TL ULTRALIGHT Dobrovského 734 500 02 Hradec Králové tel/fax 049 5613378 tel +42049 5618910 tel +42049 5611753 e-mail: info@tl-ultralight.cz e-mail: sales@tl-ultralight.cz www.tl-ultralight.
1. General information 1.1. Important information 1.2. 1.2.1. 1.2.2. 1.2.3. 1.2.4. 1.2.5. 1.2.6. 1.3. 1.4. 1.4.1. 1.4.2. 2. 2.1.
.4. 3.4.1. 3.4.2. 3.5. 4. 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.5.1. 4.6. 4.7. 4.8. 4.8.1. 4.9. 4.10. 4.11. 4.12. 4.13. 5.
7.2. Workaday maintenance 7.2.1. Lubricant plan and lubricant preparation 7.2.2. Blocking, raising and jogging along preparation 7.2.3. Disassembly of front wheel 7.2.4. Wheel disassembly of main undercarriage 7.2.5. Mending the tyre 7.2.6. Electrical system voltage 7.2.7. Tolerance and setting up values 7.2.8. Supporting and subordinate construction 7.2.9. Special assembly, controlling and setting preparations 7.2.10. Special tools 7.2.11. Materials for small reparations 7.2.12.
Dear airplane holder, I would like to compliment you on the purchase of the ultra light airplane TL-96 Star which is the result of many years of development of our company. This company belongs, in its category, to European top. With its output, TL-96 Star is getting near the small sports airplanes category, but flying with TL-96 Star is much economical and its maintenance is also much easier. I believe that the airplane will work for you for very long time and it will satisfy you.
1.General information In case that this guidebook reveals to the rule UL1, UL 2 or UL 3, it is only a calling off corresponding rule of Letecké amatérské asociace české republiky – Czech republic amateur flight association. This association is encharged by Úřad pro civilní letectví-Office for civil aviation. 1.1.Important information Every airplane holder, operational organization and pilot of the airplane TL-93 Star must acquaint with this guidebook at its full lenght.
The cabin is arranged with seats next to each other, it is covered with large either clear or with darker toned cover, which provides an exceptional view. Locking of the cabin is lockable at three points. At head part impact ventilation is controlled from the place of pilot, it can also be equipped with side circled or scrollable windows. The pilotage of the airplane is duplicated, arranged classically. Flowing elevator is controlled by the rod, direction indicator by wires.
1.2.5.Meaning of movement of control component units Foot pilotage: Pushing on the left foot pedal, the airplane turns to the left if on land or in the air, pushing on the right pedal it turns to right on land or in the air. Manual control : Snapping the control bat to the pilot´s body, the proe and the airplane is rising, pushing away the control bar the airplane is sinking.
1.3.Layout of the airplane There are all the drawn dimensions in the layout. 1.4. recalls to this layout.
1.4.Detecting the center of gravity position, allowed and measured values Observance of the center of gravity is decisive for the stability and manageability of the airplane. That´s why it is necessary for every airplane holder to know how to diagnose the center gravity position of the airplane for factual occupancy. It is necessary to know the length of the middle aerodynamic subtence when making the calculation of the center of gravity.
1.4.3. Measured values of the center of gravity for the airplane TL-96 Star before test flying Seriál.number: Measured value Gp Go Gvzl Lb Lt La Xt X% Unit Front center of gravity kg kg kg mm mm mm mm % 295 73 365 1710 344 670 326 23 Back center of gravity 368 82 450 1710 315 670 355 25 Detected position of the point of balance is 23-25%SAT for the front center of gravity with the pilot weighting 70kg, for the back center of gravity with the crew weighting 149kg.
2.Operating restrictions 2.1. Restriction of the speed of the flight and reparation of position fault of air-speed recorder Presented speeds of the flight applies to the maximum take off weight of 450kg and at the conditions of the sea level by the MSA. The speed are presented in kilometers per hour.
Indicated Actual 60 70 80 90 100 58 67 76 85 94 Indicated Actual Indicated Actual 110 120 130 140 150 103 112 121 130 139 160 170 180 190 148 157 167 176 2.2. .Weights and loads 2.2.1. Maximum and minimum weights Maximum taking off weight Maximum landing weight Maximum weight of the fuel Maximum load of one seat Maximum weight of load behind the seats Maximum weight of the crew 450kg 450kg 49kg 90kg 8kg 70kg 2.2.2.
Engine restrictions for engines Rotax 912 and 914, for the 912S are the same values as for engine 912. Minimum temperature of air when taking off in Celsius maximum temperature of air when taking off Maximum engine revolutions 1/min Maximum steady revolutions 1/min Maximum time of running the engine at maximum revolutions No-load speed -25 +50 5.800 5.500 5 minutes 1.400 This data can slightly differ at factual conduct of the engine, for details look at the ´´ Instruction for using the engine.
2.4.1.Fuel supply Total volume of tanks Unexhaustible supply Minimum amount of fuel when taking off 67litres 3litres 8 litres Unexhaustible amount of fuel is such amount of fuel in the tank in which can occur first symptoms of the lack of the fuel at normal conditions. 2.4.2.
The restriction of the airplane UL in the view of allowed maneuvers is determinated by the requirements of the rule UL2 part 2. which allows for this category only non-acrobatic operating, there are also technical restrictions of the airplane on its own. Non-acrobatic operation due to Ul2, part 1., letter A, point 2 includes any turns needed for normal flying, practicing of drops and sharp turn to 60degrees.
Second condition is not to overpass the maximum total weight of the airplane 450kg. The observance of this condition is for the airplane to have the attributes and be so save as it has been approved. The weight of the airplane without the crew responds to the sum of its weight with no fuel and the weight of the fuel. There is a label in the cabin on left front side where maximum weight of the crew with various volume of the fuel in the trunk is presented.
The age of the pilot is not confined in any way and is derived of the requirements of the minimum age of the pilot or piloting learner by the rule UL3. The upper limit of the age is given by the health capability, so the holding of the valid piloting license. The age of the other person is not determined by any rule LAA, but in the way of minimum age we can generally consider that the second person of the crew should have the size to be able to use the seat belts.
Operating restrictions of the airplane in the way of meteorological conditions in cooler weather are determinated mostly by the possibility of ice formation. Keep away from flight in conditions which increase the probability of its formation. 2.9. Carriage of goods restriction Transport of load is restricted by the valid rules and also by the technical possibility. Valid flying rules prohibit the transport of some kinds of loads, for example weapons, explosives, volatile and caustic agents and etc.
3.Emergency process 3.1.Misfire of the engine The procedure while failure of the engine differs due to the time we have to solve the situation, so the height of the flight where the failure occurs. 3.1.1.
The airplane signalize the vibrations in pilotaging the airplane with approaching stalling speed, this is the consequence of beginning breaking of the line of flow. In this case perform the change of flying regime / recall the practice of inhibition of the fall /. Vibrations can exhibit by the glide performing and this is the consequence of unsymetric bypassing the aerodynamic clean airplane TL 96 Star. In this case slow down the speed of the glide.
When the airplane is dropping steadily, the airplane is in the position wheel down. It is necessary to count with a damage of the airplane when falling down to the ground. ATTENTION! The saving system is constructed for the maximum speed of flight 240km/h, so if such situation happens, which responds to using the saving system, arbitrate quickly. Practice the movement of your hand activating the saving system and make sure, there are no barriers in activating-seat belts or clothing.
4.Normal processes 4.1.Starting up the engine Tasks which need to have be done especially before first startup of the engine in the flight day, or in the case the engine had cooled down, are written in detail in the guidebook for the maintenance for the engine of your airplane, which was delivered to you with other documents. When starting up the engine, please keep to the device included in that handbook. Here are included some of the principles.
-do the test of ignition at the revolutions of 4000/min, the drop of the revolutions for each circuit can not be higher than 300 revolutions per minute, the difference of the revolutions can not reach more than 120revolutions per minute. If you find out that there is no drop of the revolutions, it can mean that interruption of the short circuit cable, which turns off the ignition circuit, has occurred. In this case try to turn off the engine.
4.4.Taxying Maximum speed of taxying is 4km/h. There is a very good view from the airplane while taxying but be careful for barriers in front of the airplane and also on side, especially when you were used to upper wing plane. Most assembled airscrews has a yellow paint coating on inside ends, which can be interrupting a bit because it makes an annular ring in field of view, but on the other side it supports the safety of taxying because it defines the working area of the airscrew.
4.7.Flight at the flight level At flight at the flight level it is necessary to count with big sensitivity of controlling agents and the reactions to the pilotage of the airplane change with the speed of the flight, the speed of TL 96 Star has a wide range. ATTENTION! Do not perform any sharp turns with speed lower than 130km/h, with speed over 180km/h do not proceed any commotion with the controlling agents and use the maximum of 1/3 of its full displacement.
Consecutive slight speed increase will enable to keep the direction of landing because the rudder is still adequately effective. If you will be coming to landing with too low speed / even though still with the backup against the stalling speed / you will find out, that the effectiveness of the rudder is descending and you will have more work with keeping the direction. 4.10.
If your airscrew is adjustable, set it on a smaller incidence angle and fly with higher revolutions of the engine, you will have the disposal of full output of the engine for case of deeper pancake landing in turbulence. Be ready to quickly add and detract the gas. The flight in turbulence is stressing for the pilot and also for the airplane. If it is possible, you can mount to higher flight level, where most turbulences often disappear. 4.13.
5.Output 5.1.Condiotions for output assessment Lower introduced values are valid only by the conditions of MSA at the sea level and for a steady flight and keeping the maximum taking off weight. 5.2.
When using other than introduced airscrew, especially 3blade is the real gliding range by no load engine slightly higher / principle of bigger tension/. and with turned off engine slightly lower / the principle of higher aerodynamic force / 5.6 Length of start Introduced length of start is prescribed for the maximum weight 450kg, by dead calm, dry, straight and shortly cut lawn, with the position of lifting flaps prescribed for the start.
Table of optimal speed at setting the blades from the smallest, which is 12 degrees, to the biggest, which is 22 degrees. Engine with the reductor at 1:1.27./Rotax 912,914/ is assumed. It is obvious that due to the output of the engine it is not possible to accomplish for all setting sof all revolutions. The table introduces the speeds in km per hour in the slopes.
5.9. Flying range The flying range initiated in steady speed 170km/h, on the land by adjustable three blade airscrew FITI and again recounted to zero elevation above sea-level by MSA. It is 740km for the engine 912 and 912S. 6.
6.4.Assembly and disassembly of the plane Assembly and disassembly of the plane could be done only by trained persons. Assembly and disassembly is recommended to perform only in unavoidable situations, connecting elements are easily worn. 6.4.1.
-wash and rub off the blades of the aircrew from the sedentary dirt -wash, rub off and furbish the glass parts of the cabin, use only one bucksin leather which is often washed in clean water -wash and rub off the leading edges of the wings and tale areas -clean the bottom part of the body behind the front undercarriage leg -remove incidental grass which can be intercepted on the undercarriage -clean the interior of the cabin and take away the rubbish from the storage places -in need, clean other parts of th
Check possible fouling of the fuel filter, change it if necessary. If you recognize the fuel filter fouling in the engine space, perform extraordinary inspection or change the fuel filters of the subsidiary tanks in the interior of the cabin. Assembly the cover of the engine. Check the locking of the tap, the oil and cooling liquid level. Watch possible rubbed places on the pipe especially at hung up places, or at places where they are connected to metallic parts of the engine.
Screw connections, hinges, springs 6.7.
7.Service life of airplane and maintenance periodicity Regular and careful proceeding of the maintenance is the principle of reliable and safe operating of the airplane. The garantee inspection and the inspections after 100 and 300 hours should be written down to flight book. 7.1.Service life of the plane and its parts The service life as one part consist of the service life of decisive parts which are the airframe, engine and the airscrew.
7.2.1.Lubricant plan and lubricant preparation For lubricating the engine, use only the oil prescribed by the engine producer and introduced in the maintenance of the engine handbook. Type of initial oil filling is introduced on the hand down print out and is also written on the label of the control tap of the upper part of the engine cover. Frequency of changing the oil in the engine is every 100 hours. For other lubricating places, it is possible to use any plastic lubricants or any transmission oil.
7.2.3.Disassembly of the front wheel The disassembly demands the cooperation of two persons. Prepare the bracket under the support points by the point 7.7., ensuring wedge and selfprotecting nut M14.
7.2.6.Electrical system voltage Basic electrical installation on the plane is with the voltage of 12V and two wire conductors. The electrical installation is equipped with no individual fuse. The switches used in the el. system / main switch, all appliances, ignition circuits / function as fuses. Some of the electrical appliances / for example the transmitter is ensured by its own appliance fuse /.
ATTENTION! Perform the filter change on a cool engine only The progress while changing the fuel filter: -close the fuel delivery -take out the upper cover of the engine -release the buckles on the petrol pipes on both sides of the filter, leave the buckles on the pipes -take out the filter while turning the pipes smoothly, take care about the leaking fuel from the pipes / you can close the pipe temporarily by compressing the screw shank M6 / -slip on the pipes on the filter and compress their ends to the bo
7.3.Contract revision Introductory revision is made after first 25 flight hours by the producer in his service center. Performing this revision by the producer is another condition for another guarantee of the airplane. The range of this revision is prescribed by the internal rule of the producer. Also the change of the filter and oil is made on the engine. 7.4.
-revision after 100hours -taking off the airscrew and the engine -revision of the construction -revision of the interior of the body and the cabin -the outer revision of the whole airframe -pilotage revision -replacement of intended parts -flight test by the probationary pilot ATTENTION! This revision is made only by the service center of the producer. 7.8.
-the label indicating used engine oil is on the control tap of the upper cover of the engine 8.Airplane repairs 8.1.Repairs of connection screw In case of corrosion, flection, cracking of the screw, it is necessary to exchange it. When the slip thread occurs, it is necessary to exchange the screw and the nut. Replacing the screw is allowed only with the screw same quality and norm. Self-ensuring nuts with plastic circle are only for one use.
8.6.Engine repairs All reparation of the engine and its aggregates can be performed only the service center of the producer. These types of faults can be signalized by unnatural noise from the engine bed, increased vibrations, revolution fluctuation , engine misfire, lower output, bad smell /scald /, the engine values are out of operating regime, bad starting and etc. 8.7.
9.Engine Rotax 912/912S maintenance There are most information and derection needed for the operating of the engine Rotax 912/912S in the handbook for using the engine which was delivered to you with your airplane. Keep the engine in cleanness and watch out incidental leakage of oil which can signalize the necessity of expert maintenance of the engine. We introduce only the basic tasks for the maintenance. 9.1.
9.4.Service life of the plane, revisions and inspection of the engine Use the liquid with anti corrosive ingredients prescribed for the block of engines from aluminum base alloys. Do not use the refrigerating liquid in bigger concentration, it can be detrimental for individual parts of the refrigerating system. The refrigerating liquid density should be checked before the beginning of winter. Fill the refrigerating liquid to the tank.
ATTENTION! The engine producer prescribes after every exchange of the filter to cut the old filter, it should be taken out, unfolded and looked through, if it does not contain any metallic, steel, bronze or aluminium splints, scraps of tamping, and etc. Occurrence of these parts in the filter signalize usually increased wear out or damage of the engine. Some of the tasks performed at the revision after 100 or 200 hours can be done only by a authorized technician.
