User manual

EMU3 emulator features UM0036
286/385 Doc ID 7705 Rev 11
The event column serves chiefly to allow you to filter out the hardware cycles of interest
using the Filter Lines option in the Trace contextual menu, described in Filter lines.
● Hexadecimal: The instruction in hexadecimal format, if this is a Fetch instruction cycle.
● Disassembly: The instruction in assembly language mnemonics, if this is a Fetch
instruction cycle.
● Symbolic Disassembly: The instruction in assembly language mnemonics with
symbolic operands, if this is a Fetch instruction cycle.
● Time Stamp: The value in nanoseconds of the time marker at this event. The time
stamp is not recalculated when you remove events from the display by filtering (see
Filter lines).
● (TEv) Timestamp Event: Signals the occurrence of events that affect the validity of the
value in the Timestamp column—in particular:
– Restart: An automatic restart of the 30-bit Timestamp counter. This means that
the 30-bit Timestamp counter register has been filled and has started counting
again, and the fact has been registered by the trace. Note that a trace recording
is forced each time a Timestamp counter restart occurs. This allows you to be
able to calculate the absolute amount of time passed between the beginning of the
run and any given trace record. However, after a Restart message is shown,
remember that the value in the Time Stamp column is only relative to the last
Restart message, not absolute. To obtain the true value of time passed, refer to
Example 5—Measuring long time periods between events for an example of how
to measure the time passed between events, even when the Time Stamp counter
has been restarted.
– Discontinuity: Interruption of the timestamp counter’s ability to write to the trace,
due to the emulator’s processor being in energy-saving mode, such as after a halt
or a wait for instruction. While the timestamp counter continues, there is no way to
force the trace to record any restart messages that occur when the counter
restarts. Because of this, there is no way to determine the time elapsed between
two events when a Discontinuity message occurs between them. However, the
relative time elapsed between two events occurring before the discontinuity, or two
events occurring after the discontinuity can still be calculated and is valid.
● Trace discontinuity: Indicates that the trace record in the buffer is not continuous. This
is the case when the trace is turned on or off from the BEM or from the stand-alone
viewer, to record only certain events. It is not the case when the Trace display has
been filtered using the Filter Lines option, as the record in the buffer is unaffected.
● TIN (Trigger IN): External Trigger input.
● AI (Analyzer Input): Input from the Analyzer input connector on the EMU3 probe.
● BEM (Advanced Breakpoints): Shows the level and the logic states of the Bus Event
Machine (BEM) as they become TRUE. These are reported in the form BEM l[1-4] [e1
/ e2 / if / e3 / e4 / else]. For example: BEM l2 e1 if indicates that on Level 2 of the
sequencer, Event 1 is TRUE and at the same time the condition IF is TRUE (only one
event is necessary to fulfill the IF condition in this case).
10.1.2 Trace contextual menu
The Trace window contextual menu contains commands for trace operations plus several
trace window configuration options.
Right-click anywhere within the Trace window to open the Trace contextual menu and
access the following options and commands (see Figure 218).