninstall others’ ACE instances. Uninstalling an ACE instance does not uninstall the VMware Player application. When you uninstall an ACE instance, the ACE instance’s data files, shortcuts, and registry entries are uninstalled. Uninstalling VMware Player does not uninstall the ACE instance.
Workstation User’s Manual Start and Use an ACE Instance When you run an ACE instance, VMware Player starts and opens the instance. You start the instance in the same way that you start other applications on the host. One exception is if the administrator configures the ACE instance to start and run in full screen mode when the host system starts. See “Setting Runtime Preferences Policies” on page 415.
Chapter 22 Installing ACE Packages 4 Click inside the VMware Player window to begin using the guest operating system and the applications installed in the ACE instance. You can use the operating system and applications just as you would if they were running directly on a physical computer. 5 (Optional) To change a password that you created, choose VM > ACE > Change Password. 6 (Optional) For more information about using VMware Player, choose Help > Help Topics.
Workstation User’s Manual 3 To start the ACE instance without entering kiosk mode, do one of the following: On Windows, enter the following command: \vmplayer.exe -K "" Notice the capital K. In this command, is the path on your system to the VMware Player application file and is the path to the virtual machine configuration (.vmx) file.
Chapter 22 Installing ACE Packages To use multiple virtual machines in kiosk mode 1 Install the ACE instances on the host machine. 2 Use the following examples to write a batch file or script to start the virtual machines: Windows batch file: cd Program Files\VMware\VMware Player start vmplayer.exe -k "C:\Documents and Settings\user1\My Documents\My Virtual Machines\ace1\ace1.vmx" sleep 20 start vmplayer.exe -k "C:\Documents and Settings\user1\My Documents\My Virtual Machines\ace2\ace2.
Workstation User’s Manual Install an ACE Client License An ACE client license is a device‐specific license. Devices include PCs, laptops, and portable media devices such as USB flash drives (storing a Pocket ACE). The details of the licensing terms are provided in the end user license agreement (EULA) for ACE published on www.vmware.com. A licensed device can run any number of ACE instances.
Chapter 22 Installing ACE Packages Quit VMware Player As a best practice, quit VMware Player before you shut down the host computer. To quit VMware Player Choose File > Exit on Windows hosts or File > Quit on Linux hosts. Depending on the configured exit behavior, the ACE instance is suspended or shuts down and the window closes. Also depending on the configuration, end users might be able to change the exit behavior in the Preferences dialog box (File > Preferences).
Workstation User’s Manual The configuration file (.vmx file) for the ACE instance must be on the ACE user’s machine. That is, you cannot use vmware-acetool to make fixes to files associated with the instance unless the configuration file is on the same machine as those files. You can actually use the vmware-acetool program to reset passwords and fix expiration dates on another machine, but you must have the .vmx, .vmpl, and ace.dat files from the user all set up in the same directory.
Chapter 22 Installing ACE Packages Expiration Dates The new expiration date can be passed as one of the following: A number of days from the current date An absolute date in the format YYYY-MM-DD A start date and an end date in the format YYYY-MM-DD YYYY-MM-DD The special value "never", so that the instance never expires The special value "expired", so that the instance expires immediately Following are examples of the command: vmware-acetool setExpirationDate myACE.
Workstation User’s Manual To respond to a hot fix request 1 When you receive the hot fix request file, save it to a location that you can access from the administrator machine where Workstation is installed. 2 Open the ACE‐enabled virtual machine for the instance that requires the hot fix. 3 Choose File > Open. 4 Navigate to the location of the hot fix request file and click Open. A hot fix tab opens in the Workstation window.
Chapter 22 Installing ACE Packages You can enable this policy on the ACE‐enabled virtual machine (affecting all instances created from it) or on the primary domain controller. For details about how to change the policy, see the following Microsoft articles: Local Security Policies – Go to the Microsoft Support site, enter the Microsoft knowledge base article ID 175468 in the search criteria, and click the first search result.
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Appendix: Workstation Command-Line Reference This appendix discusses the command‐line options that are available for the vmware program. For information about using the vmware-fullscreen command to use full screen switch mode, see “Using vmware‐fullscreen to Run a Virtual Machine” on page 377. For information about using the vmrun program to operate teams or virtual machines from the command line, see manual called Using vmrun to Control Virtual Machines.
Workstation User’s Manual On a Windows host operating system: C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\vmware.exe [-B] [-n] [-x] [-X] [-t] [-q] [-s =] [-v] [\.vmx] Table A-1. Command-Line Options for the vmware Program Option Description -n Opens a new Workstation window. -B (Windows hosts only) Opens a new Workstation window but hides the sidebar and toolbars. Only the tabs of open virtual machines are shown.
Appendix: Workstation Command-Line Reference Using Startup Options in a Windows Shortcut The most convenient way to use the startup options is to incorporate them into the command that a Windows shortcut generates. To create the shortcut, right‐click the shortcut and click Properties. In the Target field, add any switches to use after the vmware.exe filename.
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Glossary B bridged networking A type of network connection between a virtual machine and the host’s physical network. With bridged networking, a virtual machine appears as an additional computer on the same physical network as the host. See also host‐only networking. C clone A duplicate of a virtual machine. See also full clone, linked clone.
Workstation User’s Manual full clone A complete copy of the original virtual machine, including all associated virtual disks. See also linked clone. full screen mode A display mode in which the virtual machine’s display fills the entire screen. See also full screen switch mode. full screen switch mode A display mode in which the virtual machine’s display fills the entire screen, and the user has no access to the Workstation user interface. The user cannot create, reconfigure, or launch virtual machines.
Glossary L–M LAN segment A private virtual network that is available only to virtual machines within the same team. See also virtual network, team. linked clone A copy of the original virtual machine that must have access to the parent virtual machine’s virtual disks. The linked clone stores changes to the virtual disks in a separate set of files. See also full clone.
Workstation User’s Manual Q quick switch mode A display mode in which the virtual machine’s display fills most of the screen. In this mode, tabs at the top of the screen allow you to switch quickly from one running virtual machine to another. See also full screen mode. R raw disk See physical disk. record/replay feature This feature lets you record all of a Workstation 5.x or 6.x virtual machine’s activity over a period of time.
Glossary snapshot manager A control panel used to take actions on any of the snapshots and recordings associated with the selected virtual machine. See also record/replay feature, snapshot. T–U team A group of virtual machines that are configured to operate as one object. You can power on, power off, and suspend a team with one command. You can configure a team to communicate independently of any other virtual or real network by setting up a LAN segment. See also LAN segment, virtual network.
Workstation User’s Manual virtual machine settings editor A point‐and‐click control panel used to view and modify a virtual machine’s settings. virtual network A network connecting virtual machines that does not depend on physical hardware connections. For example, you can create a virtual network between a virtual machine and a host that has no external network connections. You can also create a LAN segment for communication between virtual machines on a team. See also LAN segment, team.
Index Numerics 3D support 173 A About tab VMware Tools 123 access control policies, ACE 391, 397 ACE instance defined 383 installing on a Linux host 470 installing on a Windows host 466 offline usage 421 removable device policy 411 running a Pocket ACE 463 setting policies for 390 uninstalling from a Linux host 473 uninstalling from a Windows host 468 upgrading 473 ACE Management Server and Active Directory 397 defined 383 ACE New Package wizard 449 ACE Resources directory 446 ACE tools, using 479 ACE-ena
Workstation User’s Manual Athlon 64 processor 37 audio 32, 175, 176 AudioPCI 176 authentication policy, ACE 391 autofit settings 164 automatic bridging 297, 410 AutoProtect restrictions 214 setting up 215 AutoProtect feature See also snapshot, AutoProtect 214 B background, running virtual machines in 71, 264 bandwidth controlling, in team networks 271 LAN segment 281 battery information, reporting in guest 180 BIOS file in virtual machine 97 provided in virtual machine 30 setup, entering 148 .
Index color display on VNC clients 228 screen, in a virtual machine 172 comm port See serial connection, serial port command-line interface for VMware Tools 132 for Workstation 485 commands keyboard shortcuts 72 startup, on the command line 378, 485 startup, on Windows hosts 487 compacting virtual disks 240 configure record/replay 259 connect CD/DVDs and floppies to ISO images 253 USB devices 353 Conversion wizard 133, 142, 143 converting virtual machines 133 copy and paste feature 189 copy protection poli
Workstation User’s Manual DHCP assigning IP addresses on a virtual network 304 changing settings 300 configuring on a Linux host 306 configuring on a Windows host 306 DHCPD 311 lease 300 on a virtual network with NAT 317 server 286, 300 server on virtual network 290, 291 stopping 314 dial-up connection 306 directories, shared 195, 196 disable acceleration 179 copying and pasting text and files 190 drag-and-drop of files and folders 188 folder sharing 192 interface features 369 disc labels for packages 453
Index optical, supported 25 package delivery for ACE 453 dynamic domain name service 311 E Eclipse installing the Workstation plug-in for 41 EHCI controller 31 EM64T processor 37 encrypt restrictions 156 encrypting a virtual machine 155 encryption for ACE packages and instances 436 enhanced virtual keyboard 339, 416 Ethernet adapter adding to virtual machine 295 for teams 282 promiscuous mode 316 virtual network adapters 286 Ethernet controller 25 Ethernet switches 32 exclusive mode 165 expand virtual dis
Workstation User’s Manual supported 32 supported FreeBSD 32-bit 36 supported FreeBSD 64-bit 36 supported Linux 32-bit 35 supported Linux 64-bit 36 supported MS-DOS 33 supported Solaris 32-bit 36 supported Solaris 64-bit 36 upgrades 94 Windows 32-bit 33 Windows 64-bit 34 GUID Partition Table (GPT) disks 139 H Hardware tab in virtual machine settings editor 69 headless virtual machines (run in the background) 71, 264 HIDs (human interface devices) 353 host defined 22 hard disk space required 24 network acce
Index instance customization, ACE deployment settings for 440 guest operating systems for 439 initialization scripts 440 Microsoft Sysprep deployment tools for 439 package settings, overview 437 packages with 453 placeholder values 442 specifying license information for Windows servers 443 workgroup or domain setting 440 Intel EM64T processor 37 IP address assigning 305 clone 222 static 305 IP packet forwarding 307 ISO image file 30, 250, 253 K Kbps, for LAN segment 281 kernel paravirtual, support for 93
Workstation User’s Manual 502 M N MAC address and clones 219 assigning manually 309 of virtual Ethernet adapter 308 map key code 345 keyboard 342 keysym 345 mapped drives, for virtual disks 198 mapping virtual disks to a drive 199 master boot record (MBR) disks 139 memory amount required on host 23 settings 415 Microsoft Sysprep deployment tools 440 MIDI 175 mode exclusive 165 full screen 162 preview 448 promiscuous 316 quick switch 165 Unity 158 modifier keys 373 monitors specifying the number of 166,
Index host-only 290 host-only subnet 304 identity, clone 222 IP forwarding 307 IP packet leaks 306 MAC address 308 NAT 289, 316 NAT as firewall 324 NAT subnet 304 packet filtering 307 promiscuous mode on a Linux host 316 routing between two host-only networks 314 Samba 328 second bridged network on a Linux host 299 switch 285 token ring 289 two host-only networks 302 virtual DHCP server 290, 291 virtual Ethernet adapter 286 virtual network editor 297, 301, 306 virtual switch 285 virtualizing in a team 271
Workstation User’s Manual encryption 436 instance customization 437 package lifetime 436 placeholder values in instance customization 442 remote domain join 443 workgroup or domain in instance customization 440 Packages tab 454 packages, ACE burning files onto discs 453 changing lifetime setting 436 creating 449 creation progress 453 deployment for Pocket ACE 461 deployment platform for 446 disc labels for 453 disk space required for 452 distribution format 453 Pocket ACE installation 461 pre-deployment te
Index resource signing 401 runtime preferences 415 setting for an ACE instance 390 snapshot 418 update frequency 421 USB device 412 using scripts 424 virtual printer policy 414 policy editor, using 390 policy update frequency, ACE 421 port TCP and UDP below 1024 320 VNC 228 port forwarding 323, 328 Power menu disable functions 369 using, for teams 280 power off snapshot options 213 team 279 Power Off button 152 power on a virtual machine 148 team 279 to BIOS 148 Powered On list 65 power-on script for ACE i
Workstation User’s Manual removable drive for Pocket ACE 461 removing a virtual disk 243 devices from a virtual machine 181 Repair option for VMware Tools installations 105 repairing VMware Tools installations 114, 118 Replay toolbar 261, 262 reporting problems to VMware 76 Reset button 152 resizing Linux guests 170 Solaris guests 171 resolution, screen 164 resource signing policy for ACE instances 401 restricted user interface 369 resume team 279 virtual machine 201 reverting to snapshot 211 routing betwe
Index optical drives 25 permissions for a generic SCSI device on a Linux host 361 setting up virtual disk as 237 Sempron processor 37 serial connection between host application and virtual machine 335 between two virtual machines 335 for debugging 338 to a serial port on the host 335 serial number for ACE instances 474 serial port, installing and using 335 server DHCP 286, 306, 317, 324 DNS 311, 317, 318, 319 WINS 319 setting up AutoProtect 215 share files on a Linux host with Samba 328 shared folder enabl
Workstation User’s Manual Sound Blaster 176 support in guest 32 .spf file, importing 135 starting ACE Player 474, 475 Workstation 53 startup commands used by VMware Tools 130 startup scripts for ACE kiosk mode 476 using VMware Tools 129 static IP addresses clone 222 range of 317 .
Index snapshot 283 suspend 279 Telnet 318 template mode for clones 221 3D support 173 time, synchronizing, between guest and host 120 time.
Workstation User’s Manual virtual adapters host virtual adapters 301 specifications for 32 virtual appliances open virtual machine format (OVF) 137 virtual disk See also disk adding to virtual machine 242, 243 allocating disk space 88 compacting 240 defined 236 defragmenting 239 expanding 240 IDE, size 30 legacy 254 mapping, to a Windows drive 198, 199 setting up as IDE or SCSI 237 shrinking 123, 240 shrinking in Netware 123 size 30 storing on physical disks 237 using in a new virtual machine 82 Virtual Di
Index Virtual PC, importing 135 virtual printer feature 180 virtual printer policy, ACE 414 virtual SMP 366, 367 virtual switch 285 virtual symmetric multiprocessing See virtual SMP Visual Studio installing the Workstation plug-in for 41 VIX API 185 VM streaming 149, 230 .vmc file, importing 135 VMCI Sockets interface 185 .vmdk file 97 .vmem file 97 VMI (Virtual Machine Interface) enabled kernels 93 VMnet1 312 VMnet8 317 .vmsd file 97 .vmsn file 97 .vmss file 97 .
Workstation User’s Manual .vmxf file 97 VNC setting a keyboard map for 341 setting a virtual machine to act as a VNC server 228 VProbes 185 v-scan code defined 344 table of codes 347 W .
