6.0.3
Table Of Contents
- vSphere Security
- Contents
- About vSphere Security
- Updated Information
- Security in the vSphere Environment
- vSphere Authentication with vCenter Single Sign-On
- Understanding vCenter Single Sign-On
- How vCenter Single Sign-On Protects Your Environment
- vCenter Single Sign-On Components
- How vCenter Single Sign-On Affects Installation
- How vCenter Single Sign-On Affects Upgrades
- Using vCenter Single Sign-On with vSphere
- Groups in the vsphere.local Domain
- vCenter Server Password Requirements and Lockout Behavior
- Configuring vCenter Single Sign-On Identity Sources
- Identity Sources for vCenter Server with vCenter Single Sign-On
- Set the Default Domain for vCenter Single Sign-On
- Add a vCenter Single Sign-On Identity Source
- Edit a vCenter Single Sign-On Identity Source
- Remove a vCenter Single Sign-On Identity Source
- Use vCenter Single Sign-On with Windows Session Authentication
- vCenter Server Two-Factor Authentication
- Using vCenter Single Sign-On as the Identity Provider for Another Service Provider
- Managing the Security Token Service (STS)
- Managing vCenter Single Sign-On Policies
- Managing vCenter Single Sign-On Users and Groups
- Add vCenter Single Sign-On Users
- Disable and Enable vCenter Single Sign-On Users
- Delete a vCenter Single Sign-On User
- Edit a vCenter Single Sign-On User
- Add a vCenter Single Sign-On Group
- Add Members to a vCenter Single Sign-On Group
- Remove Members from a vCenter Single Sign-On Group
- Delete vCenter Single Sign-On Solution Users
- Change Your vCenter Single Sign-On Password
- vCenter Single Sign-On Security Best Practices
- Troubleshooting vCenter Single Sign-On
- Understanding vCenter Single Sign-On
- vSphere Security Certificates
- Certificate Management Overview
- Managing Certificates with the Platform Services Controller Web Interface
- Explore Certificate Stores from the Platform Services Controller Web Interface
- Replace Certificates with New VMCA-Signed Certificates from the Platform Services Controller Web Interface
- Make VMCA an Intermediate Certificate Authority from the Platform Services Controller Web Interface
- Set up Your System to Use Custom Certificates from the Platform Services Controller
- Managing Certificates with the vSphere Certificate Manager Utility
- Revert Last Performed Operation by Republishing Old Certificates
- Reset All Certificates
- Regenerate a New VMCA Root Certificate and Replace All Certificates
- Make VMCA an Intermediate Certificate Authority (Certificate Manager)
- Generate Certificate Signing Requests with vSphere Certificate Manager (Intermediate CA)
- Replace VMCA Root Certificate with Custom Signing Certificate and Replace All Certificates
- Replace Machine SSL Certificate with VMCA Certificate (Intermediate CA)
- Replace Solution User Certificates with VMCA Certificates (Intermediate CA)
- Replace All Certificates with Custom Certificate (Certificate Manager)
- Manual Certificate Replacement
- Managing Certificates and Services with CLI Commands
- View vCenter Certificates with the vSphere Web Client
- Set the Threshold for vCenter Certificate Expiration Warnings
- vSphere Permissions and User Management Tasks
- Understanding Authorization in vSphere
- Understanding the vCenter Server Permission Model
- Hierarchical Inheritance of Permissions
- Multiple Permission Settings
- Managing Permissions for vCenter Components
- Global Permissions
- Using Roles to Assign Privileges
- Best Practices for Roles and Permissions
- Required Privileges for Common Tasks
- Securing ESXi Hosts
- Use Scripts to Manage Host Configuration Settings
- Configure ESXi Hosts with Host Profiles
- General ESXi Security Recommendations
- Certificate Management for ESXi Hosts
- Host Upgrades and Certificates
- ESXi Certificate Default Settings
- View Certificate Expiration Information for Multiple ESXi Hosts
- View Certificate Details for a Single ESXi Host
- Renew or Refresh ESXi Certificates
- Change Certificate Default Settings
- Understanding Certificate Mode Switches
- Change the Certificate Mode
- Replacing ESXi SSL Certificates and Keys
- Use Custom Certificates with Auto Deploy
- Restore ESXi Certificate and Key Files
- Customizing Hosts with the Security Profile
- ESXi Firewall Configuration
- Customizing ESXi Services from the Security Profile
- Enable or Disable a Service in the Security Profile
- Lockdown Mode
- Check the Acceptance Levels of Hosts and VIBs
- Assigning Permissions for ESXi
- Using Active Directory to Manage ESXi Users
- Using vSphere Authentication Proxy
- Configuring Smart Card Authentication for ESXi
- ESXi SSH Keys
- Using the ESXi Shell
- Modifying ESXi Web Proxy Settings
- vSphere Auto Deploy Security Considerations
- Managing ESXi Log Files
- Securing vCenter Server Systems
- vCenter Server Security Best Practices
- Verify Thumbprints for Legacy ESXi Hosts
- Verify that SSL Certificate Validation Over Network File Copy Is Enabled
- vCenter Server TCP and UDP Ports
- Control CIM-Based Hardware Monitoring Tool Access
- Securing Virtual Machines
- Limit Informational Messages from Virtual Machines to VMX Files
- Prevent Virtual Disk Shrinking
- Virtual Machine Security Best Practices
- General Virtual Machine Protection
- Use Templates to Deploy Virtual Machines
- Minimize Use of Virtual Machine Console
- Prevent Virtual Machines from Taking Over Resources
- Disable Unnecessary Functions Inside Virtual Machines
- Remove Unnecessary Hardware Devices
- Disable Unused Display Features
- Disable Unexposed Features
- Disable HGFS File Transfers
- Disable Copy and Paste Operations Between Guest Operating System and Remote Console
- Limiting Exposure of Sensitive Data Copied to the Clipboard
- Restrict Users from Running Commands Within a Virtual Machine
- Prevent a Virtual Machine User or Process from Disconnecting Devices
- Modify Guest Operating System Variable Memory Limit
- Prevent Guest Operating System Processes from Sending Configuration Messages to the Host
- Avoid Using Independent Nonpersistent Disks
- Securing vSphere Networking
- Introduction to vSphere Network Security
- Securing the Network with Firewalls
- Secure the Physical Switch
- Securing Standard Switch Ports With Security Policies
- Securing vSphere Standard Switches
- Secure vSphere Distributed Switches and Distributed Port Groups
- Securing Virtual Machines with VLANs
- Creating a Network DMZ on a Single ESXi Host
- Creating Multiple Networks Within a Single ESXi Host
- Internet Protocol Security
- Ensure Proper SNMP Configuration
- Use Virtual Switches with the vSphere Network Appliance API Only If Required
- vSphere Networking Security Best Practices
- Best Practices Involving Multiple vSphere Components
- Synchronizing Clocks on the vSphere Network
- Storage Security Best Practices
- Verify That Sending Host Performance Data to Guests is Disabled
- Setting Timeouts for the ESXi Shell and vSphere Web Client
- Defined Privileges
- Alarms Privileges
- Auto Deploy and Image Profile Privileges
- Certificates Privileges
- Content Library Privileges
- Datacenter Privileges
- Datastore Privileges
- Datastore Cluster Privileges
- Distributed Switch Privileges
- ESX Agent Manager Privileges
- Extension Privileges
- Folder Privileges
- Global Privileges
- Host CIM Privileges
- Host Configuration Privileges
- Host Inventory
- Host Local Operations Privileges
- Host vSphere Replication Privileges
- Host Profile Privileges
- Inventory Service Provider Privileges
- Inventory Service Tagging Privileges
- Network Privileges
- Performance Privileges
- Permissions Privileges
- Profile-driven Storage Privileges
- Resource Privileges
- Scheduled Task Privileges
- Sessions Privileges
- Storage Views Privileges
- Tasks Privileges
- Transfer Service Privileges
- VRM Policy Privileges
- Virtual Machine Configuration Privileges
- Virtual Machine Guest Operations Privileges
- Virtual Machine Interaction Privileges
- Virtual Machine Inventory Privileges
- Virtual Machine Provisioning Privileges
- Virtual Machine Service Configuration Privileges
- Virtual Machine Snapshot Management Privileges
- Virtual Machine vSphere Replication Privileges
- dvPort Group Privileges
- vApp Privileges
- vServices Privileges
- Index
n
Verify that the Platform Services Controller Web interface certicate is trusted by the end user’s
workstation; otherwise, the browser does not aempt the authentication.
n
Congure an Active Directory identity source and add it to vCenter Single Sign-On as an identity
source.
n
Assign the vCenter Server Administrator role to one or more users in the Active Directory identity
source. Those users can then authenticate because they are in the Active Directory group, and they have
vCenter Server administrator privileges. The administrator@vsphere.local user cannot perform smart
card authentication.
n
If you want to use the Platform Services Controller HA solution in your environment, complete all HA
conguration before you set up smart card authentication. See VMware Knowledge base article 2113085
(Windows) or 2113315 (vCenter Server Appliance).
Procedure
1 From a Web browser, connect to the Platform Services Controller by specifying the following URL:
https://psc_hostname_or_IP/psc
In an embedded deployment, the Platform Services Controller host name or IP address is the same as
the vCenter Server host name or IP address.
2 Specify the user name and password for administrator@vsphere.local or another member of the vCenter
Single Sign-On Administrators group.
If you specied a dierent domain during installation, log in as administrator@mydomain.
3 Browse to Single Sign-On > .
4 Click Revocation and enable or disable revocation checking.
5 If certicate policies are in eect in your environment, you can add a policy in the policies
accepted pane.
Set Up RSA SecureID Authentication
You can set up your environment to require that users log in with an RSA SecureID token instead of a
password. SecureID setup is supported only from the command line.
N RSA Authentication Manager requires that the user ID is a unique identier that uses 1 to 255 ASCII
characters. The characters ampersand (&), percent (%), greater than (>), less than (<), and single quote (`) are
not allowed.
Prerequisites
n
Verify that your environment uses Platform Services Controller version 6.0 Update 2 or later, and that
you use vCenter Server version 6.0 or later. Upgrade version 5.5 nodes to version 6.0.
n
Verify that your environment has a correctly congured RSA Authentication Manager and that users
have RSA tokens. RSA Authentication Manager version 8.0 or later is required.
n
Verify that the identity source that RSA Manager uses has been added to vCenter Single Sign-On. See
“Add a vCenter Single Sign-On Identity Source,” on page 31.
n
Verify that the RSA Authentication Manager system can resolve the Platform Services Controller host
name, and that the Platform Services Controller system can resolve the RSA Authentication Manager
host name.
n
Export the sdconf.rec le from the RSA Manager by selecting Access > Authentication Agents >
Generate . Decompress the resulting AM_Config.zip le to nd the sdconf.rec le.
n
Copy the sdconf.rec le to the Platform Services Controller node.
Chapter 2 vSphere Authentication with vCenter Single Sign-On
VMware, Inc. 43