6.0
Table Of Contents
- vSphere Command-Line Interface Concepts and Examples
- Contents
- About This Book
- vSphere CLI Command Overviews
- Introduction
- List of Available Host Management Commands
- Targets and Protocols for vCLI Host Management Commands
- Supported Platforms for vCLI Commands
- Commands with an esxcfg Prefix
- ESXCLI Overview
- Connection Options for vCLI Host Management Commands
- Connection Options for DCLI Commands
- vCLI Host Management Commands and Lockdown Mode
- Managing Hosts
- Managing Files
- Managing Storage
- Introduction to Storage
- Examining LUNs
- Detaching Devices and Removing a LUN
- Working with Permanent Device Loss
- Managing Paths
- Managing Path Policies
- Scheduling Queues for Virtual Machine I/O
- Managing NFS/NAS Datastores
- Monitoring and Managing SAN Storage
- Monitoring and Managing Virtual SAN Storage
- Monitoring vSphere Flash Read Cache
- Monitoring and Managing Virtual Volumes
- Migrating Virtual Machines with svmotion
- Configuring FCoE Adapters
- Scanning Storage Adapters
- Retrieving SMART Information
- Managing iSCSI Storage
- iSCSI Storage Overview
- Protecting an iSCSI SAN
- Command Syntax for esxcli iscsi and vicfg-iscsi
- iSCSI Storage Setup with ESXCLI
- iSCSI Storage Setup with vicfg-iscsi
- Listing and Setting iSCSI Options
- Listing and Setting iSCSI Parameters
- Enabling iSCSI Authentication
- Setting Up Ports for iSCSI Multipathing
- Managing iSCSI Sessions
- Managing Third-Party Storage Arrays
- Managing NMP with esxcli storage nmp
- Path Claiming with esxcli storage core claiming
- Managing Claim Rules
- Managing Users
- Managing Virtual Machines
- vmware-cmd Overview
- Listing and Registering Virtual Machines
- Retrieving Virtual Machine Attributes
- Managing Virtual Machine Snapshots with vmware-cmd
- Powering Virtual Machines On and Off
- Connecting and Disconnecting Virtual Devices
- Working with the AnswerVM API
- Forcibly Stopping Virtual Machines with EXCLI
- Managing vSphere Networking
- Introduction to vSphere Networking
- Retrieving Basic Networking Information
- Network Troubleshooting
- Setting Up vSphere Networking with vSphere Standard Switches
- Setting Up Virtual Switches and Associating a Switch with a Network Interface
- Retrieving Information About Virtual Switches
- Adding and Deleting Virtual Switches
- Checking, Adding, and Removing Port Groups
- Managing Uplinks and Port Groups
- Setting the Port Group VLAN ID
- Managing Uplink Adapters
- Adding and Modifying VMkernel Network Interfaces
- Setting Up vSphere Networking with vSphere Distributed Switch
- Managing Standard Networking Services in the vSphere Environment
- Setting the DNS Configuration
- Adding and Starting an NTP Server
- Managing the IP Gateway
- Setting Up IPsec
- Managing the ESXi Firewall
- Monitoring VXLAN
- Monitoring ESXi Hosts
- Index
Getting Started with vSphere Command-Line Interfaces
44 VMware, Inc.
InESXi5.0,theESXihostcandeterminewhetherthecauseofanAllPathsDown(APD)eventistemporary,or
whetherthecauseispermanentdeviceloss.APDLstatusoccurswhenthestoragearrayreturnsSCSIsense
codesindicatingthattheLUNisnolongeravailableorthata
severe,unrecoverablehardwareproblemexist
withit.ESXihasanimprovedinfrastructurethatcanspeedupoperationsofupper‐layerapplicationsina
devicelossscenario.
To Remove a PDL LUN
HowyouremoveaPDLLUNdependsonwhetheritwasinuse.
IftheLUNthatgoesintoPDLisnotinusebyanyuserprocessorbytheVMkernel,theLUNdisappears
byitselfafteraPDL.
IftheLUNwasinusewhenitenteredPLD,deletetheLUNmanuallybyfollowingtheprocessdescribed
in“DetachingDevicesandRemovingaLUN”onpage 43.
To Reattach a PDL LUN
1ReturntheLUNtoworkingorder.
2Removeanyusersofthedevice.
Youcannotbringadevicebackwithoutremovingactiveusers.The
ESXihostcannotknowwhetherthe
devicethatwasaddedbackhaschanged.ESXimustbeabletotreatthedevicesimilarlytoanewdevice
beingdiscovered.
3Performarescantogetthedevicebackinworkingorder.
Managing Paths
TomaintainaconstantconnectionbetweenanESXihostanditsstorage,ESXisupportsmultipathing.With
multipathingyoucanusemorethanonephysicalpathfortransferringdatabetweentheESXihostandthe
externalstoragedevice.
IncaseoffailureofanelementintheSANnetwork,suchasan
HBA,switch,orcable,theESXihostcanfail
overtoanotherphysicalpath.Onsomedevices,multipathingalsooffersloadbalancing,whichredistributes
I/Oloadsbetweenmultiplepathstoreduceoreliminatepotentialbottlenecks.
ThestoragearchitectureinvSphere4.0andlatersupportsaspecialVMkernellayer,PluggableStorage
Architecture
(PSA).ThePSAisanopenmodularframeworkthatcoordinatesthesimultaneousoperationof
multiplemultipathingplugins(MPPs).YoucanmanagePSAusingESXCLIcommands.See“Managing
Third‐PartyStorageArrays”onpage 87.ThissectionassumesyouareusingonlyPSApluginsincludedin
vSpherebydefault.
Multipathing with Local Storage and FC SANs
Inasimplemultipathinglocalstoragetopology,youcanuseoneESXihostwithtwoHBAs.TheESXihost
connectstoadual‐portlocalstoragesystemthroughtwocables.Thisconfigurationensuresfaulttoleranceif
oneoftheconnectionelementsbetweentheESXihostandthelocalstoragesystemfails.
TosupportpathswitchingwithFCSAN,theESXihosttypicallyhastwoHBAsavailablefromwhichthe
storagearraycanbereachedthroughoneormoreswitches.Alternatively,thesetupcanincludeoneHBAand
twostorageprocessorssothattheHBAcanuseadifferentpathtoreachthe
diskarray.
InFigure 4‐4,multiplepathsconnecteachhostwiththestoragedevice.Forexample,ifHBA1orthelink
betweenHBA1andtheswitchfails,HBA2takesoverandprovidestheconnectionbetweentheserverandthe
switch.TheprocessofoneHBAtakingoverforanotheris
calledHBAfailover.
I
MPORTANTDonotplanforAPD/PDLevents,forexample,whenyouwanttoupgradeyourhardware.
Instead,performanorderlyremovalofLUNsfromyourESXiserver,whichisdescribedin“DetachingDevices
andRemovingaLUN”onpage 43,performtheoperation,andaddtheLUNback.