USER'S GUIDE Vaisala WINDCAP© Ultrasonic Wind Sensor Series WMT700 M211095EN-E
Vaisala Oyj P.O. Box 26 FI-00421 Helsinki Finland Phone (int.): +358 9 8949 1 Fax: +358 9 8949 2227 Visit our Internet pages at www.vaisala.com. © Vaisala 2013 No part of this manual may be reproduced, published or publicly displayed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical (including photocopying), nor may its contents be modified, translated, adapted, sold or disclosed to a third party without prior written permission of the copyright holder.
_________________________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INFORMATION .......................................................................... 11 About This Manual ................................................................. 11 Contents of This Manual ..................................................... 11 Version Information ............................................................. 12 Related Manuals .................................
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Wind Measurement on Request .......................................... 42 Host System Connections and Interfaces............................ 43 Serial Communication and Analog Output .......................... 45 Serial Communication ............................................................ 45 Digital Communication Interface.......................................... 45 Profiles ............................................
_________________________________________________________________________________ Adapter Cable for WS425 Serial Output ...................... 101 Adapter Cable for WS425 Analog Frequency Output .......................................................................... 102 Adapter Cable for WS425 Analog Voltage Output....... 103 Differences between WMT700 and WS425 Analog Output Signals ................................................................... 104 Powering in Retrofit Installations ...............
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Missing Readings .............................................................. 133 Error Indication .................................................................. 134 Measurement Mode Commands ......................................... 135 WMT700 Profile Commands ............................................. 135 MEAS — Start Measurement ....................................... 136 OPEN — Enter Configuration Mode .........
_________________________________________________________________________________ aAb! — Change Address ............................................. 170 aC! — Start Concurrent Measurement ........................ 171 aD0! — Send Data ....................................................... 172 aI! — Send Identification .............................................. 172 aM! — Start Measurement ........................................... 173 aV! — Start Verification ...........................................
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ APPENDIX E WMT700 NMEA MWV PROFILE ................................................................ 209 Configurable Parameters ................................................... 210 WMT700 NMEA MWV Commands ................................... 211 WMT700 NMEA MWV Data Message .............................. 212 Missing Readings ......................................................... 212 APPENDIX F ACCESSORIES ..........
_________________________________________________________________________________ List of Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Figure 23 Figure 24 Figure 25 Figure 26 Figure 27 Figure 28 Figure 29 Figure 30 Figure 31 Figure 32 Figure 33 Figure 34 Figure 35 Figure 36 Figure 37 Figure 38 Figure 39 Figure 40 Figure 41 Figure 42 Fi
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Figure 49 Figure 50 Figure 51 Figure 52 Figure 53 Figure 54 Figure 55 Figure 56 Figure 57 Figure 58 Wind Speed Voltage Analog Output with WS425 Cable and Adapter Cable for Analog Voltage Output ....................... 142 Wind Direction Voltage Output with WS425 Cable and Adapter Cable ......................................................................... 143 Testing WMT700 with WM Verifier ..............................
_________________________________________________________________________________ List of Tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Table 11 Table 12 Table 13 Table 14 Table 15 Table 16 Table 17 Table 18 Table 19 Table 20 Table 21 Table 22 Table 23 Table 24 Table 25 Table 26 Table 27 Table 28 Table 29 Table 30 Table 31 Table 32 Table 33 Table 34 Table 35 Table 36 Table 37 Table 38 Table 39 Table 40 Table 41 Table 42 Table 43 Table 44 Table 45 Manual Revisions
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Table 46 Table 47 Table 48 Table 49 Table 50 Table 51 Table 52 Table 53 Table 54 Table 55 Table 56 Table 57 Table 58 Table 59 Table 60 Table 61 Table 62 Table 63 Table 64 Table 65 Table 66 Table 67 Configurable Parameters for WS425 A/B NMEA Standard Profile ...................................................................... 154 Configurable Parameters for WS425 A/B NMEA Extended Profile ..................................
Chapter 1 _________________________________________________________ General Information CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INFORMATION This chapter provides general notes for the manual and the WMT700 series. About This Manual This manual provides information for installing, operating, and maintaining Vaisala WINDCAP® Ultrasonic Wind Sensors WMT701, WMT702, and WMT703, commonly referred to as WMT700.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ - Appendix B, Typical System Environments, lists the most typical WMT700 system environments. - Appendix C, Default Settings for Different Communication Profiles, lists the default settings for different digital communication profiles. - Appendix D, Configuration Parameters, lists the WMT700 configuration parameters.
Chapter 1 _________________________________________________________ General Information Documentation Conventions Throughout the manual, important safety considerations are highlighted as follows: WARNING Warning alerts you to a serious hazard. If you do not read and follow instructions very carefully at this point, there is a risk of injury or even death. CAUTION Caution warns you of a potential hazard.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WARNING Make sure that you connect only de-energized wires. WARNING Using a long cable between different units (sensors, transmitters, power supplies, and displays) can cause a lethal surge voltage, if a lightning strike occurs in the vicinity. Always apply proper grounding procedures and follow the requirements of the local Electrical Code.
Chapter 1 _________________________________________________________ General Information Regulatory Compliances Vaisala WINDCAP® Ultrasonic Wind Sensor WMT701, WMT702, and WMT703 comply with the performance and environmental test standards listed in Table 3 below. Wind tunnel tests have been performed according to Sonic anemometers/thermometers - Acceptance test methods for mean wind measurements ISO 16622:2002 and Measnet Anemometer Calibration Procedure Version 2, October 2009.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Table 4 Electromagnetic Compatibility Tests Test Setup According to Conducted RF immunity IEC 61000-4-6 EFT immunity IEC 61000-4-4 Surge immunity IEC 61000-4-5 ESD immunity IEC 61000-4-2 High voltage (Dielectric tests) IEC 60947-2 1) Conducted emissions CISPR 22 Radiated emissions CISPR 22 RF field immunity IEC 61000-4-3 Insulation resistance IEC 60092-504 1) Limits according to IEC 60945: Maritime navigation and radiocom
Chapter 2 ___________________________________________________________ Product Overview CHAPTER 2 PRODUCT OVERVIEW This chapter introduces the features, advantages, and product nomenclature of WMT700. Introduction to WMT700 Vaisala WINDCAP® Ultrasonic Wind Sensor WMT700 measures wind speed and direction, and sends the measurement results to data acquisition systems. WMT700 forms part of the Vaisala weather measurement offering suitable for systems and standalone installations.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WMT700 is configured at the factory according to the customer's order, and it is ready for operation directly after the installation. If required, the user also has a wide range of configuration options for the wind sensor and the measurement settings. WMT700 can be equipped with accessories to tailor the instrument to match different user-specific needs.
Chapter 2 ___________________________________________________________ Product Overview 1104-065 Figure 2 WMT700 Wind Sensor from Below The following numbers refer to Figure 2 above: 1 = Waterproof vent 2 = Mounting adapter screw (3 pcs; use Allen key 4 mm) 3 = 17-pin M23 male connector NOTE Do not open the sensor. There are no user-serviceable parts inside.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ 1104-064 Figure 3 FIX70 Mounting Kit The following numbers refer to Figure 3 above: FIX70 consists of : 1 = Fix body 2 = Removable mast guide with mounting hardware 3 = Mounting hardware (M6 nuts, washers) 4 = U bolts for ø30 mm mast (2 pcs) 5 = U bolts for ø60 mm mast (2 pcs) 20 ___________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-E
Chapter 2 ___________________________________________________________ Product Overview 1305-001 Figure 4 WS425FIX60-POM The following numbers refer to Figure 4 above: 1 = Clamp 2 = Label 1305-002 Figure 5 WMT70FIX60-POM The following numbers refer to Figure 5 above: 1 = Clamp 2 = Label VAISALA ________________________________________________________________________ 21
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ 1305-003 Figure 6 WS425FIX60-RST and WS425FIX60 The following numbers refer to Figure 6 above: 1 = Screw hole 2 = Label 3 = Clamp 1305-004 Figure 7 WMT70FIX60-RST The following numbers refer to Figure 7 above: 1 = Screw holes 2 = Label 3 = Clamp 22 ___________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-E
Chapter 2 ___________________________________________________________ Product Overview Ordering Options A WMT700 unit can be configured by ordering options to suit versatile customer needs.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Heating Ordering option 3, Heating, defines if the sensor is equipped with extra heating for demanding environmental conditions. Option 4 providing full sensor heating is best suited for most demanding environments. Note that power consumption requirement depends on the selected heating option. Table 7 Option 1 2 3 4 Heating Heating Non-heated Heated transducers (Min.
Chapter 2 ___________________________________________________________ Product Overview Digital Communication Profile Ordering option 5, Digital Communication Profile, defines the communication protocol used for the sensor. WS425 options are usable and backwards compatible when replacing WS425 sensor with a WMT700 unit. MARINE and WIND TURBINE options are customer-specific profiles.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Analog Output Signal for Wind Speed Channel Ordering option 7, Analog Output for Wind Speed, can be disabled or factory-configured for 8 different modes. WS425 options are usable and backwards compatible when replacing WS425 sensor with a WMT700 unit.
Chapter 2 ___________________________________________________________ Product Overview Analog Output Signal for Wind Direction Channel Ordering option 8 defines Analog Output Signal for Wind Direction.WS425 Potentiometer output is backward compatible when replacing WS425 with a WMT700 unit. For different wind speed and direction representations, see Figure 13 on page 39. Note that the wind direction offset must be 0 for the for the readings to correspond with Figure 13.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Table 13 Analog Output Configuration Selection 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cable type No cables Cable 2 m, cable connector, open leads on one end Cable 10 m, cable connector, open leads on one end MAWS cable 10 m AWS520 cable 10 m.
Chapter 2 ___________________________________________________________ Product Overview Manual Ordering option 13, Manual, defines available manual version and possible special package design.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Accessories WMT700 can be tailored to your needs with several accessories. The accessories include, for example, mounting adapters for different mast diameters, cables for different host systems and preferred communication types, a bird prevention kit, and a field calibration kit.
Chapter 2 ___________________________________________________________ Product Overview Bird Cage Vaisala recommends using the optional bird cage in areas with large bird populations. The cage is designed to prevent large birds from disturbing the measurement. It has been tested in a wind tunnel with wind speeds of up to 40 m/s without noticeable effects on the wind speed and direction measurement.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WM Verifier The optional WM Verifier is a small echo-free chamber for testing the mechanical integrity of WMT700 and performing onepoint calibration. The verifier ensures that the array is undamaged and the transducers are parallel to each other. You can perform the verifier test in a laboratory or in the field. For instructions on performing the verifier test, see section Testing Proper Operation on page 181.
Chapter 2 ___________________________________________________________ Product Overview Cables Select the required cables according to your operating environment.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Cable Tightening Tool WMT700 is shipped with a cable tightening tool (237888SP). When a cable is inserted in the cable tightening tool, it is easier to grip and rotate the cable when connecting it to WMT700. After tightening, the cable tightening tool can be left in place.
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description CHAPTER 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION This chapter describes the functionality of WMT700. Operating Principle WMT700 uses the Vaisala WINDCAP® ultrasonic sensor technology in wind measurement. The sensor has an onboard microcontroller that captures and processes data and communicates over serial interfaces. The wind sensor has an array of three equally spaced ultrasonic transducers on a horizontal plane.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ 1005-007 Figure 11 Ultrasonic Measurement Principle The following numbers refer to Figure 11 above: 1 = Ultrasonic measurement with zero wind 2 = Impact of tail wind on ultrasonic measurement 3 = Impact of head wind on ultrasonic measurement 36 ___________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-E
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description The microcontroller calculates WS from the measured transit times using the following formula: VW = 0.5 ⋅ L ⋅ (1/t f − 1 / t r ) where Vw L tf tr = = = = Wind velocity Distance between two transducers Transit time in the forward direction Transit time in the reverse direction Measuring the six transit times allows Vw to be computed for each of the three ultrasonic paths.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ The vectors are calculated as follows: Va = 0.5 ⋅ La ⋅ (1/A 1 − 1 / A 2 ) Vb = 0.5 ⋅ Lb ⋅ (1/A 3 − 1 / A 4 ) Vc = 0.5 ⋅ Lc ⋅ (1/A 5 − 1 / A 6 ) The equation depends on the accurate distance of the measurement path (L).
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description Figure 13 below shows examples of wind speed and direction presentations.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Wind Speed and Direction Averaging WMT700 provides average values for wind speed and direction using either scalar or vector averaging. With both methods, the average is determined according to the user-configurable averaging time. The averaging time affects serial communication and analog output similarly. You can also configure the gust averaging time for calculating wind extreme values.
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description Figure 14 below shows an example of averaging wind direction when the measured wind values are 355° and 10°. The resulting average is 2.5°. 1005-024 Figure 14 Example of Wind Direction Averaging Wind Direction Coasting Accurate wind direction measurement requires that the wind speed is sufficient.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Measurement Methods WMT700 measures wind speed and direction either continuously or for the duration of the user-configurable averaging time. You can select the measurement mode over the serial interface. Continuous Measurement You can set WMT700 to measure wind data continuously until the sensor receives the STOP command.
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description Host System Connections and Interfaces WMT700 always needs a host device for measurement data collection and presentation. The host device is usually an automatic weather station, but other host devices such as data loggers or personal computers can also be used. WMT700 performs calculation, quality control, and data format procedures on the measurement data.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Figure 15 NOTE External Interfaces of WMT700 For examples of typical system environments for WMT700, see Appendix B, Typical System Environments, on page 197.
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description Serial Communication and Analog Output The following functionality is preconfigured at the factory according to your order: - Digital communication interface for COM2 Digital communication profile for COM2 Digital communication units Analog output signals for wind speed channel (AOUT1) Analog output signals for wind direction channel (AOUT2) For descriptions of serial commands and data messages, see section Operation
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Regardless of the factory configuration, COM2 interface type can be changed by using terminal software. For more information, see section com2_interf in Appendix D, Configuration Parameters, on page 205. For information on wiring, see section Wiring on page 77. Profiles The digital communication profile is used to preconfigure WMT700 according to your order at the factory.
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description Protocols In addition to the protocols preconfigured under standard profiles, there are additional protocols available in WMT700. The protocol used is defined by related parameters. For more information, see Parameter Handling Commands on page 111.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Figure 16 below shows the configuration and measurement modes of both serial ports provided by WMT700. 1001-111 Figure 16 Configuration and Measurement Modes After power-up, WMT700 is in the measurement mode. To change settings, use the OPEN command to enter the configuration mode. When you have changed the settings, use the CLOSE command to exit the configuration mode.
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description Serial Interface Timing Depending on the selected interface, the serial data interface timing is as follows: - Interfaces RS-232, RS-485, RS-422: Figure 17 below shows timing when WMT700 is polled in the measurement mode. 1002-050 Figure 17 Timing for RS-232, RS-485, and RS-422 Interfaces The response delay t2 is user-configurable. In the configuration mode, some commands have a longer response delay.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Analog Output Analog outputs are either enabled or disabled, and the output settings are preconfigured at the factory according to your order. In analog output operation WMT700 takes measurements according to the configured averaging time and synthesizes the analog outputs of wind speed and wind direction with an update interval of 0.25 seconds.
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description 1307-019 Figure 18 Frequency Output VAISALA ________________________________________________________________________ 51
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Analog Output Scaling You can specify the transfer function between measured values and output analog values. You can select the analog output type as well as the gain and offset used in the transfer function. For information on the parameters, see Appendix D, Configuration Parameters, on page 205. Table 19 below shows the factory default settings for the different analog output modes.
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description NOTE The scaling of the current output 4…20 mA depends on the sensor measurement range (WMT701, WMT702, or WMT703), while the 0…20 mA output has 0.2 mA / m/s scaling for all the measurement ranges. Table 20 and Table 21 below list the most common settings for different units. Table 20 Common Transfer Function Settings for AOUT1 (WS) Output Signal Voltage Scaling/Units 8 mV / mph 100 mV / m/s Current 0.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Example 1 - Output mode: voltage - Offset: 0.0 - Gain: 0.1 With the above settings, the analog output voltage range is from 0 V (0 m/s) to 7.5 V (75 m/s). When the measured wind speed is 10 m/s, the output voltage is 1.0 V. See the formula below: Output = 0.0 + 10 × 0.1 = 1.0 V Example 2 - Output mode: current - Offset: 0.004 - Gain: 0.
Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________ Functional Description Missing Readings and Error Indication If WMT700 is not able to measure the wind, it indicates a missing reading in the output. Most common reasons for measurement problems are foreign objects (such as ice, birds, or other foreign objects) on the line of measurement or sound reflections from nearby objects (such as wind tunnel walls).
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Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation CHAPTER 4 INSTALLATION This chapter contains information that is needed to install WMT700. NOTE If you are upgrading from WS425 to WMT700 and using a WS425 mounting kit, see section Mounting with WS425 Mounting Kit on page 90. Maritime Installations In maritime installations according to IEC 60945, WMT700 belongs to the installation category C, which means that it is exposed to weather.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Selecting Installation Location Finding a suitable site for WMT700 is important for getting representative ambient measurements. Select a site that represents the general area of interest. Follow the WMO Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation WMONo. 8, or other application-specific requirements set by various organizations, like the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation 1001-016 Figure 19 Recommended Location in Open Area where h r y z = = = = Height of a building or other high structure Distance from a building or other high structure Distance from the vertical mast Diameter of the vertical mast VAISALA ________________________________________________________________________ 59
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ 1005-001 Figure 20 Recommended Mast Length on Top of Building where h = Recommended minimum height for the vertical mast H = Height of the building W = Diagonal of the building WARNING To protect personnel (and the wind sensor), install a lightning rod with the tip at least one meter above WMT700. The rod must be properly grounded, compliant with all local applicable safety regulations.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Figure 21 Minimum Distance between Two WMT700 Devices Installed at Same Height VAISALA ________________________________________________________________________ 61
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Installation Procedure At the measurement site, you need to mount, align, and connect WMT700 to the power source and data acquisition system. You can install the optional bird cage after the wind sensor is mounted and the transportation damper is removed from the sensor. For instructions, see section Installing Bird Cage on page 75.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation When unpacking the wind sensor, remove the transportation damper that protects the sensor body. To avoid bending or twisting the array, do not remove the damper protecting the array until you have installed WMT700. Figure 23 below shows the damper protecting the array. Retain all original packaging in case you have to return WMT700 to Vaisala Service Center for maintenance purposes.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Mounting on Vertical Pole Mast When mounting WMT700 on a vertical pole mast, you can place it either on the side or on top of the mast. When selecting the mounting position, take into account the other equipment installed on the mast (for instance, lightning rods) and how the cable has been routed (outside or inside the mast). Figure 26 on page 66 and Figure 27 on page 67 show the mounting procedure.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation 1306-140 Figure 25 NOTE Attaching Connector to WMT700 You do not need to remove the cable tightening tool after tightening the connector; you can leave it in place. 6. Hold the wind sensor from the enclosure and slide the sensor into the mounting kit. Turn the sensor so that the mounting screw slides into the appropriate slot. Do not touch the array when handling WMT700.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ NOTE When installing WMT700 to the side of a mast, make sure that the mounting kit is positioned at the top level of the mast. See Figure 26 below.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation 1006-078 Figure 27 WMT700 on Top of Pole Mast The following numbers refer to Figure 27 above: 1 2 3 4 5 = = = = = WMT700 wind sensor Mounting screw in final position North arrow U-bolt and nut (M8DIN934-A4) in horizontal slot FIX70 mounting kit VAISALA ________________________________________________________________________ 67
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Mounting on Horizontal Cross Arm When mounting WMT700 on a cross arm, the wind sensor can be placed with the array facing up or down. Mounting WMT700 with the array facing down provides additional protection against the accumulation of snow and interference from birds. The adapter drains located at the bottom of WMT700 prevent water from accumulating inside the mounting adapter.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation 1006-079 Figure 28 WMT700 on Cross Arm with Array Facing Up The following numbers refer to Figure 28 above: 1 2 3 4 5 6 = = = = = = WMT700 wind sensor Mounting adapter FIX70 mounting kit Mounting screw in final position U-bolt and nut (M8DIN934-A4) in vertical slot North arrow VAISALA ________________________________________________________________________ 69
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ 1006-080 Figure 29 WMT700 on Cross Arm with Array Facing Down The following numbers refer to Figure 29 above: 1 2 = = FIX70 mounting kit WMT700 wind sensor 70 ___________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-E
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation The recommended way to tighten the connector is to use the cable tightening tool shipped with your WMT700. The ribbed part of the tool offers a better grip of the cable when tightening the connector. Insert the cable in the cable tightening tool as shown in Figure 30 below. You do not need to remove the cable tightening tool when the connector is tightened. For detailed instructions, see Figure 25 on page 65.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ You can tighten the connector without the cable tightening tool by rotating the ribbed part of the connector by hand. However, do not use tools when tightening the connector. 1103-054 Figure 31 Tightening Connector without Cable Tightening Tool The following number refers to Figure 31 above: 1 = Tighten the connector by rotating the ribbed part of the connector by hand.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Checklist for Connection Cables Take the following issues into account when installing WMT700: - How you route the cables depends on the mounting option selected for WMT700. When mounting to a mast, you can route the cable either outside or inside the mast depending on the mast type and other equipment (for instance, lightning rods) installed to the mast.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Alignment WMT700 is permanently marked with the letter N and a north arrow. You must align WMT700 in such a way that the arrow points to the north. Misaligning WMT700 causes a wind direction offset error in the measurement results, as shown in Figure 33 on page 75. To align WMT700: 1. 2. Determine if the array of WMT700 is correctly aligned with a compass or other similar method.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation 1001-018 Figure 33 Incorrectly Aligned WMT700 and Resulting Offset Error where N = Correct direction for true north α = Wind direction offset error caused by the misalignment of WMT700 Alignment Tuning If mechanical alignment of WMT700 cannot be done, you can correct the wind direction offset error by using an offset adjustment command. For instructions, see Appendix D, Configuration Parameters, on page 205.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ To install the optional bird cage: 1. 2. Unpack the bird cage and the bird cage straps. Position the bird cage on top of the wind sensor and press the kit down until the three hooks are in contact with the transducer arms. Run the lower strap through the three guides in the kit. Figure 34 below shows the correct position. Lift the latch screw. Insert the strap to the latch. Press the latch screw down.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Wiring The 17-pin M23 male connector is located at the bottom of WMT700. The connector is used for power supply, digital communications, and analog outputs. The signals related to digital communications are galvanically separated from the ground. The connector type is Hummel 7.106 series. Cables Ready-made cables are available for use with Vaisala MAWS and AWS520 systems. These cables have connectors on both ends.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Cable 2 m, Cable 10 m, Cable 15 m, and Cable 26 m Table 22 below shows how to connect Cable 2 m (227567SP), Cable 10 m (227568SP), Cable 15 m (237890SP), and Cable 26 m (237889SP).
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation RS485 for COM2 with Cable 2 m and 10 m In RS485 mode, the same signals as in RS422 mode are available at the end of Cable 2 m and Cable 10 m. Make two-wire loopbacks at the end of the cable, as shown in Table 23 and Figure 35 below.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ RS485 Cable 2 m and RS485 Cable 10 m RS485 Cable 2 m and RS485 Cable 10 m are designed for the standard connection: operating power, heater power, and RS485. The two-wire RS485 loopback connections, as shown in Table 24 below, are preconnected inside the cable.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Connector Signals Figure 36 and Table 25 below describe the pin-out of the 17-pin M23 connector as seen from the outside. The serial output type of COM2 depends on the sensor configuration. Analog outputs are always available from the connector.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Heating WMT700 can include a heating functionality that ensures proper operation in cold environmental conditions or in cases where snow and ice build-up is possible.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Heated Transducers and Arms In addition to heated transducers, the array arms can also be heated, which prevents ice build-up on the arms. The functional principle is the same as with the heated transducers only, but the maximum heating power is limited to 200 W and the average heating power is limited to 150 W. WARNING Some WMT700 product versions provide heating for transducers and/or array arms.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Powering WMT700 has separate power supply inputs for operating and heating power. The inputs are usually connected to the same 24 VDC power supply unit, but special applications such as battery operation or battery back-up may require separate supplies.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Figure 37 below shows the wiring of non-heated WMT700 versions. 1301-017 Figure 37 NOTE Wiring of Non-heated WMT700 Versions In maritime environments, the normal input voltage ranges are: operating voltage 10 … 30 VDC (-10% … +30%) and heating voltage 24 … 30 VDC (-10% … +30%), as defined in the maritime standard IEC 60945.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Figure 38 and Figure 39 below illustrate WMT700 Operating Supply Current Consumption and Operating Supply Power Consumption.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Heating Power Table 27 below lists the minimum power supply requirements of each WMT700 heating option. NOTE In maritime environments, the normal input voltage ranges are: operating voltage 10 … 30 VDC (-10% … +30%) and heating voltage 24 … 30 VDC (-10% … +30%), as defined in the maritime standard IEC 60945.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Figure 40 and Figure 41 below illustrate the wiring of heated WMT700 instruments. 1301-018 Figure 40 Wiring of Heated WMT700 Versions, Part 1 Note that when using separate power supplies for operating and heating, the minus (-) terminals of the power supplies are connected together by an additional wire. Use a minimum 0.75 mm2 wire for connecting the (-) terminals together.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation NOTE Always use cables that meet the minimum dimension requirements. Long cables with thin wires cause power losses in the cable and significantly decrease the heating capabilities of WMT700. Loop resistance of 0.15 Ω results in approximately 1 V drop in heating voltage with 200 W heating. You should note this to get proper heating capability. For example, the loop resistance of a 10 m cable (227568SP) is 0.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ CAUTION When handling WMT700, do not rotate, pull, strike, bend, scrape, or touch the transducers with sharp objects. Any impact on the wind sensor array damages the device. NOTE Save the container and all the packaging materials for future transporting or shipping. For instructions on unpacking, see section Unpacking on page 62.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation 1104-081 Figure 42 Retrofit Installation to Pole Mast The following numbers refer to Figure 42 above: 1 = WMT700 2 = Mounting adapter for FIX30/60 3 = WS425 mounting kit 4 = Mounting screw VAISALA ________________________________________________________________________ 91
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ 1104-082 Figure 43 Retrofit Installation to Cross Arm with Array Facing Up The following numbers refer to Figure 43 above: 1 = WMT700 2 = Mounting adapter for FIX30/60 3 = Mounting screw 4 = WS425 cross arm 92 ___________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-E
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation 1104-083 Figure 44 Retrofit Installation to Cross Arm with Array Facing Down The following numbers refer to Figure 44 above: 1 = Mounting adapter for FIX30/60 2 = WS425 cross arm 3 = WMT700 VAISALA ________________________________________________________________________ 93
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Before You Start Before you start the retrofit installation procedure, make sure that you have the correct items: - Correct mounting kit (already attached to the mast) for a retrofit installation. Figure 45 below shows the available options: FIX30 and WS425FIX60 mounting kits. 1006-054 Figure 45 FIX30, WS425FIX60-RST, and WS425FIX60POM For information on the FIX70 mounting kit, see Figure 3 on page 20.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation - Correct mounting adapter for your installation; FIX30, WS425FIX60-POM, or WS425FIX60-POM, see Figure 46 below. The diameter of the mounting adapter for the adapters is 61 mm. Change the mounting adapter if necessary. If you are not sure that you have the correct mounting adapter, contact Vaisala.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Mounting Procedure To upgrade from WS425 to WMT700: 1. 2. Uninstall WS425. If you are using a WMT700 cable, run the cable through the WS425 mounting kit. Connect the cable to the WMT700 wind sensor. If you are using a WS425 cable, ensure the pre-installed Oring seal sits properly in the plastic male connector (between the existing WS425 cable and the adapter cable).
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Tightening Connector When connecting the cable to your WMT700, it is recommended that you tighten the connector with the cable tightening tool shipped with your WMT700. The ribbed part of the tool offers a better grip of the cable when tightening the connector. Insert the cable in the cable tightening tool as shown in Figure 30 on page 71 and Figure 25 on page 65.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Checklist for Connection Cables Take the following issues into account when installing WMT700: - How to route the cables depends on the mounting option selected for WMT700. When mounting to a mast, the cable can be routed either outside or inside the mast depending on the mast type and other equipment (for instance, lightning rods) installed to the mast.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Wiring in Retrofit Installations There are two ways of performing WMT700 retrofit installation: - Using Standard WMT700 Cables - Using WS425 Cables with adapters NOTE To avoid unnecessary connectors and maximize long-term reliability, Vaisala recommends that you use the WMT700 cable for the retrofit installation. Using Standard WMT700 Cables This is the recommended way for the retrofit installation.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ ROSA Cable 10 m (Analog Outputs) The ROSA Cable 10 m (231425SP) is intended for replacing WS425 with WMT700 in the Vaisala ROSA system in case the WS425 has been connected using analog outputs. Table 30 below shows the wire colors and related signals on WMT700. Note that there are serial port signals available for configuration purposes on the cable even though they are not used as operational.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Using WS425 Cables with Adapters If a retrofit installation using WMT700 cables is not possible, there are adapters available for most situations. - Adapter Cable for WS425 Serial (227569SP) - Adapter Cable for WS425 Analog Frequency Output (227570SP) - Adapter Cable for WS425 Analog Voltage Output (227571SP) The adapter cable specifications in this section apply for both heated and non-heated versions of WMT700.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ NOTE The Adapter Cable for WS425 Serial (227569SP) does not support SDI12 operation. Adapter Cable for WS425 Analog Frequency Output The Adapter Cable for WS425 Analog Frequency Output (227570SP) can be with the WS425 cable ZZ45204. Table 32 below lists the adapter pin-outs and signal descriptions as they appear on their user guides for both WMT700 and WS425 connectors.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Adapter Cable for WS425 Analog Voltage Output The Adapter Cable for WS425 Analog Voltage Output (227571SP) can be used with the WS425 cable ZZ45204. Table 33 below lists the adapter pin-outs and signal descriptions as they appear on their user guides for both WMT700 and WS425 connectors.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Differences between WMT700 and WS425 Analog Output Signals WMT700 pin connections differ from the connections of WS425 in that wind speed signal output, both voltage and frequency signals, appears on WMT700 pin 13. NOTE WMT700 analog outputs must be configured according to the appropriate analog output mode, which is either voltage, frequency, or potentiometer.
Chapter 4 ________________________________________________________________ Installation Powering in Retrofit Installations WMT700 is designed to operate with the same supply voltages as WS425 and no connection changes are necessary. The power consumption depends on the selected heating options. WMT700 with heated transducers can be used to replace similar WS425 models. When upgrading from WS425 to WMT700 with heated transducers and arms, more capacity is required from the power supply unit.
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Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation CHAPTER 5 OPERATION This chapter contains information on WMT700 configuration, operating commands, protocols, and data messages. Note that some of the operations are conducted in the configuration mode and others in the measurement mode. For detailed mode descriptions, see section Measurement and Configuration Modes on page 47.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Set the communication parameters according to the configured port settings of WMT700. The default values for WMT700 are: - Bits per second: 9600 - Data bits: 8 - Parity: None - Stop bits: 1 - Flow control: None Click Apply and OK. On the Settings tab, click ASCII setup. Select ASCII sending - Send line ends with line feed. Click OK and close the New Connection Properties window.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Entering and Exiting Configuration Mode With OPEN and CLOSE commands you can toggle between configuration mode and measurement mode. In the measurement mode, OPEN changes the mode to the configuration mode, and in the configuration mode, CLOSE changes the mode to the measurement mode. Note that the configuration mode does not recognize the OPEN command and the measurement mode does not recognize the CLOSE command.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Configuration NOTE You have chosen the initial settings for WMT700 when placing the order. In case you want to check and/or change the settings, see the instructions in this section. Otherwise, you can start using WMT700 directly after the installation. The initial settings have been configured at the factory according to the customer specifications you have given when ordering the product.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Table 35 Command ? BAUD CLEARERR CLOSE ERRORS G H MEAS POLL RESET S START STOP VERSION WIND_GET List of Configuration Mode Commands Description Displays a list of configuration commands. Changes or displays serial port settings. Resets error counters. Switches the serial port to measurement mode. Fetches the error codes and counter information from WMT700. Displays either all or specified parameters.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ S — Set Parameter The S command defines new data messages and changes values of the WMT700 parameters. For parameter names and the allowed and default values, see Appendix D, Configuration Parameters on page 205. You can also use the S command to configure data messages. For instructions, see Appendix D, Configuration Parameters, on page 205.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Example 2 In this example the analog output 1 is set to send measurement data as a current signal, the gain is set to 1 mA/m/s and the offset to 4 mA. S aout1_o,0.004 S aout1_g,0.001 S aout1mode,0 Example 3 In this example both analog outputs are disabled to reduce power consumption. S aout1mode,3 S aout2mode,7 G — Get Parameter The G command shows the values of the configuration parameters.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Example: In this example the averaging time is shown to be 4 seconds. G wndAvg s wndAvg ,3.00000 BAUD — Display or Set Port Settings This command shows or changes values of the serial port settings. Set Port Settings You can use the BAUD command to change the bit rate, parity bit, data bits, stop bit, and communication profile of the selected serial port.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Wind Measurement Control Commands MEAS — Single Wind Measurement This command starts wind measurement based on the userconfigurable averaging time. WMT700 does not send the data message automatically. Use the polling command to fetch measurement data in the required data message format. MEAS START — Start Continuous Measurement This command starts continuous wind measurement.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Diagnostics and Support Commands ERRORS — Get Error Codes and Counts This command fetches error information from WMT700. For a list of the errors and events, see section Error and Event Messages on page 185.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation CLEARERR — Reset Error Codes and Counts This command resets the error counters of WMT700. CLEARERR POLL — Get Message This command fetches the latest measurement data from WMT700. You need to specify the data message format in the command. NOTE Vaisala recommends that you only use this command for testing data connections. To fetch measurement data for other purposes, switch the serial port to the measurement mode.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ wind speed measurement unit, profile, baud rate, interface, and analog output. H VERSION — Show Firmware Version This command displays the label and version of the WMT700 software. VERSION WIND_GET — Get Calibration Data This command fetches the WMT700 calibration date and other calibration data. This information is mostly intended for Vaisala technical support.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation User-Configurable Data Messages You can define new data messages for automatic messaging or polling with the WMT700 profile. Each item in a userconfigurable data message string consists of 2 characters after the \ character. For example, the item for wind speed is \ws. The maximum number of characters for a string is 80. The characters are passed to messages as they are.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Table 36 Item \ad \dm \dx \gu \lu \rg \st \Ts \va \w1 \wd \wm \wp \ws \wx \wy Table 37 Item \01 \02 \03 \04 \cr \lf \se \sp \ss Wind Measurement Items for Data Messages Description Address Wind direction minimum calculated over the averaging period Wind direction maximum calculated over the averaging period Wind gust speed Wind lull speed Signal quality Speed of sound Sonic temperature Validity of the measurement data.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Table 38 Item \er \fb \fh \fs \ft \fv \pa \ra \ta \ti \vh \vi Monitoring Items for Data Messages Description Status code. The code is a decimal number. Each bit corresponds to a status flag. For a list of the bits, see section Status Flags on page 123 0 = No error 1 = Blocked sensor 0 = No error 1 = Heater failure. Incorrect heater resistance.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Example 2: In this example the data message 2 is set to include the following items: - SOH Checksum calculation start point Wind speed, average Wind direction, average Wind gust speed Wind lull speed Wind direction minimum Wind direction maximum Wind direction during the peak speed (wp) occurred Checksum calculation end point EOT Print checksum CR LF S msg2,\01\ss$\ws,\wd,\gu,\lu,\dm,\dx,\w1\se\04\sp\cr\l f WMT700 sends
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Status Flags Table 39 below lists the status flags included in the data message when the status code item \er has been added to the message. Each bit corresponds to a specific status. Status flags are coded in decimal number format. To extract each bit from the status code, the decimal number must be converted to binary format.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Loading Settings from Configuration File To facilitate the configuration of WMT700, all settings can be configured at once using configuration files. You can send a text file containing the configuration settings to the sensor with a terminal program, such as Tera Term or Windows® HyperTerminal. For a list of the parameters and their allowed and default values, see Appendix D, Configuration Parameters, on page 205.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation NOTE RS-485 is a half-duplex interface. If the RS-485 interface is used and response for parameter setting is enabled (messages parameter is set to 1), a simple terminal program cannot be used for loading parameters from file. Example: This configuration file contains all the WMT700 parameters that are user-configurable.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Operating WMT700 After WMT700 has been installed and configured, you can start operating the wind sensor as follows: - To receive wind measurement data through a serial connection as data messages, use serial communication. When using the WMT700 profile, see the operating instructions below. For using the WS425 or SDI-12 profiles, see section Operating WMT700 with WS425 and SDI-12 Profiles on page 145.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Data Messages Depending on the settings, there are two modes in WMT700 for sending data messages to the serial ports: - Poll mode - Automatic message mode The data messages can contain measurement data calculated by WMT700 and information on the status and properties of the wind sensor. For the Automatic message mode, you need to set the following parameters: - autoInt (defines the message send interval in seconds, 0.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Table 40 Data Messages Data Message Description Number WMT700 Data Messages 20 WMT700 NMEA MWV profile message that reports average wind speed and direction. 21 WMT700 profile message that reports average wind speed and direction. 22 WMT700 profile message that reports wind speed in x and y components. 23 WMT700 profile message that reports wind speed and direction and self-diagnostics information.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation WMT700 Data Message 21 WMT700 Data Message 21 reports the wind speed and direction in the format described below: $\ws,\wd\cr\lf where $ \ws \wd \cr \lf = = = = = Fixed text Wind speed, average Wind direction, average CR (carriage return) LF (line feed) Example: $00.08,299.20 Interpretation of the example message: - Wind speed, average: 0.08 m/s - Wind direction, average: 299.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Interpretation of the example message: - Wind speed, average, x component: -0.04 - Wind speed, average, y component: 0.07 For examples of different wind speed and direction presentations, see Figure 13 on page 39.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation WMT700 Data Message 24 WMT700 Data Message 24 reports wind measurement and selfdiagnostics data. The checksum is included in the message. WMT700 calculates the checksum by applying 8-bit XOR for all bytes between checksum calculation start point and end point. The result is printed as a 2-digit hexadecimal value.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WMT700 Data Message 25 WMT700 Data Message 25 reports wind measurement, sonic temperature, and status data. The checksum is included in the message. WMT700 calculates the checksum by applying 8-bit XOR for all bytes between checksum calculation start point and end point. The result is printed as a 2-digit hexadecimal value.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Example: $03.22,75.29,03.38,03.07,22.13,0,A4 Interpretation of the example message: - Wind speed, average: 3.22 m/s Wind direction, average: 75.29° Wind speed, maximum: 3.38 m/s Wind speed, minimum: 3.07 m/s Sonic temperature: 22.13 °C Status code: 0 Checksum: A4 ROSA - MES12 Data Message The MES12 Data Message 12 is used in the ROSA Surface Analyzer for Roads and Runways system.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Error Indication WMT700 provides advanced self-diagnostics for monitoring the status of the wind sensor and the validity of the measurement data. You can use the diagnostics as follows: - WMT700 checks the status of the internal operational software at each reset by verifying the CRC checksum of the software. The software check is not made periodically; it is only made at each reset.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Measurement Mode Commands The available commands in the measurement mode depend on the selected profile. NOTE For a list of serial commands available for all the communication profiles supported by WMT700, see Appendix A, Complete Command Set for WMT700, on page 195. For more detailed information on commands of the WS425 and SDI-12 profiles, see section Operating WMT700 with WS425 and SDI-12 Profiles on page 145.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Table 41 Measurement Mode Commands Command $aMEAS $aOPEN $aPOLL,y $aSLEEP Description Starts wind measurement in single measurement mode. The duration of the measurement is based on the userconfigurable averaging time. Switches the serial port to configuration mode. Fetches latest measurement data from WMT700. Switches WMT700 from normal operating mode to low-power mode. where $ a = = y = Fixed text WMT700 address.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation POLL — Poll Data This command fetches data from WMT700. You need to specify the data message number in the polling command. NOTE When WMT700 is in the low-power mode, it does not receive the first character in the command. Thus, you must send an extra character (space) before the polling command to receive data. $aPOLL,y Where $ a = = y = Fixed text WMT700 address.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ ROSA - MES12 Profile Commands When the ROSA - MES12 profile is selected, you can poll data in the MES12 data message format. This data message is used in the ROSA Surface Analyzer for Roads and Runways system. You can use this data message when WMT700 is connected to the Vaisala ROSA system. M 12 — Poll MES12 Data Message This command fetches data from WMT700 in the MES12 data message format.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Operating WMT700 in WS425 Analog Output Mode This section provides information on operating WMT700 in analog output mode in a system configured for WS425. For general information on operating WMT700 with analog output, see section Analog Output on page 50.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Table 42 Required Parameters for WS425 Analog Output Operation Mode Parameter Name aout1err Default Value Allowed Values 1000 0 …. 32000 aout1_g 1 0 …. 100 aout2_g 1 0 ….
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Wind Speed Output In a system configured for WS425, you can set WMT700 to measure wind speed and send analog output as frequency or voltage. These sections describe WMT700 analog output: - Settings are configured according to Table 42 on page 140. - Wires are connected according to section ROSA Cable 10 m (Analog Outputs) on page 100.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Voltage When voltage is selected as the wind speed analog output, the output from WMT700 varies linearly from 0 VDC at 0 miles per hour to 1 VDC at 125 miles per hour. In SI units, the voltage varies linearly from 0 VDC at 0 meters per second to 1 VDC at 55.88 meters per second. Figure 49 below shows the voltage output when an adapter cable for voltage output (227571SP) and a WS425 cable are used.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Wind Direction Output When wind direction is measured, WMT700 sends analog output as simulated potentiometer output voltage referred to as external reference voltage. The output is a proportional signal 0 ... 100 % of the reference voltage representing the wind direction. The reference voltage must be in the range of 1.0 to 4.0 VDC (WMS425) or 0…10 VDC (WMT700).
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Limitations for Output Signals You can specify the minimum and maximum values for analog output with the configuration parameters. The output is fixed to the specified values, and the unit depends on the selected analog output mode. Example To limit the output 1 in voltage mode to a range of 0.1 … 5 V, set the analog output minimum value to 0.1 and the analog output maximum value to 5.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation Operating WMT700 with WS425 and SDI-12 Profiles In this section, each communication profile has its own section listing the configurable parameters and the available commands and data messages. For information on available commands and data messages when using the WMT700 profile, see Chapter 5, Operation, on page 107.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Operating WMT700 with Terminal Program To operate WMT700 through a serial connection, the following prerequisites are needed: - PC with a serial port. - Required cables for serial connection. For more information, see section Before You Start on page 94. - Any terminal program, such as Tera Term or Windows® HyperTerminal. To switch on WMT700 in measurement mode using Windows® HyperTerminal: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation 12. 13. Wait for 4 seconds. WMT700 enters measurement mode automatically. To test the connection, enter configuration mode with the following command: $0OPEN 14. Use the following command to return to measurement mode: CLOSE You can now start operating WMT700. Note that WMT700 does not send data messages automatically unless configured to do so.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WS425 F/G ASOS Profile Configurable Parameters Table 43 below lists the configurable parameters and their allowed and default values for the WS425 F/G ASOS profile.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation WS425 F/G ASOS Commands WMT700 responds to each command with a fixed-length message. In each of the command descriptions below, is an ASCII carriage return control character and is an ASCII line feed control character. NOTE When the WS425 F/G ASOS profile is selected, WMT700 only responds to upper case characters.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WA — Fetch Averaged Wind Speed and Direction This command requests the averaged wind speed and direction message with peak winds. WA The response to the WA command consists of the averaged wind speed and direction data, peak wind speed, and associated direction. The average wind speed is a scalar running average of the fundamental 1-second interval wind speed measurement made by WMT700.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation A listing for the command response is given below with representative values. P Heater voltage 22.3 Volts P Array heater resistance 4.9 Ohms P Heaters off voltage 0.1 Volts P Incoming supply voltage 12.2 Volts P 5.0 volt supply 5.05 Volts P 10 volt supply 10.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WS425 F/G ASOS Data Message WMT700 responds to the WA command with a data message described in Table 45 below. Table 45 Byte 1 2 3 4 5-7 8-10 11-12 13-14 15-19 20-24 25 26-27 28-29 30 31 32 WS425 F/G ASOS Data Message Description Start of text Sensor ID Command identifier Sensor status: P = Pass F = Fail H = Heater failure For further information, refer to notes 1 and 2.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation 3. The signal quality (bytes 26-27) is a numeric value from 0 to 99 representing the data quality of processed data samples during the averaging time. For example, a value of 99 signifies that all data samples were determined to be valid and processed during the averaging time.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WS425 A/B NMEA Standard Profile When the WS425 A/B NMEA Standard profile is configured, WMT700 sends messages based on the configured automatic message interval. There are no operating commands available for the user. Configurable Parameters Table 46 below lists the configurable parameters and their allowed and default values for the WS425 A/B NMEA Standard profile.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation To start continuous measurement, use the START command. You can stop the measurement with the STOP command. For instructions, refer to sections START — Start Continuous Measurement and STOP — Stop Wind Measurement on page 115. WS425 A/B NMEA Standard Data Message The standard variable length, comma-separated, MWV wind message is defined by NMEA 0183 V2.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WS425 NMEA Extended Profile (v. 0183) When the WS425 A/B NMEA Extended profile is selected, you can set WMT700 to send messages based on the configured automatic message interval or poll data using the $WIP command. Configurable Parameters Table 47 below lists the configurable parameters and their allowed and default values for the WS425 A/B NMEA Extended profile.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation To start continuous measurement, use the START command. You can stop the measurement with the STOP command. For instructions, refer to START — Start Continuous Measurement and STOP — Stop Wind Measurement on page 115. WS425 A/B NMEA Extended Commands This command polls data from WMT700.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WS425 A/B NMEA Extended Data Message WS425 A/B NMEA Extended data message is as follows: $PMWV,,[,,,* where $P MWV ][ = = = = = = = = * = = = = Fixed text Data ID; A … Z Fixed text Wind angle: 0 to 359 degrees Reference: R = relative Wind speed Wind speed unit: K = Kilometers per hour M = Meters per second N = Knots Status: A =]
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation WS425 A/B ASCII Profile In Vaisala WINDCAP® Ultrasonic Wind Sensor WS425 User's Guide, this profile was called the Handar mode. NOTE Configurable Parameters Table 49 below lists the configurable parameters and their allowed and default values for the WS425 A/B ASCII Profile.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WS425 A/B ASCII Commands Table 50 below lists the available commands for operating WMT700 with the WS425 A/B ASCII profile. Table 50 Command I Wx NOTE WS425 A/B ASCII Commands Description Requests identification information for WMT700. Starts measurement based on averaging time and fetches the data.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation WMT700 responds to the Wx command with a 19-character fixed-length data message. For more information, see Table 51 below.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Example of the command and response: W5 W5P1200013.2TDE Interpretation of the example message: - 02H (, start of transmission) Sensor ID: W Averaging in seconds: 5 Sensor status: P = pass Wind direction: 120 Wind speed: 0013 .
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation WS425 A/B WAT11 Profile Configurable Parameters Table 52 below lists the configurable parameters and their allowed and default values for the WS425 A/B WAT11 profile.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ The response is as follows: where = Start of text character (1 digit) = WMT700 identification character, for example, A (one digit) = Wind speed (in meters per second) multiplied by 10. For example, 045 is 4.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation SDI-12 Profile (v 1.3) SDI-12 is a standard for interfacing data recorders with microprocessor-based sensors. The name stands for serial/digital interface at 1200 baud. The SDI-12 Support Group is an association of companies that produce and use SDI-12 products with the purpose of reviewing requests to enhance, clarify, or modify the SDI-12 architecture and that votes on proposed changes to SDI-12.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Configurable Parameters Table 53 below lists the configurable parameters and their allowed and default values for the SDI-12 profile.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation SDI-12 Commands Table 54 below lists the available commands for operating WMT700 with SDI-12 profile. NOTE You can only use COM2 serial port for sending commands and receiving data messages with the SDI-12 profile.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ ?! — Address Query This command queries for the WMT700 address. When you use a question mark (?) as the address character with the a! command, WMT700 responds as if it was being addressed on the SDI-12 bus. Regardless of its address, WMT700 responds to the command, which allows you to determine the address for the wind sensor.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation a! — Acknowledge Active This command ensures that WMT700 is responding to a data recorder or another SDI-12 device. It asks the WMT700 to acknowledge its presence on the SDI-12 bus.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ aAb! — Change Address This command changes the WMT700 address. After WMT700 has received this command and sent a response, the sensor does not respond to any other command for one second. This gives WMT700 time to write the new address to the non-volatile memory. NOTE You can also change the WMT700 address by entering configuration mode and changing the address parameter.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation aC! — Start Concurrent Measurement This command starts concurrent measurement. WMT700 does not return measurement data after this command. It sends a response that indicates when the measurement result can be retrieved using the aD0! command and the number of parameters.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ aD0! — Send Data This command fetches instant data from WMT700. aD0! must be preceded by a C!, M!, or V! command. WMT700 responds by sending measurement data (after C! or M!) or verification data (after V!).
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation The response is the following: allccccccccmmmmmmvvvxxx . . . xxx where a = 11 = cccccccc mmmmmm vvv xxx ... xxx = = = = = Single-digit WMT700 address that corresponds to the first character of the address value SDI-12 version number, indicating SDI-12 version compatibility; for example, version 1.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ The response is the following: atttn where a = ttt = n = = Single-digit WMT700 address that corresponds to the first character of the address value Period of time, in seconds, after which WMT700 has the measurement ready Number of measurement values WMT700 calculates and returns as a response to one or more subsequent aD0! commands Terminates the response Example of the command and response: 1M! 10
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation aV! — Start Verification This command starts verification. However, WMT700 does not return verification data directly after this command. It sends a response that specifies when the verification results can be retrieved using the aD0! command and the number of parameters. The WMT700 verification data includes a watchdog count, sensor measurement unit settings, and the current SDI mode setting.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ SDI-12 Data Messages When the SDI-12 profile is selected, the data message sent by WMT700 depends on the command that you use before fetching the data with the aD0! command.
Chapter 5 _________________________________________________________________ Operation WS425 A/B SDI-12 Message for V Command When you have given the commands aV! and aD0!, the response is the following: a where a = = = = = = Single-digit WMT700 address that corresponds to the first character of the address value Number of times the watchdog has triggered. Ideally should be zero.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Example of the command and response: 1MC! 10025 1D0! 1+2.7+85.2-0.2-2.7+770.
Chapter 6 _______________________________________________________________ Maintenance CHAPTER 6 MAINTENANCE This chapter contains information on performing visual inspection, cleaning, and verifying the operation of WMT700. WARNING Some WMT700 product versions provide heating for transducers, array arms, and/or sensor body. To avoid injury, do not touch the heated parts of the wind sensor when heating is enabled.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Periodic Maintenance WMT700 is a very reliable and rugged sensor. Since no moving or consumable parts are used, no periodic maintenance is required. WMT700 has been calibrated at the factory, and you are not required to perform recalibration. NOTE Periodic calibration of WMT700 is not required for technical reasons.
Chapter 6 _______________________________________________________________ Maintenance Testing Proper Operation WMT700 measures the time it takes for an ultrasonic signal to travel from one transducer to another. Therefore, the accuracy of the sensor depends on the distance between the transducers and the time-of-flight measurement circuit, which uses a crystal oscillator for its time reference. If necessary, you can verify the distance between the transducer arms with an optional verifier.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ 1005-003 Figure 51 Testing WMT700 with WM Verifier 182 __________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-E
Chapter 7 ____________________________________________________________ Troubleshooting CHAPTER 7 TROUBLESHOOTING This chapter describes common problems, their probable causes and remedies, and provides contact information for technical support. Problem Situations Table 55 Problem Connection to WMT700 is lost. Some Problem Situations and Their Remedies Probable Cause Power supply is not sufficient. Wind measurement failure.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Problem WMT700 does not respond to any commands. Probable Cause The communication profile is not correct. Remedy Configure the communication profile to match the host communication profile. The wiring might be incorrect. Check the wiring, see section Wiring on page 77 Use the ERRORS command to fetch the error messages from WMT700. See section ERRORS — Get Error Codes and Counts on page 116.
Chapter 7 ____________________________________________________________ Troubleshooting Problem Inconsistent serial communication or missing data. Retrofit installation of WMT700 is not possible. Probable Cause Pin contacts of the connector have become oxidized or the connector is not firmly attached. You do not have the correct mounting kit for the retrofit installation. WMT700 does not work properly after retrofit installation. Incorrect cables were used in the retrofit installation.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ You can also troubleshoot WMT700 as follows: - Fetch the error and event messages with the ERRORS command. For more information, see section ERRORS — Get Error Codes and Counts on page 116. - Include diagnostics-related items in the data message. For more information, see section Parameter Handling Commands on page 111.
Chapter 7 ____________________________________________________________ Troubleshooting 10. Press # on your keyboard and hold down the key for at least five seconds. WMT700 responds by sending the following string: Ok Restoring COM1 and COM2 settings… Updating the settings will be completed in a few seconds. When the operation is done, WMT700 sends the following response: Done. Rebooting… 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. WMT700 has now applied the settings and will reboot using the new settings.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Technical Support For technical questions, contact the Vaisala technical support by e-mail at helpdesk@vaisala.com.
Chapter 8 _____________________________________________________________ Technical Data CHAPTER 8 TECHNICAL DATA This chapter provides the technical data of WMT700. Table 58 Wind Speed Property Measurement range: WMT701 WMT702 WMT703 Starting threshold Resolution Response time Available variables Accuracy Table 59 Description/Value 0 ... 40 m/s 0 ... 65 m/s 0 ... 75 m/s 0.01 m/s 0.01 m/s 250 ms instant, peak, average, maximum, minimum, gust, lull ±0.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Table 60 Outputs Property Digital outputs: Communication interfaces Communication protocols Bit rate Available averages Analog outputs: Wind speed: Frequency push-pull Frequency pull-down Frequency pull-up Voltage Current Wind direction: Voltage Current Potentiometer Readout update interval Units available Operating mode Virtual temperature NOTE Description/Value COM1: RS-485 COM2: RS-485, RS-422, RS-232, SDI-12 WMT700
Chapter 8 _____________________________________________________________ Technical Data Table 61 General Property Heating Operating temperature Operating voltage: Absolute maximum Heating voltage: Typical ranges Absolute maximum IP class Material: Body Transducers Mounting kit Dimensions: Height Width Depth Weight Connector Description/Value No heating: 0 W Average heating power 30 W Peak transducer heating power: 40 W Average transducer and array arm heating: 150 W Average transducer, arm, and body h
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Table 62 Group Tool Bird Cable Accessories Description Zero Wind Verifier Cable Tightening Tool Bird cage Bird perch Cable connector Cable 2 m, cable connector, open leads on one end Cable 10 m, cable connector, open leads on one end Cable 15 m, cable connector, open leads on one end Cable 26 m, cable connector, open leads on one end RS-485 Cable 2 m, cable connector, open leads on one end RS-485 Cable 10 m, cable connec
Chapter 8 _____________________________________________________________ Technical Data Dimensions Figure 52 below and Figure 53 on page 194 show the dimensions of the WMT700 wind sensor and the FIX70 mounting kit.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ 1103-055 Figure 53 FIX70 Mounting Kit Dimensions in Millimeters 194 __________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-E
Appendix A __________________________________________ Complete Command Set for WMT700 APPENDIX A COMPLETE COMMAND SET FOR WMT700 Table 63 below lists all the commands available for WMT700.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Configuration Mode/ Measurement Mode and Profile Measurement mode WS425 A/B NMEA Extended profile Measurement mode WMT700 NMEA MWV profile Measurement mode WS425 A/B ASCII profile Measurement mode WS425 A/B ASCII profile Measurement mode WS425 A/B WAT11 profile Measurement mode SDI-12 profile Measurement mode SDI-12 profile Measurement mode SDI-12 profile Measurement mode SDI-12 profile Measurement mode SDI-12 profile Measur
Appendix B ________________________________________________ Typical System Environments APPENDIX B TYPICAL SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTS This appendix lists the most typical WMT700 system environments. Figure 54 below shows a system in which the weather station is connected to COM2, while COM1 is left for service and maintenance purposes only. This is the recommended setup for WMT700 serial communications.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Figure 55 below shows a system in which the weather station is only connected to the analog output channel. Serial port COM1 is used for maintenance purposes.
Appendix B ________________________________________________ Typical System Environments Figure 56 below shows a system in which serial ports COM1 and COM2 operate independently. Serial port COM1 is used for maintaining WMT700 and monitoring the wind sensor in mission-critical applications while COM2 provides continuous measurement data.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Figure 57 below shows a system with a separate back-up battery for operating power. The heating power is supplied with a direct power supply unit that prevents the heating function from consuming the power supply for the operations. This setup is suitable for WMT700 product types that provide heating for the wind sensor.
Appendix C ______________________________ Default Settings for Different Communication Profiles APPENDIX C DEFAULT SETTINGS FOR DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION PROFILES This appendix lists the default settings for different digital communication profiles. All the allowed values for different communication profiles are listed in Table 64 on page 202.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Table 64 Setting Default Settings for Different Digital Communication Profiles Parameter WMT700 WS425 ASCII WS425 NMEA Ext WS425 SDI-12 WS425 F/G ASOS ROSA MES12 WMT700 WMT700 WMT700 WMT700 WMT700 WMT700 Baud rate com1_ protocol com1_baud 9600 9600 9600 9600 9600 9600 Data bits com1_data 8 8 8 8 8 8 Parity com1_parity 0 (None) 0 (None) 0 (None) 0 (None) 0 (None) 0 (None) Stop bits com
Appendix C ______________________________ Default Settings for Different Communication Profiles The parameters in Table 65 below do not have a protocol-specific default value. They are defined in the configuration code.
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Appendix D ___________________________________________________ Configuration Parameters APPENDIX D CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS This appendix lists the WMT700 configuration parameters. Table 66 Parameter Descriptions Parameter Name address Default Value A Allowed Values aout1err aout2err aout1_g aout2_g aout1_o aout2_o aout1maxv aout2maxv 1000 0 … 32000 1 0 ...
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Parameter Name com1_baud com2_baud Default Value 4 Allowed Values com1_data com2_data 8 com1_delay com2_delay com2_interf 20 0 … 10000 0 com1_parity com2_parity 0 com1_protocol 0 0 = RS-485 1 = RS-422 2 = SDI-12 3 = RS-232 0 = None 1 = Even 2 = Odd 0 … 11 com2_protocol 0 0 … 11 com1_stop com2_stop 1 1 = 1 bit 2 = 2 bits freqType 0 0 = Push-pull 1 = Active pull-down 2 = Active pull-up heaterOn 1 0 = H
Appendix D ___________________________________________________ Configuration Parameters Parameter Name msg1, msg2, msg3, msg4 Default Value Allowed Values Units String with a maximum of 80 characters. serial_n serial_pcb sleepTime 5 0 = Disabled s 1 … 32000 startDelay 5 0 … 30 s wndAvg 1 0.25 … 3600 s wndCoast 0 Resolution: 0.25 0 … 100 m/s 0 = Disabled wndCover 4 0 ... 20 seconds wndDirOffset wndGustTime 0 3 -180… 180 degrees Deg 0.25 … 10 s Resolution: 0.
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Appendix E ________________________________________________ WMT700 NMEA MWV Profile APPENDIX E WMT700 NMEA MWV PROFILE This appendix lists the configurable parameters, commands, and data messages of the WMT700 NMEA MWV profile. When the WMT700 NMEA MWV profile is selected, you can set WMT700 to send messages based on the configured automatic message interval or poll MWV message using the NMEA Query command.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ Configurable Parameters Table 67 below lists the configurable parameters and their allowed and default values for the WMT700 NMEA MWV profile.
Appendix E ________________________________________________ WMT700 NMEA MWV Profile WMT700 NMEA MWV Commands This command polls data from WMT700 when the WMT700 NMEA MWV protocol is selected.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ WMT700 NMEA MWV Data Message WMT700 NMEA MWV data message is as follows: $MWV,,[,,,* where $ MWV ][ = = = = = = = = * = = = = Message header Two character sensor ID; AA … ZZ Fixed text Wind angle: 0 to 359 degrees Reference: R = Relative Wind speed Wind speed unit: K = Kilometers per hour M = Meters per second N = Knots Status:]
Appendix F ______________________________________________________________ Accessories APPENDIX F ACCESSORIES This Appendix lists all the accessories available for WMT700.
User's Guide ______________________________________________________________________ 1304-061 Figure 58 Complete Set of Accessories 214 __________________________________________________________________ M211095EN-E
Appendix F ______________________________________________________________ Accessories The following numbers refer to Figure 58 on page 214: 1 2 3 4 5 = = = = = 6 = 7 = 8 = 9 10 11 12 = = = = 13 14 15 16 = = = = 17 18 19 20 = = = = Bird perch (WMT70BirdPerch) Bird cage (WMT70BirdKit) Zero wind verifier (WMT70Verifier) Vaisala WMT700 Adapter for WMT70FIX, WMT700FIX-POM, and WMT700FIX60-RST (228869) Adapter for WS425FIX30, WS425FIX60, and WAC425 (228777) Plastic mounting adapter for 60 mm tube (WS425
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Appendix G _______________________________________________________________ Certificates APPENDIX G CERTIFICATES This appendix contains copies of certificates issued for WMT700.
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