vCloud Director User's Guide vCloud Director 5.5 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition. To check for more recent editions of this document, see http://www.vmware.com/support/pubs.
vCloud Director User's Guide You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at: http://www.vmware.com/support/ The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates. If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to: docfeedback@vmware.com Copyright © 2010–2014 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright and trademark information. VMware, Inc. 3401 Hillview Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94304 www.vmware.com 2 VMware, Inc.
Contents vCloud Director User's Guide 7 Updated Information 9 1 Getting Started with vCloud Director 11 Understanding VMware vCloud Director 11 Log In to the Web Console 12 Using vCloud Director 12 Set Mozilla Firefox Options 13 Set Microsoft Internet Explorer Options 14 Set User Preferences 15 Change Your Password 16 2 Managing Cloud Resources 17 Managing Virtual Datacenters 17 Managing Organization Virtual Datacenter Networks Managing Expired Items 30 18 3 Working in an Organization 31 Understandin
vCloud Director User's Guide Understanding Catalogs and Their Contents Working in Published Catalogs 46 47 5 Working with Media Files 49 Upload Media Files 49 Resume the Upload of a Media File 50 Copy Media Files to a Catalog 50 Move Media Files to Another Catalog 50 Delete Media Files 51 Modify Media File Properties 51 6 Working with vApp Templates 53 Open a vApp Template 53 Add a vApp Template to My Cloud 54 Download a vApp Template 54 Upload an OVF Package as a vApp Template 55 Resume the Upload o
Contents Save vApp as a vApp Template to Your Catalog 86 Save a Powered-On vApp to your Catalog 86 Create a Snapshot of a vApp 87 Revert a vApp to a Snapshot 87 Remove a Snapshot of a vApp 87 Copy a vApp to Another Virtual Datacenter 88 Copy a Powered-On vApp 88 Move a vApp to Another Virtual Datacenter 89 Delete a vApp 89 8 Working with Virtual Machines 91 Open a Virtual Machine Console 92 Power On a Virtual Machine 92 Power Off a Virtual Machine 92 Reset a vApp or Virtual Machine 93 Suspend a Virtual
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vCloud Director User's Guide The VMware vCloud Director User's Guide provides information about managing organizations, catalogs, vApps, and virtual machines. Intended Audience This book is intended for anyone who wants to set up and configure organizations in VMware vCloud Director. The information in this book is written for non-system administrators, including organization administrators who will create and set up vApps, catalogs, and virtual machines. VMware, Inc.
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Updated Information This vCloud Director User's Guide is updated with each release of the product or when necessary. This table provides the update history of the vCloud Director User's Guide. Revision Description 001257-01 n n 001257-00 VMware, Inc. Removed outdated table information in “Guest Operating System Support,” on page 119. Corrected the procedure in “Share A Catalog,” on page 43. Initial release.
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Getting Started with vCloud Director 1 When you log in to the vCloud Director Web console, the Home tab provides access to your resources and links to common tasks. You can also set your user preferences and view the product help.
vCloud Director User's Guide Virtual Datacenters An organization virtual datacenter provides resources to an organization. Virtual datacenters provide an environment where virtual systems can be stored, deployed, and operated. They also provide storage for virtual media, such as floppy disks and CD ROMs. An organization can have multiple virtual datacenters.
Chapter 1 Getting Started with vCloud Director n Users & Groups The vApps in your organization are displayed for easy access. Catalog authors see links to these tasks. n Add Cloud Computer System n Build new vApp n Manage Catalogs n New Catalog vApp authors see links to these tasks. n Add Cloud Computer System n Build new vApp vApp users see links to these tasks. n Add Cloud Computer System The vApps in your organization are displayed for easy access.
vCloud Director User's Guide n The user looks for a target on the internal network using Firefox. Procedure 1 Select an option. Operating System Action Windows Tools > Options Linux Edit > Preferences 2 Click the Advanced button. 3 On the Network tab, click the Settings button. 4 Enter the IP of the cell or load balancer in the No Proxy for: field. The specified Web addresses are bypassed by the Firefox proxy server.
Chapter 1 Getting Started with vCloud Director Bypass the Proxy in Internet Explorer You can configure the Internet Explorer proxy server to bypass certain Web addresses. If all of these conditions exist, you can configure Internet Explorer to bypass specific Web addresses. n The internal network is configured with a proxy server to access the external network. n The browser's proxy server connection has no local exceptions.
vCloud Director User's Guide Change Your Password If you have a local user account, you can change your password. Procedure 1 Log in to your organization. 2 In the title bar of the Web console, click Preferences. 3 On the Change Password tab, type your current password, type your new password, and retype your new password. 4 Click OK. vCloud Director logs you out. What to do next Log in using your new password. 16 VMware, Inc.
Managing Cloud Resources 2 A vCloud Director system administrator creates and assigns virtual datacenters and networks to an organization. An organization administrator can view information about these resources and perform a limited set of management tasks. Contact your system administrator if you need more organization virtual datacenters or organization virtual datacenter networks..
vCloud Director User's Guide 2 Select Cloud Resources > Virtual Datacenters. 3 Select a virtual datacenter, right-click, and select Properties. 4 Review the properties and click OK. What to do next To modify your organizational virtual datacenters, contact your system administrator. Monitor Your Virtual Datacenter You can monitor the virtual datacenter assigned to your organization and determine when to request additional capacity. You are an organization administrator.
Chapter 2 Managing Cloud Resources Table 2‑1. Types of Organization Virtual Datacenter Networks Organization Virtual Datacenter Network Type Description Direct Accessible by multiple organizations. Virtual machines belonging to different organizations can connect to and see traffic on this network. This network provides direct layer 2 connectivity to virtual machines outside of the organization. Virtual machines outside of this organization can connect to virtual machines in the organization directly.
vCloud Director User's Guide 3 Select Enable DHCP. 4 Type a range of IP addresses or use the default range. vCloud Director uses these addresses to satisfy DHCP requests. The range of DHCP IP addresses cannot overlap with the static IP pool for the organization virtual datacenter network. 5 Set the default lease time and maximum lease time or use the default values. 6 Click OK. vCloud Director updates the network to provide DHCP services.
Chapter 2 Managing Cloud Resources If a system administrator specified syslog server settings and those settings have been applied to the organization virtual datacenter network, then you can log firewall rule events. For information about applying syslog server settings, see “Apply Syslog Server Settings to an Organization Virtual Datacenter Network,” on page 29. To view the current syslog server settings see “View Syslog Server Settings for an Organization Virtual Datacenter Network,” on page 29.
vCloud Director User's Guide 13 (Optional) Select the Log network traffic for firewall rule check box. If you enable this option, vCloud Director sends log events to the syslog server for connections affected by this rule. Each syslog message includes logical network and organization UUIDs. 14 Click OK and click OK again. Reorder Firewall Rules for an Organization Virtual Datacenter Network Firewall rules are enforced in the order in which they appear in the firewall list.
Chapter 2 Managing Cloud Resources Create a VPN Tunnel In an Organization An organization administrator can create a VPN tunnel between two organization virtual datacenter networks in the same organization.
vCloud Director User's Guide 3 Click the VPN tab and click Add. 4 Type a name and optional description. 5 Select A network in another organization from the drop-down menu. 6 Click Connect to another organization, type the login information for the peer organization, and click Continue. Option Description vCloud URL Base URL of the vCloud instance that contains the peer organization. For example, https://www.example.com. Do not include /cloud or /cloud/org/orgname in the URL.
Chapter 2 Managing Cloud Resources vCloud Director configures the organization peer network endpoint. What to do next Manually configure the remote peer network endpoint. Enable Static Routing for an Organization Virtual Datacenter Network An organization administrator can configure certain organization virtual datacenter networks to provide static routing services.
vCloud Director User's Guide 4 Click the Static Routing tab and click Add. 5 Type a name, network address, and next hop IP address. The network address is for the first vApp network to which you want to add a static route. The next hop IP address is the external IP address of that vApp network's router. 6 Select Within this network, and click OK. 7 Click OK. 8 Repeat Step 4 through Step 7 to add a route to the second vApp network.
Chapter 2 Managing Cloud Resources n A vApp network is routed to each organization virtual datacenter network. n The vApp networks are in vApps that were started at least once. Procedure 1 Click Administration and select the organization virtual datacenter. 2 Click the Org virtual datacenter Networks tab, right-click the organization virtual datacenter network name, and select Configure Services. 3 Click the Static Routing tab and click Add.
vCloud Director User's Guide Table 2‑7. Static Routing Settings for Org VDC Network 2 Static Route to Network Route Name Network Next Hop IP Address Route vApp Network 1 tovapp1 192.168.1.0/24 10.112.205.101 To external network vApp Network 2 tovapp2 192.168.11.0/24 192.168.10.100 Within this network What to do next Create firewall rules to allow traffic on the static routes.
Chapter 2 Managing Cloud Resources 3 On the Network Specification tab, type an IP address or a range of IP addresses in the text box and click Add. 4 Click OK. View vApps and vApp Templates That Use an Organization Virtual Datacenter Network You can view a list of the all the vApps and vApp templates that include virtual machines with a NIC connected to an organization virtual datacenter network. Prerequisites Verify that you are an organization administrator.
vCloud Director User's Guide Prerequisites Verify that an external NAT-routed organization virtual datacenter network is in place. You are an organization administrator. Procedure 1 Click Administration and select the organization virtual datacenter. 2 Click the Org VDC Networks tab, right-click the organization virtual datacenter network name, and select Synchronize syslog server settings. 3 Click Yes.
Working in an Organization 3 Most operations in vCloud Director occur in an organization. The system administrator creates the organization and assigns an organization administrator to it. The system administrator emails the URL of the organization to the organization administrator, who can log in to the organization and set it up. In the Home page the organization administrator clicks the Set up the Organization link to assign resources and manage a variety of operations on the organization.
vCloud Director User's Guide When a storage lease expires, vCloud Director marks the vApp or vApp template as expired, or deletes the vApp or vApp template, depending on the organization policy you set. For more information about specifying lease settings, see “Configure Organization Lease, Quota, and Limit Settings,” on page 34. Users can configure email notification to receive a message before a runtime or storage lease expires.
Chapter 3 Working in an Organization Import Users and Groups You can add users and groups from an LDAP or SAML server to the organization and assign them a role within the organization. Prerequisites Verify that your organization has a valid connection to an LDAP or SAML server. Procedure 1 Click Import. 2 Select the type of server to import from. 3 Type a full or partial name of a user or group and click Search. If you are importing from a SAML server, you must include the domain name (ex.
vCloud Director User's Guide 2 Select a notification settings option. Option Description Use system default notification settings The organization uses the system notification settings. Set organization notification settings The organization uses its own notification settings. Type an email address that appears as the sender for organization emails, type text to use as the subject prefix for organization emails, and select the recipients for organization emails.
Chapter 3 Working in an Organization 2 In the left pane, select Settings > General. 3 You can complete these operations. 4 n Review your organization's default URL. n Modify your organization's full name. n Type a description. Click Apply. Modify Your Email Settings You can review and modify the default email settings that were set when the system administrator created your organization. You are an organization administrator. Procedure 1 Click Administration.
vCloud Director User's Guide 3 Select the lease options for vApps and vApp templates. Leases provide a level of control over an organization's storage and compute resources by specifying the maximum amount of time that vApps can be running and that vApps and vApp templates can be stored. You can also specify what happens to vApps and vApp templates when their storage lease expires. 4 Select the quotas for running and stored virtual machines.
Chapter 3 Working in an Organization n Verify that you have access to an OpenAM or Active Directory Federation Services SAML identity provider. n Create an XML file with the following metadata from your SAML identity provider. n The location of the single sign-on service n The location of the single logout service n The location of the service's X.
vCloud Director User's Guide 2 3 Download the policy files for the version of Java being used from the following links. n Java Runtime Environment 6 n Java Runtime Environment 7 Use the cell management tool to quiesce the vCloud Director cell. See the vCloud Director Installation and Upgrade Guide. 4 Stop vCloud Director services. See the vCloud Director Installation and Upgrade Guide.
Chapter 3 Working in an Organization Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, select VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Properties. 4 Modify the relevant properties in each of the tabs and click OK. What to do next For more information on managing virtual machines, see Chapter 8, “Working with Virtual Machines,” on page 91. Viewing Organization Log Tasks and Events You can view tasks and events in your organization to monitor and audit vCloud Directory activities.
vCloud Director User's Guide What to do next To troubleshoot a failed task, contact your system administrator. 40 VMware, Inc.
Working with Catalogs 4 A catalog is a container for vApp templates and media files in an organization. Organization administrators and catalog authors can create catalogs in an organization. Catalog contents can be shared with other users or organizations in the vCloud Director installation or published externally for access by organizations outside the vCloud Director installation. vCloud Director contains private catalogs, shared catalogs, and externally accessible catalogs.
vCloud Director User's Guide Add a New Catalog You can create catalogs to group your vApp templates and media files. Prerequisites Verify that you are at least a catalog author. Procedure 1 Click Catalogs and select My Organization's Catalogs in the left pane. 2 On the Catalogs tab, click Add Catalog. 3 Type a catalog name and optional description and click Next. 4 Select the type of storage to use for vApp templates and ISOs in this catalog and click Next.
Chapter 4 Working with Catalogs 6 Click Add Organizations. NOTE This option might be unavailable, depending on your organizational settings. a b Select which organizations on this vCloud Director installation can access this catalog. n Select All organizations to grant catalog access to all organizations in the vCloud Director installation. n Select Specific organizations to grant catalog access to certain organizations and click Add.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 Click Catalog and select My Organization's Catalogs in the left pane. 2 On the Catalogs tab, right-click the catalog name and select Publish Settings. 3 On the Sharing tab, click Add Members. 4 Select which users and groups in the organization can access this catalog. Option 5 Description Everyone in this organization All users and groups in the organization have access to this catalog.
Chapter 4 Working with Catalogs What to do next Provide the subscription URL listed on the External Publishing tab and the password to grant access to the catalog. An organization must subscribe to the catalog to gain access to its contents. Change the Owner of a Catalog You can change the owner of a catalog. Before you can delete a user who owns a catalog, you must change the owner or delete the catalog. Prerequisites Verify that the system administrator gave you access to the catalog.
vCloud Director User's Guide 5 Change the relevant properties and click OK. Your catalog properties are updated. Subscribe to an External Catalog Feed You subscribe an organization to an external catalog feed to access a catalog from outside of the installation of vCloud Director. Procedure 1 Click Catalogs and select My Organization's Catalogs in the left pane. 2 Click Add Catalog and type a name and optional description for the catalog feed.
Chapter 4 Working with Catalogs Access vApp Templates in a Catalog You can access vApp templates in a catalog in your organization or, if you are an organization administrator, from a published catalog. Procedure 1 Click Catalog. 2 In the left pane, click My Organization's Catalogs and click the vApp Templates tab. 3 Right-click a vApp template to see the operations you can complete.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 Click Catalogs. 2 In the left pane, click Public Catalogs. Media files are available for use if they reside in the same virtual datacenter as your Cloud vApp. 3 On the Media tab, select a media file, right-click and select Copy to Catalog. 4 Click OK. The media file is copied to your catalog. What to do next You can select the media file and move it to another catalog in your organization, delete it, or change its properties. 48 VMware, Inc.
Working with Media Files 5 The catalog allows you to upload, copy, move, and edit the properties of media files. This chapter includes the following topics: n “Upload Media Files,” on page 49 n “Resume the Upload of a Media File,” on page 50 n “Copy Media Files to a Catalog,” on page 50 n “Move Media Files to Another Catalog,” on page 50 n “Delete Media Files,” on page 51 n “Modify Media File Properties,” on page 51 Upload Media Files You can upload media files to a catalog.
vCloud Director User's Guide Resume the Upload of a Media File If you paused, cancelled, or interrupted the upload of a media file, you can resume it. n You are at least a catalog author. n If you log out of vCloud Director and log in, transfer history is lost. You cannot resume the upload. n The default timeout for pending transfer sessions is one hour. You can configure this value. n During pending or stopped transfers, the session keep alive heartbeat kicks in every 15 minutes.
Chapter 5 Working with Media Files Procedure 1 Click Catalogs. 2 Click the Media tab, select a media file, right-click, and select Move To Catalog. 3 Select a catalog. The catalog you select must be in your organization. 4 Click OK. The media file is moved to the selected catalog. Delete Media Files You can delete media files from your catalog. You are at least a catalog author. Procedure 1 Click Catalogs > My Organization's Catalogs.
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Working with vApp Templates 6 A vApp template is a virtual machine image that is loaded with an operating system, applications, and data. These templates ensure that virtual machines are consistently configured across an entire organization.
vCloud Director User's Guide Add a vApp Template to My Cloud You can add a vApp template as a vApp from your catalog to My Cloud. You are at least a vApp author. If the vApp template is based on an OVF file that includes OVF properties for customizing its virtual machines, those properties are passed to the vApp. If any of those properties are user-configurable, you can specify the values. Prerequisites A vApp template is available in a published or a locally shared catalog. Procedure 1 Click Catalogs.
Chapter 6 Working with vApp Templates Prerequisites The computer from which you are downloading must have Java Plug-in 1.6.0_10 or later installed. Procedure 1 Click Catalogs. 2 In the left pane, click on a catalog option. n My Organization's Catalogs n Public Catalogs You can download vApp templates from your organization's catalogs or, if you are an organization administrator, from a public catalog. 3 On the vApp Templates tab, select a vApp template, right-click, and select Download.
vCloud Director User's Guide Resume the Upload of a vApp Template If the upload process is interrupted, paused, or cancelled you can resume it. n You are at least a catalog creator. n If you log out of vCloud Director and log in, transfer history is lost. You cannot resume the upload. n The default timeout for pending transfer sessions is one hour. You can configure this value up to one hour. n During pending or stopped transfers, the session keep alive heartbeat kicks in every 15 minutes.
Chapter 6 Working with vApp Templates Copy a vApp Template Between an Organization's Catalogs You can copy a vApp template from one catalog in your organization to another catalog in the same organization. This is useful if the catalogs are shared with different users and you want both groups of users to have access to the vApp template. You are an organization administrator, catalog author, or vApp author.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 Click Catalogs > My Organization's Catalogs. 2 On the vApp Templates tab, select a vApp template, right-click, and select Delete. 3 Click Yes. The selected vApp is deleted. Save a vApp as a vApp Template You can save a vApp to a catalog as a vApp template. Prerequisites Verify that the following conditions are met. n Your organization has a catalog and a virtual datacenter with available space. n You are at least a vApp author.
Chapter 6 Working with vApp Templates 2 On the vApp Templates tab, right-click a vApp template and select Properties. 3 On the General tab, modify the vApp template name and description. 4 Select a vApp creation option. This option applies when creating a vApp based on this template. It is ignored when building a vApp using individual virtual machines from this template.
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Working with vApps 7 A vApp consists of one or more virtual machines that communicate over a network and use resources and services in a deployed environment. A vApp can contain multiple virtual machines.
vCloud Director User's Guide n “Create a Snapshot of a vApp,” on page 87 n “Revert a vApp to a Snapshot,” on page 87 n “Remove a Snapshot of a vApp,” on page 87 n “Copy a vApp to Another Virtual Datacenter,” on page 88 n “Copy a Powered-On vApp,” on page 88 n “Move a vApp to Another Virtual Datacenter,” on page 89 n “Delete a vApp,” on page 89 Create a vApp From a vApp Template You can create a new vApp based on a vApp template stored in a catalog to which you have access.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps 3 Configure the Virtual Machines on page 63 Select the virtual datacenter in which this vApp is stored and runs when it's started. Name each virtual machine and select the network to which you want it to connect. You can configure additional properties for virtual machines after you complete the wizard. 4 Configure Networks on page 64 You can determine how the vApp, its virtual machines, and its networks connect to the organization's networks.
vCloud Director User's Guide Configure Networks You can determine how the vApp, its virtual machines, and its networks connect to the organization's networks. Procedure 1 Select Show networking details. 2 Review the network information. 3 Click Next. 4 Review the summary for the vApp. 5 Click Finish. Import a Virtual Machine as a vApp You can import a vSphere virtual machine to your organization as a vApp. Prerequisites Verify that you are at least a vApp author.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps 3 Select the source from which to upload the OVF package and click Next. Option Action URL Type the URL of the OVF package to use. Local file Click Browse and navigate to the OVF package to use. 4 Review the details of the uploaded OVF and click Next. 5 Type a name and optional description for the vApp. 6 Select a virtual datacenter on which to store and run the vApp from the drop-down menu and click Next.
vCloud Director User's Guide The placement engine uses the following criteria to select candidate datastores for a vApp and its virtual machines. n Storage capacity n Storage policy The placement engine filters out disabled datastores from the candidate list so that no virtual machine is created on a disabled datastore. The placement engine uses the network name to select candidate network pools for a vApp and its virtual machines.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Right-click a vApp and select Download. 4 Type a name for the downloaded OVF package and click Browse to select a download destination. 5 (Optional) Select Preserve Identity to include the UUIDs and MAC addresses of the vApp's virtual machines in the downloaded OVF package. 6 Click OK. Start a vApp Starting a vApp powers on all the virtual machines in the vApp that are not already powered on. You are at least a vApp author.
vCloud Director User's Guide 4 Click OK. Suspend a vApp You can suspend a vApp to save its current state. Prerequisites The vApp is running. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Suspend. The vApp is stopped and is labeled as Stopped. Discard the Suspended State of a vApp You can discard the suspended state of a vApp. Prerequisites The vApp must be stopped and in a suspended state. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Open. 4 Click on the Virtual Machines tab. Add a Virtual Machine to a vApp You can add a virtual machine to a vApp. If the virtual machine is based on an OVF file that includes OVF properties for customization, those properties are retained in the vApp. If any of those properties are user-configurable, you can specify the values in the virtual machine's properties pane after you add it to the vApp.
vCloud Director User's Guide 4 Select the source vCenter server from the drop-down menu and select the virtual machine to import. 5 Enter a name for the imported virtual machine. 6 (Optional) Enter a description for the imported virtual machine. 7 (Optional) Select a storage policy for the imported virtual machine. 8 Choose whether to copy the virtual machine or to move it from the source vCenter server, and click OK.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps 5 Option Description Stop Action Determines what happens to virtual machines when you stop the vApp that contains them. By default, this option is set to Power Off, but you can also set it to Shutdown. Stop Delay How many seconds vCloud Director waits after stopping the virtual machine before stopping the next virtual machine. Click OK.
vCloud Director User's Guide View vApp Networks You can access and display the networks in a vApp. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Open. 4 Click on the Networking tab. 5 Select the Show networking details to display details about each network. Adding Networks to a vApp You can add vApp networks and organization virtual datacenter networks to a vApp.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps Add an Organization Virtual Datacenter Network to a vApp You can add an organization virtual datacenter network to a vApp to make the network available to virtual machines in the vApp. Connections can be direct or fenced. Fencing allows identical virtual machines in different vApps to be powered on without conflict by isolating the MAC and IP addresses of the virtual machines.
vCloud Director User's Guide Prerequisites A routed vApp network or an isolated vApp network. Procedure 1 Click the My Cloud tab and click vApps in the left pane. 2 Right-click a vApp and select Open. 3 On the Networking tab, select Show networking details. 4 Right-click the vApp network and select Configure Services. 5 Click the DHCP tab and select Enable DHCP. 6 Type a range of IP addresses or use the default range. vCloud Director uses these addresses to satisfy DHCP requests.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps 6 Select the default firewall action. Option Description Deny Blocks all traffic except when overridden by a firewall rule. Allow Allows all traffic except when overridden by a firewall rule. 7 (Optional) Select the Log check box to log events related to the default firewall action. 8 Click OK. 9 Click Apply. Add a Firewall Rule to a vApp Network You can add firewall rules to a vApp network that supports a firewall.
vCloud Director User's Guide 10 Type the traffic Destination. Option Description IP address Type a destination IP address to apply this rule on. Range of IP addresses Type a range of destination IP addresses to apply this rule on. CIDR Type the CIDR notation of traffic to apply this rule on. internal Apply this rule to all internal traffic. external Apply this rule to all external traffic. any Apply this rule to traffic with any destination.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps Enable IP Masquerading for a vApp Network You can configure certain vApp networks to provide IP masquerade services. Enable IP masquerading on a vApp network to hide the internal IP addresses of virtual machines from the organization virtual datacenter network. When you enable IP masquerade, vCloud Director translates a virtual machine's private, internal IP address to a public IP address for outbound traffic. Prerequisites Verify that a routed vApp network exists.
vCloud Director User's Guide d Select a VM interface. e Click OK. 7 Click OK. 8 Click Apply. Add an IP Translation Rule to a vApp Network You can configure certain vApp networks to provide IP translation by adding a NAT mapping rule. When you create an IP translation rule for a network, vCloud Director adds a DNAT and SNAT rule to the edge gateway associated with the network's port group. The DNAT rule translates an external IP address to an internal IP address for inbound traffic.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps Enable Static Routing for a vApp Network You can configure certain vApp networks to provide static routing services. After you enable static routing on two or more vApp networks, you can add static routes to allow virtual machines on different vApp networks to communicate. To route traffic between two vApp networks, you must enable static routing on both networks. Prerequisites A routed vApp network. Procedure 1 Click the My Cloud tab and click vApps in the left pane.
vCloud Director User's Guide 6 Type a name, network address, and next hop IP and click OK. The network address is for the vApp network to which to add a static route. The next hop IP is the external IP address of that vApp network's router. 7 Click OK. 8 Click Apply. 9 Repeat Step 2 through Step 8 for the second vApp network. Example: Static Routing Example vApp Network 1 and vApp Network 2 are both routed to Org Network Shared.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps Delete a vApp Network If you no longer need a network in your vApp, you can delete the network. Prerequisites The vApp is stopped and no virtual machines in the vApp are connected to the network. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, select vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Open. 4 On the Networking tab, select the Show networking details check box. 5 Right-click a network in the list and select Delete. 6 Click Apply.
vCloud Director User's Guide Configure IP Address Persistence By default, when you stop a running vApp or power off a virtual machine, vCloud Director releases any IP and MAC addresses the virtual machines were using. You can configure a vApp to retain the network addresses of its virtual machines until the vApp, VM, or network is deleted. Static routing relies on the IP addresses of the virtual machines and virtual routers in a vApp.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Open. 4 On the Networking tab, select a vApp network, right-click, and select Synchronize syslog server settings. 5 Click Yes. Editing vApp Properties You can edit the properties of an existing vApp, including the vApp name and description, OVF environment properties, leases, and sharing settings.
vCloud Director User's Guide 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Properties. 4 On the Custom Properties tab, modify the properties and click OK. Reset vApp Leases You can reset the runtime and storage leases for a vApp. You are at least a vApp user. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Properties.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps Display a vApp Diagram A vApp diagram provides a graphical view of the virtual machines and networks in a vApp. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 On the vApps page, select a vApp, right-click, and select Open. 3 Click the vApp Diagram tab. The vApp diagram is displayed. What to do next You can perform most of the same operations from this tab that you can from the Virtual Machines and Networking tabs.
vCloud Director User's Guide 4 Click Yes. Save vApp as a vApp Template to Your Catalog You can save a vApp as a vApp template and add it to the catalog. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Add to Catalog. 4 (Optional) Modify the name and description. 5 Select the destination virtual datacenter and catalog. 6 In the Storage lease: drop-down menu, select when you would like the vApp template to expire. 7 Select an option.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps 7 8 Select an option. Option Description Make Identical Copy vApps that are created from this vApp template must follow the guest operating system settings of the vApp template. If you select this option, and guest customization is enabled, the guest operating system is personalized. Customize VM Settings Guest operating system is personalized regardless of the vApp template settings, and the guest operating system is personalized when the vApp is deployed. Click OK.
vCloud Director User's Guide 2 Right-click the vApp and select Remove Snapshot. 3 Click Yes. Copy a vApp to Another Virtual Datacenter When you copy a vApp to another virtual datacenter, the original vApp remains in the source virtual datacenter. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Copy to. 4 Type a name and description. 5 Select a virtual datacenter. 6 Click OK.
Chapter 7 Working with vApps Move a vApp to Another Virtual Datacenter When you move a vApp to another virtual datacenter, the vApp is removed from the source virtual datacenter. You are at least a vApp author. Prerequisites Your vApp is stopped. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApps. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Move to. 4 Select a VDC. 5 Click OK. Delete a vApp You can delete a vApp, which removes it from your organization. You must be at least a vApp author.
vCloud Director User's Guide 90 VMware, Inc.
Working with Virtual Machines 8 Virtual machines have a guest operating system on which you can install and run any software supported by that operating system. In vCloud Director, you can install VMware Tools, insert DVDs and floppy disks, and remotely connect to virtual machines. These are the most basic operations that you can do on a virtual machine. n Power On, which is equal to powering on a physical machine. n Power Off, which is equal to powering off a physical machine.
vCloud Director User's Guide n “Editing Virtual Machine Properties,” on page 97 n “Installing VMware Tools,” on page 104 n “Guest Operating Systems,” on page 114 Open a Virtual Machine Console Accessing your virtual machine console allows you to view information about a virtual machine, work with the guest operating system, and perform operations that affect the guest operating system. You might be required to download and install VMware Remote Console Plug-In.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines Reset a vApp or Virtual Machine Resetting a virtual machine clears state (memory, cache, and so on), but the vApps and virtual machines continue to run. Prerequisites Your vApp is started and virtual machine is powered on. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, select vApps or VMs. 3 Select a vApp or virtual machine, right-click, and select Reset. Suspend a Virtual Machine Suspending a virtual machine preserves its current state.
vCloud Director User's Guide 4 Click Yes. Insert a CD/DVD You can access CD/DVD images from catalogs to use in a virtual machine guest operating system. You can install operating systems, applications, drivers, and so on. Prerequisites You have access to a catalog with media files. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 In the right pane, select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Insert CD/DVD from Catalog. 4 Select a media file and click Insert.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines Eject a Floppy After you have finished using a floppy disk in your virtual machine you can eject it. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, select VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Eject Floppy. The floppy disk is removed from the virtual machine. Upgrade the Virtual Hardware Version for a Virtual Machine You can upgrade the virtual hardware version for a virtual machine. Higher virtual hardware versions support more features.
vCloud Director User's Guide 5 Navigate to the location where you want to save the file and click Save. 6 Double-click the file and select Connect. Create a Snapshot of a Virtual Machine You can take a snapshot of a virtual machine. After you take the snapshot, you can revert all the virtual machines to the most recent snapshot, or remove the snapshot. Snapshots do not capture NIC configurations. Prerequisites Verify that the virtual machine is not connected to an independent disk.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Copy to or Move to. 4 Follow the prompts to complete the wizard. 5 Click Finish. Delete a Virtual Machine You can delete a virtual machine from your organization. Prerequisites Your virtual machine must be powered off. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Delete.
vCloud Director User's Guide Change Virtual Machine General Properties You can review and change the name, description, and other general properties of a virtual machine. Prerequisites Verify that the virtual machine is powered off. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Properties. 4 Click the General tab, change the properties, and click OK.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines Prerequisites If CPU hot add or memory hot add is not enabled for the virtual machine, power off the virtual machine before you change the CPU or memory. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Properties. 4 Click the Hardware tab and select the number of CPUs and cores per socket for the virtual machine.
vCloud Director User's Guide Configuring Virtual Machine Resource Allocation Settings Reservation pool virtual datacenters support the ability to control resource allocation at the virtual machine level. Users with the necessary rights can customize the amount of resources that are allocated to their virtual machines. Use the resource allocation settings (shares, reservation, and limit) to determine the amount of CPU, memory, and storage resources provided for a virtual machine.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines For example, assume you have 2GHz available and specify a reservation of 1GHz for VM1 and 1GHz for VM2. Now each virtual machine is guaranteed to get 1GHz if it needs it. However, if VM1 is using only 500MHz, VM2 can use 1.5GHz. Reservation defaults to 0. You can specify a reservation if you need to guarantee that the minimum required amounts of CPU or memory are always available for the virtual machine.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Properties. 4 Click the Hardware tab and click Add in the Hard Disks section. 5 Select the disk size, bus type, bus number, and unit number and click OK. What to do next Use the guest operating system tools to partition and format the new disk. Change a Virtual Machine Hard Disk You can change the bus number and unit number of a virtual machine hard disk.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines Change Network Interface Settings You can disconnect a virtual machine NIC, change the network to which a NIC connects, select a primary NIC, and change the IP addressing mode for a NIC. You do not need to power off the virtual machine to edit network interface settings. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Properties.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Properties. 4 Click the Hardware tab, and in the NICs section, click Add. 5 (Optional) Modify the NIC settings. 6 Click OK. Remove a Network Interface You can remove NICs from a virtual machine. You do not need to power off the virtual machine to remove a network interface. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines 8 On the Guest OS Customization tab, select the Enable guest customization check box. 9 Power the virtual machine on. The guest OS in your newly created virtual machine has been customized. Installing VMware Tools in a vApp When you install VMware Tools in a virtual machine in a vApp, you need to understand the process.
vCloud Director User's Guide 5 Enable Guest Customization on page 107 After you install or upgrade VMware Tools in your virtual machines, you must enable guest customization. 6 Start the vApp on page 107 After you install VMware Tools, you must start the vApp. Disable Guest Customization To install VMware Tools in a virtual machine in a vApp, you must disable guest customization. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, select VMs.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines Stop the vApp To enable guest customization on a virtual machine, you must stop the vApp. You are at least a vApp User. Prerequisites Your vApp is started. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 Power off your virtual machines. 3 Select a vApp, right-click, and select Stop. The vApp is stopped. Enable Guest Customization After you install or upgrade VMware Tools in your virtual machines, you must enable guest customization.
vCloud Director User's Guide 4 Enable Guest Customization on page 109 After you install or upgrade VMware Tools in your virtual machines, you must enable guest customization. 5 Add a vApp to a Catalog on page 109 After you install or upgrade VMware Tools, you can add the updated vApp to your catalog. Save the vApp Template as a vApp To install VMware Tools in a vApp, you must save it as a vApp. Procedure 1 Click Catalogs.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines 5 Select the virtual machine, right-click, and select Install VMware Tools. VMware tools installation is triggered or Tools CD is mounted. You need to open the virtual machine console to complete the installation. VMware Tools is installed. Enable Guest Customization After you install or upgrade VMware Tools in your virtual machines, you must enable guest customization.
vCloud Director User's Guide 2 On the vApp Templates tab, select a vApp template, right-click, and select Properties. 3 Select Make Identical Copy. 4 Select the vApp template, right-click, and select Add to My Cloud. The vApp template has been saved as a vApp. What to do next You need to install VMware Tools. Install or Upgrade VMware Tools You can either install VMware Tools or upgrade the current version in your virtual machine. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, select vApps.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines Prerequisites You must stop the vApp. Procedure 1 Install a New Version of VMware Tools on page 111 After you disable guest customization, you can upgrade VMware Tools. 2 Enable Guest Customization on page 111 After you install or upgrade VMware Tools in your virtual machines, you must enable guest customization. 3 Start the vApp on page 111 After you install VMware Tools, you must start the vApp.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a virtual machine, right-click, and select Install VMware Tools. 4 Follow the prompts to complete the installation wizard. 5 Click Finish. 6 Restart your virtual machine. Install VMware Tools on a Linux Guest in X with the RPM Installer You can use an RPM installer to install VMware Tools on a Linux guest operating system. Prerequisites The VMware Remote Console plug-in is installed.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a Linux virtual machine, right-click, and select Install VMware Tools. 4 Right-click the virtual machine again and click Popout Console. 5 In the guest operating system, log in as root (su-), mount the VMware Tools virtual CD-ROM image, and change to a working directory (for example, /tmp. Some Linux distributions automatically mount CD-ROMs.
vCloud Director User's Guide Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click VMs. 3 Select a Solaris virtual machine, right click, and select Install VMware Tools. 4 Click Popout Console. 5 In the virtual machine, log in as root and, if necessary, mount the VMware Tools virtual CD-ROM image. The Solaris volume manager vold mounts the CD-ROM under /cdrom/vmwaretools. 6 7 8 If the CD-ROM is not mounted, restart the volume manager by running these commands. n /etc/init.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines 6 Point to the virtual machine name and press Ctrl+Alt+Del to boot from the ISO image and start the operating system installer. 7 In the virtual machine console, type the required information to complete the installation. 8 Click Finish. Customizing Your Guest Operating System When you customize your guest OS you can set up a virtual machine with the operating system that you want.
vCloud Director User's Guide n For Windows guest virtual machines, Change SID is the same as the source virtual machine in your catalog. n The password reset setting is same as the source virtual machine in your catalog. You can deselect the Enable guest customization check box if required before you start the VApp.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines Enable or Disable Guest Customization You can disable guest customization for a virtual machine or a vApp template. Prerequisites VMware Tools is installed. Procedure 1 Click My Cloud. 2 In the left pane, click vApp or VMs. 3 Select a vApp or virtual machine, right-click, and select Properties. 4 On the Guest OS Customization tab, select or deselect the Enable guest customization check box. 5 Click OK.
vCloud Director User's Guide Upload a Customization Script You can upload a customization script to a virtual machine. The script runs before and after guest customization when you deploy a virtual machine based on a vApp template. When you add a customization script to a virtual machine, the script is called: n Only on initial customization and force recustomization. n With the "precustomization" command line parameter before guest customization begins.
Chapter 8 Working with Virtual Machines 4 On the Guest OS Customization tab, select the Enable guest customization check box. 5 Select Allow local administrator password. 6 Select Require administrator to change password on first login to require all administrators to change the password upon initial log in. Administrators must know the old password. 7 Choose how to generate the virtual machine password.
vCloud Director User's Guide n Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 64-bit n Microsoft Windows 8 n Microsoft Windows 8.1 n Microsoft Windows 7 n Microsoft Windows Server 2008 n Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 64-bit n Microsoft Windows Server 2003 n Microsoft Windows Small Business Sever 32-bit n Microsoft Windows Vista n Microsoft Windows XP Professional UNIX/Linux Guest Operating System Support The following UNIX and Linux guest operating systems are supported.
Index C L catalog, delete 45 catalogs access contents 43 add new 42 change owner 45 media file from public catalog 47 properties, modify 45 public catalogs 47 publish 44 sharing 43 subscribe 46 understanding 46 vApp template from public catalog 47 working with 41 changing your password 15 leases, runtime and storage 31 limit 101 D DHCP network services 19, 73 E enabling VPN 22 expired items, working with 30 F firewall rules, setting the order 22, 76 G getting started 11 getting started, Home page 12
vCloud Director User's Guide limit settings 34 manage resources 38 manage users and groups 38 manage virtual machines 38 modify email settings 35 modify policies 35 monitoring events 39 monitoring tasks 39 monitoring the log 39 quota settings 34 review the profile 34 set up 32 SMTP server 33 working in 31 P port forwarding rules, setting the order 78 R reservation 100 resource allocation settings limit 101 reservation 100 shares 100 runtime leases 31 S SAML 36 shares 100 sharing catalogs 43 single sign-
Index deploy 67 discard suspended state 68 display diagram 85 display IP allocations for your vApp network 81 force recustomization of a virtual machine 117 managing expired 30 modify network properties 81 move to another virtual datacenter 89 networks 71, 72 profile 63 properties 83 remove VMs 70 reset 68, 93 reset a vApp network 80 resetting leases 84 save as vApp template 86 share 84 snapshots 87 start action 70 start with an older version of VMware Tools 67 starting and stopping VMs 70 stop 67 stop act
vCloud Director User's Guide Solaris 113 start the vApp after installation 106, 107, 111 understanding 104 upgrade 111 upgrading 110 Windows 111 VMware Tools, in a vApp 105 VPN 22 124 VMware, Inc.
