vCloud Director User's Guide vCloud Director 5.1 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition. To check for more recent editions of this document, see http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs.
vCloud Director User's Guide You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at: http://www.vmware.com/support/ The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates. If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to: docfeedback@vmware.com Copyright © 2010–2012 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws.
Contents vCloud Director User's Guide 7 1 Getting Started with vCloud Director 9 Understanding VMware vCloud Director 9 Log In to the Web Console 10 Using vCloud Director 10 Set Mozilla Firefox Options 11 Set Microsoft Internet Explorer Options 12 Set User Preferences 13 Change Your Password 14 2 Managing Users and Groups 15 Managing Users 15 Working with Groups 19 3 Managing Cloud Resources 21 Managing Virtual Datacenters 21 Managing Organization vDC Networks Managing Expired Items 34 22 4 Working
vCloud Director User's Guide Understanding Catalogs and Their Contents 48 Working in Published Catalogs 49 6 Working with Media Files 51 Upload Media Files 51 Resume the Upload of a Media File 52 Copy Media Files to a Catalog 52 Move Media Files to Another Catalog 52 Delete Media Files 53 Modify Media File Properties 53 7 Working with vApp Templates 55 Open a vApp Template 55 Add a vApp Template to My Cloud 56 Download a vApp Template 56 Upload an OVF Package as a vApp Template 57 Resume the Upload of
Contents Revert a vApp to a Snapshot 86 Remove a Snapshot of a vApp 86 Copy a vApp to Another vDC 86 Move a vApp to Another vDC 87 Delete a vApp 87 9 Working with Virtual Machines 89 Open a Virtual Machine Console 90 Power On a Virtual Machine 90 Power Off a Virtual Machine 90 Reset a vApp or Virtual Machine 91 Suspend a Virtual Machine 91 Resume a Suspended Virtual Machine 91 Discard the Suspended State of a Virtual Machine 91 Insert a CD/DVD 92 Eject a CD/DVD 92 Insert a Floppy 92 Eject a Floppy 93 Upg
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vCloud Director User's Guide The VMware vCloud Director User's Guide provides information about managing organizations, catalogs, vApps, and virtual machines. Intended Audience This book is intended for anyone who wants to set up and configure organizations in VMware vCloud Director. The information in this book is written for non-system administrators, including organization administrators who will create and set up vApps, catalogs, and virtual machines. VMware, Inc.
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Getting Started with vCloud Director 1 When you log in to the vCloud Director Web console, the Home tab provides access to your resources and links to common tasks. You can also set your user preferences and view the product help.
vCloud Director User's Guide Virtual Datacenters An organization virtual datacenter (vDC) provides resources to an organization. vDCs provide an environment where virtual systems can be stored, deployed, and operated. They also provide storage for virtual media, such as floppy disks and CD ROMs. An organization can have multiple vDCs. Organization vDC Networks An organization vDC network is contained within a vCloud Director organization vDC and is available to all the vApps in the organization.
Chapter 1 Getting Started with vCloud Director n Users & Groups The vApps in your organization are displayed for easy access. Catalog authors see links to these tasks. n Add Cloud Computer System n Build new vApp n Manage Catalogs n New Catalog vApp authors see links to these tasks. n Add Cloud Computer System n Build new vApp vApp users see links to these tasks. n Add Cloud Computer System The vApps in your organization are displayed for easy access.
vCloud Director User's Guide n The user looks for a target on the internal network using Firefox. Procedure 1 Select an option. Operating System Action Windows Tools > Options Linux Edit > Preferences 2 Click the Advanced button. 3 On the Network tab, click the Settings button. 4 Enter the IP of the cell or load balancer in the No Proxy for: field. The specified Web addresses are bypassed by the Firefox proxy server.
Chapter 1 Getting Started with vCloud Director Bypass the Proxy in Internet Explorer You can configure the Internet Explorer proxy server to bypass certain Web addresses. If all of these conditions exist, you can configure Internet Explorer to bypass specific Web addresses. n The internal network is configured with a proxy server to access the external network. n The browser's proxy server connection has no local exceptions.
vCloud Director User's Guide Change Your Password If you have a local user account, you can change your password. Procedure 1 Log in to your organization. 2 In the title bar of the Web console, click Preferences. 3 On the Change Password tab, type your current password, type your new password, and retype your new password. 4 Click OK. vCloud Director logs you out. What to do next Log in using your new password. 14 VMware, Inc.
Managing Users and Groups 2 An organization administrator is the only one who can add users and groups to an organization. The organization administrator assigns each user or group a role within the organization. Your role controls what you can see and do in vCloud Director. An organization administrator can create local user accounts within an organization or import users and groups from an LDAP server. Contact your system administrator to set up an LDAP connection.
vCloud Director User's Guide Add a Local User Adding local users allows organization administrators to provide access to users who do not exist on an LDAP server. You can also add local users if you do not plan to use an LDAP server. Procedure 1 Click Administration. 2 In the left pane, select Members > Users. 3 Click the New User button. 4 Type the user name and password. 5 Select a role. To create a custom role, contact your system administrator. 6 (Optional) Type the contact information.
Chapter 2 Managing Users and Groups Edit a User An organization administrator can edit local user properties such as the password, role, contact information, and quotas. For LDAP users, you can only edit their role and quotas. Procedure 1 Click Administration. 2 In the left pane, select Members > Users. 3 Select a user, right-click, and click Properties. 4 Modify the necessary properties and click OK.
vCloud Director User's Guide Delete Users in Lost and Found If a user in your organization is removed from a group, if their group is disabled/removed in LDAP, or if the user is deleted/disabled in LDAP, the user appears on the Lost & Found page. An organization administrator can delete the user from the system and assume ownership of the user's objects (for example vApps and vApp templates). Procedure 1 Click Administration. 2 In the left pane, select Members > Lost & Found.
Chapter 2 Managing Users and Groups Working with Groups On the Groups page, you can review the list of groups in your organization. You can see group names and their assigned roles. As an organization administrator, you can import groups into your organization, delete groups from your organization, and modify the role of a group. Import a Group An organization administrator can import LDAP groups or groups from an SAML identity provider to an organization.
vCloud Director User's Guide 4 Click Yes. Modify the Role of a Group An organization administrator can review and modify the role assigned to a group in your organization. Procedure 1 Click Administration. 2 In the left pane, select Members > Groups. 3 Select a group, right-click, and select Properties. 4 Select another role for this group. 5 Click OK. The new role for this group appears in the Groups page. 20 VMware, Inc.
Managing Cloud Resources 3 A vCloud Director system administrator creates and assigns virtual datacenters and networks to an organization. An organization administrator can view information about these resources and perform a limited set of management tasks. Contact your system administrator if you need more organization virtual datacenters or organization vDC networks..
vCloud Director User's Guide 3 Select a vDC, right-click, and select Properties. 4 Review the properties and click OK. What to do next To modify your organizational vDCs, contact your system administrator. Monitor Your Virtual Datacenter You can monitor the vDC assigned to your organization and determine when to request additional capacity. You are an organization administrator. Procedure 1 Click Administration. 2 Select Cloud Resources > Virtual Datacenters. 3 Click the Monitor button.
Chapter 3 Managing Cloud Resources Table 3-1. Types of Organization vDC Networks Organization vDC Network Type Description Direct Accessible by multiple organizations. Virtual machines belonging to different organizations can connect to and see traffic on this network. This network provides direct layer 2 connectivity to virtual machines outside of the organization. Virtual machines outside of this organization can connect to virtual machines in the organization directly.
vCloud Director User's Guide 4 Type a range of IP addresses or use the default range. vCloud Director uses these addresses to satisfy DHCP requests. The range of DHCP IP addresses cannot overlap with the static IP pool for the organization vDC network. 5 Set the default lease time and maximum lease time or use the default values. 6 Click OK. vCloud Director updates the network to provide DHCP services.
Chapter 3 Managing Cloud Resources If a system administrator specified syslog server settings and those settings have been applied to the organization vDC network, then you can log firewall rule events. For information about applying syslog server settings, see “Apply Syslog Server Settings to an Organization vDC Network,” on page 33. To view the current syslog server settings see “View Syslog Server Settings for an Organization vDC Network,” on page 33.
vCloud Director User's Guide 14 Click OK and click OK again. Reorder Firewall Rules for an Organization vDC Network Firewall rules are enforced in the order in which they appear in the firewall list. An organization administrator can change the order of the rules in the list. When you add a firewall rule to an organization vDC network, the new rule appears at the bottom of the firewall rule list. To enforce the new rule before an existing rule, reorder the rules.
Chapter 3 Managing Cloud Resources Create a VPN Tunnel In an Organization An organization administrator can create a VPN tunnel between two organizations vDC networks in the same organization. If the tunnel endpoints have a firewall between them, configure the firewall to allow the following IP protocols and UDP ports: n IP Protocol ID 50 (ESP) n IP Protocol ID 51 (AH) n UDP Port 500 (IKE) n UDP Port 4500 Prerequisites Verify that the following items are in place.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 Click Administration and select the organization vDC. 2 Click the Org vDC Networks tab, right-click the organization vDC network name, and select Configure Services. 3 Click the VPN tab and click Add. 4 Type a name and optional description. 5 Select a network in another organization from the drop-down menu. 6 Click Connect to another organization, type the login information for the peer organization, and click Continue.
Chapter 3 Managing Cloud Resources 4 Click the VPN tab and click Add. 5 Type a name and optional description. 6 Select a remote network from the drop-down menu. 7 Type the peer settings. 8 Review the tunnel settings and click OK. vCloud Director configures the organization peer network endpoint. What to do next Manually configure the remote peer network endpoint.
vCloud Director User's Guide n The vApp networks are in vApps that were started at least once. Procedure 1 Click Administration. 2 Select Cloud Resources > Networks. 3 Right-click the organization vDC network name and select Configure Services. 4 Click the Static Routing tab and click Add. 5 Type a name, network address, and next hop IP address. The network address is for the first vApp network to which you want to add a static route.
Chapter 3 Managing Cloud Resources Static routes only function when the vApps included in the routes are running. If you change the parent network of a vApp, delete a vApp, or delete a vApp network, and the vApp includes static routes, those routes cannot function and you must remove them manually. Prerequisites Verify that you have the following items: n vShield Manager 5.1. n Two organization vDC networks routed to the same external network.
vCloud Director User's Guide Table 3-6. Static Routing Settings for Org vDC Network 1 Static Route to Network Route Name Network Next Hop IP Address Route vApp Network 2 tovapp2 192.168.11.0/24 10.112.205.100 To external network vApp Network 1 tovapp1 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.0.100 Within this network Table 3-7. Static Routing Settings for Org vDC Network 2 Static Route to Network Route Name Network Next Hop IP Address Route vApp Network 1 tovapp1 192.168.1.0/24 10.112.205.
Chapter 3 Managing Cloud Resources Procedure 1 Click Administration and select the organization vDC. 2 Right-click an organization vDC network and select Properties. 3 On the Network Specification tab, type an IP address or a range of IP addresses in the text box and click Add. 4 Click OK. View vApps and vApp Templates That Use an Organization vDC Network You can view a list of the all the vApps and vApp templates that include virtual machines with a NIC connected to an organization vDC network.
vCloud Director User's Guide Prerequisites Verify that an external NAT-routed organization vDC network is in place. You are an organization administrator. Procedure 1 Click Administration and select the organization vDC. 2 Click the Org vDC Networks tab, right-click the organization vDC network name, and select Synchronize syslog server settings. 3 Click Yes. Managing Expired Items When vApps or vApp templates expire, you can determine whether you want to renew or delete them.
Working in an Organization 4 Most operations in vCloud Director occur in an organization. The system administrator creates the organization and assigns an organization administrator to it. The system administrator emails the URL of the organization to the organization administrator, who can log in to the organization and set it up. In the Home page the organization administrator clicks the Set up the Organization link to assign resources and manage a variety of operations on the organization.
vCloud Director User's Guide When a storage lease expires, vCloud Director marks the vApp or vApp template as expired, or deletes the vApp or vApp template, depending on the organization policy you set. For more information about specifying lease settings, see “Configure Organization Lease, Quota, and Limit Settings,” on page 38. Users can configure email notification to receive a message before a runtime or storage lease expires.
Chapter 4 Working in an Organization Import Users and Groups You can add users and groups from an LDAP or SAML server to the organization and assign them a role within the organization. Prerequisites Verify that your organization has a valid connection to an LDAP or SAML server. Procedure 1 Click Import. 2 Select the type of server to import from. 3 Type a full or partial name of a user or group and click Search. 4 Select the users or groups to import and click Add.
vCloud Director User's Guide 2 Select a notification settings option. Option Description Use system default notification settings The organization uses the system notification settings. Set organization notification settings The organization uses its own notification settings. Type an email address that appears as the sender for organization emails, type text to use as the subject prefix for organization emails, and select the recipients for organization emails.
Chapter 4 Working in an Organization 2 In the left pane, select Settings > General. 3 You can complete these operations. 4 n Review your organization's default URL. n Modify your organization's full name. n Type a description. Click Apply. Modify Your Email Settings You can review and modify the default email settings that were set when the system administrator created your organization. You are an organization administrator. Procedure 1 Click Administration.
vCloud Director User's Guide 3 Select the lease options for vApps and vApp templates. Leases provide a level of control over an organization's storage and compute resources by specifying the maximum amount of time that vApps can be running and that vApps and vApp templates can be stored. You can also specify what happens to vApps and vApp templates when their storage lease expires. 4 Select the quotas for running and stored virtual machines.
Chapter 4 Working in an Organization n Create an XML file with the following metadata from your SAML identity provider. n The location of the single sign-on service n The location of the single logout service n The location of the service's X.509 certificate For information on configuring and acquiring metadata from an OpenAM or Active Directory Federation Services SAML provider, consult the documentation for your SAML provider. Procedure 1 Click Administration.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 Click Administration. 2 In the left pane, under Cloud Resources, select Virtual Datacenters. The vDCs in your organization appear in the right pane. See also Chapter 3, “Managing Cloud Resources,” on page 21 Manage Virtual Machines in Your Organization You can manage virtual machines in your organization. Virtual machines provide access to vCloud Director operations at the virtual machine console level. You are an organization administrator.
Chapter 4 Working in an Organization View Organization Tasks You can view the tasks in an organization, which helps you monitor and troubleshoot more effectively. You are an organization administrator. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click Logs. 3 On the Tasks tab, you can examine the tasks in the organization. 4 Select a task, right-click, and select Open. 5 Review the information and click OK. What to do next To troubleshoot a failed task, contact your system administrator.
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Working with Catalogs 5 A catalog is a container for vApp templates and media files in an organization. Organization administrators and catalog authors can create catalogs in an organization. Catalog contents can be shared with other users in the organization and can also be published to all organizations in the vCloud Director installation. There are two types of catalogs in vCloud Director; organization catalogs and public catalogs.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 Click Catalogs > My Organization's Catalogs. 2 On the Catalogs tab, click the Add Catalog button. 3 Type a catalog name and optional description and click Next. 4 (Optional) To share the catalog with members of the organization, click Add Members, select users and groups, select an access level, click OK, and click Next. 5 Select a catalog publishing option and click Next..
Chapter 5 Working with Catalogs Your catalog is available to organization administrators in all organizations. Share A Catalog Share a catalog to make its contents available to users in your organization. Users with the proper rights and access level can use vApp templates and media from the shared catalog to create their own vApps. You are at least a catalog author. Procedure 1 Click Catalogs > My Organization's Catalogs. 2 Select a catalog, right-click, and select Share. 3 Click Add Members.
vCloud Director User's Guide Delete a Catalog You can delete a catalog from your organization. You are at least a catalog author. Prerequisites The catalog must not contain any vApp templates or media files. You can move these items to a different catalog or delete them. Procedure 1 Click Catalogs. 2 In the left pane, click My Organization's Catalogs. 3 Select a catalog, right-click, and select Delete. 4 Click Yes. The empty catalog is deleted from your organization.
Chapter 5 Working with Catalogs Using vApp Templates in a Catalog You can access vApp templates in a catalog in your organization or, if you are an organization administrator, from a published catalog. To access a vApp template in a catalog in your organization, in the left pane, click My Organization's Catalogs and click on the vApp Templates tab. Select a vApp template and right-click to see the operations you can complete.
vCloud Director User's Guide 2 In the left pane, click Public Catalogs. Media files are available for use if they reside in the same vDC as your Cloud vApp. 3 On the Media tab, select a media file, right-click and select Copy to Catalog. 4 Click OK. The media file is copied to your catalog. What to do next You can select the media file and complete a variety of operations on it, such as move it to another catalog in your organization, delete it, or modify its properties. 50 VMware, Inc.
Working with Media Files 6 The catalog allows you to upload, copy, move, and edit the properties of media files. This chapter includes the following topics: n “Upload Media Files,” on page 51 n “Resume the Upload of a Media File,” on page 52 n “Copy Media Files to a Catalog,” on page 52 n “Move Media Files to Another Catalog,” on page 52 n “Delete Media Files,” on page 53 n “Modify Media File Properties,” on page 53 Upload Media Files You can upload media files to a catalog.
vCloud Director User's Guide Resume the Upload of a Media File If you paused, cancelled, or interrupted the upload of a media file, you can resume it. n You are at least a catalog author. n If you log out of vCloud Director and log in, transfer history is lost. You cannot resume the upload. n The default timeout for pending transfer sessions is one hour. You can configure this value. n During pending or stopped transfers, the session keep alive heartbeat kicks in every 15 minutes.
Chapter 6 Working with Media Files Procedure 1 Click Catalogs. 2 On the Media tab, select a media file, right-click, and select Move To Catalog. 3 Select a catalog and a vDC. The catalog you select must be in your organization. 4 Click OK. The media file is moved to the selected catalog. Delete Media Files You can delete media files from your catalog. You are at least a catalog author. Procedure 1 Click Catalogs > My Organization's Catalogs.
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Working with vApp Templates 7 A vApp template is a virtual machine image that is loaded with an operating system, applications, and data. These templates ensure that virtual machines are consistently configured across an entire organization.
vCloud Director User's Guide Add a vApp Template to My Cloud You can add a vApp template as a vApp from your catalog to My Cloud. You are at least a vApp author. If the vApp template is based on an OVF file that includes OVF properties for customizing its virtual machines, those properties are passed to the vApp. If any of those properties are user-configurable, you can specify the values. Prerequisites A vApp template is available in a published or a locally shared catalog. Procedure 1 Click Catalogs.
Chapter 7 Working with vApp Templates 4 Navigate to the local folder where you want to save the OVF file and click Save. You can click the Launch Uploads and Downloads Progress Window button from My Organization's Catalogs to track the progress. Upload an OVF Package as a vApp Template You can upload an OVF package from remote shares and your local directory to vCloud Director as a vApp template. You are at least a catalog creator.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 In the Launch Uploads and Downloads Progress Window, click Pauseor Cancel. The status changes to Stopped in the progress window and Waiting in the vApp Template page. 2 In the Launch Uploads and Downloads Progress Window, click Resume. The upload or download process resumes. 3 Monitor the progress in the Launch Uploads and Downloads Progress Window .
Chapter 7 Working with vApp Templates 5 Click OK. Move a vApp Template Between an Organization's Catalogs You can move a vApp template from one catalog in your organization to another catalog in the same organization. This is useful if you want to move a template from a published catalog to an unpublished catalog or the reverse. You are an organization administrator or catalog author. Prerequisites You must have access to at least two catalogs and a vDC with available space.
vCloud Director User's Guide 3 Right-click a vApp and select Add to Catalog. 4 Type a name and optional description for the vApp template. 5 Select a vDC, a catalog, and a storage lease. 6 Select a vApp creation option. This option applies when creating a vApp based on this template. It is ignored when building a vApp using individual virtual machines from this template.
Working with vApps 8 A vApp consists of one or more virtual machines that communicate over a network and use resources and services in a deployed environment. A vApp can contain multiple virtual machines.
vCloud Director User's Guide n “Remove a Snapshot of a vApp,” on page 86 n “Copy a vApp to Another vDC,” on page 86 n “Move a vApp to Another vDC,” on page 87 n “Delete a vApp,” on page 87 Create a vApp From a vApp Template You can create a new vApp based on a vApp template stored in a catalog to which you have access. n Only organization administrators and vApp authors can access vApp templates in public catalogs.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps 4 Configure Networks on page 64 You can determine how the vApp, its virtual machines, and its networks connect to the organization's networks. Complete the vApp Profile When you create a new vApp, you must provide some basic information. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps and click the Build New vApp button. 3 Type a name and optional description. 4 Select a runtime and storage lease and click Next.
vCloud Director User's Guide Configure Networks You can determine how the vApp, its virtual machines, and its networks connect to the organization's networks. Procedure 1 Select Show networking details. 2 Review the network information. 3 Click Next. 4 Review the summary for the vApp. 5 Click Finish. Import a Virtual Machine as a vApp You can import a vSphere virtual machine to your organization as a vApp. Prerequisites Verify that you are at least a vApp author.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps The placement engine uses the following criteria to select candidate resource pools for a virtual machine. n CPU capacity n Memory capacity n Number of virtual CPUs n Hardware version supported by the host The placement engine filters out disabled resource pools from the candidate list so that no virtual machine is created on a disabled resource pool.
vCloud Director User's Guide Copy a vApp To create a new vApp based on an existing vApp, you can copy a vApp and modify the copy to meet your needs. You are at least a vApp user. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Copy to. 4 Type a name and optional description. 5 Select a vDC. 6 Click OK. What to do next Modify the contents and properties of the new vApp.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps Stop a vApp Stopping a vApp powers off or shuts down all the virtual machines in the vApp. You must stop a vApp before you can perform certain actions. For example, adding it to a catalog, copying it, moving it, and so on. You can specify whether stopping a vApp powers off or shuts down its virtual machines in the vApp properties page. Prerequisites The vApp must be started. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps.
vCloud Director User's Guide Reset a vApp or Virtual Machine Resetting a virtual machine clears state (memory, cache, and so on), but the vApps and virtual machines continue to run. Prerequisites Your vApp is started and virtual machine is powered on. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, select vApps or VMs. 3 Select a vApp or virtual machine, right-click, and select Reset. View vApp Virtual Machines You can access and display the virtual machines in a vApp. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps 8 Select a primary NIC and network for each virtual machine. 9 (Optional) Select Show network adapter type and select a type for each NIC. 10 Select an IP assignment method for each NIC. If you select Static - Manual, type the IP address. 11 Click Next. 12 Select Show networking details, review the network information, and click Next. 13 Review the summary for the vApp and click Finish.
vCloud Director User's Guide Set vApp Start and Stop Options You can specify certain options that affect what happens to the virtual machines when a vApp is started and stopped. Prerequisites You are at least a vApp user. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Properties. 4 On the Starting and Stopping VMs tab, specify the options.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps 3 After 30 seconds (the longest boot delay from the order 2 virtual machines) VM6 starts. When vApp1 is stopped, the virtual machines stop as follows. 1 VM6 stops. 2 After 10 seconds, VM5 and VM4 stop. 3 After 60 seconds, VM3, VM2, and VM1 stop. Working with Networks in a vApp The virtual machines in a vApp can connect to vApp networks (isolated or routed) and organization vDC networks (direct or fenced).
vCloud Director User's Guide Add a vApp Network to a vApp Add a vApp network to a vApp to make the network available to virtual machines in the vApp. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps, right-click, and select Open. 3 On the Networking tab, select the Show networking details check box. 4 Click the Add Network button. 5 Select vApp Network and click Next. 6 Type the network specifications and click Next. 7 Type a network name and optional description and click Next.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps What to do next Connect a virtual machine in the vApp to the network. Configuring Network Services for a vApp Network You can configure network services, such as DHCP, firewalls, network address translation (NAT), and static routing for certain vApp networks. The network services available depend on the type of vApp network. Table 8-2.
vCloud Director User's Guide Configure the Firewall for a vApp Network You can configure certain vApp networks to provide firewall services. Enable the firewall on a vApp network to enforce firewall rules on incoming traffic, outgoing traffic, or both. When you enable the firewall, you can specify a default firewall action to deny all incoming and outgoing traffic or to allow all incoming and outgoing traffic.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps Prerequisites A routed vApp network. Procedure 1 Click the My Cloud tab and click vApps in the left pane. 2 Right-click a vApp and select Open. 3 On the Networking tab, select Show networking details. 4 Right-click the vApp network and select Configure Services. 5 Click the Firewall tab and click Add. 6 Type a name for the rule.
vCloud Director User's Guide Reorder Firewall Rules for a vApp Network Firewall rules are enforced in the order in which they appear in the firewall list. You can change the order of the rules in the list. When you add a new firewall rule to a vApp network, it appears at the bottom of the firewall rule list. If you want to enforce the new rule before an existing rule, reorder the rules. Prerequisites A routed vApp network with two or more firewall rules.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps When you add a new port forwarding rule to a vApp network, it appears at the bottom of the NAT mapping rule list. For information about how to set the order in which port forwarding rules are enforced, see “Reorder Port Forwarding Rules for a vApp Network,” on page 78. Prerequisites A routed vApp network. Procedure 1 Click the My Cloud tab and click vApps in the left pane. 2 Right-click a vApp and select Open. 3 On the Networking tab, select Show networking details.
vCloud Director User's Guide Reorder Port Forwarding Rules for a vApp Network Port forwarding rules are enforced in the order in which they appear in the NAT mapping list. You can change the order of the rules in the list. When you add a new port forwarding rule to a vApp network, it appears at the bottom of the NAT mapping rule list. To enforce the new rule before an existing rule, reorder the rules. Prerequisites A routed vApp network with two or more port forwarding rules.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps Static routes only function when the vApps containing the routes are running. If you change the parent network of a vApp, delete a vApp, or delete a vApp network, and the vApp includes static routes, those routes cannot function and you must remove them manually. Prerequisites n vShield 5.1. n Two vApp networks routed to the same organization vDC network. n The vApp networks are in vApps that were started at least once. n Static routing is enabled on both vApp networks.
vCloud Director User's Guide Reset Your vApp Network If the network services, such as DHCP settings, firewall settings, and so on, that are associated with a vApp network are not working as expected, an organization administrator can reset the network. Network services are not available during the reset. Prerequisites The vApp is running. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Open.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps Display the IP Allocations for Your vApp Network You can review the IP allocations for the networks in your vApp. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, selectvApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Open. 4 On the Networking tab, select the Show networking detailscheck box. 5 Select a network, right-click, and select IP Allocations. 6 Review your allocations and click OK.
vCloud Director User's Guide 5 Click the Syslog Server Settings tab. Apply Syslog Server Settings to a vApp Network You apply syslog server settings to a routed vApp network to enable firewall rule logging. Syslog server settings can only be specified by a system administrator. You should apply those settings to any vApp network that was created before the system administrator specified them.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps Modify vApp OVF Environment Properties If a vApp includes user-configurable OVF environment properties, you can review and modify those properties. If a virtual machine in the vApp includes a value for a user-configurable property of the same name, the virtual machine value takes precedence. Prerequisites The vApp is stopped and its OVF environment includes user-configurable properties. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps.
vCloud Director User's Guide 6 7 Select an access level for the users and groups. Option Description Full control Users can open, start, save a vApp as a vApp template (Add to Catalog), change the owner, copy to a catalog, and modify properties. Read/write Users can open, start, save a vApp as a vApp template (Add to Catalog), copy to catalog, and modify properties. Read only Users only have read access to a vApp. Click OK. Your vApp is shared with the specified users or groups.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps Upgrade the Virtual Hardware Version for a vApp You can upgrade the virtual hardware version for all the virtual machines in a vApp. Higher virtual hardware versions support more features. vCloud Director supports hardware version 4, hardware version 7, hardware version 8, and hardware version 9 virtual machines depending on the resources backing the organization's virtual datacenters. You cannot downgrade the hardware version of the virtual machines in a vApp.
vCloud Director User's Guide Create a Snapshot of a vApp You can take a snapshot of all the virtual machines in a vApp. After you take the snapshots, you can revert all virtual machines in the vApp to the most recent snapshot, or remove all snapshots. vApp snapshots have the following limitations. n They do not capture NIC configurations. n You cannot create them if any virtual machine in the vApp is connected to an independent disk. Procedure 1 Select My Cloud > vApps.
Chapter 8 Working with vApps The new vDC for this vApp appears in the vDC column on the vAppspage. Move a vApp to Another vDC When you move a vApp to another vDC, the vApp is removed from the source vDC. You are at least a vApp author. Prerequisites Your vApp is stopped. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Move to. 4 Select a vDC. 5 Click OK. Delete a vApp You can delete a vApp, which removes it from your organization.
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Working with Virtual Machines 9 Virtual machines have a guest operating system on which you can install and run any software supported by that operating system. In vCloud Director, you can install VMware Tools, insert DVDs and floppy disks, and remotely connect to virtual machines. These are the most basic operations that you can do on a virtual machine. n Power On, which is equal to powering on a physical machine. n Power Off, which is equal to powering off a physical machine.
vCloud Director User's Guide n “Editing Virtual Machine Properties,” on page 95 n “Installing VMware Tools,” on page 101 n “Guest Operating Systems,” on page 112 Open a Virtual Machine Console Accessing your virtual machine console allows you to view information about a virtual machine, work with the guest operating system, and perform operations that affect the guest operating system. You might be required to download and install VMware Remote Console Plug-In.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Reset a vApp or Virtual Machine Resetting a virtual machine clears state (memory, cache, and so on), but the vApps and virtual machines continue to run. Prerequisites Your vApp is started and virtual machine is powered on. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, select vApps or VMs. 3 Select a vApp or virtual machine, right-click, and select Reset. Suspend a Virtual Machine Suspending a virtual machine preserves its current state.
vCloud Director User's Guide 4 Click Yes. Insert a CD/DVD You can access CD/DVD images from catalogs to use in a virtual machine guest operating system. You can install operating systems, applications, drivers, and so on. Prerequisites You have access to a catalog with media files. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 In the right pane, select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Insert CD/DVD from Catalog. 4 Select a media file and click Insert.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Eject a Floppy After you have finished using a floppy disk in your virtual machine you can eject it. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, select VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Eject Floppy. The floppy disk is removed from the virtual machine. Upgrade the Virtual Hardware Version for a Virtual Machine You can upgrade the virtual hardware version for a virtual machine. Higher virtual hardware versions support more features.
vCloud Director User's Guide Create a Snapshot of a Virtual Machine You can take a snapshot of a virtual machine. After you take the snapshot, you can revert all the virtual machines to the most recent snapshot, or remove the snapshot. Snapshots do not capture NIC configurations. Prerequisites Verify that the virtual machine is not connected to an independent disk. Procedure 1 Select My Cloud > VMs. 2 Right-click the vApp and select Create Snapshot. 3 Click OK.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines 4 Follow the prompts to complete the wizard. 5 Click Finish. Delete a Virtual Machine You can delete a virtual machine from your organization. Prerequisites Your virtual machine must be powered off. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Delete. 4 Click Yes.
vCloud Director User's Guide 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Properties. 4 On the General tab, modify the properties and click OK. Option Description Full name The display name of the virtual machine in vCloud Director. Computer name The computer/host name set in the guest operating system that identifies the virtual machine on a network. This field is restricted to 15 characters because of a Windows OS limitation on computer names.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Modify Virtual Machine OVF Environment Properties If a virtual machine includes user-configurable OVF environment properties, you can review and modify those properties. If the vApp containing the virtual machine includes a value for a user-configurable property of the same name, the virtual machine value takes precedence. Prerequisites The virtual machine is powered off and its OVF environment includes user-configurable properties. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud.
vCloud Director User's Guide For example, a virtual machine with two virtual CPUs and 1GB RAM with CPU and memory shares set to Normal has 2x1000=2000 shares of CPU and 10x1024=10240 shares of memory. The relative priority represented by each share changes when a new virtual machine is powered on. This affects all virtual machines in the same vDC. Resource Allocation Reservation A reservation specifies the guaranteed minimum allocation for a virtual machine.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Modifying Virtual Machine Hard Disks You can add hard disks, edit hard disks, and delete hard disk from a virtual machine. Add a Virtual Machine Hard Disk You can add a virtual hard disk to a virtual machine. The virtual machine is powered off. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Properties. 4 On the Hardware tab, click Add in the Hard Disks section.
vCloud Director User's Guide Modifying Virtual Machine Network Interfaces You can modify virtual machine network settings, reset a MAC address, add a network interface, and delete a network interface. Virtual machine version 4 supports up to four NICs, and virtual machine version 7 and 8 support up to ten NICs. Edit Network Interface Settings You can disconnect a virtual machine NIC, change the network to which a NIC connects, specify a primary NIC, and change the IP addressing mode for a NIC.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines 5 In the NICs section, click the MAC Addressdrop-down menu and select Reset. 6 Click OK. Add a Network Interface You can add one or more virtual NICs to a virtual machine. Virtual machine version 4 supports up to four NICs, and virtual machine version 7 and 8 support up to ten NICs. For information about supported network adapter types, see http://kb.vmware.com/kb/1001805. Prerequisites The virtual machine is powered off. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud.
vCloud Director User's Guide Prerequisites You have created a vApp in which you have a blank virtual machine. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, selectvApps > Open. 3 On the Virtual Machinestab, select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Power On. 4 Log into the virtual machine console and install the guest operating system. 5 Install VMware Tools. 6 Power off the virtual machine. 7 Select the virtual machine, right-click and select Properties.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Install VMware Tools in a Virtual Machine in a vApp vApp deployment can fail if VMware Tools are not installed on the virtual machines in the vApp. Prerequisites You must stop the vApp. Procedure 1 Disable Guest Customization on page 103 To install VMware Tools in a virtual machine in a vApp, you must disable guest customization. 2 Start the vApp on page 103 After you install VMware Tools, you must start the vApp.
vCloud Director User's Guide Prerequisites Guest customization is disabled on the relevant virtual machines. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Open. 4 On the Virtual Machines tab, select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Power On. 5 Select the virtual machine, right-click, and select Install VMware Tools. VMware tools installation is triggered or Tools CD is mounted.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Install VMware Tools in a vApp Template You can install VMware Tools on a virtual machine for which guest customization is enabled. Prerequisites Guest customization is enabled on the virtual machine's Properties page. Procedure 1 Save the vApp Template as a vApp on page 105 To install VMware Tools in a vApp, you must save it as a vApp.
vCloud Director User's Guide 7 Select the vApp, right-click, and select Start. Install VMware Tools You must install VMware Tools in your virtual machines to customize the guest operation system. You are at least a vApp User. Prerequisites Guest customization is disabled on the relevant virtual machines. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Open.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Procedure 1 Save the vApp Template as a vApp on page 107 To install VMware Tools in a vApp, you must save it as a vApp. 2 Install or Upgrade VMware Tools on page 107 You can either install VMware Tools or upgrade the current version in your virtual machine. 3 Enable Guest Customization on page 107 After you install or upgrade VMware Tools in your virtual machines, you must enable guest customization.
vCloud Director User's Guide Add vApp to Catalog After you install or upgrade VMware Tools, you can add the updated vApp to your catalog. Procedure 1 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Stop. 2 Select the vApp, right-click, and select Add vApp to Catalog. 3 Select the vApp template, right-click, and select Properties. 4 Select Customize VM Settings or Make Identical Copy. 5 (Optional) Delete the previous version of the vApp template, if necessary.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Start the vApp After you install VMware Tools, you must start the vApp. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. The virtual machines in the vApp will customize when you power on. The guest OS will be rebooted during customization if necessary. 3 Select the vApp, right click, and select Start. Install VMware Tools on a Windows Guest vCloud Director uses VMware Tools to customize the Windows guest operating system.
vCloud Director User's Guide 6 Click Continue when the package is ready. When VMware Tools is installed, no confirmation or Finish button appears. 7 In an X terminal, as root, run the vmware-config-tools.pl script to configure VMware Tools. 8 Press Enter to accept the default value. 9 After the upgrade is complete, enter /etc/init.d/network to restart the network. 10 Type exit. 11 To start the VMware Tools control panel, enter vmware-toolbox &.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines 7 Run the installer. Option Action In the tar installer Type cd vmware-tools-distrib./vmware-install.pl. Press Enter to accept the default values. In the RPM installer Configure VMware Tools, type vmware-config-tools.pl Press Enter to accept the default values. 8 After the upgrade is complete, restart the network by running /etc/init.d/network restart. 9 Type exit. 10 Start your graphical environment. 11 In an X terminal, run vmware-toolbox &.
vCloud Director User's Guide Guest Operating Systems A guest operating system is an operating system that runs inside a virtual machine. You can install a guest operating system in a virtual machine and control guest operating system customization for virtual machines created from vApp templates. In “Guest Operating System Support,” on page 119, you can see a list of the supported guest operating systems and whether customization is automatic or manual.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines If the check box is selected, and the virtual machine's configuration parameters in vCloud Director are out of synch with the settings in the guest OS, the Profile tab on the virtual machines Properties page displays that the settings out of synch with the guest OS and the virtual machine needs guest customization. Guest customization Behavior for vApps and Virtual Machines The check boxes are deselected.
vCloud Director User's Guide These are the default values of guest customization settings. n The Enable guest customization check box is deselected. n In Windows guest virtual machines, the Change SIDcheck box is deselected. n The password reset setting is deselected. After you import or upload to a catalog, these are the default values. n The Customize VM Settings check box is selected in the vApp n The Enable guest customization check box is selected for the virtual machines.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines 6 Select the vApp, right-click, and select Add to Catalog. The vApp is saved as a vApp template in the selected catalog. Power on and Force Recustomization of a Virtual Machine If the settings on a guest virtual machine are not in synch with vCloud Director or an attempt to perform guest customization has failed, you can power on and force the recustomization of the virtual machine. You are at least a vApp user.
vCloud Director User's Guide A script starts that copies files to the guest and prepares the virtual machine template for customization. NOTE If you add new Windows NT vApp Templates, you need to complete only steps 4-7 once. You do not need to repeat these steps for additional virtual machines in the Catalog that result from copying these virtual machines. Customize Your Solaris vApp Template You must manually customize Solaris vApp templates. Prerequisites Ensure VMware Tools are installed.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 In the right pane, select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Properties. 4 On the Guest OS Customization tab, in the Customization Script panel, click Browse. 5 Navigate to your script file and click Open. The file must be a batch file for Windows virtual machines and a shell script for Unix virtual machines. 6 Click OK.
vCloud Director User's Guide The password for your virtual machine is reset. Domain Join Requirements for Windows The automatic domain join feature has several requirements. During the customization process, for Windows 2000, Microsoft Sysprep attempts to join the domain before network customization occurs. Therefore, the network properties of the source virtual machine are used to attempt to join the domain.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Guest Operating System Support vCloud Director supports a wide variety of 32-bit and 64-bit operating systems in its virtual machine templates and virtual machines. VMware recommends that you use version 9, but you can import version 4 virtual machines.
vCloud Director User's Guide Table 9-5.
Chapter 9 Working with Virtual Machines Table 9-7. UNIX/Linux Guest Operating System Support, 64-Bit Support (Continued) Operating System Virtual Machine Version Customization Support Other 2.6x Linux Version 9 Automatic Other 2.4x Linux Version 9 Automatic Other Linux Version 9 Automatic Solaris Guest Operating System, 32-Bit Support For 32-bit Solaris guest operating systems, Table 9-8 provides the virtual machine version and whether guest customization is automatic or manual. Table 9-8.
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Index C catalog access contents 46 add new 45 change owner 47 delete 48 media file from public catalog 49 properties, modify 48 public catalogs 49 publish 46 share 47 understanding 48 vApp template from public catalog 49 working with 45 changing your password 13 D DHCP network services 23, 73 E expired items, working with 34 F guest OS customizing guest OS when saving vApp template as a vApp 113 understanding guest customization 112 I importing virtual machines 69 IP address persistence 81 L leases,
vCloud Director User's Guide view syslog server settings 33 viewing IP usage 32 organizations adding LDAP users and groups 37 adding local users 37 adding SAML users and groups 37 change full name 36 cloud resources 21 email preferences 37 enable domain join 40 lease settings 38 limit settings 38 manage resources 41 manage users and groups 41 manage virtual machines 42 modify email settings 39 modify policies 39 monitoring events 42 monitoring tasks 43 monitoring the log 42 quota settings 38 review the pro
Index add an organization vDC network 72 add existing virtual machine 63 add new 62 adding virtual machines 68 boot delay 70 change the owner 84 changing name 82 configure networks 64 configure VM 63 copy to another vDC 86 copying 66 creating from a vApp template 62 delete 87 delete a network 80 deploy 66 discard suspended state 67 display diagram 84 display IP allocations for your vApp network 81 force recustomization of a virtual machine 115 managing expired 34 modify network properties 80 move to anothe
vCloud Director User's Guide enable guest customization 104, 106–108 install in a vApp 103 install with guest customization disabled 106 install with guest customization enabled 105 installing 103, 106 installing in a new virtual machine 101 installing or upgrading 107 Linux Tar or RPM installer 110 X with RPM installer 109 save vApp template to My Cloud 105, 107 Solaris 111 start the vApp after installation 103, 104, 109 understanding 101 upgrade 108 upgrading 108 Windows 109 VMware Tools, in a vApp 102 V
