GR-5 Featuring Vanguard Technology Operator’s Manual Part Number 7010‐1004 Rev D ©Copyright Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. April, 2016 All contents in this manual are copyrighted by Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Table of Contents •••••• Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Terms and Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GR‐5 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Unpacking Your Receiver Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Standard Kit Components1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SIM Card Slot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 SIM Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Installing the SIM Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Display Panel Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Battery Charging Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Charging Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Leaving the Batteries on Charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Attaching the Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting Up the Base Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Setting Up the Rover Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Measuring Antenna Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Collecting Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiver Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Bluetooth Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 TRU Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Product Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 SD/SDHC Card Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Safety Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 General Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bluetooth Transmission Statements/Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preface •••••• Thank you for purchasing this Topcon product. The materials available in this Manual (the “Manual”) have been prepared by Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. (“TPS”) for owners of Topcon products, and are designed to assist owners with the use of the receiver and its use is subject to these terms and conditions (the “Terms and Conditions”). Please read the terms and conditions carefully. Terms and Conditions Use This product is designed to be used by a professional.
All information contained in this Manual is the intellectual property of, and copyrighted material of TPS. All rights are reserved. Do not use, access, copy, store, display, create derivative works of, sell, modify, publish, distribute, or allow any third party access to, any graphics, content, information or data in this Manual without TPS’ express written consent and may only use such information for the care and operation of the receiver.
License Agreement Use of any computer programs or software supplied by TPS or downloaded from a TPS website (the “Software”) in connection with the receiver constitutes acceptance of these Terms and Conditions in this Manual and an agreement to abide by these Terms and Conditions. The user is granted a personal, non‐exclusive, non‐transferable license to use such Software under the terms stated herein and in any case only with a single receiver or single computer.
No statement contained at the TPS website (or any other website) or in any other advertisements or TPS literature or made by an employee or independent contractor of TPS modifies these Terms and Conditions (including the Software license, warranty and limitation of liability). Safety Improper use of the receiver can lead to injury to persons or property and/or malfunction of the product. The receiver should only be repaired by authorized TPS warranty service centers.
This manual uses the following conventions: Convention Description Bold Menu, or drop‐down menu selection Name of a dialog box or screen Button or key commands Mono User supplied text or variable Italic Reference to another manual or help document Example FileExit (Click the File menu and click Exit) From the Connection screen... Click Finish. Type guest, and click Enter. Refer to the Topcon Reference Manual. Further information to note about system configuration, maintenance, or setup.
Introduction •••••• Topcon’s GR‐5 receiver is a compact and high‐performing GNSS receiver for static and kinematic applications. The receiver design includes a GNSS receiver board based on Vanguard Technology™, which provides unlimited tracking ability. The GR‐5 delivers world‐class positioning and navigation capability to your application by tracking signals with multiple frequencies and multi‐ constellation satellite systems.
Introduction GR-5 Features The GR‐5 receiver’s advanced design allows for a simplified setup and premium performance. The GR‐5 receiver features the following: • • • • • • • • • A premier multi‐constellation Vanguard technology GNSS board Industry leading full‐wave Fence Antenna technology Detachable batteries for extended operation Internal radio and cellular (optional) modems Integrated Bluetooth® wireless and radio technology Optional HSPA (3.
Introduction Unpacking Your Receiver Kit This section describes the documentation, standard kit components1, and accessories (depending on your purchase) that accompany your receiver. When you unpack your receiver kit, verify you received the items listed in this section. If any items are missing or damaged, contact your Topcon dealer or Topcon technical support. See “Getting Technical Support” on page 6.
Introduction The GPS+ Software CD includes USB drivers, which you need to install to use the USB port for communications. Accessories Topcon offers a wide variety of accessories1 (see Figure 2) specially designed to improve system flexibility and job site efficiency. For more details on the optional accessories available for GR‐5, contact your Topcon dealer. Figure 2: Receiver Accessories 1. For more detailed information, see “Accessories” on page 4.
The GR‐5 Manual CD includes two manuals (listed below) that help you set up and use your new receiver quickly and efficiently. • GR‐5 Operator’s Manual – An on‐screen help document that contains detailed information on how to use your new receiver. • Topcon Receiver Utility (TRU) Online Help– An on‐screen help document embedded in the software that contains detailed information on how to use the TRU software. For more information about the TRU software, see “Using Topcon Software With Your Receiver”.
Before contacting a Topcon customer representative about any problems with the receiver, see “Troubleshooting” on page 65 for some solutions that may fix the issue. Contact your local Topcon dealer or visit the Topcon Total Care Web site (www.topconcare.com) for technical support. For quick and effective support, provide a detailed description of the problem. When contacting Topcon for technical assistance, provide the following information for better and faster service: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
The Topcon website provides current information about Topcon’s line of products. The support area of the website provides access to Topcon field and office software, manuals, frequently asked questions, and so forth. To access the Topcon website, visit www.topconpositioning.com. The Topcon’s TotalCare web site also provides complete support, such as news, updates, reminders, training, live Webinars, and customer service to help you get the information you need. Visit www.topconcare.com.
Getting Acquainted •••••• The GR‐5 receiver enclosure is fully sealed and incorporates the GNSS receiver board, antenna, batteries, memory storage, and wireless communication device. Receiver Overview The upper portion of the receiver contains the GNSS antenna, which is enclosed by the radome and securely surrounded by a shock‐absorbing rubber bumper.
Getting Acquainted Cables The GR‐51 package includes a power supply cable, a USB cable, and a power adapter. Table 1 describes the cables included with your receiver, depending on your regional standard kit configuration. Make sure to contact your local Topcon dealer to inquire about standard items included in your receiver kit. Align the keyways when connecting the power/serial cable to the receiver port. Turn the cable lock clockwise until it clicks to secure the cable in place.
Getting Acquainted Table 1. Receiver Cables Cable Description Cable Illustration USB Cable Connects the receiver to an external device (controller or computer) for data transfer and receiver configuration. p/n 14‐008070‐01 Receiver Power/Charging Cable Connects the receiver and the power supply unit via SAE connectors for battery charging. p/n 14‐008016‐03 Serial Cable Connects the receiver to an external device (controller or computer) for data transfer and receiver configuration.
Getting Acquainted Accessories Topcon offers a wide variety of accessories specially designed to improve system flexibility and job site efficiency. For more details about the available accessories, contact your Topcon dealer. • Power Supply Unit (p/n 22‐034101‐01): charges the detachable batteries when connected to a grounded outlet. This unit converts the alternating current (AC) normally supplied from an electrical outlet to a direct current (DC) used to charge the batteries and/or power the receiver.
Getting Acquainted • The quick disconnect adapter (p/n 02‐850905‐01): connects to the range pole for the receiver to slip into the top. Using the side clips, the receiver can be quickly connected to/disconnected from the range pole. • A hand‐held controller: allows the GR‐5 Base and Rover systems to be configured and monitored directly in the field. You can use the Topcon Receiver Utility (TRU) to configure the receiver and any Topcon field data collection software.
Getting Acquainted Batteries The receiver comes equipped with two detachable, rechargeable batteries for powering the receiver. For more information about using the batteries, see “Managing Power” on page 30.
Getting Acquainted Data and Power Ports The GR‐5 has the following three ports: • USB – rimmed in yellow; used for high‐speed data • • transfer and communication between the receiver and an external device. The body of the connector on the corresponding cable is yellow. Serial Port – rimmed in black; used for communication between the receiver and an external device. Power – rimmed in red; used to connect the receiver to an external power source. This port can also be used to charge the batteries.
Getting Acquainted External Radio Antenna Connector The radio antenna connects to the external antenna connector on the GR‐5 radome (Figure 4). The radio antenna uses a reverse polarity TNC or BNC connection depending on the installed radio modem.
Getting Acquainted Bottom Connector The bottom connector (Figure 5) connects the receiver to either a standard 5/8'' thread pole/adapter or the quick disconnect. The quick disconnect adapter (p/n: 02-850905-01) connects to the range pole for the receiver to slip into the top. Using the side clips, the receiver can be quickly connected to/disconnected from the range pole.
Getting Acquainted SD/SDHC and SIM Card Slots The SD/SDHC and SIM card slots are located under the battery compartments near the base of the dome. For more information about the SD/SDHC card, see “Memory” on page 59. For more information about SIM cards, see “SIM Card Slot” on page 18.
Getting Acquainted SIM Card Slot The SIM card slot is located to the right of the LED Display Panel inside the battery compartment. It enables you to install a standard SIM card into the receiver. Once installed, the SIM card provides a unique identification for the receiver’s HSPA module and enables the receiver’s HSPA functionality based on the subscribed services (the receiver board accesses the HSPA module, which accesses the SIM card). The SIM card usually remains inside the receiver.
Display Panel Operations •••••• The LED display panel (Figure 7) enables you to control receiver power and data recording. The LEDs display the status of the satellite tracking, recording/memory capacity, Bluetooth connections, and batteries. This chapter describes the different LED blink patterns and what they mean.
Display Panel Operations Power Button The power button turns the receiver on and off. When turning the receiver on, press the Power button until the LEDs briefly flash. When turning off the receiver, press the Power button until the LEDs go out. Press the power button for about 1 second to turn the receiver on/off.
Display Panel Operations STAT LED The tracking status LED displays the status of tracked satellites when the receiver is on. Table 2. Status LED Patterns LED Color Description One blink per tracked GPS satellite. One blink per tracked GLONASS satellite. One blink means no satellite is being tracked. REC LED The recording LED indicates if data is being written to memory and warns if memory is available for recording. For a description of the REC LED status when using the FUNCTION button, see Table 7.
Display Panel Operations Table 3. Recording LED Patterns Display Description Orange Blink: The file system is not accessible. Solid Red: A fault condition with the receiver (no more memory, no SDHC card inserted, a hardware problem, or an improper OAF. For more information on REC LED patterns, see “FUNCTION Button/Logging Data” on page 26. RX TX LED This LED displays the status of the modem. Table 4 describes the LED colors and patterns for the different modems available for the GR‐5 receiver. Table 4.
Display Panel Operations Table 4.
Display Panel Operations Bluetooth LED The Bluetooth LED displays the status of the Bluetooth activity. Table 5 describes the activity. Table 5. Bluetooth LED Patterns LED Color Description Blue Blink: Bluetooth is on and waiting for a connection. Blue Solid: A single Bluetooth connection is established. No light: Bluetooth is turned off. Battery LED The Battery LED indicates the remaining charge of each detachable battery.
Display Panel Operations Table 6. Battery LED Patterns LED Color Description Slow Red Blink (5 sec.): The charge is less than 15 percent. EXTERNAL POWER IN USE(POWER BUTTON LED SOLID GREEN);BATTERIES ATTACHEDa,b Fast Green Blink (1 Sec.): The internal batteries are at greater than 85% capacity; the batteries are being charged. Fast Orange Blink (1 Sec.): The internal batteries are at greater than 15% capacity; the batteries are being charged. Fast Red Blink (1 Sec.
This button switches the receiver between information modes and post‐processing modes, starts/stops data recording, and changes the baud rate of the serial port to 9600. The FUNCTION button enables you to turn data recording on or off. See Table 7 to learn how to use the FUNCTION button. Display Panel Operations FUNCTION Button/Logging Data Press the FUNCTION button for 1–5 seconds to start/stop data logging.
Display Panel Operations Table 7. FUNCTION Button Operations and REC LED Status (Continued) FUNCTION Key Not pressed REC LED Status No light No data recording. Orange blink Internal file system test in progress. Red No free memory; hardware problem with data recording. No SDHC card. If FUNCTION key mode is “LED blink mode switch” Pressed for < 1 second Orange Release to change information mode. If FUNCTION key mode is “Occupation mode switch” Orange No function.
Display Panel Operations Table 7. FUNCTION Button Operations and REC LED Status (Continued) FUNCTION Key Pressed for > 8 seconds REC LED No light Status No function. When data recording is on, and the FUNCTION key is... Red No free memory; hardware problem with data recording. If FUNCTION key mode is “LED blink mode switch” Green Data recording started (post‐processing occupation mode undefined).
Display Panel Operations Table 7. FUNCTION Button Operations and REC LED Status (Continued) FUNCTION Key REC LED Status Pressed for 1–5 seconds No light Release to stop data recording. Pressed for 5–8 seconds Red Release to turn serial port A baud rate to 9600 bps. Pressed for > 8 seconds No light No function (data recording still on).
Managing Power •••••• This chapter describes how to power the receiver, charge the detachable batteries, and use an external power source. Turning On/Off the Receiver To turn on the receiver, press and hold the power button for more than one second until the LEDs briefly flash. When the receiver is turned on, the receiver’s channels initialize and begin tracking satellites from multiple constellations (depending on the receiver’s supported features and current OAF).
Managing Power Detachable External Batteries Each detachable battery provides between 5 and 10 hours of operation, depending on the receiver mode. To check the status of the detachable batteries, view the BATT LED or check the status using available Topcon software. Charging the Batteries The batteries are shipped from the factory without power. Fully charge the batteries before surveying. You can use the power supply unit or the battery charging cradle to charge the batteries.
Managing Power To grounded outlet To Grounded Outlet To Receiver Figure 10: Power Supply Unit Battery Charging Cradle The battery charging cradle (Figure 11) connects to a standard power outlet using the power adapter cable and power cable/power supply unit. The charger has two ports, one button, and three LEDs. • The two ports connect the charger to either a receiver or an external power source. The ports charge or drain the batteries simultaneously.
Managing Power • The STATUS button activates the battery LEDs. Press STATUS to display the amount of charge for the corresponding battery. • The two battery LEDs display the percentage of charge in the attached battery: • – A green light indicates a charge greater than 85%. – An orange light indicates an intermediate charge. – A red light indicates a charge of less than 15%. Recharge or replace the battery as soon as possible.
Managing Power You can also attach the battery charger to a tripod, a belt, or an RTK pole to provide external power to the base station or rover. Before using the GR‐5, fully charge the batteries for maximum operating time. Battery Charging Temperatures Charge the batteries only in temperatures between 32oF (0oC) and 113oF (45oC). o 45oC 113oF o 25oC 77oF 0 C 32oF An optimal charging temperature is between 50oF (10oC) and 77oF (25oC).
Managing Power To charge the batteries using the power supply unit: 1. Plug the receiver‐to‐SAE power cable into the receiver’s power input port. 2. Connect the receiver‐to‐SAE power cable and the power supply‐to‐outlet cable to the AC adapter. 3. Plug the power supply‐to‐outlet cable into an available outlet. The batteries are fully charged after approximately 6 hours. To charge the batteries using the charging cradle: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Managing Power Leaving the Batteries on Charge The batteries can be safely left in the receiver or the charging cradle once charging is complete. Doing so will not overcharge or damage the batteries. The batteries can also be attached/detached to/from the receiver or charging cradle at any time without harming the batteries, the receiver, or the cradle. When returning the batteries to the receiver or cradle, charging is automatically resumed.
Managing Power Detaching the Batteries To detach the batteries from the GR‐5, so that they can be charged or replaced: Using the clip at the top of the battery, gently pull down and out to detach the battery from the receiver (Figure 14). Figure 14: Detach the GR‐5 Batteries Assembling the AA Battery Shell To assemble the AA battery shell to the GR‐5 (Figure 15): Do not use rechargeable AA batteries. Do not use the AA battery shell when the radio modem is in transmitter mode. 1.
- + - + + - + - 3. Insert four AA batteries as shown on the inside of the shell (and in Figure 15 below). • The batteries on the left lay with the positive end towards the bottom of the shell. • The batteries on the right lay with the positive end towards the top of the shell. Replace the back cover of the shell. Managing Power 2. Figure 15: Remove Cover and Insert AA Batteries 4. Insert the AA battery shell into the battery compartment of the receiver as shown in Figure 13 on page 4‐36.
Managing Power Changing the Batteries while Surveying It is safe to change a depleted battery with a fully charged one while surveying (i.e., on the fly) without turning off the receiver. Before doing this, make sure the other battery has enough charge to power the receiver while changing the depleted battery. The surveying will not be disrupted. If needed, repeat this procedure for the second battery.
Turn on the receiver. Managing Power 3. From Receiver to Auxiliary Battery Using ODU‐to‐Alligator Clips Cable Figure 16: Connect an Auxiliary Battery and the Receiver A single external 12 V, 2.3 A*h battery should run the receiver and modem for about 9 hours and the receiver for 13 hours.
Managing Power To connect the receiver to the charging cradle (Figure 17): The charging cradle with extra batteries hooks onto a tripod or belt for a convenient power supply for the receiver. The part number for the receiver‐to‐charger cradle cable is 14‐008072‐01 or 14‐008072‐02. 1. 2. Connect one end of the cradle‐to‐receiver cable to the charging cradle. Connect the other end to the power port on the receiver. The Batteries in the Charging Cradle do not Charge the Internal/Detachable Batteries.
Managing Power Insufficient Power If the batteries become fully discharged and an external power supply is not connected, the receiver will shut down and automatically save recorded files. To avoid disruptions, check the BAT LED on the display panel for the battery charge status. See “Battery LED” on page 24 for more information. If the receiver shuts down due to insufficient power, the receiver and all communication ports become de‐activated.
Configuring the Receiver •••••• The sections in this chapter describe receiver options, and how to load a new Option Authorization File (OAF), update firmware, and perform a factory reset. To do this, you will need to use the Topcon Receiver Utility (TRU) software that was supplied on the GR‐5 CD. For information about installing the software, see the Topcon Receiver Utility (TRU) Online Help embedded in the software.
Configuring the Receiver Figure 18: TRU – Receiver Info The GR‐5 receiver, featuring Vanguard technology, is referred to as the GR‐5+ to differentiate from the GR‐5 receiver with an older receiver board.
Receiver board firmware is released as a compressed file that you download and decompress. This file contains the following two files: • ramimage.ldr – the Receiver board RAM file • main.ldp – the Receiver board Flash file To upload firmware files to the receiver: 1. 2. Connect the receiver to a computer using the Power and Serial cable receiver accessory (p/n: 100182‐01). To connect to the receiver in TRU: a. Click DeviceApplication ModeFirmware Loader. b. Click DeviceConnect. c.
Configuring the Receiver Figure 19: Connection Parameters Window 3. 4. 5. 6. Click the Firmware Loader icon in the TRU main window. The Firmware Loader window (Figure 20) displays. This window enables you to upload firmware files to the connected receiver. Make sure Receiver/Modem/Bluetooth is selected in the Device field. (Recommended) Select Soft Break as the Capture Method. Browse for and select the receiver board’s RAM and Flash files (Figure 20).
Configuring the Receiver Figure 20: Upload Firmware Window 7. 8. Click Start to upload the selected files. Click OK to continue uploading new firmware to the receiver (see Figure 21).
Configuring the Receiver Figure 21: Finishing Firmware Upload Loading New Firmware P/N: 7010‐1004 48
Topcon issues an Option Authorization File (OAF) to enable the specific options that you purchased. Topcon’s OAF system allows you to customize and configure the receiver according to your particular needs, therefore purchasing only the options you require. The GR‐5 receiver typically ships with an OAF as per initial purchase of the receiver kit configuration. There are several upgrade options available with the receiver that can extend the receiver’s functionality to better suit your job requirement.
Configuring the Receiver Figure 22: Receiver Options Loading an OAF Topcon dealers provide customers with OAF files. For any OAF related questions, e‐mail Topcon at options@topcon.com and include the receiver’s ID and serial number. To obtain these numbers, see “Viewing Receiver Information” on page 43. To load a new OAF: 1. 2. About the OAF Follow the steps in “Checking the Receiver’s OAF” on page 49. Click Upload OAF on the bottom of the Receiver Options window (see Figure 22).
Navigate to the location of the new Option Authorization File (Figure 23). Configuring the Receiver 3. Figure 23: Load OAF 4. About the OAF Select the appropriate file, and click Open (Figure 23). Topcon’s TRU initially checks to see if the selected file is compatible with the currently connected receiver. If you chose a file not intended for this receiver, the Upload OAF window displays an error icon next to the Receiver ID and disables the Upload the File to the Receiver button.
Configuring the Receiver Figure 24: OAF Compatibility Check 5. Press Upload the File to the Receiver (Figure 24) to start loading the file. If an OAF file is uploaded to the receiver, TRU will offer to reset the receiver to put new authorization options into operation (Figure 25). Figure 25: Reset the Receiver 6. About the OAF Click Yes.
The receiver’s Non‐Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) holds data required for satellite tracking, such as ephemeris data and receiver position. The NVRAM also keeps the current receiver’s settings, such as active antenna input, elevation masks and recording interval, and information about the receiver’s internal file system. A factory reset clears the receiver’s NVRAM and restores the receiver’s factory default settings.
Click the Tools icon Configuring the Receiver 3. in the main window. The Tools window appears, enabling you to reset the receiver and clear the NVRAM. Figure 26: Tools Dialog Box 4. Click Factory Reset, and click Yes to continue. Using the LED display panel 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Press the Power button to turn off the receiver. Press and hold the FUNCTION button. Press and hold the Power button for one second, and then release it while continuing to hold the FUNCTION button.
Field System Setup •••••• This chapter describes the field setup of your new receiver, so it is ready for use as a Base, network, RTK Rover, or static data collector. Setting Up the Base Receiver 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Install a heavy‐duty tripod (p/n: 22‐050501‐01) over a known point. You do not need a universal tribrach and tribrach adapter when working with this tripod. Attach the antenna to the modem antenna connector. Level the tripod and tighten the screws.
1. Field System Setup Setting Up the Rover Receiver If needed, attach the quick disconnect to the bipod/range pole. GR-5 Recevier Use a bipod during post‐process surveys to ensure the antenna/receiver does not move during data logging. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Quick Disconnect (Optional) 5/8 inch Screw Attach the receiver to the quick disconnect. Make sure the receiver locks into place. If you are not using a fixed height rover pole, measure the height of the receiver from the ground.
The receiver calculates the coordinates of the antenna’s phase center. To determine the coordinates of the station marker, specify the following: • Measured height of the antenna above the station marker • Method of measuring the antenna height • Model of the antenna/receiver used Any necessary antenna phase center adjustments, based on the antenna model, is automatically applied.
Field System Setup SHMM A 168mm B A = ARP to edge = 79.0 B = ARP to corner = 97.
Collecting Data •••••• This chapter provides general information about memory, recording data, downloading data, and removing files to free up memory space. Memory The GR‐5 is equipped with an external SD/SDHC memory card slot. Although you may install an SD/SDHC card of any memory size into the slot, the receiver recognizes up to 32 GB of memory. For specific information, see “SD/SDHC Card Recommendations” on page 103.
Collecting Data SD/SDHC Card The SDHC card slot is located to the left of the LED Display Panel inside the battery compartment and connects an optional SD/SDHC card to the receiver board to provide memory. Once installed, the SD/SDHC card usually remains inside the receiver. You can access the data that resides on the SD/SDHC card via the USB or serial port, or Bluetooth wireless technology (see “Managing Files” on page 64). A secure digital card can be purchased at a local computer supply store.
The GR‐5 supports a removable SDHC memory card to log raw data files. The memory card must be initialized before its first use. Initializing the memory card while in the receiver ensures the card is formatted to the TPS proprietary file system (TPFS). This file system allows the receiver to create, store, retrieve, delete, and restore raw data files. It is also advisable to re‐initialize the memory card periodically (e.g., quarterly).
The Topcon Receiver Utility (TRU) software enables you to set logging parameters, such as logging rate and types of messages, in which to record data. This software is supplied on the GR‐5 CD. See the TRU Online Help for more information. The GR‐5 is compatible with any Topcon field software for configuration and recording raw data. Logging Rates The amount of memory used to log data depends on the logging rate. For more information about setting logging rate parameters, see the TRU Online Help.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Wait for the STAT LED to indicate satellites are being Press the FUNCTION tracked. The STAT LED blinks green for GPS satellites and button for 1–5 seconds to start/stop amber for GLONASS satellites. A short red blink indicates data logging. the receiver has not solved a position. Five or more satellites provide optimal positioning. To begin recording, press and hold the FUNCTION button, and then release it (between 1 and 5 seconds) when the REC (Recording) LED turns green.
Raw data is recorded as time‐tagged measurements in a single raw data file. Each file is recorded to the receiver’s memory, and automatically given a name and a *.tps file extension. You can then transfer a file of collected data can to a computer with file managing software, such as the Topcon Receiver Utility (TRU), which is supplied on the GPS+ CD. These programs allow you to use an automatic naming feature, enter file names, and delete files as necessary.
Troubleshooting •••••• This chapter will help you diagnose and solve some common problems that may occur with the receiver. Do not attempt to repair equipment yourself. Doing so will void the warranty and may damage the hardware. Check This First! Before contacting your local dealer or Topcon Technical Support, check the following: • Check all external receiver connections carefully to ensure correct and secure connections. Double check for worn or defective cables.
receiver’s parameters to the factory default settings and erases the almanac and ephemeris files. This action does not delete data files from the receiver memory. If the problem persists, see the following sections for other solutions. Powering Problems The following are some of the most commonly encountered power problems. The receiver does not power up • The battery may be discharged. – Charge the battery overnight. See “Charging the Batteries” on page 31.
Troubleshooting Receiver Problems The following are some of the most commonly encountered receiver problems. The receiver cannot establish a connection to a computer or external controller Cable specific problems: • The cable is not properly plugged in. – Unplug the cable, then securely and properly reconnect it to the receiver. • The cable is damaged. – Use an undamaged cable. Contact a dealer to replace the cable. • The USB driver is not installed.
• The corresponding receiver options may be disabled or expired (L1/L2, GPS/GLONASS must be on to track satellites). – Order a new OAF with the desired options activated to enable or extend validity of the corresponding receiver options. Contact a dealer or visit the Topcon website for details. – Refer to the “Receiver Managing” chapter of the Topcon Receiver Utility (TRU) Online Help for a detailed description of options.
• a. Connect the receiver to a computer and open TRU (see “Connection” in the Topcon Receiver Utility (TRU) Online Help embedded in the software). b. In TRU, connect to the receiver. c. On the TRU main window, choose Receiver SettingsPorts. d. • • Double‐click on the port to be configured and make sure the input mode of the Rover matches the format of the Base output mode (i.e. RTCM3). Poor satellite geometry (PDOP/GDOP values are too high).
• • • receiver transmits differential messages to the modem and vice versa. – Change the modem’s baud rate. The Base and Rover modems use different radio link parameters. – Configure the Base and Rover radio modems according to the procedures listed in the TRU Online Help. The distance between the Base and Rover is too far. – Close the distance between the Base and Rover. – Use repeaters to increase radio coverage. There may be a source of radio interference that disrupts radio communications.
The following are some of the most commonly encountered error messages and other problems. TRU error message: Can’t find receiver • The receiver is turned off. • • • • • – Ensure the receiver has power and is turned on. Bluetooth is not turned on; the BT LED is off. – Reset the receiver to the factory default settings by pressing the Power button for 10 to 15 seconds. – You can also turn on power to Bluetooth using TRU. To do this, on the TRU main window, choose Receiver SettingsBluetooth.
Change the Input Mode for the Bluetooth serial port used for connection to cmd. Troubleshooting c. This is the most common cause for this error message. Use TRU to double check the settings for the connection port. TRU error message: Open COM# port failed: Access is denied • Another application uses the computer port dedicated for connection. – Close the application, and then re‐connect. – Connect the receiver via another, unused computer port.
If the settings are changed for the Bluetooth module, remove it from the list of discovered Bluetooth devices using the Bluetooth manager program (supplied with the device used to manage the receiver). b. Repeat the search. Troubleshooting a. TRU Problems The following is the most commonly encountered TRU problem. TRU cannot connect to the receiver • The receiver is turned off. – Ensure the receiver has power and is turned on. • If using a cable, the cable’s connectors are improperly attached.
• Use a clean cloth moistened with neutral detergent or water. • Never use an abrasive cleaner, ether, thinner benzene, or other solvents. • Always make sure the receiver is completely dry before storing it. Dry any moisture with a soft, clean cloth. Getting Customer Support If the troubleshooting hints and tips in this operator’s manual fail to remedy the problem, contact Topcon Customer Support. For contact information, see “Getting Technical Support” on page 6.
Specifications •••••• This chapter provides specifications for the receiver and its internal components. General Details Table 8 lists the receiver’s general specifications. Table 8. General Receiver Specifications Physical Enclosure Dust and water Ingress protected magnesium I‐Beam housing Color Topcon Yellow / Gray bumper Dimensions (mm) 158.1 (w) x 253 (h) x 158.1 (d) Weight 1.88 kg with batteries, 1.
Specifications Table 8.
Specifications Table 8. General Receiver Specifications Storage Temperature ‐20°C to +35°C with batteries ‐40°C to +75°C without batteries Humidity 100% Ingress Protection Dust and water ingress protected (IP66) Shock/Bump/Drop Rating IEC 60068‐2‐29 IEC 60068‐2‐27 2 m pole drop to concrete Vibration Rating Compliance with MIL‐STD 810F ‐ 514.5 ‐ Cat.24 Power External Batteries Li‐ion, 3900 mAh, 7.
Specifications Table 8. General Receiver Specifications Operating Time For the GR‐5 with FH915+ Modem: • Receive‐only mode – 14 hours Average with modem “on” and 20 SVs tracked. • Transmitting at 250 mW – 12 hours Using new, fully‐charged batteries, operating at room temperature and transmitting at 1 Hz rate. • GSM/GPRS in urban areas – 13 hours For the GR‐5 with Digital UHF II Modem: • Transmitting at 1 W – 10 hours • Receive‐only mode – 14 hours • Transmitting at 0.
Specifications Table 8. General Receiver Specifications Power Consumption • Modem = off – 3.0W FH915 Average with modem “on” and 20 SVs tracked. • Receive‐only mode – 4.3 W Using new batteries and operating at room temperature. • Modem transmitting at 250 mW – 5.2 W • Modem transmitting at 1 W – 7.6W Digital UHF II • Receive‐only mode – 4.3 W • Modem transmitting at 0.5 W – 6.4 W • Modem transmitting at 1 W – 7.8 W Battery Charge Connect the AC adapter to charge the internal battery.
Specifications Table 8. General Receiver Specifications GNSS Number of Channels 226‐Channel Vanguard Technology™ with Universal Tracking Channels Tracked Signalsb GPS: L1, L1C, L2, L2C, L5 GLONASS: L1, L2 Galileo: E1, E5a, E5b, AltBOC BeiDou: B1, B2 SBAS: L1 C/A WAAS/MSAS/EGNOS QZSS: L1 C/A.
Specifications Table 8. General Receiver Specifications Data and Memory Memory Removable SD/SDHC Data Update/Output Rate 1 Hz – 50 Hz selectable (10 Hz standard for RTK operation) Real Time Data Output TPS, RTCM SC104 v 2.x, 3.x (including MSM); CM/CMR+ ASCII Output NMEA 0183 version 2.x and 3.0 Communication Optional Radio Type Integrated UHF/FH915 Base Radio Output 1.
Specifications Table 8.
Specifications Table 8. General Receiver Specifications NMEA NMEA 0183 Output Ver. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.0 output Messages GGA, GLL, GMP, GNS, GRS, GSA, GST, GSV, HDT, RMS, ROT, VTG, UID, and ZDA Output Interval 1Hz standard; 10, 20, 50 Hz optional DGPS Correction Format RTCM SC104 Ver 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.0, and 3.
Specifications Table 8. General Receiver Specifications Ambiguity Initialization On‐The‐Fly (OTF): L1, L1/L2 Baseline Length Up to 50km, depending on atmospheric and multipath conditions Initialize Time 1 second to 10 min.
Specifications Table 8. General Receiver Specifications Survey Modes Base or Rover Autonomous (standalone) DGPS (w/ user base) DGPS (w/ SBAS) Static Kinematic (continuous, stop and go) RTK (delay, extrapolation) Accuracy (RMS)e Staticf H: 3.0 mm + 0.1 ppm V: 3.5 mm + 0.4 ppm RTK H: 5 mm + 0.5 ppm V: 10 mm + 0.8 ppm DGPS User Base: H: 0.4m V: 0.6m SBAS: H: 1.0m V: 1.5m Autonomous Accuracy H: 1.5m RMS V: 2.
Specifications Table 8. General Receiver Specifications Cold Start Warm Start Hot Start Reacquisition <60 sec. <35 sec. <10 sec. <1 sec. a. Patent pending. Multiple patents are associated with Fence Antenna™ technology. b. A positioning solution for L1C, GPS L5, and Galileo signals will be integrated and made available when the constellations mature, and are ready for commercial use. c.
Specifications DUHF II Internal Modem Board Details (Optional) Table 9. DUHF II Internal Modem Board Specifications Operating Frequency Range • 410MHz – 470MHz for Rover • 420MHz – 470MHz for Base Channel Spacing 12.
Specifications Table 9. DUHF II Internal Modem Board Specifications Antenna Connector BNC Error Correction FEC on/off FH915 Internal Modem Board Details Table 10. FH915 Internal Modem Board Specifications Frequency Range Country/Region/Purpose Dependent • 902.2 MHz – 927.
Specifications Table 10.
Specifications Optional Cell Module Details Table 11. Cellular Specifications Quad Band GSM/GPRS/EDGE Modulea Supported Bands GSM 850/900/1800/1900 MHz TX Power 850/900 MHz – Class 4 (2 Watt) 1800/1900 MHz – Class 1 (1 Watt) Data Features GPRS, Multi‐slot Class 10, Max downlink 85.6 kbps, max uplink 42.8 Kbps EDGE, Multi‐slot Class 10, Max BR downlink 236.5 Kbps CSD, Max BR 14.4 Kbps AT Command Set GSM 07.05, 07.07 and 07.
Specifications Table 11. Cellular Specifications (Continued) Dual Band CDMA 1xRTT Module Supported Bands1 CDMA 800/1900 MHz TX Power 800 MHz – Class 3 (24 dBm) 1900 MHz – Class 2 (24 dBm) Data 1x/QNC/HSPD CSD, Max BR 14.4 Kbps AT Command Set N/A Regulatory and Approvals CDG1, CDG2 FCC, IC, CCC EMC QS9000 manufacturing RoHS/WEEE 1 Topcon GNSS receivers equipped with integrated C24 wireless modules are authorized to operate in the US only on the VerizonTM wireless network. 3.
Specifications Table 11. Cellular Specifications (Continued) TX Power UMTS/HSPA ‐ Class 3 (0.25 Watt) GSM 850/900 MHz – Class 4 (2 Watt) GSM 1800/1900 MHz – Class 1 (1 Watt) EDGE 850/900 MHz – Class E2 (0.5 Watt) EDGE 1800/1900 MHz – Class E2 (0.4 Watt) Data Features UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA 3GPP, Release 6 GSM/GPRS 3GPP, Release 9 Max uplink 5.76 Mbps, max downlink 7.2 Mbps EDGE, Multi‐Slot class 12 CSD, Max BR 14.4 Kbps GSM, Max BR 14.4 Kbps UMTS AT Command Set GSM 07.05, 07.
Specifications Bluetooth Module Details Table 12. Bluetooth Module Specifications Range up to 10 m (indoor); up to 20 m (outdoor) Type Class 2 Service classes Miscellaneous Supported profiles LM, L2CAP, SDP, SPP Frequency Country Code North America and Europe Connector Specifications The GR‐5 has one antenna connector for radio transmission/reception and three port connectors for power and data upload/download.
Specifications Radio (Modem) RF Connector The modem connector (Table 13) is a reverse TNC connector for 915+ radio and a BNC connector for UHF radio. Table -13.
Specifications Power Connector Rimmed in red, the power connector (Figure 28) is a sealed receptacle, 5 pin, ODU part number G80F1C‐T05QF00‐0000. 2 3 4 1 5 Figure 28. Power Connector Table 14 describes power connector specifications. Table 14.
Specifications Table 14. Power Connector Specifications (Continued) Number Signal Name Dir Details 4 Power_GND P Ground, power return 5 Aux_Power P 9 to 21 volts DC input Serial C-RS232 Connector Rimmed in black, the serial RS232 connector (Figure 29) is a sealed receptacle, 7 pin, ODU part number G80F1C‐T07QC00‐0000. 3 4 2 1 5 7 6 Figure 29.
Specifications Table 15 gives the RS232 cable connector specifications. Table 15.
Specifications USB Connector Rimmed in yellow, the USB connector is a sealed receptacle, 4 pin TPS cable connector (Figure 30). 2 1 3 4 Figure 30. USB Connector for GGD Options Table 16 gives the USB connector specifications. Table 16.
The equipment will be commercialized in Brazil only with the following technologies (O equipamento será comercializado no Brasil apenas com as seguintes tecnologias): • Bluetooth V. 2.1 EDR • Digital UHF II (459‐460 MHz e 469‐470 MHz) – Modulações GMSK e 4‐Level FSK (4LFSK) Table 17. Brazil‐Only General Information Parameter Specification Model (Modelo) GR‐5 Description (descrição) GR‐5 with DUHF (459‐460, 469‐470 MHz x12.
Specifications Table 18. Especificações Modem UHF Digital II para o Brasil Parameter Specification Operating Frequency Range (Faixa de freqüência de operação) UHF 459‐460, 469‐470 MHz Modulation Techniques (técnicas de modulação) GMSK and 4‐Level FSK (4LFSK) Maximum Transmit Power (Máxima de Transmissão de Energia) 1 Watt Protocols (Protocolos) Satel 4LFSK PDL GMSK PDL 4LFSK TrimTalk GMSK Occupied Bandwidth (channel spacing) 12.5 KHz Data Transmission Rate at 12.
Specifications Table 18. Especificações Modem UHF Digital II para o Brasil (Continued) Parameter Specification Communication Mode (modo de comunicação) Half‐Duplex (Meio Duplex) Oeration Modes: (modos de operação) Transmitter (Transmissor) Receiver (Recebedor) Repeater (Repetidor) Table 19.
Product Identification •••••• Earlier versions of the GR‐5 receiver supported 216 Universal Tracking channels. The new GR‐5 receiver, featuring Vanguard™ Technology, supports 226 channels, which are listed in Table 20 by serial number range. Table 20.
SD/SDHC Card Recommendations •••••• This section provides a recommended list of SD/SDHC cards that were tested with the receiver. This list of recommendations is based on testing results available to date and should not be considered a comprehensive list. The receiver is capable of working with SD/SDHC cards with a storage capacity of up to 32GB. For optimal and consistent performance, Topcon recommends using the SD/SDHC cards listed in this section.
Safety Warnings •••••• General Warnings Topcon receivers are designed for survey/construction and related uses (that is, surveying coordinates, distances, angles and depths, and recording such measurements). This product should never be used: • Without the user thoroughly understanding this manual. • After disabling safety systems or altering the product. • With unauthorized accessories. • Without proper safeguards at the job site. • Contrary to applicable laws, rules, and regulations.
Safety Warnings Battery Warnings Never attempt to open the casing of the detachable batteries! Lithium‐Ion batteries can be dangerous if mishandled! Do not incinerate or heat the battery above 212 degrees fahrenheit (100 degrees celsius). Excessive heat can cause serious damage and possible explosion. Tampering with the batteries by end users or non‐factory authorized technicians will void the battery’s warranty. • Do not disassemble the batteries. • Do not charge in conditions different than specified.
Safety Warnings Receiver Warnings Tampering with the receiver by the end users or non‐factory authorized technicians will void the receiver’s warranty: • • • Do not attempt to open the receiver and modify any of its internal components. Do not charge in conditions different than specified. Do not short circuit. Usage Warnings If this product has been dropped, altered, transported or shipped without proper packaging, or otherwise treated without care, erroneous measurements may occur.
Regulatory •••••• The following sections provide information on this product’s compliance with government regulations for use. FCC Compliance This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for uncontrolled equipment and meets the FCC radio frequency (RF) Exposure Guidelines in Supplement C to OET65. This equipment has very low levels of RF energy that it deemed to comply without maximum permissive exposure evaluation (MPE).
• • • • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Move the equipment away from the receiver. Plug the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is powered. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional suggestions. Any changes or modifications to the equipment not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate such equipment.
Regulatory Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes : (1) l’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et (2) l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouilage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d’en compromettre le fonctionnement.
GR‐5 FH915 2.5dBi Sleeve Dipole Antenna Manufacture/Type 890‐960 MHz LARSEN SPDA17RP918 Connect Type: TNC male reverse polarity 902‐928 MHz NEARSON S467xx‐915S Connector Type: TNC male reverse polarity Industry Canada Compliance P/N: 7010‐1004 110 Regulatory The device (with FH915 modem) has been designated to operate with the antennas listed below and have a maximum gain of 2.1dBi. Antennas not included in this or having a gain greater than 2.1dBi are strictly prohibited for use with this device.
The product described in this manual is in compliance with the R&TTE and EMC directives from the European Community. European Community Declaration of Conformity with R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC The following standards were applied: (R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EEC) • ETSI EN 300 113‐2 v1.5.1(2011‐11) • ETSI EN 301 489‐5 v1.4.1(2002‐08) • ETSI EN 301 489‐1 v1.9.2(2011‐09) • ETSI EN 301 489‐17 v1.5.1(2010‐10) • ETSI EN 301 489‐7 v1.3.1(2005‐11) • ETSI EN 301 511 v9.0.2(2003‐03) • ETSI EN 300 440‐2 v1.4.
Regulatory This equipment is intended to be marketed in the following countries: List of National Codes: • • • • • • • • AT DE MT GB BE GR NL IS CY HU PL LI CZ IE PT NO DK IT SK CH EE LV SI BG FILT ES RO FR LU SE TR The equipment is labeled with a CE! mark that informs users the DIG UHFII frequency range 410‐470 MHz is not harmonized throughout Europe and the specific country spectrum authority should be notified before a radio modem is used. Use of this equipment requires a license.
Regulatory L’impiego di questo impianto necessita una concessione. Das Betreiben dieser Anlage unterliegt der Konzessionspflicht. L’utilisation de cette installation nécessite une concession.
esky [Czech] (Topcon) tímto prohlašuje, že tento (GR-5) je ve shod se základními požadavky a dalšími píslušnými ustanoveními smrnice 1999/5/ES. Dansk [Danish] Undertegnede (Topcon) erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr (GR-5) overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF. Deutsch [German] Hiermit erklärt (Topcon) dass sich das Gerät (GR-5) in Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den übrigen einschlägigen Bestimmungen der Richtlinie 1999/5/EG befindet.
Regulatory [Greek] Français [French] Par la présente (Topcon) déclare que l'appareil (GR-5) est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/CE. Italiano [Italian] Con la presente (Topcon) dichiara che questo (GR-5) è conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva 1999/5/CE.
Alulírott, (Topcon) nyilatkozom, hogy a (GR-5) megfelel a vonatkozó alapvetõ követelményeknek és az 1999/5/EC irányelv egyéb elõírásainak. Polski [Polish] Niniejszym, (Topcon) , deklaruj, e (GR-5) spenia wymagania zasadnicze oraz stosowne postanowienia zawarte Dyrektywie 1999/5/EC. Português [Portugues] (Topcon) declara que este (GR-5) está conforme com os requisitos essenciais e outras disposições da Directiva 1999/5/CE.
Regulatory Brazil Anatel Compliance Este equipamento opera em carater secundario isto e, nao tem direito a protecao contra interferencia prejudicial, mesmo do estacoes do mesmo tipo, enao pode causar interferencia a sistemas operando em carater primario.
The following information is for EU‐member states only: The use of the symbol below indicates that this product may not be treated as household waste. By ensuring this product is disposed of correctly, to help prevent potential negative consequences for the environment and human health, which could otherwise be caused by inappropriate waste handling of this product.
Warranty •••••• Topcon laser and electronic positioning equipment are guaranteed against defective material and workmanship under normal use and application consistent with this Manual. The equipment is guaranteed for the period indicated, on the warranty card accompanying the product, starting from the date that the product is sold to the original purchaser by Topcon’s Authorized Dealers.1 During the warranty period, Topcon will, at its option, repair or replace this product at no additional charge.
Glossary •••••• B Base Station – A GNSS receiver set up over a known point, which is used to derive correction information for nearby Rover (mobile) GNSS receivers. BeiDou– BeiDou Navigation Satellite System maintained and operated by China. Bluetooth® – Often used in place of cables, Bluetooth is open wireless technology for exchanging data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices.
L1 and L2– For the ranging codes and navigation message to travel from the satellite to the receiver, they must be modulated onto a carrier frequency. In the case of the GPS design, two frequencies are utilized: one at 1575.42 MHz (10.23 MHz x 154) called L1 and the other at 1227.60 MHz (10.23 MHz x 120), called L2. Light‐Emitting Diode (LED) – Used as indicator lights on the receiver to display the status of the receiver’s components and control receiver operations.
Phase Center of Antenna – The point from which the electromagnetic radiation spreads spherically outward, with the phase of the signal being equal at any point on the sphere. Pocket‐3D – Field data collection software by Topcon for construction markets. R Real‐Time Kinematic (RTK) – A precise method of real‐time surveying. RTK enables you to check the measurement quality without having to process the data. Root Mean Square (RMS) – Statistical measure of the magnitude of a varying quantity.
Glossary U Universal Serial Bus (USB) – A connection standard used by devices, such as a receiver, controller, computer, etc.