Applications Guide Engineered Smoke Control System ™ for TRACER SUMMIT BAS-APG001-EN
Applications Guide Engineered Smoke Control System ™ for TRACER SUMMIT BAS-APG001-EN September 2006
Applications Guide, Engineered Smoke Control System for Tracer Summit™ This guide and the information in it are the property of American Standard and may not be used or reproduced in whole or in part, without the written permission of American Standard. Trane, a business of American Standard, Inc., has a policy of continuous product and product data improvement and reserves the right to change design and specification without notice.
NOTICE: Warnings and Cautions appear at appropriate sections throughout this manual. Read these carefully: WARNING Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. CAUTION Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury. It may also be used to alert against unsafe practices. CAUTION Indicates a situation that may result in equipment damage or property damage.
Contents Contents Chapter 1 Smoke control overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Methods of smoke control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Compartmentation method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Dilution method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Pressurization method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Airflow method. . . . .
Contents Smoke control system equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Equipment supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 System testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Automatic weekly self-testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Manual periodic testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Alarm response. .
Contents Circuit requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Wiring high-voltage power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 EMI/RFI considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Checking the earth ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Wiring inputs and outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Binary outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Analog outputs (UUKL nondedicated only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Analog output and universal input setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Interpreting EX2 LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Binary output LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Status LED . . . . . .
Contents Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Binding types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Basic binding shapes and the hub/target system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Designing bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Appendix A References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents vi BAS-APG001-EN
Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Smoke is one of the major problems created by a fire. Smoke threatens life and property, both in the immediate location of the fire and in locations remote from the fire.
Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Methods of smoke control Smoke control system designers use five methods to manage smoke. They use the methods individually or in combination. The specific methods used determine the standards of design analysis, performance criteria, acceptance tests, and routine tests. The methods of smoke control consist of: compartmentation, dilution, pressurization, air flow, and buoyancy.
Methods of smoke control Figure 1: Sample pressure difference across a barrier Table 1 provides the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) recommended minimum pressure difference between the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side. Table 1: Recommended minimum pressure difference Building type Ceiling height (ft [m]) Minimum pressure difference (In.w.c. [Pa]) Sprinklered Any 0.05 (12.4) Non-sprinklered 9 (2.7) 0.10 (24.9) Non-sprinklered 15 (4.6) 0.14 (34.8) Non-sprinklered 21 (6.
Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Table 2: Maximum allowable pressure differences across doors Door width (in. [m]) 32 (0.813) 36 (0.914) Door closer force (lb. [N]) 40 (1.02) 44 (1.12) 46 (1.17) Pressure difference (In.w.c. [Pa]) 6 (26.7) 0.45 (112.0) 0.40 (99.5) 0.37 (92.1) 0.34 (84.6) 0.31 (77.1) 8 (35.6) 0.41 (102.0) 0.37 (92.1) 0.34 (84.5) 0.31 (77.1) 0.28 (69.7) 10 (44.5) 0.37 (92.1) 0.34 (84.5) 0.30 (74.6) 0.28 (69.7) 0.26 (64.7) 12 (53.4) 0.34 (84.5) 0.30 (74.6) 0.
Applications of smoke control methods A disadvantage of the airflow method is that it supplies increased oxygen to a fire. Within buildings, the airflow method must be used with great caution. The airflow required to control a wastebasket fire has sufficient oxygen to support a fire 70 times larger than the wastebasket fire. The airflow method is best applied after fire suppression or in buildings with restricted fuel. For more information on airflow, oxygen, and combustion, refer to Huggett, C.
Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Zoned smoke control cannot limit the spread of smoke within the smoke control zone. Consequently, occupants of the smoke control zone must evacuate as soon as possible after fire detection. Figure 3: Sample arrangements of smoke control zones + : Represents high-pressure zone – : Represents low-pressure zone When an HVAC system serves multiple floors (Figure 4 on page 7) and each floor is a separate zone, the following sequence provides smoke control: 1.
Applications of smoke control methods Figure 4: Sample HVAC operation during smoke control Note: For simplicity, Figure 4 does not show the ducts on each floor or the penthouse equipment. When an HVAC system serves only one smoke control zone, the following sequence provides smoke control: 1. In the smoke control zone, the return/exhaust fan activates, the supply fan deactivates. 2. The return air damper closes, and the exhaust damper opens (optionally, the outside air damper closes). 3.
Chapter 1 Smoke control overview If the technique employs modulated supply airflow, a fan provides at least minimum pressure when all stairwell access doors are open. Either a single-speed fan with modulating bypass dampers or a variable frequency drive varies the flow of air into the stairwell to compensate for pressure changes. If the technique employs over-pressure relief, a damper or fan relieves air to the outside to maintain constant pressure in the stairwell.
Applications of smoke control methods Single and multiple injection pressurization techniques The single injection and multiple injection techniques provide pressurization air to a stairwell (Figure 6). Both techniques use one or more pressurization fans located at ground level, roof level, or any location in between. The single injection technique supplies pressurization air to the stairwell from one location.
Chapter 1 Smoke control overview more information about elevator shaft smoke control, refer to Klote, J.K., and Milke, J.A. (Design of Smoke Management Systems, 1992). Atrium smoke control Atrium smoke control uses buoyancy to manage smoke in large-volume spaces with high ceilings. The buoyancy of hot smoke causes a plume of smoke to rise and form a smoke layer under the atrium ceiling.
Applications of smoke control methods Natural smoke venting technique The natural smoke venting technique employs vents in the atrium ceiling or high on the atrium walls to let smoke flow out without the aid of fans (Figure 8). The applicability of natural venting depends primarily on the size of the atrium, the outside temperature, and the wind conditions. When smoke is detected, all vents open simultaneously.
Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Underground building smoke control The smoke control objective for underground buildings is to contain and remove smoke from the alarm zone. The smoke control system fully exhausts the alarm zone and provides makeup air to replace the exhausted air. Setup and zoning of the smoke detectors is part of the fire alarm system engineering effort. The fire alarm system signals the smoke control system to start automatic smoke control operations.
Smoke detection and system activation Zoned smoke control detection and activation Zoned smoke control activation occurs on a signal from either a sprinkler water flow switch or a heat detector. For maximum benefit, the zoned smoke control system should only respond to the first alarm.
Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Note: Atrium smoke control should not activate on signals from sprinkler water flow switches or heat detectors. Since the temperature of a smoke plume decreases with height, activation by these devices may not provide reliable results. Beam smoke detectors minimize interference problems created by stratified hot air under atrium ceilings. On hot days or days with a high solar load on the atrium roof, a hot layer of air may form under the ceiling.
Design approaches to smoke control Design approaches to smoke control Smoke control methods provide a mechanical means of directing smoke movement in an enclosed space. The application of one or more methods to a building provides a building smoke control system. Design approaches to smoke control include the no smoke, tenability, and dedicated system approaches. No-smoke approach The no-smoke approach provides a smoke control system that prevents smoke from coming into contact with people or property.
Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Design considerations for smoke control Two occurrences will hinder smoke control: • • Plugholing Smoke feedback Smoke control systems should be designed to address the problems that are caused by plugholing and smoke feedback. Plugholing Plugholing occurs when an exhaust fan pulls fresh air into the smoke exhaust (Figure 10). Plugholing decreases the smoke exhaust and increases the smoke layer depth. It has the potential of exposing occupants to smoke.
Design considerations for smoke control Smoke feedback Smoke feedback occurs when smoke enters a pressurization fan intake and flows into protected spaces. Design techniques reduce the probability of smoke feedback: • • Supply air intakes located below openings from which smoke might flow, such as building exhausts, smoke shaft outlets and elevator vents. Automatic shutdown capability to stop the system in the event of smoke feedback.
Chapter 1 Smoke control overview 18 BAS-APG001-EN
Chapter 2 Pre-installation considerations This chapter provides considerations that must be given prior to installing an engineered smoke control system. The pre-installation considerations are: • • • • • • • Zone operating modes Associated equipment Equipment supervision System testing Alarm response Automatic smoke control matrix Response times Note: In this chapter, the application of the smoke control system as a zoned system is for general practice and conforms to national codes and publications.
Chapter 2 Pre-installation considerations Normal mode A zone is in normal mode when no fire, smoke, or sprinkler alarms are present in the building. In some zoning systems, a zone may be in normal mode if an alarm condition is present in the building but the zone is not affected. In normal mode, the smoke control system is inactive. Alarm mode A zone is in alarm mode when it is the origin of the first fire, smoke, or sprinkler alarm.
Associated equipment beam, and duct smoke detectors; manual pull stations; and sprinkler flow devices. Note: Fire alarm system equipment is neither furnished nor installed by Trane. Area smoke detectors Area smoke detectors detect the presence of smoke at the ceiling. When activated, an area smoke detector signals the fire alarm system. The zoning of area smoke detectors must reflect the zoning of the building.
Chapter 2 Pre-installation considerations system, since a pull station is not necessarily activated in the zone that contains the smoke or fire. Sprinkler flow devices Fire alarm system equipment may include two types of sprinkler flow devices: sprinkler flow switches and tamper switches. Sprinkler flow switches, installed in fire sprinkler lines, notify the fire alarm control panel (FACP) of flow in the sprinkler lines. The FACP transmits an alarm to the smoke control system.
Associated equipment Lights The FSCS provides lights that show the mode of each zone and the status of each piece of smoke control mechanical equipment. The status lights must conform to a specific color code scheme (Table 3). Table 3. Pilot lamp color codes Color Description Green Fan On or damper Open Red Fan Off or damper Closed Yellow (or Amber) Verification of Operation Status light. Fan or damper not in commanded position.
Chapter 2 Pre-installation considerations The smoke control system controls fans and positions dedicated and nondedicated dampers, both in the smoke control zones and at the airhandling systems. It may also position dampers or air modulation devices such as variable-air-volume (VAV) boxes serving the smoke control zones. Equipment associated with the smoke control system includes: dampers, fans, verification of operation equipment, and the Tracer™ MP581 programmable controller.
Associated equipment Smoke dampers are ordered as a complete assembly. They are typically two-position dampers and have end switches that indicate the fully open and fully closed position. The switches are installed in the field. Dampers actuate with two types of control: pneumatic actuation and electrical actuation. Note: Switches that are part of the actuator do not provide an acceptable indication of actual damper travel.
Chapter 2 Pre-installation considerations and dampers: status switches, differential pressure switches, airflow paddle switches, current-sensing relays, limit switches, and end switches. Status switches at fans and dampers monitor the operation of the devices. Multiple binary inputs at the Tracer MP581s verify the On and Off status of fans and the Open and Closed status of dampers. If a status switch does not confirm the commanded (automatic or manual) operation, a Fail indicator activates at the FSCS.
System testing System testing System testing is a pre-installation consideration. To verify proper operation, the smoke control system must include provisions for: automatic weekly self-testing and manual periodic testing. Automatic weekly self-testing As UL requires, the smoke control system provides automated weekly self-tests for dedicated smoke control system components. The self-tests activate components and monitor operation.
Chapter 2 Pre-installation considerations Table 5.
Response times Response times Response times are a pre-installation consideration. For a discussion of response time requirements for smoke control systems, refer to NFPA 92A (NFPA 2000, Recommended Practice for Smoke Control Systems), section 3.4.3.3 and NFPA 92B (NFPA 2000, Guide for Smoke Management Systems in Malls, Atria, and Large Areas), section 4.4.4. The activation sequence should be accomplished so as to avoid damage to the equipment.
Chapter 2 Pre-installation considerations Note: Process verification, sometimes referred to as end-to-end testing, can be considered a means of monitoring data (NFPA 92A [2000] section 3.4.6). Communicated values are an example of process verification. A communication link can be monitored for quality, and the system can be notified if there is a communications failure. Distance limitations for unmonitored data paths are severely limited. Table 8.
Chapter 3 Installation diagrams Smoke control system overview An engineered smoke control system can be added on to a Tracer Summit™ building automation system. The system layout, wiring requirements, and capacities for smoke control applications differ from Tracer Summit systems that do not employ smoke control. A smoke control installation includes a Trane building control unit (BCU), the Tracer MP581 programmable controller, and wiring.
Chapter 3 Installation diagrams System riser diagrams System riser diagrams (Figure 11) show panel locations, power requirements, power sources, and interconnecting wiring requirements. They also show the wiring that must be in conduit. Figure 11.
System termination diagrams System termination diagrams System termination diagrams show wire terminations at panels and field devices. Guidelines for creating system termination diagrams include: • • • • Diagrams for Tracer MP581 panels may be formatted as lists. Diagrams for field devices show: normal state, expected operation, and voltage requirements. An example of a normal state notation is normally open. An example of an expected operation description is closed contact opens damper.
Chapter 3 Installation diagrams Tracer MP581 to FSCS wiring The FSCS panel is designed for a specific smoke control system (Figure 13). The FSCS panel comes from a listed vendor and is provided as part of the smoke control system. Before ordering the panel, UL must approve front panel drawings that show lights and switches. Figure 13.
System termination diagrams The wiring between a Tracer MP581 and the FSCS is non-supervised and power limited. Additional requirements are: • • • • Tracer MP581 and FSCS must be in the same room. Wiring between the Tracer MP581 and FSCS must be in conduit. Wiring distance cannot exceed 20 ft. Wire must be #18 AWG. The number of wires needed between the Tracer MP581(s) and the FSCS is determined by the total number of zones and manual override switches at the FSCS.
Chapter 3 Installation diagrams Figure 14.
System termination diagrams Tracer MP581 to FACP wiring The wiring between the Tracer MP581 and the FACP is non-supervised and power limited. In addition: • • • • Tracer MP581 and FACP must be in the same room. Wiring between the Tracer MP581 and FACP must be in conduit. Wiring distance cannot exceed 20 ft. Wire must be #18 AWG. The number of wires needed between the Tracer MP581(s) and the FACP is determined by the total number of zones in the fire alarm system.
Chapter 3 Installation diagrams Figure 15.
Chapter 4 Installing the Tracer Summit BMTX BCU Mounting the hardware Make sure that the selected location meets the operating environment requirements described in this section and clearance requirements described in this Figure 16 on page 40. The BCU must be installed indoors.
Chapter 4 Installing the Tracer Summit BMTX BCU Clearances Make sure that the mounting location has enough room to meet the minimum clearances shown in Figure 16. Figure 16. Minimum clearances for the BMTX BCU enclosure 12 in. (30 cm) 12 in. (30 cm) 24 in. (60 cm) to fully open door 12 in. (30 cm) 50 in. (130 cm) recommended 36 in.
Mounting the hardware Figure 17. BMTX BCU enclosure dimensions Top view Front view Left view Right view Bottom view Note: Six of the twelve knockouts are dualsized knockouts for 1-inch (25 mm) and 0.75-inch (19 mm) conduit.
Chapter 4 Installing the Tracer Summit BMTX BCU Mounting the back of the enclosure The back of the enclosure is shipped with the termination board installed inside it. IMPORTANT The termination board should be shipped with the grounding screw installed. Verify this by checking the location shown in Figure 18. The enclosure door is shipped separately. If the door has already been attached to the enclosure back, remove it. To mount the back of the enclosure: 1.
Wiring high-voltage ac power 2. Set the enclosure back aside and drill holes for the screws at the marked locations. Drill holes for #10 (5 mm) screws or #10 wall anchors. Use wall anchors if the mounting surface is dry wall or masonry. 3. Insert wall anchors if needed. 4. Secure the enclosure back to the mounting surface with the supplied #10 (5 mm) screws. Wiring high-voltage ac power Verifying model number for local power requirements Table 12 lists the available BMTX BCU model.
Chapter 4 Installing the Tracer Summit BMTX BCU CAUTION Use copper conductors only! Unit terminals are designed to accept copper conductors only. Other conductors may cause equipment damage. 1. Lock open the supply-power disconnect switch. 2. At the top-right corner of the enclosure, remove the knockout for ½ in (13 mm) conduit. 3. Open or remove the enclosure door if it has already installed. 4. Inside of the enclosure at the top-right corner, remove the high-voltage area cover plate. 5.
Wiring high-voltage ac power Figure 19.
Chapter 4 Installing the Tracer Summit BMTX BCU EMI/RFI considerations Take care to isolate HVAC controllers from electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI). Such interference can be caused by radio and TV towers, hospital diagnostic equipment, radar equipment, electric power transmission equipment, and so on. In addition, take care to prevent the BMTX BCU from radiating EMI and/or RFI. The BMTX BCU is equipped with EMI/RFI filters that trap RFI to ground.
EMI/RFI considerations Figure 20.
Chapter 4 Installing the Tracer Summit BMTX BCU Connecting the main circuit board The main circuit board is attached to a plastic frame. It is shipped separately. The board can be kept in the office and programmed while the back of the enclosure is mounted and the termination board, which is attached to the back of the enclosure, is wired. After programming has been completed, connect the circuit board to the termination board as shown in the following procedure. To connect the circuit board: 1.
Connecting the main circuit board Figure 22. Connecting the frames 3. Connect the 24 Vac power cable to the termination board. The sevensegment LED display should light up. 4. Connect the Ethernet cable to the Ethernet connector on the circuit board (this step applies to UUKL nondedicated systems only).
Chapter 4 Installing the Tracer Summit BMTX BCU Installing the door To install the enclosure door: 1. Unpack the door and check for missing or damaged parts. Check to make sure that the magnetic latches are installed. Check for any cracks in the plastic. 2. Hold the door at a 90° angle from the enclosure back as shown in Figure 23. 3. Align the hinge pegs on the door with the hinge holes on the enclosure. 4. Gently lower the door until it rests securely in the hinge holes. 5.
Transtector, Ethernet (UUKL nondedicated only), and LonTalk connections on the BMTX BCU Transtector, Ethernet (UUKL nondedicated only), and LonTalk connections on the BMTX BCU To comply with UUKL, a protection device must be wired to the BMTX BCU to reduce transients in the ac power. Figure 24 describes connecting an ac power transient protection device to a BMTX BCU. Figure 24.
Chapter 4 Installing the Tracer Summit BMTX BCU Figure 25 shows the Ethernet LAN connection (UUKL nondedicated only) and the LonTalk connection to the BMTX BCU. Figure 25. Ethernet (UUKL nondedicated only) and LonTalk connection locations on the BMTX BCU LonTalk connections { Ethernet connection Note: A fully configured BCU draws a maximum of 25 VA from the power transformer. No other devices may be powered from the transformer.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Installation guidelines Guidelines for installing a Tracer MP581 include: • • A Tracer MP581 that monitors the fire alarm control panel for consistency (FACP) must be installed in the same room as the FACP. It must be installed within 20 feet of the FACP. Cables between the FACP and the Tracer MP581 must be in conduit.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Specifications The Tracer MP581 conforms to the specifications shown in Table 13. Table 13.
Selecting a mounting location Selecting a mounting location Make sure that the location meets the operating environment requirements and clearance requirements described in the following sections. The Tracer MP581 controller must be installed indoors. Trane recommends locating the Tracer MP581 controller in the same room (within 20 ft) of the controlled equipment to reduce wiring costs. CAUTION Equipment damage! Install the Tracer MP581 in a location that is out of direct sunlight.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Clearances and dimensions Make sure that the mounting location has enough room to meet the minimum clearances shown in Figure 26. Figure 27 on page 57 shows the dimensions of the Tracer MP581 enclosure. Figure 26. Minimum clearances for enclosure 12 in. (30 cm) 24 in. (60 cm) to fully open door 12 in. (30 cm) 12 in. (30 cm) 50 in. (130 cm) recommended 36 in.
Selecting a mounting location Figure 27. Tracer MP581 enclosure dimensions Top view Left view Front view Right view Bottom view Note: Six of the twelve knockouts are dual-sized knockouts for 1-inch (25 mm) and 0.75-inch (19 mm) conduit.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Mounting the back of the enclosure The back of the enclosure is shipped with the termination board installed inside it. IMPORTANT The termination board should be shipped with the grounding screw installed. Verify this by checking the location shown in Figure 28. The enclosure door is shipped separately. If the door has already been attached to the enclosure back, remove it. To mount the enclosure: 1.
Wiring high-voltage ac power 2. Set the enclosure aside and drill holes for the screws at the marked locations. Drill holes for #10 (5 mm) screws or #10 wall anchors. Use wall anchors if the mounting surface is dry wall or masonry. 3. Insert wall anchors if needed. 4. Secure the enclosure to the mounting surface with the supplied #10 (5 mm) screws. Wiring high-voltage ac power Table 15 lists the available Tracer MP581 model.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Wiring high-voltage power WARNING Hazardous voltage! Before making electrical connections, lock open the supply-power disconnect switch. Failure to do so could result in death or serious injury. CAUTION Use copper conductors only! Unit terminals are designed to accept copper conductors only. Other conductors may cause equipment damage. To connect high-voltage power wires: 1. Lock open the supply-power disconnect switch. 2.
Wiring high-voltage ac power Figure 30. Terminal block for high-voltage power wires WARNING Hazardous voltage! The cover plate must be in place when the controller is operating. Failure to replace the cover plate could result in death or serious injury. 10. On a label, record the location of the circuit-breaker panel and the electrical circuit. Attach the label to the cover plate.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller EMI/RFI considerations Take care to isolate HVAC controllers from electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI). Such interference can be caused by radio and TV towers, hospital diagnostic equipment, radar equipment, electric power transmission equipment, and so on. In addition, take care to prevent the Tracer MP581 controller from radiating EMI and/or RFI.
EMI/RFI considerations Figure 31.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Wiring inputs and outputs The Tracer MP581 enclosure is designed to simplify the wiring and configuration of inputs and outputs by providing a large space for routing wires and by eliminating the need to manipulate jumpers. Table 16 lists Tracer MP581 inputs and outputs. Table 16. Inputs and outputs Type Number Description Universal inputs 12 Dry-contact binary, thermistor, 0–20 mA, 0–10 Vdc, linear resistance.
Wiring inputs and outputs Wire routing Figure 32 shows how to route input/output wires through the enclosure. It also shows the locations of wire-tie brackets. See Figure 27 on page 57 for knockout locations and dimensions. Metal conduit may be required by local codes when running input/output wires. Figure 32.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Screw terminal locations Figure 33 shows screw terminal locations on the termination board. The top row of screw terminals is for signal wires, and the bottom row of screw terminals is for common wires. To make sure that the wires lie flat, use the wire strip guide on the termination board to strip input/output wires to the correct length. Figure 33.
Wiring inputs and outputs Wiring universal inputs The Tracer MP581 controller has 12 universal inputs. Use the Rover service tool to configure inputs for analog or binary operation. The common terminals on the Tracer MP581 termination board are connected to the metal enclosure by means of a ground screw. Shield wires should be connected to a common terminal. Table 17 shows the load the Tracer MP581 places on sensors. Table 17.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Wiring analog outputs The Tracer MP581 controller has six analog outputs. These outputs can be either 0–10 Vdc outputs or 0–20 mA outputs. Analog outputs control actuators and secondary controllers. To wire an analog output: 1. For three-wire applications, use a 3-conductor cable with a shield. For two-wire applications, use a 2-conductor cable with a shield.
Wiring inputs and outputs Wiring binary outputs The Tracer MP581 controller has six binary outputs. These are powered outputs, not dry-contact outputs. IMPORTANT Use pilot relays for dry-contact outputs when the load is greater than 6 VA or has a current draw of greater than 0.25 A. Use powered outputs when the load is less than 6 VA or has a current draw of less than 0.25 A. Note: When controlling coil-based loads, such as pilot relays, do not forget to account for “inrush” current.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Figure 36. Wiring binary outputs Powered output Signal < 1000 ft (300 m) Common Pilot relay 24 Vac coil Tape back shield Signal Common < 1000 ft (300 m) NOTE: To reduce the potential for transients, locate output devices in the same room with the Tracer MP581. Checking binary inputs To check binary inputs for proper operation: 1. Make sure that the sensor is connected and closed. 2.
Checking outputs Checking outputs Follow the procedures in this section to test outputs for proper operation. IMPORTANT Perform the tests in this section before providing power to the termination board or installing the main circuit board. Failure to do so will result in incorrect multi-meter readings. To test outputs for proper operation, you need the following tools: • • Digital multi-meter Small flat-tip screwdriver Checking binary outputs To check binary outputs for proper operation: 1.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller 1. Make sure that the actuator is connected but powered off. 2. Set the multi-meter to measure Vac, then measure the voltage across the analog output at the signal and common screw terminals. The measured voltage should be less than 0.1 Vac. If the voltage is greater than this, the load may turn on and off unexpectedly. Check for the following problems: • • A shared power supply may be incorrectly connected.
Checking outputs 3. Set the multi-meter to measure Vdc, then measure the voltage across the analog output at the signal and common screw terminals. The measured voltage should be less than 0.1 Vdc. If the voltage is greater than this, a shared power supply may be incorrectly connected. Check along the wire to make sure that no additional connections have been made.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Wiring LonTalk to the Tracer MP581 IMPORTANT When installing the Tracer MP581 controller in areas of high electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI), follow the additional installation instructions in “EMI/RFI considerations” on page 62. Note: Although LonTalk links are not polarity sensitive, we recommend that you keep polarity consistent throughout the site. To wire the LonTalk link: 1.
Wiring LonTalk to the Tracer MP581 3. At the last controller on the LonTalk link: • • • Connect the white wire to the first LonTalk screw terminal. Connect the black wire to the second LonTalk screw terminal. Place a 105 Ω termination resistor across the LonTalk screw terminals. Figure 38.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Installing the circuit board The main circuit board is not installed in the Tracer MP581 enclosure when it ships. You can store the circuit board in the office while the enclosure is mounted and wired. After wiring has been completed, connect the circuit board to the termination board. To install the circuit board: 1. Open the enclosure door. 2.
Installing the circuit board 5. Align the snaps on the top frame with the mounting locks on the bottom frame, as shown in Figure 40, then push the two frames together. You will hear a click when the frames connect. Figure 40. Connecting the frames 6. Locate the 24 Vac power connector on the termination board (see Figure 41 on page 78). Remove the mating plug with screw terminals. 7. Attach the 24 Vac power-supply cable to the screw terminals on the mating plug. 8.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Figure 41.
Verifying operation and communication of the Tracer MP581 Verifying operation and communication of the Tracer MP581 This chapter describes the location and function of the Service Pin button and the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the Tracer MP581 controller. Service Pin button The Service Pin button is located on the main circuit board as shown in Figure 42.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Binary output LEDs The BO1–BO6 LEDs indicate the status of the six binary outputs. Table 18 describes binary output LED activity. Note: Each binary output LED reflects the status of the output relay on the circuit board. It may or may not reflect the status of the equipment the binary output is controlling. Field wiring determines whether the state of the binary output LED also applies to the status of the end device.
Verifying operation and communication of the Tracer MP581 Status LED The green Status LED indicates whether the controller has power applied to it. Table 20 describes Status LED activity. Table 20. Green Status LED LED activity Explanation LED is on continuously Power is on (normal operation). LED blinks (¼ second on, ¼ second off for 10 seconds) The auto-wink option is activated, and the controller is communicating.1 LED blinks rapidly Flash download is being received.
Chapter 5 Installing the Tracer MP581 programmable controller Installing the door To install the enclosure door: 1. Unpack the door and check for missing or damaged parts. Check to make sure that the magnetic latches and touch screen (if ordered) are installed. Check for any cracks in the plastic. 2. Hold the door at a 90° angle from the enclosure as shown in Figure 43 on page 82. Figure 43. Aligning the enclosure door 3. Align the hinge pegs on the door with the hinge holes on the enclosure. 4.
Installing the door 2. For doors with an operator display, disconnect the operator-display cable from operator display. 3. Lift the door to pull the hinges from the hinge holes.
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Chapter 6 Installing the EX2 expansion module The EX2 is a field-installed expansion module for the Tracer MP581 programmable controller. Up to four EX2s with metal enclosure, model number 4950 0523, can be connected to a Tracer MP581.
Chapter 6 Installing the EX2 expansion module Figure 44. Dimensions and clearances for metal-enclosure EX2 1 in. (25 mm) 1.875 in. (48 mm) 6.5 in. (165 mm) 0.28 in. (7 mm) 9 in. (229 mm) 9 in. (229 mm) 7 in. (178 mm) 2 in. (51 mm) 2 in. (51 mm) 24 in. (610 mm) 10.37 in. (263 mm) width with cover 1 in. (25 mm) 2.25 in. (58 mm) 1 in. (25 mm) 10.25 in.
Terminal strips Terminal strips The EX2 module is shipped with terminal strips already in place (Figure 45). If you need to replace the circuit board, you can transfer the terminal strips to the new board without rewiring. Figure 45. Terminal strip locations Universal inputs terminal strip Binary outputs terminal strip Analog outputs terminal strip Mounting the metal-enclosure module To mount the enclosure: 1. Unscrew the two screws on the front of the enclosure and remove the cover. 2.
Chapter 6 Installing the EX2 expansion module Figure 46. Mounting the metal-enclosure EX2 AC-power wiring Use 16 AWG copper wire for ac-power wiring. All wiring must comply with National Electrical Code and local codes. Use a UL-listed Class 2 power transformer supplying a nominal 24 Vac. The transformer must be sized to provide adequate power to the EX2 module (10 VA) and outputs (a maximum of 6 VA per binary output). Please read the warnings and cautions before proceeding.
AC-power wiring CAUTION Equipment damage! Complete input/output wiring before applying power to the EX2 module. Failure to do so may cause damage to the module or power transformer due to inadvertent connections to power circuits. CAUTION Equipment damage! To prevent module damage, do not share 24 Vac between modules. Wiring AC-power to the metal-enclosure module Please read the preceding warnings and cautions. To connect ac-power wiring to the enclosure: 1. Remove the cover of the enclosure. 2.
Chapter 6 Installing the EX2 expansion module Figure 47. Power and ground terminals Note: If a power transformer must be shared between EX-2 modules (an example would be at the FSCS), the +VA rating on output is 0.6 VA. This is enough to run any LED or sonalent provided on the FSCS. A maximum of 10 VA would be available to run other items. (All LEDs and sonic alerts are On during the LED test.
I/O bus wiring I/O bus wiring The EX2 communicates with the Tracer MP581 and up to three other EX2 modules on an IEEE-485 link. This link must be a daisy chain. Typically, the Tracer MP581 is at one end of the daisy chain, but any device can be at the ends of the link (Figure 48 and Figure 49 on page 92). Wiring for the I/O bus must meet the following requirements: • • • • All wiring must be in accordance with the National Electrical Code and local codes.
Chapter 6 Installing the EX2 expansion module Figure 49.
Setting the I/O bus addresses Setting the I/O bus addresses Each EX2 on the link with the Tracer MP581 must have a unique address. Configure the address using the DIP switches on the EX2 circuit board (Figure 50). Table 23 shows the DIP switch settings for expansion modules 1 through 4. Figure 50. DIP switch on board Table 23.
Chapter 6 Installing the EX2 expansion module The EX2 module has four binary outputs, four analog outputs, and six universal inputs. Universal inputs Each of the six universal inputs may be configured as binary. Binary outputs The four binary outputs are form A (SPST) relay outputs. These relays are not dry contacts; they switch 24 Vac. A pilot relay is required for any application using dry contacts. Relays connected to the binary outputs on the EX2 cannot exceed 6 VA or 0.25 A current draw at 24 Vac.
Analog output and universal input setup Figure 51.
Chapter 6 Installing the EX2 expansion module Interpreting EX2 LEDs The information in this section will help you interpret LED activity on the EX2 expansion module. Figure 52 shows the location of each LED. Figure 52. LED locations on the EX2 Binary output LEDs Status LED TX and RX communications LEDs Binary output LEDs The LEDs labeled LD2 through LD5 indicate the status of the four binary outputs. Table 24 describes binary output LED activity.
Interpreting EX2 LEDs Status LED The Status LED on the EX2 module operates differently from the status LED on LonTalk devices. Table 25 describes EX2 Status LED activity. Table 25. Status LED LED activity Explanation LED is on continuously Power is on and the unit is operating normally. LED blinks twice The EX2 has not received its configuration from the Tracer MP580/581. Use the Rover service tool to make sure that the Tracer MP580/581 is correctly configured for use with the EX2 module.
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Chapter 7 Programming Programming occurs after hardware installation is complete. The smoke control system must be programmed for automatic response, weekly selftesting, end-process verification, and response to manual FSCS commands. Response times Time response requirements must be kept in mind when programming. They are give in Table 27. Table 27. Time response requirements Response time Process 10 seconds (UL 864: 49.2.
Chapter 7 Programming In general, the BCU cannot pass information faster than every 5 seconds. This is the fastest a CPL routine can run. A BCU is included to collect system events, such as communication failure, and allow a user a remote connection to the system for status. Operational priority (UL 864: 49.10) The following descending order of priority shall be followed in processing smoke-control commands: 1. Manual activation and deactivation commands issued at the FSCS. 2.
Subsequent alarms Table 28. Operational priority Current state of system Manual override System self-test Panel lamp test HVAC (nondedicated) N/A Actuator is overridden. System self-test ends. Panel lamp test can continue. Actuator is overridden. Affects all nonoverridden actuators. N/A System self-test ends. Panel lamp test ends. HVAC system operation is completely suspended. Only smoke purge operation is allowed. System self-test is not allowed to start.
Chapter 7 Programming The wireless connector, smokeAlarmFloor, is used for the following two reasons: • • Because smokeAlarmFloor clears the floor alarms value one program execution sooner than when using just the binary variable, smoke AlarmAllFloor To send a smoke alarm to any floor (see Figure 54 on page 103). The relevant floor smoke alarm is communicated to the smoke control panel and mechanical system via a custom binding. Figure 53.
Smoke alarm annunciation Smoke alarm annunciation Systems serving two or more zones shall visually identify the zone of origin of the status change (UL-864: 33.2.1). The visual annunciation shall be capable of displaying all zones having a status change (UL-864: 33.2.2). These requirements are interpreted to mean that any smoke zone alarm is annunciated by the smoke control panel regardless of alarm order.
Chapter 7 Programming From requirements 33.2.1 and 33.2.2, we can see that there is a decoupling between annunciation and reaction. The series of network variables shown in Figure 54, nvoSwitch05 through nvoSwitch12, are used to directly control the smoke alarm LEDs on the FSCP. For example, a smoke alarm for floor 1 is received. The mechanical system reacts by pressurizing floor 2 and exhausting floor 1. Following that, floor 2 goes into smoke alarm.
Weekly self-test of dedicated systems Weekly self-test of dedicated systems (UL-864: 49.7) Dedicated smoke-control systems shall employ a weekly automatic selftest (AST). The AST automatically commands activation of each associated function. An audible and visual trouble signal shall be annunciated at the FSCP, identifying any function that fails to operate within the required time period. Nondedicated smoke control systems do not require a scheduled AST.
Chapter 7 Programming (On/Off), self-test enable, and self-test reset. Damper direction and fan state are set to Open/On for 5 minutes then Close/Off for 5 minutes. There is also a “blink” function built into the program fragment. Whenever the AST is enabled and there are no mechanical faults, the trouble LED will blink. Resetting mechanical system faults is somewhat ambiguous. If the fault occurs in the smoke alarm mode, the alarm can be reset when the request stops.
Weekly self-test of dedicated systems [Figure 57 needs to be introduced.] Figure 57.
Chapter 7 Programming Figure 58 illustrates how adding self-testing to the system affects programming for damper control on each floor. The self-test request becomes another source of damper/fan control, along with automatic and manual override self-tests. The existence of the self-test signal is indicated by the binary variable, “selfTestEnable”. Once self-testing is enabled, dampers and fans become controlled by a direction variable.
End process verification End process verification End process verification confirms that a device responded to an operation command.
Figure 59 illustrates a basic actuator failure routine. Some changes are necessary when automatic self-testing is added to the program. The different ways of controlling an actuator have different means of resetting a failure. The failure reset is automatic if a failure is discovered during an automatic smoke alarm response or manual override from the smoke control panel. The failure indication is only maintained while there is a failure.
End process verification Figure 61.
Chapter 7 Programming Communication watchdog Since multiple Tracer MP581s are used to interface with the mechanical equipment and FACP and FSCS panels, checking communications between each MP581 and BCU is necessary. Three different communication systems are used: BCU to MP581 (auto-bind), MP581 to MP581 (custom bind), and MP581 to EX2. The BCU cannot determine communication status of custom bindings. One Tracer MP581 should be chosen to be the communication watchdog.
Communication watchdog Figure 62. Watchdog communication relationship between a system MP581 and the central FSCP control MP581 Figure 63. Sample TGP showing transmitting during watchdog communication process] Figure 64. Sample TGP showing watchdog signal receive process There are three communication signals used in the smoke control system: BCU to MP581, MP581 to MP581, and MP581 to EX-2. The status of all three communication types needs to be indicated at the smoke control panel.
Chapter 7 Programming information. A program fragment illustrating the collection process is shown in Figure 65. Figure 65. Collection of Tracer and EX2 communication status at an individual MP581 Figure 65 also shows that each MP581 in the smoke control system should send back its won watchdog signal to the main FSCP control MP581. At the main FSCP control MP581, all the communication status signals are collected together to determine overall communication status.
Communication watchdog Figure 66. Determining overall communication status for the system Finally, the FSCP Comm Fault LED is controlled. A sample TGP fragment is shown in Figure 67. The FSCP Comm Fault LED is also controlled by the lamp test function. If a lamp test is not currently running, the FSCP Comm Fault is controlled by the overall communication status of the system. Figure 67.
Chapter 7 Programming Lamp test and audio alarm silence A lamp test must be performed for every FSCS panel. This test will cause all indicator lights to come on. However, an alarm takes precedence over the lamp test. Figure 68 shows a TGP program fragment that will enable a lamp test relevant to its own LEDs while broadcasting a lamp test request to other Tracer MP581s. An audible alarm test and silence routine are included. Figure 68.
Lamp test and audio alarm silence Triggering a lamp test affects all LEDs on the smoke control panel. Figure 69 shows an example of how to use the lamp test signal in combination with any smoke alarm information. Note: Note that the lamp test is not allowed to start or run if there is a smoke alarm. Figure 69.
Chapter 7 Programming Nondedicated smoke purge (UL-864: 3.21.h) The term nondedicated refers to a system that provides the building’s HVAC functioning under normal conditions and a smoke control objective during a fire alarm condition. The main concern when designing a nondedicated system is for programming to ensure that, once a smoke alarm or FSCP override occurs, any component of the smoke control system is controlled solely by automatic smoke control or manual override commands.
Variable-air-volume system Variable-air-volume system For variable-air-volume (VAV) systems, some form of duct pressure relief is required on each floor or in each smoke control zone. In smoke control mode, all return and supply fans will be set to their highest speed. If the VAV dampers are closed when this occurs, the duct pressure may be enough to damage the ductwork.
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Chapter 8 Network variable bindings Overview The LonTalk communications protocol allows data to be shared between devices (stand-alone or with a BAS) on a LonTalk network. This is called peer-to-peer communication. As an example of peer-to-peer communication, two or more devices serving the same space share data, such as a temperature reading, without having to pass the data through a BAS. Network variables are used to share data between devices.
Chapter 8 Network variable bindings Tracer MP580/581 bindings This section discusses which network variables will be necessary to achieve UUKL time performance requirements. Only “generic” network variables, which are neither Space Comfort Controller (SCC) or Discharge Air Controller (DAC), are necessary. Use of generic variables does not affect either BCU auto-bound network variables or SCC or DAC based network variables.
Custom bindings Custom bindings A distinction is made between FSCP and mechanical system control in this section. While smoke control panel processing is predictable, mechanical system processing (actuators, feedback validation) is unknown. It is limited to approximately five smoke control zones based on the UUKL-approved smoke control panel. Because the number and application of each MP581 and EX2 modules is unknown, the mechanical system will be represented as a “cloud.
Chapter 8 Network variable bindings In Table 31, the term multi-vibrator is used to indicate a network variable whose state is changed regularly. The receiver expects this value to change state within a certain interval. If it does not, a communication fault is generated. The term comm. status is used to indicate a network variable whose state is dependent on that particular MP581’s EX2 and BMTX communication status. If either are down, a communication fault is generated. Table 31.
Custom bindings Figure 71.
Chapter 8 Network variable bindings UUKL binding list (smoke alarm status) Table 32 shows an example list of smoke alarm custom bindings. In order to comply with UL-864 annunciation and control requirements, smoke alarm signals are sent to the mechanical system, FSCP lamps, and audio alarms (Sonalerts). Smoke alarms specific to a zone are broadcast to annunciate smoke alarms regardless of control sequence. A general smoke alarm is broadcast to signal a switch from HVAC control mode to a smoke control mode.
Custom bindings UUKL binding list (FCSP override control) Table 33 shows an example list of FSCP override custom bindings. Override commands from the FSCP are sent directly to the mechanical system. Table 33.
Chapter 8 Network variable bindings UUKL binding list (actuator Open/Close or On/Off status) Table 34 shows an example list of actuator status custom bindings. Actuator Open/Close or On/Off status is sent from the mechanical system directly to the FSCP. Table 34.
Custom bindings UUKL binding list (actuator failure status) Table 35 shows an example list of actuator failure status bindings. Actuator failure status is sent directly from the mechanical system to the FSCP. Table 35.
Chapter 8 Network variable bindings UUKL binding list (automatic self-test trigger and status) Table 37 shows an example list of actuator failure status bindings. Only dedicated smoke control systems require a scheduled self-testing. Once the self-test is triggered, a status signal is sent to the panel trouble LED to blink. Table 37.
Understanding bindings A heartbeated network variable has a timer associated with it. When the timer expires, the heartbeated network variable is sent regardless of change of state or delta value of that network variable. Heartbeating functions both as an indicator of value “freshness” and an indicator of the quality of communications between two devices. From the perspective of a terminal device, value freshness is most important.
Chapter 8 Network variable bindings targets can be either input NVs or output NVs, depending on the shape of the binding. For a one-to-one binding, the hub/target model loses its meaning, and either side of the binding could be the hub or the target. The Rover service tool does not indicate the shape or the type of the binding. It is up to you to look at the binding summary and determine the shape.
Understanding bindings The address table consists of the following elements (refer to column headings in Table 38): • • • • Use Domain at Index: This number represents a pointer or reference to a table entry in the Domain table. For Trane devices, the value at index (or row) 0 will be a decimal 17. Group Number or Subnet Address field: The function varies depending on the binding type. For group bindings, the group number is stored here. For subnet/node bindings, the subnet address is stored here.
Chapter 8 Network variable bindings A unique subnet/node binding type is a specific path from device X to device Y. Any number of actual network variable bindings could be built upon this path (see below). Regardless of the number of bindings built on a given path, only one address table entry will be consumed on the sending device. Note that this rule applies to subnet/node bindings that are part of one-to-one binding shapes or fan-in binding shapes. 3.
Understanding bindings Figure 74. One-way subnet/node binding In the example shown in Figure 75 on page 135, the custom bindings consume an address table entry in both MP581-A and MP581-B. Both MP581s are now transmitters of data. Both are subnet/node bindings. Figure 75. Two-way subnet/node bindings A group binding is shown in Figure 76. In this case, in every member’s address table, an entry number and group number are listed. A group binding made in this way is also called a fan-out binding.
Chapter 8 Network variable bindings Figure 76. Group binding Groups are unique. Two unique groups are shown in Figure 77. One consists of MP581-A, B, and C while the other has members MP581-A, B, C, and D. Even though one is a subset of the other, it is set apart by having a different amount of members. In this case, MP581-A, B and C have two group entries in their respective address table. MP581-D has just one group entry in its address table.
Understanding bindings Figure 77. Group binding uniqueness When a group binding is made, all members of the group have an entry in their address table defining which group, what their member number is within that group and size of the group. Once this entry is made, any member of the group can now transmit information to the other members within that particular group. Figure 78 illustrates this concept.
Chapter 8 Network variable bindings made, each member of the group has a entry made in its address table. For this example, all the devices are in Group 1. Now the user defines a second group binding with Device B transmitting nvoSwitch01 to Device A and Device C. But this definition has exactly the same membership list as in Group 1. No additional entry into the address table is necessary to define the group.
Understanding bindings Figure 79.
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Appendix A References Huggett, C. 1980. Estimation of Rate of Heat Release by Means of Oxygen Consumption Measurements, Fire and Materials, Vol. 4, No. 2, June. Klote, J.H. 1994. Method of Predicting Smoke Movement in Atria With Application to Smoke Management, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NISTIR 5516. Klote, J.K. and Milke, J.A. 1992. Design of Smoke Management Systems, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers, Atlanta, GA. NFPA 1995.
Appendix A References 142 BAS-APG001-EN
Trane A business of American Standard Companies www.trane.com For more information, contact your local Trane office or e-mail us at comfort@trane.com Literature Order Number BAS-APG001-EN File Number SV-ES-BAS-APG001-0906 Supersedes SV-ES-BAS-APG001-09-00 Stocking Location Inland Trane has a policy of continuous product and product data improvement and reserves the right to change design and specifications without notice.
