Datasheet

ManualsBrandsTEXAS INSTRUMENTS ManualsLinear ICsLinear IC - Audio amplifier 1-channel (mono) Class D DSBGA 9

IN-

IN+

PGND

OUT+

OUT-

ToBattery

SDA

SCL

MasterEnable

TPA2028D1

Digital

BaseBand

Analog

Baseband

CODEC

PVDD

10 Fm

C 1 F

(Optional)

I CClock

I CData

TPA2028D1

www.ti.com

SLOS660B –JANUARY 2010–REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012

3-W Mono Class-D Audio Amplifier with Fast Gain Ramp SmartGain™ AGC/DRC

Check for Samples: TPA2028D1

FEATURES

DESCRIPTION

The TPA2028D1 is a mono, filter-free Class-D audio

• Fast AGC Start-up Time: 5 ms

power amplifier with volume control, dynamic range

• Pin-out Compatible with TPA2018D1

compression (DRC) and automatic gain control

• Filter-Free Class-D Architecture

(AGC). It is available in a 1,63 mm x 1,63 mm wafer

chip-scale package (WCSP).

• 3 W Into 4 Ω at 5 V (10% THD+N)

• 880 mW Into 8 Ω at 3.6 V (10% THD+N)

The DRC/AGC function in the TPA2028D1 is

programmable via a digital I

C interface. The

• Power Supply Range: 2.5 V to 5.5 V

DRC/AGC function can be configured to automatically

• Flexible Operation With/Without I

C™

prevent distortion of the audio signal and enhance

• Programmable DRC/AGC Parameters

quiet passages that are normally not heard. The

DRC/AGC can also be configured to protect the

• Digital I

C™ Volume Control

speaker from damage at high power levels and

• Selectable Gain from –28 dB to 30 dB in 1-dB

compress the dynamic range of music to fit within the

Steps (when compression is used)

dynamic range of the speaker. The gain can be

• Selectable Attack, Release and Hold Times

selected from –28 dB to +30 dB in 1-dB steps. The

TPA2028D1 is capable of driving 3 W at 5 V into 4

• 4 Selectable Compression Ratios

Ω load or 880 mW at 3.6 V into 8 Ω load. The device

• Low Supply Current: 1.8 mA

features hardware and software shutdown controls

• Low Shutdown Current: 0.2 μA

and also provides thermal and short-circuit protection.

The TPA2028D1 has faster AGC gain ramp during

• High PSRR: 80 dB

start-up than TPA2018D1.

• AGC Enable/Disable Function

In addition to these features, a fast start-up time and

• Limiter Enable/Disable Function

small package size make the TPA2028D1 an ideal

• Short-Circuit and Thermal Protection

choice for cellular handsets, PDAs and other portable

• Space-Saving Package

applications.

– 1,63 mm × 1,63 mm Nano-Free™ WCSP

SIMPLIFIED APPLICATION DIAGRAM

(YZF)

APPLICATIONS

• Wireless or Cellular Handsets and PDAs

• Portable Navigation Devices

• Portable DVD Player

• Notebook PCs

• Portable Radio

• Portable Games

• Educational Toys

• USB Speakers

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of

Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

2Fast Gain Ramp SmartGain, Nano-Free are trademarks of Texas Instruments.

C is a trademark of NXP Semiconductors.

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.

Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas

Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not

necessarily include testing of all parameters.

Summary of content (38 pages)

PAGE 1
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 3-W Mono Class-D Audio Amplifier with Fast Gain Ramp SmartGain™ AGC/DRC Check for Samples: TPA2028D1 FEATURES DESCRIPTION • • • • • • • • • • The TPA2028D1 is a mono, filter-free Class-D audio power amplifier with volume control, dynamic range compression (DRC) and automatic gain control (AGC). It is available in a 1,63 mm x 1,63 mm wafer chip-scale package (WCSP).
PAGE 2
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
PAGE 3
TPA2028D1 www.ti.
PAGE 4
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com AVAILABLE OPTIONS (1) (1) (2) TA PACKAGED DEVICES (2) –40°C to 85°C 9-ball, WCSP PART NUMBER SYMBOL TPA2028D1YZFR NSU TPA2028D1YZFT For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI Web site at www.ti.com The YZF packages are only available taped and reeled. The suffix R indicates a reel of 3000; the suffix T indicates a reel of 250.
PAGE 5
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS at TA = 25°C, VDD = 3.6V, EN = 1.3 V, RL = 8 Ω +33 μH, and AV = 6 dB (unless otherwise noted). PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS kSVR VDD = 3.6 Vdc with ac of 200 mVPP at 217 Hz power-supply ripple rejection ratio MIN TYP MAX –70 faud_in = 1 kHz; PO = 550 mW; VDD = 3.6 V 0.1% faud_in = 1 kHz; PO = 1.25 W; VDD = 5 V 0.
PAGE 6
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com I2C TIMING CHARACTERISTICS For I2C Interface Signals Over Recommended Operating Conditions (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN No wait states TYP MAX UNIT 400 kHz fSCL Frequency, SCL tW(H) Pulse duration, SCL high 0.6 μs tW(L) Pulse duration, SCL low 1.3 μs tSU(1) Setup time, SDA to SCL 100 ns th1 Hold time, SCL to SDA 10 ns t(buf) Bus free time between stop and start condition 1.
PAGE 7
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS with C(DECOUPLE) = 1 μF, CI = 1 µF. All THD + N graphs are taken with outputs out of phase (unless otherwise noted).
PAGE 8
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE SUPPLY CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE IN SHUTDOWN 8 100 RL = 8 Ω + 33 µH EN = VDD 90 IDD − Supply Current − µA 9 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 50 40 30 20 4.0 4.5 5.
PAGE 9
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 0 −10 −20 −30 Compression Compression Compression Compression −40 −50 −70 −50 −30 Ratio = 1:1 Ratio = 2:1 Ratio = 4:1 Ratio = 8:1 −10 10 THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − % Input Level − dBV PO = 0.5 W PO = 0.05 W 0.001 100 10k 1k f − Frequency − Hz THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − % VDD = 2.5 V −50 VDD = 3.6 V −60 −70 VDD = 5 V −80 20 100 1k 10k 20k 10 Gain = 6 dB RL = 4 Ω + 33 µH VDD = 3.
PAGE 10
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER 100 10 Gain = 6 dB RL = 8 Ω + 33 µH f = 1 kHz VDD = 3.6 V VDD = 5 V 1 0.1 0.01 0.01 0.1 1 PO − Output Power − W 3 THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − % THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − % TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE vs OUTPUT POWER VDD = 3.6 V 0.1 0.01 0.01 EFFICIENCY vs OUTPUT POWER EFFICIENCY vs OUTPUT POWER 100 90 VDD = 2.
PAGE 11
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 SUPPLY CURRENT vs OUTPUT POWER SUPPLY CURRENT vs OUTPUT POWER 0.50 0.8 Gain = 6 dB RL = 8 Ω + 33 µH f = 1 kHz 0.40 0.35 VDD = 3.6 V 0.30 VDD = 2.5 V 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 VDD = 3.6 V 0.6 0.5 VDD = 2.5 V 0.4 0.3 0.2 Gain = 6 dB RL = 4 Ω + 33 µH f = 1 kHz 0.1 0.05 0.00 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 0.0 0.0 2.0 PO − Output Power − W 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 PO − Output Power − W G017 Figure 21. Figure 22.
PAGE 12
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com 1 Output V – Voltage– V 0.75 0.5 SWS Disable 0.25 0 -0.25 -0.5 -0.75 -1 0 1m 2m 3m 4m 5m 6m 7m 8m 9m 10m t – Time – s G024 ZI – Input Impedance – kW Figure 27. Startup Time 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 Gain – dB Figure 28.
PAGE 13
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 APPLICATION INFORMATION ENABLE/DISABLE AMPLIFIER The amplifier is enabled by pulling EN high and disabled by pulling EN low. It is necessary to wait 10ms after EN is pulled high and before the first I2C transaction. It is also required to wait 1ms after the last I2C transaction completes before pulling EN low otherwise it is not guaranteed that the I2C transaction was successful.
PAGE 14
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com The AGC works by detecting the audio input envelope. The gain changes depending on the amplitude, the limiter level, the compression ratio, and the attack and release time. The gain changes constantly as the audio signal increases and/or decreases to create the compression effect. The gain step size for the AGC is 0.5 dB. If the audio signal has near-constant amplitude, the gain does not change. Figure 29 shows how the AGC works.
PAGE 15
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 Gain - dB www.ti.com VIN - dBV Figure 30. Input Signal Voltage vs Gain Thus the AGC performs a mapping of the input signal vs. the output signal amplitude. This mapping can be modified according to the variables from Table 1. The following graphs and explanations show the effect of each variable to the AGC independently and which considerations should be taken when choosing values.
PAGE 16
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com Limiter Level= 630mW Limiter Level= 500mW VOUT - dBV Limiter Level = 400 mW Increasing Limiter Level Decreasing Limiter Level VIN - dBV Figure 32. Output Signal vs Input Signal State Diagram Showing Different Limiter Level Configurations The limiter level and the fixed gain influence each other. If the fixed gain is set high, the AGC has a large limiter range. The fixed gain is set low, the AGC has a short limiter range.
PAGE 17
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 The gain change equation is: æ ö 1 Gain change = ç 1 ÷ × Input signal change Compression ratio ø è (3) 1ö æ 24 dB = ç 1 - ÷ × 32 4ø è (4) Consider the following when setting the compression ratio: • Dynamic range of the speaker • Fixed gain level • Limiter Level • Audio Loudness vs Output Dynamic Range. Figure 34 shows different settings for dynamic range and different fixed gain selected but no limiter level.
PAGE 18
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 Small Compression Region www.ti.com Large Limiter Range Rotation Point @ higher gain Large Compression Region 1: 1 VOUT - dBV Rotation Point @ lower gain Small Limiter Range VIN - dBV Figure 35.
PAGE 19
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 1: 1 VOUT - dBV Max Gain Max Gain = 30dB = 22dB VIN - dBV Figure 37. Output Signal vs. Input Signal State Diagram Showing Different Maximum Gains A particular application requiring maximum gain of 22dB, for example. Thus, set the maximum gain at 22dB. The amplifier gain will never have a gain higher than 22dB; however, this will reduce the limiter range.
PAGE 20
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com Input Signal Amplitue (Vrms) Gain dB Time end Attack time Time reset Release time Hold timer not used after first gain increase Hold time time Figure 38. Time Diagram Showing the Relation Between the Attack, Release, and Hold Time vs Input Signal Amplitude and Gain Figure 39 shows a state diagram of the input signal amplitude vs.
PAGE 21
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 TPA2028D1 AGC AND START-UP OPERATION The TPA2028D1 is controlled by the I2C interface. The correct start-up sequence is: 1. Apply the supply voltage to the PVDD pin. 2. Apply a voltage above VIH to the EN pin. The TPA2028D1 powers up the I2C interface and the control logic. I2C registers are reset to default value. By default, the device is in active mode (SWS = 0).
PAGE 22
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com TPA2028D1 AGC RECOMMENDED SETTINGS Table 2. Recommended AGC Settings for Different Types of Audio Source (VDD = 3.6V) AUDIO SOURCE COMPRESSION RATIO ATTACK TIME (ms/6 dB) RELEASE TIME (ms/6 dB) HOLD TIME (ms) FIXED GAIN (dB) LIMITER LEVEL (dBV) Pop Music 4:1 1.28 to 3.84 986 to 1640 137 6 7.5 Classical 2:1 2.56 1150 137 6 8 Jazz 2:1 5.12 to 10.2 3288 — 6 8 Rap / Hip Hop 4:1 1.28 to 3.84 1640 — 6 7.
PAGE 23
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 SINGLE-BYTE WRITE As Figure 41 shows, a single-byte data write transfer begins with the master device transmitting a start condition followed by the I2C device address and the read/write bit. The read/write bit determines the direction of the data transfer. For a write data transfer, the read/write bit must be set to '0'.
PAGE 24
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com MULTIPLE-BYTE READ A multiple-byte data read transfer is identical to a single-byte data read transfer except that multiple data bytes are transmitted by the TPA2028D1 to the master device as shown in Figure 44. With the exception of the last data byte, the master device responds with an acknowledge bit after receiving each data byte.
PAGE 25
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 IC FUNCTION CONTROL (Address: 1) REGISTER ADDRESS 01 (01H) – IC Function Control I2C BIT LABEL DEFAULT 7 Unused 1 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EN SWS Unused FAULT Thermal Unused NG_EN 1 (enabled) 0 (enabled) 0 0 0 1 1 (enabled) DESCRIPTION Enables amplifier Shutdown IC when bit = 1 Changes to a 1 when there is a short at the output.
PAGE 26
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com AGC RELEASE CONTROL (Address: 3) REGISTER ADDRESS 03 (03H) – AGC Release Control I2C BIT 7:6 5:0 REL_time LABEL Unused REL_time DEFAULT 00 001011 (1.81 sec/6 dB) DESCRIPTION AGC Release time (gain ramp down) Per Step 000001 0.0137 s 000010 0.0274 s 000011 0.0411 s 000100 0.0548 s (time increases by 0.0137 s 111111 0.8631 s Per 6 dB 0.1644 s 0.3288 s 0.4932 s 0.6576 s with every step) 10.36 s 90% Range 0.7398 s 1.4796 s 2.
PAGE 27
TPA2028D1 www.ti.
PAGE 28
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com AGC CONTROL (Address: 6) REGISTER ADDRESS 06 (06H) – AGC Control I2C BIT 7 6:5 4:0 LABEL DEFAULT Output Limiter Disable NoiseGate Threshold 0 (enable) Output Limiter Level 11010 (6.5dBV) 01 (4 mVrms) DESCRIPTION Disables the output limiter function.
PAGE 29
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 DECOUPLING CAPACITOR CS) The TPA2028D1 is a high-performance Class-D audio amplifier that requires adequate power supply decoupling to ensure the efficiency is high and total harmonic distortion (THD) is low. For higher frequency transients, spikes, or digital hash on the line, a good low equivalent-series-resistance (ESR) 1-μF ceramic capacitor (typically) placed as close as possible to the device PVDD lead works best.
PAGE 30
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com Figure 45. Land Pattern Dimensions Table 6. Land Pattern Dimensions (1) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) SOLDER PAD DEFINITIONS COPPER PAD SOLDER MASK (5) OPENING COPPER THICKNESS Non solder mask defined (NSMD) 275 μm (+0.0, –25 μm) 375 μm (+0.0, –25 μm) 1 oz max (32 μm) (2) (3) (4) STENCIL (6) (7) OPENING 275 μm × 275 μm Sq.
PAGE 31
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 EFFICIENCY AND THERMAL INFORMATION The maximum ambient temperature depends on the heat-sinking ability of the PCB system. The derating factor for the packages are shown in the dissipation rating table. Converting this to θJA for the WCSP package: 105°C/W (7) Given θJA of 105°C/W, the maximum allowable junction temperature of 150°C, and the maximum internal dissipation of 0.
PAGE 32
TPA2028D1 SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 www.ti.com Figure 47. EMC Performance under FCC Class-B Figure 47 shows the EMC performance of TPA2028D1 under FCC Class-B. The test circuit configuration is shown in Figure 46. The worst-case quasi peak margin is 29.8 dB at 30.5 MHz. Table 7. Measurement Condition for TPA2028D1 EMC Test PARAMETER VDD Supply voltage AV VALUE UNIT 4.
PAGE 33
TPA2028D1 www.ti.com SLOS660B – JANUARY 2010 – REVISED SEPTEMBER 2012 REVISION HISTORY Changes from Original (January 2010) to Revision A • Page Table 3, Changed Register 1, Bit7 From: 0 To: 1 ............................................................................................................... 24 Changes from Revision A (March 2011) to Revision B Page • Added Figure 28 ..........................................................................................................................
PAGE 34
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.
PAGE 35
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 27-Sep-2013 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) TPA2028D1YZFR DSBGA YZF 9 3000 180.0 8.4 TPA2028D1YZFT DSBGA YZF 9 250 180.0 8.4 Pack Materials-Page 1 B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 1.71 1.71 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 1.71 1.71 0.81 4.0 8.
PAGE 36
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 27-Sep-2013 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) TPA2028D1YZFR DSBGA YZF 9 3000 182.0 182.0 17.0 TPA2028D1YZFT DSBGA YZF 9 250 182.0 182.0 17.
PAGE 37
D: Max = 1.655 mm, Min =1.594 mm E: Max = 1.655 mm, Min =1.
PAGE 38
IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete.