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SN450.book Page 2 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Corporate Office Trimble Navigation Limited Engineering and Construction 5475 Kellenburger Road Dayton, Ohio 45424-1099 U.S.A. Phone: +1-937-233-8921 Toll free:+1-800-538-7800 Fax: +1-937-233-9441 www.trimble.com Copyright and Trademarks © 2001, Trimble Navigation Limited. All rights reserved.
SN450.book Page 3 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Warranty Exclusions and Disclaimer These warranties shall be applied only in the event and to the extent that: (i) the Products and Software are properly and correctly installed, configured, interfaced, maintained, stored, and operated in accordance with Trimble’s relevant operator's manual and specifications, and; (ii) the Products and Software are not modified or misused.
SN450.book Page 4 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Notices Class B Statement – Notice to Users. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
SN450.book Page v Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Contents About this Manual 1 Getting Started Introduction . . . . . . . Hardware Specification . SiteNet 450 Description. Features. . . . . . Options . . . . . . Frequency Band . 2 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SN450.book Page vi Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Contents Cabling Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power and I/O Cable for Machine Installations . Infrastructure/Base Station Power and I/O Cable Machine Service Cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antenna Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antenna Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 26 27 31 32 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SN450.book Page vii Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM About this Manual Welcome to the SiteNet 450 Operation Manual. This manual describes how to install, set up, and use the SiteNet™ 450 radio-modem. Even if you have used other radio-modems before, Trimble recommends that you spend some time reading this manual to learn about the special features of this product. If you are not familiar with GPS, visit Trimble’s website (www.trimble.com) for an interactive look at Trimble and GPS.
SN450.book Page viii Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM About this Manual Related Information Other sources of related information are: • Release notes – the release notes describe new features of the product, information not included in the manuals, and any changes to the manuals. • Update notes – there is a warranty activation sheet with this product. Send it in to automatically receive update notes containing important information about software and hardware changes.
SN450.book Page ix Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM About this Manual Your Comments Your feedback about the supporting documentation helps us to improve it with each revision. To forward your comments, do one of the following: • Send an e-mail to ReaderFeedback@trimble.com. • Complete the Reader Comment Form at the back of this manual and mail it according to the instructions at the bottom of the form.
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SN450.book Page 2 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 1 1.1 Getting Started Introduction The SiteNet 450 radio-modem broadcasts raw GPS data in Compact Measurement Record (CMR) format from a reference receiver to one or more roving receivers for precise machine positioning. The SiteNet 450 is compatible with Trimble’s TRIMTALK™ 450 and TRIMMARK™ radios for broadcasting and receiving Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM) or CMR data.
SN450.book Page 3 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Getting Started 1.3 1 SiteNet 450 Description The SiteNet 450 is a multi-channel, ultra high frequency (UHF) radio unit and data modem packaged in a rugged, waterproof, metal case and is designed to withstand severe environmental stress. 1.3.1 1.3.
SN450.book Page 4 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 1 1.3.3 Getting Started Frequency Band Broadcast frequency, transmit power, channel spacing and antenna gain are regulated by countries-of-use. These are unique on a per-country basis. The broadcast frequencies, channel spacing, and country-of-use for the radio-modem must be specified at time of order. For more information, contact your local Trimble representative. Note – Specifications and descriptions are subject to change without notice.
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SN450.book Page 6 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 2 2.1 Configuring the SiteNet 450 Introduction The SiteNet 450 radio-modem contains both a data modem and a radio. It can be used in a variety of configurations to form a complete wireless data network. One configuration is as a base radio broadcasting directly to a Trimble 4700™, 4800™, or 5700™ rover GPS receiver that contains an internal radio-modem.
SN450.book Page 7 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Configuring the SiteNet 450 2.3.1 2 Connecting to the SiteNet 450 1. Connect a SiteNet 450 service cable to the SiteNet 450. 2. Connect the I/O DB-9 connector of the service cable to a serial port on your PC. Note – Figure 3.7 on page 28 shows an infrastructure cable (PN 38968-25) connected to the SiteNet 450. Figure 3.10 on page 31 shows the service cable (PN 40942-xx) connected to the SiteNet 450 and a PC. 3. 2.3.
SN450.book Page 8 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 2 Configuring the SiteNet 450 Note – WinFLASH is used to configure many different Trimble products. If you have other Trimble products you may have to make a selection in this window. Select the SiteNet 450 Transceiver (v1.04) option. 3. 8 Select the appropriate PC serial port (COM port) and click Next. The Operation Selection window appears.
SN450.book Page 9 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Configuring the SiteNet 450 4. Select Configure SiteNet 450 and click Next. The WinFLASH-Settings Review window appears: 5. Click Finish. 2 A connection status window appears, counts to 100%, and then displays the SiteNet 450 configuration menu.
SN450.book Page 10 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 2 Configuring the SiteNet 450 When a successful connection is established, the SiteNet 450 Configuration window replaces the WinFLASH window: 2.3.3 Configuring the SiteNet 450 To configure the SiteNet 450: 1. Select the appropriate operating Mode depending on intended use, for example Rover. 2. Select the Channel Sharing configuration (base modes only, not selectable for a repeater or rover).
SN450.book Page 11 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Configuring the SiteNet 450 2 Note – Channel Sharing set to Off may be illegal in your country-of-use. You may be subject to penalties or fines based upon the specific licensing requirements for your country-of-use. Please consult your radio license documentation or licensing agency for operational guidelines. – Avoid Weak Signals: The carrier detect mode is ON. The radio ceases to transmit if it detects another radio transmission on its frequency.
SN450.book Page 12 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 2 Configuring the SiteNet 450 B 12 7. To update the configuration, click Set. The Connecting to SiteNet 450 dialog appears: 8. You can return to the main menu, or exit WinFLASH. Tip – Setting the wireless mode to the highest possible setting reduces battery consumption on your base or repeater. For example, 9600 bps consumes half the power of 4800 bps for the same data format and time of operation.
SN450.book Page 13 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Configuring the SiteNet 450 9. B 2.3.4 2 Click Radio Info to view a text listing of all radio information, including its current configuration: Tip – You can print or save to file the radio configuration information for future reference or e-mail to your support provider to help with troubleshooting radio problems. Frequency List Updates The SiteNet 450 can be programmed with a list of up to 20 frequencies, stored in nonvolatile memory.
SN450.book Page 14 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 2 Configuring the SiteNet 450 When you need to change the frequency list (add, delete, or replace frequencies), contact your Trimble dealer and provide the radio-modem’s serial number and an updated list of the frequencies you require. Once you are provided with the frequency file, you may upgrade the radio using the WinFLASH utility. 2.3.5 Software Updates SiteNet 450 software upgrades are available at the Trimble World Wide Web (www.trimble.com).
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SN450.book Page 16 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 3 3.1 Installing the SiteNet 450 Network Introduction Before setting up the equipment in the field, verify that each radio-modem is set to the same channel and wireless data rate. Also verify that the radio-modem’s Data Port settings are 38400 and parity none. Set the serial port settings for both base and rover GPS receivers to 38400 bps, 8 bits, parity none, and 1 stop bit.
SN450.book Page 17 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Installing the SiteNet 450 Network 3 with the base and each other. The operation of the repeaters is transparent to the rovers. The rover will use the data packets from the base or repeater, whichever it receives first. The option to include a repeater in a network depends on the selected wireless data rate and the broadcast information content. Table 3.
SN450.book Page 18 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 3 3.2.1 Installing the SiteNet 450 Network Connectors and Indicators The SiteNet 450 bottom cap is fitted with an 8-pin male Bendix connector and an LED indicator light. See Figure 3.1. Data/Power indicator LED Figure 3.
SN450.book Page 19 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Installing the SiteNet 450 Network 3 The LED can be orange and/or green depending on the situation, as shown in Table 3.2. Table 3.2 Operational status LED Color Status Orange (solid) Power is available. Orange and green (both solid) Transmitting, receiving, or repeating.
SN450.book Page 20 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 3 Installing the SiteNet 450 Network Contact tip Antenna mount Figure 3.
SN450.book Page 21 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Installing the SiteNet 450 Network 3.3 3 Mounting the SiteNet 450 on a Machine When mounting the SiteNet 450 on a machine consider the following: – Reduce damage by minimizing shock and vibration to the SiteNet 450: Mount the radio-modem on a solid part of the cab. – Locate the best antenna position: Mount the entire antenna above the roofline so that it has an uninterrupted view. This improves the performance of the SiteNet 450.
SN450.book Page 22 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 3 Installing the SiteNet 450 Network Figure 3.3 shows the SiteNet 450 mounting kit and how the parts fit together. Radio mounting bracket (upper) PN 41530 Adapter plate PN 71105-00 Figure 3.3 Radio mounting bracket (lower) PN 41529 SiteNet 450 mounting kit Mounting the SiteNet 450 To mount the SiteNet 450 onto a machine: 1. Bolt the SiteNet 450 into the radio mounting bracket (upper and lower brackets).
SN450.book Page 23 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Installing the SiteNet 450 Network 2. 3. B 3 Securely mount the adapter plate to the machine. Do one of the following: – Use existing weld bosses (see Figure 3.4) – Weld some weld bosses to the cab – Clamp the plate to the top of a handrail at the top of the cab using the U-bolts Bolt the radio mounting bracket to the adapter plate using the rubber shock mount kit. The bolts are included with the adapter plate.
SN450.book Page 24 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 3 Installing the SiteNet 450 Network Figure 3.
SN450.book Page 25 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Installing the SiteNet 450 Network 3.4 3 Cabling Configurations The SiteNet 450 is typically configured as a rover, but the cables and adapters necessary for other configurations are also available. Table 3.3 summarizes the cabling items available or provided with the SiteNet 450 unit or available accessories. Table 3.
SN450.book Page 26 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 3 3.4.1 Installing the SiteNet 450 Network Power and I/O Cable for Machine Installations The cable shown in Figure 3.5 connects the SiteNet 450 to either the MS850™ or the MS860™ GPS receiver on the machine. The GPS receiver outputs power to the SiteNet 450 through this cable. The straight connector attaches to the bottom cap of the SiteNet 450, and the angled connector attaches to the 8-pin Bendix connector of the GPS receiver. Figure 3.
SN450.book Page 27 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Installing the SiteNet 450 Network 3.4.2 3 Infrastructure/Base Station Power and I/O Cable The cable shown in Figure 3.6 is used for base station and repeater installations of SiteNet 450s. Cables come in the lengths shown in Table 3.4. Table 3.4 Available cable lengths Part number Cable length 38968-25 7.
SN450.book Page 28 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 3 Installing the SiteNet 450 Network The 7.5 m (25 ft) infrastructure cable (PN 38968-25) connects directly to the SiteNet 450. The 12-pin Conxall connector connects directly to the MS750™ GPS receiver with a split to power via a TA-3 connector. This cable also splits to a DBF-9, which can be used to configure the SiteNet 450.
SN450.book Page 29 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Installing the SiteNet 450 Network 3 The 30 m (99 ft) infrastructure cable (PN 40942-99) connects directly to the SiteNet 450 and splits out to power via a TA-3 connector and communications via dual female DB-9 connectors. The DB-9 connectors can connect to a GPS receiver and to a PC at the same time. This is particularly useful for troubleshooting. This cable requires its own power for the radio. It has no Conxall connector for the MS750 GPS receiver.
SN450.book Page 30 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 3 Installing the SiteNet 450 Network When you install cable 40942-xx with a MS750 base station, the complete cabling configuration looks similar to that shown in Figure 3.9. DB-9 MS750 SiteNet 450 17515-xx N-type 30945 8-pin Bendix Port A Port B GPS antenna 37382 DB-9 GPS 40942-xx Data B2 TA-3 TA-3 TA-3 Data A1/B1 DB-9 I/O DC power option 44087-00 38483 AC power adapter with TA-3 connector Figure 3.
SN450.book Page 31 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Installing the SiteNet 450 Network 3.4.3 3 Machine Service Cable Figure 3.10 shows cable 40942-xx when used to configure SiteNet 450 radios with a laptop. SiteNet 450 DB-9 GPS 8-pin Bendix DB-9 I/O Cable 40942-40 (= 12 m or 40 ft) 40942-99 (= 30 m or 99 ft) 1 shell 5-pin Lemo Figure 3.
SN450.book Page 32 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 3 Installing the SiteNet 450 Network 3.5 Antenna Description The standard SiteNet 450 antenna is a 0 dB, low-profile antenna. An optional infrastructure installation kit comes with an antenna base and 5 dB whip antenna tip. The 5 dB antenna measures 81 cm (32 in) in length, including the base. See Figure 3.11. 0 dB low-profile antenna SiteNet 450 Antenna base Figure 3.
SN450.book Page 33 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Installing the SiteNet 450 Network 3.5.1 3 Antenna Considerations Note – Please use care when removing the radio antenna. The SiteNet 450 antenna contact tip is designed for maximum efficiency and very low loss. To maintain its integrity, do not remove the top cap from the radio housing. Make sure that you mount the base and repeater radios as high as possible.
SN450.book Page 34 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 3 Installing the SiteNet 450 Network Make sure that you fit the O-rings that are provided O-ring Flexible antenna base 5 dB tip O-ring Top cap Figure 3.12 Infrastructure antenna mounting Antenna Length The UHF whip antenna shipped with your system is factory tuned to operate in the band you specified with your order (for example, 450–470 MHz). To ensure that your antenna is the correct length for your frequency band, refer to Figure 3.13.
SN450.book Page 35 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Installing the SiteNet 450 Network Figure 3.
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SN450.book Page 38 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM 4 4.1 Regulations and Safety Introduction Regulations regarding the use of the radio-modems vary greatly from country to country. In some countries, the unit can be used without obtaining an end-user license. Other countries require end-user licensing. Consult your local communications governing agency for licensing information.
SN450.book Page 39 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Regulations and Safety 4.3 4 Licensing Many countries require that the operator of a radio or radio-modem obtain a license prior to operating it. Consult your local communications governing agency for licensing information. Obtaining an operator’s permit or license for the SiteNet 450 for the location or country of use is the responsibility of the end user.
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SN450.book Page 42 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM A A.1 Technical Specifications Technical Information The table shows the technical information for the SiteNet 450 radio-modem. This information is subject to change without notice. Table A.1 Technical information Specification Physical: Size Weight Environmental: Operating temperature Storage temperature Humidity Vibration Shock: Operational Survival 85 mm (3.4") W x 270 mm (10.5") H plus antenna height 0.9 kg (2.
SN450.book Page 43 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Technical Specifications Table A.1 A Technical information (continued) Specification Connector: Type Provides Indicators 8-pin male Bendix Power, 2 serial ports, CAN interface Power and data LED Radio-modem performance Range: Optimal Typical Radio link: Frequency range Channel spacing Transmit power Channels Wireless data rates Modes 10 km (6 miles), line-of-sight 3–5 km (2–3 miles) Varies with terrain and operating conditions.
SN450.book Page 44 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM A Technical Specifications A.2 Pinout Information Figure A.1 shows the pinout information for the 8-pin male Bendix connector on the base of the SiteNet 450 radio-modem. A G F B H C D E Pin Function Pin Function A B C D Power to radio GND RS-232 TXD2 RS-232 RXD2 E F G H CAN Hi RS-232 TXD3 RS-232 RXD3 CAN Lo Figure A.
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SN450.book Page 46 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM B B.1 Using Radios with GPS Introduction Note – For more information, refer to the Trimble publication “Using Radio Communication Systems with GPS Surveying Receivers” (PN 1-612-0082-2/94). “GPS receiver, antenna, tripod, tribrach, tape, cones, flagging, radio...”, such is the checklist of most GPS surveyors preparing for a day of observations.
SN450.book Page 47 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Using Radios with GPS B.2 B Selecting Communications Radios If you do not already have communications radios, and are thinking of buying them to supplement your survey activities, there are a number of factors to keep in mind before purchasing: • Some frequencies can cause interruptions of GPS tracking. • Some communications equipment creates spurious signals not related to their frequency that can interfere with satellite tracking.
SN450.book Page 48 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM B Using Radios with GPS Table B.1 shows frequency bands that you should avoid when using GPS surveying receivers. Table B.1 48 RF bands to avoid From this frequency To this frequency 781.210 794.210 607.300 620.300 520.806 529.473 404.866 413.533 390.605 397.105 312.484 317.684 303.650 310.150 260.403 264.736 242.920 248.120 223.202 226.917 202.433 206.766 195.302 198.552 173.602 177.228 156.242 158.842 151.825 155.
SN450.book Page 49 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Using Radios with GPS B Some communication transmitters and receivers also emit spurious signals. These are extremely difficult to predict. The only way to know if your receiver is being effected by spuriously emitted signals is to test the communication equipment with the GPS receiver. If you plan to buy a new radio, test it with your existing GPS equipment to determine if any problems exist.
SN450.book Page 50 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM B B.4 Using Radios with GPS Summary Using communications radios with GPS receivers requires some special considerations. By striving to extract the utmost accuracy from the GPS system, receiver designs have made greater use of the radio spectrum. However, the methods used to increase performance and accuracy also make GPS receivers more susceptible to receiving other radio signals. Radio signals in the GPS band arise from a few different sources.
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SN450.book Page 52 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Index H P hardware, performance 2 humidity, specification 42 indicator, LED 19 installing.
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SN450.book Page 55 Friday, October 5, 2001 5:01 PM Reader Comment Form SiteNet 450 Operation Manual PN 45423-00-ENG October 2001 Revision A We appreciate your comments and suggestions for improving this publication.
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