Manual

iNtroduCtioN
 UEicombustionanalyzersproviderealtimedatathatprovidesinformationontheconditionofthecombus-
tionprocessofyourequipment.Thisinformationisneededforpropersetupandmaintenancetoverifyproperopera-
tion. Benefits of combustion analysis are to increase efficiency thus reducing fuel costs, verification of proper combus-
tion to reduce future problems, and to check for safe operation. A combustion process out of balance can increase
maintenance needs, create excess emissions, lead to safety concerns or waste fuel and money. By checking for proper
operation you are able to confirm a job well done.
 •Thisoverviewwillexplainsomeofthecommontermsusedincombustiontesting
  –Thecombustionprocess–(asmallamountofchemistry)
  –Idealcombustion–youmayhaveheardthetermStoichiometric(ornot)
  –RelationshipbetweenCO2,COandO2
 •Theanalyzeranddisplay
  –Varioustextandiconsusedonthefronthousing,inthedisplayandontheprintout
  –Whatwillthereadingsdowhenadjustmentsaremade
  –Whereareyouonthecombustioncurvesfromthesereadings
the CombuStioN ProCeSS
What is really going on during combustion? Most of us know it as a fire that is generating heat and possibly
smoke.Weknowthatpaperorwoodcanburnwhenlit,andcontinuetoburn–butwhatisreallyhappening?
Combustion is a continuous chemical reaction that occurs when a certain temperature is reached, and there is the
presence of both fuel and an oxidizer. The most common fuels are hydrogen and carbon, and the typical oxidizer is
O2 present in the air we breathe. Once the reaction is started it will continue as long as it is being fed fuel and oxy-
gen, and the temperature is sufficient.
ideal CombuStioN ProCeSS
If a perfect condition
could exist for combustion it would
be the burning of pure hydrogen
(H2)inpureoxygen(O2).This
would give us heat and water, and
be the easiest to maintain. Two
hydrogen(H2),combinewithone
O2 molecule gives us two water
molecules plus heat. The reaction
would be something like figure 1.
It is great in theory that we would
have a very efficient system with
only some heat losses from the
watervapor,butitisn’tveryprac-
tical.Purehydrogenandoxygen
are expensive to create, and diffi-
cult to handle compared to other
fuels already available.
COMBUSTION BASICS
figure 1
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