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About the TI-84 Plus and TI-84 Plus Silver Edition The TI-84 Plus Silver Edition is the same as the TI-84 Plus except: • it has more memory, and thus more spaces for graphing handheld software applications (Apps). • it has interchangeable faceplates that let you customize the appearance of your TI-84 Plus Silver Edition. Since all the functions of the TI-84 Plus Silver Edition and the TI-84 Plus are the same, this guidebook can be used for either the TI-84 Plus or the TI-84 Plus Silver Edition.
Table of Contents 1 Getting Started ..................................................................1 TI-84 Plus keys................................................................................. 1 Turning the TI-84 Plus on and off.................................................. 2 Home screen ................................................................................... 2 y and ƒ keys ........................................................................ 3 ‘ and y 5 ..........................
Solving a System of Nonlinear Equations.................................... 62 Using a Program to Create the Sierpinski Triangle..................... 63 Graphing Cobweb Attractors....................................................... 64 Using a Program to Guess the Coefficients................................. 65 Graphing the Unit Circle and Trigonometric Curves .................. 66 Finding the Area between Curves ...............................................
1 Getting Started TI-84 Plus keys y Provides access to the function or character shown above each key. } ~ † | Let you move the cursor in four directions. ƒ Provides access to the characters shown above each key. ‘ Clears (erases) the entry line or deletes an entry and answer on the home screen. Œ Displays a menu that lists Applications installed on the TI-84 Plus. É Turns on the TI-84 Plus. Getting Started Í Evaluates an expression, executes an instruction, or selects a menu item.
Turning the TI-84 Plus on and off To turn on the TI-84 Plus, press É. The É key is located at the lower left corner of the TI-84 Plus. To turn off the TI-84 Plus, press the y key followed by the É key. OFF is the second function of É. When you turn off the TI-84 Plus, all settings and memory contents are retained. The next time you turn on the TI-84 Plus, the home screen displays as it was when you last used it.
Example: Add 2 + 3 on the home screen. Press Result 2Ã3 Í Entry line Answer line Note: Results are displayed on the next line (the answer line), not on the entry line. Example: Multiply 5 x 4. Press Result 5¯4 Í y and ƒ keys Most keys on the TI-84 Plus can perform two or more functions. To use a function printed on a key, press the key. To use a function printed above a key, you must first press the y key or the ƒ key.
Note: The flashing cursor changes to Þ when you press the y key. ƒ key The ƒ key lets you enter the alphabetic characters and some special symbols. To enter T, for example, press ƒ (and then release it) and then press ¶. In the guidebook this key combination is indicated by ƒ [T]. If you have several alphabetic characters to enter, press y 7 to avoid having to press the ƒ key multiple times. This locks the alpha key in the On position until you press ƒ a second time to unlock it.
• Select it from the CATALOG, if the function appears on the CATALOG. For example, press y N, press † to move down to log(, and press Í to select log(. — or — • Select it from a menu, if available. For example, to find the round function, press , press ~ to select NUM, then select 2:round(. Example: Enter and evaluate the expression p Q 2. Press Result yB¯ 2 Í Interchangeable Faceplates The TI-84 Plus Silver Edition has interchangeable faceplates that let you customize the appearance of your unit.
Installing New Faceplates 1. Align the top of the faceplate in the corresponding grooves of the TI-84 Plus Silver Edition case. 2. Gently click the faceplate into place. Do not force. 3. Make sure you gently press each of the grooves to ensure the faceplate is installed properly. See the diagram for proper groove placement. Using the Clock Use the Clock to set the time and date, select the clock display format, and turn the clock on and off.
Changing the Clock settings 1. Press the ~ or | to highlight the date format you want, example: M/D/Y. Press Í. 2. Press † to highlight YEAR. Press ‘ and type the year, example: 2004. 3. Press † to highlight MONTH. Press ‘ and type the number of the month (a number from 1–12). 4. Press † to highlight DAY. Press ‘ and type the date. 5. Press † to highlight TIME. Press ~ or | to highlight the time format you want. Press Í. 6. Press † to highlight HOUR. Press ‘ and type the hour.
Turning the Clock On There are two options to turn the clock on. One option is through the MODE screen, the other is through the Catalog. Using the Mode Screen to turn the clock on 1. If the Clock is turned off, Press † to highlight TURN CLOCK ON. 2. Press Í. Using the Catalog to turn the clock on 1. If the Clock is turned off, Press y N 2. Press † or } to scroll the CATALOG until the selection cursor points to ClockOn. 3. Press Í. Turning the Clock Off 1. Press y N. 2.
Some menus close automatically when you make a selection, but if the menu remains open, press y 5 to exit. Do not press ‘ to exit, since this will sometimes delete your selection. Example: Enter 3 27 on the home screen entry line. Press Result Menus containing an arrow next to the final item continue on a second page. 4 — or — †††Í 27¤ Í Example: Change the FORMAT menu setting to display grid points on the graph. Press Result y.
Press Result ††~ Í s Example: Turn off the display of grid points. Press Result y.†† Í Note: Press y 5 or ‘ to close the FORMAT menu and return to the home screen. Summary of menus on the TI-84 Plus Press To display Œ APPLICATIONS menu — to see a list of TI-84 Plus graphing handheld software applications (APPS). y8 LINK menu — to communicate with another graphing handheld. yL MEMORY menu — to check available memory and manage existing memory. MATH menu — to select a math operation.
Press To display yN CATALOG menu — to select from a complete, alphabetic list of all TI-84 Plus built-in functions and instructions. y. FORMAT menu — to define a graph’s appearance. y> MATRIX menu — to define, view, and edit matrices. y< DRAW menu — to select tools for drawing on graphs. y= DISTRIBUTIONS menu — to select distribution functions to paste to the home screen or editor screens. y: TEST menu — to select relational operators (=, ƒ, {, |, etc.
Example: Enter the expression 52 + 1, and then change the expression to 52 N 5. Press Result 5 ¡Ã 1 ||{{ ¹5 Í Example: Change the example above to 52 + 2 N 5 using y [ to recall the expression and y 6 to insert + 2 into the expression.
Using ¹ and Ì Many graphing handhelds (including the TI-84 Plus) make a distinction between the symbols for subtraction and negation. Use ¹ to enter subtraction operations. Use Ì to enter a negative number in an operation, in an expression, or on a setup screen. Example: Subtract 10 from 25. Press Result 25¹10 Í Example: Add 10 to L25. Press Result Ì2 5 Ã 1 0 Í Example: Subtract L10 from 25.
Using parentheses Since all calculations inside parentheses are completed first, it is sometimes important to place a portion of an expression inside parentheses. Example: Multiply 4…1+2; then multiply 4…(1+2). Press Result 4¯1Ã2 Í 4 ¯£ 1 à 2 ¤ Í Note: The closing parenthesis ¤ is optional. The operation will be completed if you omit it. The exception to this rule occurs when there is another operation following the parenthetical operation. In this case, you must include the closing parenthesis.
1 2 Example: Calculate 16 ^ --- . Press Result 1 6 ›£ 1 ¥ 2 ¤ Í Example: Calculate (L3)2. Press Result £Ì 3 ¤¡ Í Note: Try each of these examples without the parentheses and see what happens! Storing a value Values are stored to and recalled from memory using variable names. Example: Store 25 to variable A and multiply A by 2.
Press Result Í 2 ¯ ƒ [A] Í — or — ƒ [A] ¯ 2 Í Example: Find the value of 2X3 N 5X2 N 7X + 10 when X = L0.5. Press Result ÌË 5 ¿„ Í (stores L.5 to X) 2 „› 3 ¹5„¡ ¹ 7 „Ã 1 0 Í You can remove a value stored to a variable using the DELVAR function or by storing 0 to the variable.
Example: Delete the value (L.5) stored to X above by storing 0. Press Result 0 ¿„ Í „ Í Graphing a function o Displays the Y= Editor, where you can enter one or more functions or expressions to graph. p Lets you set the viewing window to produce the best display of your graph. Getting Started s Displays the graph you have defined. „ Lets you enter one of four symbols: X (if you are in Function mode), T (in Parametric mode), q (in Polar mode), or n (in Sequence mode).
To graph a function, you must: 1. Display the Y= Editor. 2. Enter the function. 3. Display the graph. Note: If you previously changed graph type in the mode settings, you must change the type back to Func (the default setting) before you graph. Example: Graph the function Y = X 2 + 1. Press Result o „¡Ã 1 s Note: If Y1 is not empty, press ‘. If there are additional entries in the Y= Editor, press † ‘ until all are clear.
Example: Change the mode setting for decimals from Float to 3 decimal places. Press Result z †~~~~ Í y5 1Ë23456 Í Note: You must press Í to change a mode setting. If you highlight the setting and then exit the mode menu without pressing Í, the setting will not be changed. The mode menu includes the following settings: Setting Choices Numeric notation • Normal: for example, 12345.67 • Sci (scientific): for example, 1.234567â4 • Eng (engineering): for example, 12.
Setting Choices Type of graph • Func (functional): plots functions, where Y is a function of X • Par (parametric): plots relations, where X and Y • Pol (polar): plots functions, where r is a function • Seq (sequence): plots sequences • Connected: draws a line connecting each point are functions of T Plot type of ô q calculated for the selected functions • Dot: plots only the calculated points of the selected functions Sequential or simultaneous graphing Real or complex mode Screen display
Press Result 2¥3¯2Í Your first reaction to this example is that the graphing handheld has produced a wrong answer. But you have set it to round to 0 decimal places (the nearest whole number), so for this setting the answer is correct.
Xmin: the minimum value of X to be displayed. Xmax: the maximum value of X to be displayed. Ymin: the minimum value of Y to be displayed. Ymax: the maximum value of Y to be displayed. Xcsl (X scale): the distance between the tick marks on the X axis. Yscl (Y scale): the distance between the tick marks on the Y axis. Xres: pixel resolution—not usually changed except by advanced users. To change the values: 1. Move the cursor to highlight the value you want to change. 2.
Press Result y5 Using q The TI-84 Plus has ten predefined window settings that let you quickly adjust the graph window to a predetermined level of magnification. To display this menu, press q. Selection Result 1: ZBox Lets you draw a box (using the cursor pad) to define the viewing window. 2: Zoom In After you position the cursor and press Í, magnifies the graph around the cursor. 3: Zoom Out After you position the cursor and press Í, displays more of the graph.
Example: Build a table to evaluate the function Y = X3 N 2X at each integer between L10 and 10.
Note: Press † repeatedly to see the changes in X and Y. Clearing the Y= Editor Before proceeding with the remaining examples in this guidebook, clear the Y= Editor. Press Result o ‘ Using the CATALOG The CATALOG is an alphabetic list of all functions and instructions on the TI-84 Plus. Some of these items are also available on keys and menus. To select from the CATALOG: 1. Position the cursor where you want to insert the item. 2. Press y N. 3.
Example: Enter the rand function on the home screen. Press Result y N [R] † The Ø indicates that Alpha-lock is on. Í Performing simple calculations Changing a decimal to a fraction Example: Add 1/2 + 1/4 and change your answer to a fraction.
Finding the least common multiple Example: Find the least common multiple of 15 and 24. Press Result ~}} Í 15¢24¤ Í Finding the square root Example: Find the square root of 256. Press Result yC 2 5 6 ¤ Í Finding the factorial of numbers Example: Compute the factorial of 5 and 30.
Solving trigonometric functions Example: Find the sine of an angle of 72¡. Press Result ˜72 y;ͤ Í If you are solving multiple problems using angles, be sure that mode is set to Degree. If you are in Radian mode and do not wish to change the mode, you can use y ; Í (as you did in this example) to add the degree symbol to the calculation and override the Radian mode setting. Adding Complex Numbers Example: Add (3+5×) + (2-3×).
Example: Find the roots for the equation X2 N 13X N 48 = 0. Press Result } Í If you do not see eqn:0= as shown above, press } (the up arrow), and then press ‘ to erase the existing equation.
Press Result 100 ƒ\ The two roots are M3 and 16. Since you did not enter a guess, the TI-84 Plus used 0 (the default guess) and first returned the answer nearest 0. To find other roots, you must enter another guess. In this example, you entered 100. Entering data into lists You can enter data into lists using either of two methods: • Using braces and ¿ on the home screen — or — • Using the statistical list editor. Using ¿ Example: Store 1, 2, 3, and 4 to list 1 (L1).
Press Result ¿ yd Í Using the statistical list editor Example: Store 5, 6, 7, and 8 to list 2 (L2).
Press Result y5ye Í (displays the contents of the list on the home screen) Plotting data When you have statistical data stored in lists, you can display the data you have collected in a scatter plot, xyLine, histogram, box plot, or normal probability plot. You will need to: 1. Determine which lists contain your data. 2. Tell the TI-84 Plus which lists of data you want to plot and define the plot. 3. Display the plot.
Tell the TI-84 Plus which lists you want to plot Press Result y, 4Í (turns plots off if any plots are on) y, Í Í (turns Plot1 on) ††y9 Í (enters L1 as the Xlist) Getting Started 33
Press Result †y9† Í (enters L2 as the Ylist) †~Í (selects + as the plotting mark) o‘ Note: This step is optional and is not necessary unless there is a previous entry in the Y= Editor. If there are additional entries in the Y= Editor, press † ‘ until all are clear.
Note: If you would like to add the regression line to a scatter plot, adding Y1 to the end of the instruction: LinReg(ax+b) L1, L2, Y1. (Press ~ Í Í to add Y1.) Press s to see the regression line. Calculating a linear regression If you wish to calculate the linear regression for data, you can do so using the LinReg instruction from the … CALC menu. Example: Calculate the linear regression for the data entered in L1 and L2.
Calculating statistical variables The TI-84 Plus lets you easily calculate one-variable or two-variable statistics for data that you have entered into lists. Example: Using the data that you entered into L1 from the previous section “Using ¿“, calculate one-variable statistics.
Using the MATRIX Editor Creating a new matrix Press Result y>| Í 2Í2Í 1Í5Í 2Í8Í Note: When you press Í, the cursor automatically highlights the next cell so that you can continue entering or editing values. To enter a new value, you can start typing without pressing Í, but you must press Í to edit an existing value.
Example: Solve 3X + 3Y = 24 and 2X + Y = 13 Press Result y>~~† Í 2Í3Í 3Í3Í24Í 2Í1Í13Í y5 y>~ 38 Getting Started
Press Result }}}}} Í y>†Í Í You can interpret the resulting matrix as: [1 0 5] represents 1X + 0Y = 5 or X = 5 [0 1 3] represents 0X + 1Y = 3 or Y = 3 The solution to this system of equations is X = 5, Y = 3. Grouping Grouping lets you make a copy of two or more variables and store them in the Flash memory of the TI-84 Plus. This function is similar to “zipping” a computer file and storing it.
Grouping lets you keep these lists together for future use. Instead of trying to locate the correct lists and remember which ones were collected together, you can simply recall the group. Grouping also saves space on your graphing handheld by copying variables from RAM to Flash memory. Example: Group lists L1, L2, and L3 and name them GROUPA. Press Result yL 8 Í Caution: You are in alpha mode.
Press Result 4 Í†Í †Í ~ Í Ungrouping To use variables that have been grouped, you must ungroup. Example: Ungroup GROUPA.
Press Result 8 ~ Í 3 (to overwrite all three lists) Error messages Occasionally, when you enter a function or instruction or attempt to display a graph, the TI-84 Plus will return an error message.
Example: Enter the least common multiple function lcm( followed by only one number. Press Result ~}}Í 27¢ Í If you select 1:Quit, you return to the home screen with the cursor on a new entry line. If you select 2:Goto, you return to the original entry line; the cursor is flashing at the location of the error. You can now correct the error and continue. You can find a complete list of error conditions with explanations in Appendix B: General Information.
Press Result 7 2 2 WARNING: If you reset All RAM in step 3 above, you will delete stored variables, lists, applications, and programs. Be sure you have backed up any essential data before you select this option. Installing applications Graphing handheld software applications (Apps) let you update the functionality of your TI-84 Plus by installing Apps. This is similar to the way that you add new features to your computer by installing new software applications.
3. Reduce the size of the Explorer window so you can see the TI Connect desktop icon. 4. Click the application file you want to transfer. 5. Drag the application file out of Explorer and drop it on the TI Connect desktop icon. Instructions for Macintosh® 1. Connect the TI Connectivity Cable USB for Macintosh/Windows between your computer and TI-84 Plus, and make sure the TI-84 Plus is on the home screen. 2. Launch the TI-GRAPH LINK 2 software and establish a connection to your TI-84 Plus. 3.
Quick reference Press To y} Darken the screen y† Lighten the screen y~ Move the cursor to the end of an expression y| Move the cursor to the beginning of an expression ƒ† Page down to the next screen (on menus) ƒ} Page up to the next screen (on menus) y[ Place your last entry on the current entry line on the home screen yZ Place Ans (a reference to your last answer) on the current entry line on the home screen, allowing you to use the answer in the next calculation { Delete the character
2 Activities The Quadratic Formula Entering a Calculation Use the quadratic formula to solve the quadratic equations 3x2 + 5x + 2 = 0 and 2x2 N x + 3 = 0. Begin with the equation 3x2 + 5x + 2 = 0. 1. Press 3 ¿ ƒ [A] (above ) to store the coefficient of the x2 term. 2. Press ƒ [:] (above Ë). The colon allows you to enter more than one instruction on a line. 3. Press 5 ¿ ƒ [B] (above Œ) to store the coefficient of the X term. Press ƒ [:] to enter a new instruction on the same line.
6. Press Í to find one solution for the equation 3x2 + 5x + 2 = 0. The answer is shown on the right side of the display. The cursor moves to the next line, ready for you to enter the next expression. Converting to a Fraction You can show the solution as a fraction. 1. Press to display the MATH menu. 2. Press 1 to select 1:4Frac from the MATH menu. When you press 1, Ans4Frac is displayed on the home screen. Ans is a variable that contains the last calculated answer. 3.
5. Press } to move the cursor onto the + sign in the formula. Press ¹ to edit the quadratic-formula expression to become: 2 – b – b – 4ac------------------------------------2a 6. Press Í to find the other solution for the quadratic equation 3x2 + 5x + 2 = 0. Displaying Complex Results Now solve the equation 2x2 N x + 3 = 0. When you set a+bi complex number mode, the TI-84 Plus displays complex results. 1. Press z † † † † † † (6 times), and then press ~ to position the cursor over a+bi.
6. Press y [ repeatedly until this quadratic-formula expression is displayed: 2 – b + b – 4ac-------------------------------------2a 7. Press Í to find the other solution for the quadratic equation: 2x2 N x + 3 = 0. Note: An alternative for solving equations for real numbers is to use the built-in Equation Solver. Box with Lid Defining a Function Take a 20 cm × 25 cm. sheet of paper and cut X × X squares from two corners. Cut X × 12.
Defining a Table of Values The table feature of the TI-84 Plus displays numeric information about a function. You can use a table of values from the function you just defined to estimate an answer to the problem. 1. Press y - (above p) to display the TABLE SETUP menu. 2. Press Í to accept TblStart=0. 3. Press 1 Í to define the table increment @Tbl=1. Leave Indpnt: Auto and Depend: Auto so that the table will be generated automatically. 4. Press y 0 (above s) to display the table.
Zooming In on the Table You can adjust the way a table is displayed to get more information about a defined function. With smaller values for @Tbl, you can zoom in on the table. 1. Press 3 Í to set TblStart. Press Ë 1 Í to set @Tbl. This adjusts the table setup to get a more accurate estimate of X for maximum volume Y1. 2. Press y 0. 3. Press † and } to scroll the table. Notice that the maximum value for Y1 is 410.26, which occurs at X=3.7. Therefore, the maximum occurs where 3.6
7. Press † to display the other maximum. The value of Y1 at X=3.68 in full precision is 410.264064, at X=3.69 is 410.262318 and at X=3.7 is 410.256. The maximum volume of the box would occur at 3.68 if you could measure and cut the paper at .01-centimeter increments. Setting the Viewing Window You also can use the graphing features of the TI-84 Plus to find the maximum value of a previously defined function.
Displaying and Tracing the Graph Now that you have defined the function to be graphed and the window in which to graph it, you can display and explore the graph. You can trace along a function using the TRACE feature. 1. Press s to graph the selected function in the viewing window. The graph of Y1=(20N2X)(25à2NX)X is displayed. 2. Press ~ to activate the free-moving graph cursor. The X and Y coordinate values for the position of the graph cursor are displayed on the bottom line. 3.
7. Press Í. The trace cursor jumps to the point on the Y1 function evaluated at X=3.8. 8. Press | and ~ until you are on the maximum Y value. This is the maximum of Y1(X) for the X pixel values. The actual, precise maximum may lie between pixel values. Zooming In on the Graph To help identify maximums, minimums, roots, and intersections of functions, you can magnify the viewing window at a specific location using the ZOOM instructions. 1. Press q to display the ZOOM menu.
4. Press p to display the new window settings. Finding the Calculated Maximum You can use a CALCULATE menu operation to calculate a local maximum of a function. 1. Press y / (above r) to display the CALCULATE menu. Press 4 to select 4:maximum. The graph is displayed again with a Left Bound? prompt. 2. Press | to trace along the curve to a point to the left of the maximum, and then press Í. A 4 at the top of the screen indicates the selected bound. A Right Bound? prompt is displayed. 3.
Or, press 3 Ë 8, and then press Í to enter a guess for the maximum. When you press a number key in TRACE, the X= prompt is displayed in the bottomleft corner. Notice how the values for the calculated maximum compare with the maximums found with the free-moving cursor, the trace cursor, and the table. Note: In steps 2 and 3 above, you can enter values directly for Left Bound and Right Bound, in the same way as described in step 4.
Correct Guesses Women Left Women Right Men Left Men Right 7 12 4 8 9 11 10 12 11 12 14 11 13 9 5 9 Procedure 1. Press … 5 to select 5:SetUpEditor. Enter list names WLEFT, WRGHT, MLEFT, and MRGHT, separated by commas. Press Í. The stat list editor now contains only these four lists. 2. Press … 1 to select 1:Edit. 3. Enter into WLEFT the number of correct guesses each woman made using her left hand (Women Left).
Use | and ~ to examine minX, Q1, Med, Q3, and maxX for each plot. Notice the outlier to the women’s right-hand data. What is the median for the left hand? For the right hand? With which hand were the women more accurate guessers, according to the box plots? 9. Examine the men’s results. Redefine plot 1 to use MLEFT, redefine plot 2 to use MRGHT. Press r. Men’s left-hand data Men’s right-hand data Press | and ~ to examine minX, Q1, Med, Q3, and maxX for each plot.
Procedure 1. Press z. Select Func and the default settings. 2. Press o. Turn off all functions and stat plots. Enter the Y= function to describe the fine. Use the TEST menu operations to define the piecewise function. Set the graph style for Y1 to í (dot). 3. Press p and set Xmin=L2, Xscl=10, Ymin=L5, and Yscl=10. Ignore Xmax and Ymax; they are set by @X and @Y in step 4. 4. Press y 5 to return to the home screen. Store 1 to @X, and then store 5 to @Y.
3. Enter the statement of the inequality as Y6. This function evaluates to 1 if true or 0 if false. 4. Press q 6 to graph the inequality in the standard window. 5. Press r † † to move to Y6. Then press | and ~ to trace the inequality, observing the value of Y. 6. Press o. Turn off Y4, Y5, and Y6. Enter equations to graph only the inequality. 7. Press r. Notice that the values of Y7 and Y8 are zero where the inequality is false.
Solving a System of Nonlinear Equations Problem Using a graph, solve the equation x3N2x=2cos(x). Stated another way, solve the system of two equations and two unknowns: y = x 3N2x and y = 2cos(x). Use ZOOM factors to control the decimal places displayed on the graph. Procedure 1. Press z. Select the default mode settings. Press o. Turn off all functions and stat plots. Enter the functions. 2. Press q 4 to select 4:ZDecimal.
9. Press q. Select 2:Zoom In and repeat steps 4 through 8 to explore the apparent function intersection on the left side of the display. Using a Program to Create the Sierpinski Triangle Setting up the Program This program creates a drawing of a famous fractal, the Sierpinski Triangle, and stores the drawing to a picture. To begin, press ~ ~ 1. Name the program SIERPINS, and then press Í. The program editor is displayed.
:Pt-On(X,Y) :End :StorePic 6 Draw point. End of For group. Store picture. After you execute the program above, you can recall and display the picture with the instruction RecallPic 6. Graphing Cobweb Attractors Problem Using Web format, you can identify points with attracting and repelling behavior in sequence graphing. Procedure 1. Press z. Select Seq and the default mode settings. Press y .. Select Web format and the default format settings. 2. Press o.
6. Change K to 3.44 and trace the graph to show a cobweb with two attractors. 7. Change K to 3.54 and trace the graph to show a cobweb with four attractors. Using a Program to Guess the Coefficients Setting Up the Program This program graphs the function A sin(BX) with random integer coefficients between 1 and 10. Try to guess the coefficients and graph your guess as C sin(DX). The program continues until your guess is correct.
:L2p!Xmin :2p!Xmax :pà2!Xscl :L10!Ymin :10!Ymax :1!Yscl :DispGraph :Pause Set viewing window. Display graph. :FnOn 2 :Lbl Z :Prompt C,D Prompt for guess. :DispGraph :Pause Display graph. :If C=A :Text(1,1,"C IS OK") :If CƒA :Text(1,1,"C IS WRONG") :If D=B :Text(1,50,"D IS OK") :If DƒB :Text(1,50,"D IS WRONG") :DispGraph :Pause :If C=A and D=B :Stop :Goto Z Display results. Display graph. Quit if guesses are correct.
Procedure 1. Press z. Select Par, Simul, and the default settings. 2. Press p. Set the viewing window. Tmin=0 Tmax=2p Tstep=.1 Xmin=L2 Xmax=7.4 Xscl=pà2 Ymin=L3 Ymax=3 Yscl=1 3. Press o. Turn off all functions and stat plots. Enter the expressions to define the unit circle centered on (0,0). 4. Enter the expressions to define the sine curve. 5. Press r. As the graph is plotting, you may press Í to pause and Í again to resume graphing as you watch the sine function “unwrap” from the unit circle.
Procedure 1. Press z. Select the default mode settings. 2. Press p. Set the viewing window. Xmin=0 Xmax=100 Xscl=10 3. Ymin=L5 Ymax=10 Yscl=1 Xres=1 Press o. Turn off all functions and stat plots. Enter the upper and lower functions. Y1=300Xà(X2+625) Y2=3cos(.1X) 4. 5. Press y / 5 to select 5:Intersect. The graph is displayed. Select a first curve, second curve, and guess for the intersection toward the left side of the display.
A ferris wheel has a diameter (d) of 20 meters and is rotating counterclockwise at a rate (s) of one revolution every 12 seconds. The parametric equations below describe the location of a ferris wheel passenger at time T, where a is the angle of rotation, (0,0) is the bottom center of the ferris wheel, and (10,10) is the passenger’s location at the rightmost point, when T=0.
4. Press s to graph the equations. Watch closely as they are plotted. Notice that the ball and the ferris wheel passenger appear to be closest where the paths cross in the top-right quadrant of the ferris wheel. 5. Press p. Change the viewing window to concentrate on this portion of the graph. Tmin=1 Tmax=3 Tstep=.03 Xmin=0 Xmax=23.5 Xscl=10 Ymin=10 Ymax=25.5 Yscl=10 6. Press r. After the graph is plotted, press ~ to move near the point on the ferris wheel where the paths cross.
Demonstrating the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Problem 1 Using the functions fnInt( and nDeriv( from the MATH menu to graph functions defined by integrals and derivatives demonstrates graphically that: F(x) = Dx x x ∫1 dt 1 ∫1 --t- dt = ln ( x ) , x > 0 and that 1 = --x Procedure 1 1. Press z. Select the default settings. 2. Press p. Set the viewing window. Xmin=.01 Xmax=10 Xscl=1 3. 4. Ymin=L1.5 Ymax=2.5 Yscl=1 Xres=3 Press o. Turn off all functions and stat plots.
6. Press r. Again, use the cursor keys to compare the values of the two graphed functions, Y3 and Y4. Problem 2 Explore the functions defined by y = x ∫2 2 t dt , x ∫0 2 t dt , and x 2 ∫2 t dt Procedure 2 1. Press o. Turn off all functions and stat plots. Use a list to define these three functions simultaneously. Store the function in Y5. 2. Press q 6 to select 6:ZStandard. 3. Press r. Notice that the functions appear identical, only shifted vertically by a constant. 4. Press o.
Computing Areas of Regular N-Sided Polygons Problem Use the equation solver to store a formula for the area of a regular N-sided polygon, and then solve for each variable, given the other variables. Explore the fact that the limiting case is the area of a circle, pr2. Consider the formula A = NB 2 sin(pàN) cos(pàN) for the area of a regular polygon with N sides of equal length and B distance from the center to a vertex. N = 4 sides N = 8 sides N = 12 sides Procedure 1.
4. Press } } to move the cursor onto A, and then press ă \. The solution for A is displayed on the interactive solver editor. 5. Now solve for B for a given area with various number of sides. Enter A=200 and N=6. To find the distance B, move the cursor onto B, and then press ƒ \. 6. Enter N=8. To find the distance B, move the cursor onto B, and then press ƒ \. Find B for N=9, and then for N=10. Find the area given B=6, and N=10, 100, 150, 1000, and 10000.
Y2=pB2 (the area of the circle) is a horizontal asymptote to Y1. The area of an N-sided regular polygon, with r as the distance from the center to a vertex, approaches the area of a circle with radius r (pr 2) as N gets large. Computing and Graphing Mortgage Payments Problem You are a loan officer at a mortgage company, and you recently closed on a 30-year home mortgage at 8 percent interest with monthly payments of 800.
Now compare the graph of the amount of interest with the graph of the amount of principal for each payment. 4. Press z. Set Par and Simul. 5. Press o. Turn off all functions and stat plots. Enter these equations and set the graph styles as shown. Note: GPrn( and GInt( are located on the FINANCE menu (APPS 1:FINANCE). 6. Press p. Set these window variables. Tmin=1 Tmax=360 Tstep=12 Xmin=0 Xmax=360 Xscl=10 Ymin=0 Ymax=1000 Yscl=100 Note: To increase the graph speed, change Tstep to 24. 7. Press r.
The graph shows that for the 240th payment (X=240), 441.97 of the 800 payment is interest (Y=441.97). 9. Press y 5 Œ Í 9 to paste 9:bal( to the home screen. Check the figures from the graph.
78 Activities
3 Memory and Variable Management Checking Available Memory MEMORY Menu At any time you can check available memory or manage existing memory by selecting items from the MEMORY menu. To access this menu, press y L. MEMORY 1: About... 2: Mem Mgmt/Del... 3: Clear Entries 4: ClrAllLists 5: Archive... 6: UnArchive... 7: Reset... 8: Group... Displays information about the graphing handheld. Reports memory availability and variable usage. Clears ENTRY (last-entry storage). Clears all lists in memory.
Available RAM, Archive, and App Slots The TI-84 Plus / TI-84 Plus Silver Edition has Archive, RAM, and Application (App) slot memory for you to use and manage. The available RAM stores computations, lists, variables, and data. The available Archive lets you store programs, Apps, and groups. The App slots are actually individual sectors of Flash ROM where Apps are stored.
1. Press y L to display the MEMORY menu. Note: The # and $ in the top or bottom of the left column indicate that you can scroll up or down to view more variable types. 2. Select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del to display the MEMORY MANAGEMENT/ DELETE menu. The TI-84 Plus expresses memory quantities in bytes. 3. Select variable types from the list to display memory usage. Notes: Real, List, Y-Vars, and Prgm variable types never reset to zero, even after memory is cleared.
2. Select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del to display the MEMORY MANAGEMENT/ DELETE menu. 3. Select the type of data you want to delete, or select 1:All for a list of all variables of all types. A screen is displayed listing each variable of the type you selected and the number of bytes each variable is using. For example, if you select 4:List, the LIST editor screen is displayed. 4. Press } and † to move the selection cursor (4) next to the item you want to delete, and then press {. The variable is deleted from memory.
ClrAllLists ClrAllLists sets the dimension of each list in RAM to 0. To clear all elements from all lists, follow these steps. 1. Press y L to display the MEMORY menu. 2. Select 4:ClrAllLists to paste the instruction to the home screen. 3. Press Í to set the dimension of each list in memory to 0. To cancel ClrAllLists, press ‘. ClrAllLists does not delete list names from memory, from the LIST NAMES menu, or from the stat list editor.
Variable Type Names Archive? (yes/no) UnArchive? (yes/no) Lists L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, yes yes yes yes and user-defined names Programs Functions Y1, Y2, . . . , Y9, Y0 no not applicable Parametric equations X1T and Y1T, ... , X6T and Y6T no not applicable Polar functions r1, r2, r3, r4, r5, r6 no not applicable Sequence functions u, v, w no not applicable Stat plots Plot1, Plot2, Plot3 no not applicable Graph databases GDB1, GDB2,... yes yes Graph pictures Pic1, Pic2, ...
Archiving and unarchiving can be done in two ways: • Use the 5:Archive or 6:UnArchive commands from the MEMORY menu or CATALOG. • Use a Memory Management editor screen. Before archiving or unarchiving variables, particularly those with a large byte size (such as large programs) use the MEMORY menu to: • Find the size of the variable. • See if there is enough free space.
Note: An asterisk will be displayed to the left of the Archived variable name to indicate it is archived. To archive or unarchive a list variable (L1) using a Memory Management editor: 1. Press y L to display the MEMORY menu. 2. Select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del to display the MEMORY MANAGEMENT/ DELETE menu. 3. Select 4:List to display the LIST menu. 4. Press Í to archive L1. An asterisk will appear to the left of L1 to indicate it is an archived variable.
5. Press y 5 to leave the LIST menu. Note: You can access an archived variable for the purpose of linking, deleting, or unarchiving it, but you cannot edit it. Resetting the TI-84 Plus RAM ARCHIVE ALL Menu Reset displays the RAM ARCHIVE ALL menu. This menu gives you the option of resetting all memory (including default settings) or resetting selected portions of memory while preserving other data stored in memory, such as programs and Y= functions.
Resetting RAM Memory Resetting all RAM restores RAM system variables to factory settings and deletes all nonsystem variables and all programs. Resetting RAM defaults restores all system variables to default settings without deleting variables and programs in RAM. Resetting all RAM or resetting defaults does not affect variables and applications in user data archive. Note: Before you reset all RAM memory, consider restoring sufficient available memory by deleting only selected data.
2. Select one of the following: 1:Vars to display the RESET ARC VARS menu. 2:Apps to display the RESET ARC APPS menu. 3:Both to display the RESET ARC BOTH menu. 3. Read the message below the menu. • To cancel the reset and return to the home screen, press Í. • To continue with the reset, select 2:Reset. A message indicating the type of archive memory cleared will be displayed on the home screen.
Before you reset all memory, consider restoring sufficient available memory by deleting only selected data. To reset all memory on the TI-84 Plus, follow these steps. 1. From the RAM ARCHIVE ALL menu, press ~ ~ to display the ALL menu. 2. Select 1:All Memory to display the RESET MEMORY menu. 3. Read the message below the RESET MEMORY menu. • To cancel the reset and return to the home screen, press Í. • To continue with the reset, select 2:Reset.
3. Press Í to display the GROUP menu. 4. Enter a name for the new group and press Í. Note: A group name can be one to eight characters long. The first character must be a letter from A to Z or q. The second through eighth characters can be letters, numbers, or q. 5. Select the type of data you want to group. You can select 1:All+ which shows all variables of all types available and selected. You can also select 1:All- which shows all variables of all types available but not selected.
Repeat the selection process until all variables for the new group are selected and then press ~ to display the DONE menu. 7. Press Í to complete the grouping process. Note: You can only group variables in RAM. You cannot group some system variables, such as the last-answer variable Ans and the statistical variable RegEQ. Ungrouping Variables Ungrouping allows you to make a copy of variables in a group stored in user data archive and place them ungrouped in RAM.
• When you select 2:Overwrite, the unit overwrites the data of the duplicate variable name found in RAM. Ungrouping resumes. • When you select 3: Overwrite All, the unit overwrites the data of all duplicate variable names found in RAM. Ungrouping resumes. • When you select 4:Omit, the unit does not ungroup the variable in conflict with the duplicated variable name found in RAM. Ungrouping resumes with the next item. • When you select 5:Quit, ungrouping stops, and no further changes are made.
The Garbage Collect? message lets you know an archive will take longer than usual. It also alerts you that the archive will fail if there is not enough memory. The message can also alert you when a program is caught in a loop that repetitively fills the user data archive. Select No to cancel the garbage collection process, and then find and correct the errors in your program. The TI-84 Plus will attempt to rearrange the archived variables to make additional room.
variable D variable A Sector 1 variable B Empty block variable C Sector 2 Depending on its size, variable D is stored in one of these locations. Sector 3 Each variable that you archive is stored in the first empty block large enough to hold it. This process continues to the end of the last sector. Depending on the size of individual variables, the empty blocks may account for a significant amount of space. Garbage collection occurs when the variable you are archiving is larger than any empty block.
When you unarchive a variable, the Archive free amount increases immediately, but the space is not actually available until after the next garbage collection. If the Archive free amount shows enough available space for your variable, there probably will be enough space to archive it after garbage collection (depending on the usability of any empty blocks). The Garbage Collection Process The garbage collection process: • • Deletes unarchived variables from the user data archive.
ERR:ARCHIVE FULL Message Even if the MEMORY screen shows enough free space to archive a variable or store an application, you may still get an ERR: ARCHIVE FULL message. An ERR:ARCHIVE FULL message may be displayed: • When there is insufficient space to archive a variable within a continuous block and within a single sector. • When there is insufficient space to store an application within a continuous block of memory.
98 Memory and Variable Management
4 Communication Link Getting Started: Sending Variables Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. Create and store a variable and a matrix, and then transfer them to another TI-84 Plus. 1. On the home screen of the sending unit, press 5 Ë 5 ¿ ƒ Q. Press Í to store 5.5 to Q. 2. Press y H y H 1 ¢ 2 y I y H 3 ¢ 4 y I y I ¿ y > 1. Press Í to store the matrix to [A]. 3. On the sending unit, press y L to display the MEMORY menu. 4.
7. Connect the graphing handhelds with the USB unit-to-unit cable. Push both ends in firmly. 8. On the receiving unit, press y 8 ~ to display the RECEIVE menu. Press 1 to select 1:Receive. The message Waiting... is displayed and the busy indicator is on. 9. On the sending unit, press y 8 to display the SEND menu. 10. Press 2 to select 2:AllN. The AllN SELECT screen is displayed. 11. Press † until the selection cursor ( 4 ) is next to [A] MATRX. Press Í. 12.
Connecting Two Graphing Handhelds with a USB Unit-toUnit Cable or an I/O Unit-to-Unit Cable USB Unit-to-Unit Cable The TI-84 Plus USB link port is located at the top right edge of the graphing handheld. 1. Firmly insert either end of the USB unit-to-unit cable into the USB port. 2. Insert the other end of the cable into the other graphing handheld’s USB port. I/O Unit-to-Unit Cable The TI-84 Plus I/O link port is located at the top left edge of the graphing handheld. 1.
Linking to a Computer With TI Connect™ software and the USB computer cable that is included with your TI-84 Plus, you can link the graphing handheld to a personal computer. Selecting Items to Send LINK SEND Menu To display the LINK SEND menu, press y 8. SEND RECEIVE 1:All+... 2:AllN... 3:Prgm... 4:List... 5:Lists to TI84... 6:GDB... 7:Pic... 8:Matrix... 9:Real... 0:Complex... A:Y-Vars... B:String... C:Apps... D:AppVars... E:Group... F:SendId G:SendOS H:Back Up...
Note: Each SELECT screen, except All+…, is initially displayed with nothing pre-selected. All+… is displayed with everything pre-selected. To select items to send: 1. Press y 8 on the sending unit to display the LINK SEND menu. 2. Select the menu item that describes the data type to send. The corresponding SELECT screen is displayed. 3. Press } and † to move the selection cursor ( 4 ) to an item you want to select or deselect. 4. Press Í to select or deselect the item.
3. Press Í to select 1:Transmit. The name and type of each item are displayed line-by-line on the sending unit as the item is queued for transmission, and then on the receiving unit as each item is accepted. Note: Items sent from the RAM of the sending unit are transmitted to the RAM of the receiving unit. Items sent from user data archive (flash) of the sending unit are transmitted to user data archive (flash) of the receiving unit.
4. On the other unit, press y 8 ~ to display the RECEIVE menu. 5. Press Í on the receiving unit. 6. Press Í on the sending unit. A copy of the selected item(s) is sent to the receiving unit. 7. Disconnect the link cable only from the receiving unit and connect it to another unit. 8. Press y 8 on the sending unit. 9. Select only the data type. For example, if the unit just sent a list, select 4:LIST. Note: The item(s) you want to send are pre-selected from the last transmission.
4. Select the menu of the items you want to transmit. 5. Press ~ on the sending TI-84 Plus to display the LINK TRANSMIT menu. 6. Confirm that the receiving unit is set to receive. 7. Press Í on the sending TI-84 Plus to select 1:Transmit and begin transmitting. Receiving Items LINK RECEIVE Menu To display the LINK RECEIVE menu, press y 8 ~. SEND RECEIVE Sets unit to receive data transmission.
When you select 3:Omit, the sending unit does not send the data in the duplicated variable name. Transmission resumes with the next item. When you select 4:Quit, transmission stops, and the receiving unit exits receive mode. Receiving from a TI-84 Plus Silver Edition or TI-84 Plus The TI-84 Plus Silver Edition and the TI-84 Plus are totally compatible. Keep in mind, however that the TI-84 Plus has less Flash memory than a TI-84 Plus Silver Edition.
6. Press Í on the receiving unit to continue the backup. — or — Press 2:Quit on the receiving unit to cancel the backup and return to the LINK SEND menu Note: If a transmission error is returned during a backup, the receiving unit is reset. Memory Backup Complete When the backup is complete, both the sending graphing handheld and receiving graphing handheld display a confirmation screen.
• Although a transmission error does not occur, these two conditions may prevent successful transmission. • You try to use Get( with a graphing handheld instead of a CBL 2™ or CBR™. • You try to use GetCalc( with a TI-83 instead of a TI-84 Plus or TI-84 Plus Silver Edition. Insufficient Memory in Receiving Unit • During transmission, if the receiving unit does not have sufficient memory to receive an item, the Memory Full menu is displayed on the receiving unit.
110 Communication Link
A Appendix A: Tables and Reference Information Table of Functions and Instructions Functions return a value, list, or matrix. You can use functions in an expression. Instructions initiate an action. Some functions and instructions have arguments. Optional arguments and accompanying commas are enclosed in brackets ( [ ] ). For details about an item, including argument descriptions and restrictions, turn to the page listed on the right side of the table.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments ANOVA(list1,list2 [,list3,...,list20]) Result Performs a one-way analysis of variance for comparing the means of two to 20 populations. Ans Returns the last answer. Archive Moves the specified variables from RAM to the user data archive memory. Asm(assemblyprgmname) Executes an assembly language program. AsmComp(prgmASM1, prgmASM2) Compiles an assembly language program written in ASCII and stores the hex version.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item bal(npmt[,roundvalue]) Computes the balance at Œ 1:Finance npmt for an amortization CALC schedule using stored 9:bal( values for PV, æ, and PMT and rounds the computation to roundvalue. binomcdf(numtrials,p [,x]) Computes a cumulative y= probability at x for the DISTR A:binomcdf( discrete binomial distribution with the specified numtrials and probability p of success on each trial.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments checkTmr(starttime) Circle(X,Y,radius) Result Returns the number of seconds since you used startTmr to start the timer. The starttime is the value displayed by startTmr. Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item yN checkTmr( Draws a circle with center y < (X,Y) and radius. DRAW 9:Circle( Clear Entries Clears the contents of the y L Last Entry storage area. MEMORY 3:Clear Entries ClockOff Turns off the clock display y N ClockOff in the mode screen.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Connected CoordOff CoordOn Result Sets connected plotting mode; resets all Y= editor graph-style settings to ç . Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item †z Connected † y. Turns off cursor coordinate value display. CoordOff Turns on cursor coordinate value display. CoordOn † y. cos(value) Returns cosine of a real number, expression, or list. ™ cosL1(value) Returns arccosine of a real number, expression, or list.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item dayOfWk(year,month,day) Returns an integer from 1 y N dayOfWk( to 7, with each integer representing a day of the 1:Sunday week. Use dayOfWk( to 2:Monday determine on which day 3:Tuesday... of the week a particular date would occur. The year must be 4 digits; month and day can be 1 or 2 digit. dbd(date1,date2) Calculates the number of Π1:Finance days between date1 and CALC date2 using the actual-day- D:dbd( count method.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments DiagnosticOn dim(listname) Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Sets diagnostics-on mode; y N r, r2, and R2 are displayed DiagnosticOn as regression model results. Returns the dimension of listname. y9 OPS 3:dim( dim(matrixname) Returns the dimension of matrixname as a list. y> MATH 3:dim( length!dim(listname) {rows,columns}! dim(matrixname) Disp Assigns a new dimension (length) to a new or existing listname.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments DrawF expression Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Draws expression (in terms of X) on the graph. y< DRAW 6:DrawF DrawInv expression y< Draws the inverse of DRAW expression by plotting X values on the y-axis and Y 8:DrawInv values on the x-axis. :DS<(variable,value) :commandA :commands Decrements variable by 1; skips commandA if variable < value. B:DS<( e^(power) Returns e raised to power. yJ e^(list) Returns a list of e raised to a list of powers.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments ExpReg [Xlistname, Ylistname,freqlist,regequ] ExprOff ExprOn Result Fits an exponential regression model to Xlistname and Ylistname with frequency freqlist, and stores the regression equation to regequ. Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item … CALC 0:ExpReg † y. Turns off the expression display during TRACE. ExprOff Turns on the expression display during TRACE. ExprOn † y.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item fMin(expression,variable, lower,upper[,tolerance]) Returns the value of variable where the local MATH 6:fMin( minimum of expression occurs, between lower and upper, with specified tolerance. fnInt(expression,variable, lower,upper[,tolerance]) Returns the function integral of expression with MATH 9:fnInt( respect to variable, between lower and upper, with specified tolerance. FnOff [function#, function#,...
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item value4Frac Displays a real or complex number, expression, list, MATH or matrix as a fraction 1:4Frac simplified to its simplest terms. Full Sets full screen mode. †z Full Func GarbageCollect gcd(valueA,valueB) geometcdf(p,x) Sets function graphing mode. †z Func Displays the garbage yN collection menu to allow GarbageCollect cleanup of unused archive memory.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments GetCalc(variable [,portflag]) Result Gets contents of variable on another TI-84 Plus and stores it to variable on the receiving TI-84 Plus. By default, the TI-84 Plus uses the USB port if it is connected. If the USB cable is not connected, it uses the I/O port. portflag=0 use USB port if connected; portflag=1 use USB port; portflag=2 use I/O port.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item getTime Returns a list giving the yN getTime time according to the current value of the clock. The list is in {hour,minute,second} format. The time is returned in the 24 hour format. getTmFmt Returns an integer representing the clock time format that is currently set on the device.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Horizontal y Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Draws a horizontal line at y < y. DRAW 3:Horizontal identity(dimension) Returns the identity y> matrix of dimension rows x MATH 5:identity( dimension columns. :If condition :commandA :commands If condition = 0 (false), skips commandA. :If condition :Then :commands :End :commands :If condition :Then :commands :Else :commands :End :commands † CTL 1:If Then to End if † CTL condition = 1 (true).
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Input [Strn,variable] Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Displays Strn and stores entered value to variable. † I/O 1:Input inString(string,substring [,start]) Returns the character position in string of the first character of substring beginning at start. yN inString( int(value) Returns the largest integer a real or NUM 5:int( complex number, expression, list, or matrix.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Ùlistname Identifies the next one to y 9 five characters as a userOPS created list name. B:Ù LabelOff Turns off axes labels. † y. LabelOff LabelOn Turns on axes labels. † y. LabelOn Lbl label Creates a label of one or two characters. † CTL 9:Lbl lcm(valueA,valueB) Returns the least common multiple of valueA and NUM valueB, which can be real 8:lcm( numbers or lists.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item LinRegTTest [Xlistname, Ylistname,freqlist, alternative,regequ] Performs a linear regression and a t-test. alternative=L1 is <; alternative=0 is ƒ; alternative=1 is >. †… TESTS @List(list) Returns a list containing the differences between consecutive elements in list. y9 OPS 7:@List( List 4 matr(listname1,...
Function or Instruction/ Arguments max(valueA,valueB) Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Returns the larger of valueA and valueB. NUM 7:max( max(list) Returns largest real or complex element in list. y9 MATH 2:max( max(listA,listB) Returns a real or complex list of the larger of each pair of elements in listA and listB. y9 MATH 2:max( max(value,list) Returns a real or complex y 9 list of the larger of value or MATH 2:max( each list element.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments min(listA,listB) Result Returns real or complex list of the smaller of each pair of elements in listA and listB. Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item y9 MATH 1:min( min(value,list) Returns a real or complex y 9 list of the smaller of value MATH 1:min( or each list element. valueA nCr valueB Returns the number of combinations of valueA taken valueB at a time.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments normalcdf(lowerbound, upperbound[,m,s]) Result Computes the normal distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified m and s. Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item y= DISTR 2:normalcdf( normalpdf(x[,m,s]) Computes the probability y = density function for the DISTR 1:normalpdf( normal distribution at a specified x value for the specified m and s. not(value) Returns 0 if value is ƒ 0. value can be a real number, expression, or list.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Output(row,column, "text") Displays text beginning at specified row and column. † I/O 6:Output( Output(row,column, value) Param Pause Pause [value] Plot#(type,Xlistname, Ylistname,mark) Plot#(type,Xlistname, freqlist) Plot#(type,Xlistname, freqlist,mark) Plot#(type,datalistname, data axis,mark) PlotsOff [1,2,3] † I/O Displays value beginning at specified row and column. 6:Output( Sets parametric graphing mode.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item PlotsOn [1,2,3] Selects all stat plots or y, one or more specified stat STAT PLOTS 5:PlotsOn plots (1, 2, or 3). Pmt_Bgn Specifies an annuity due, where payments occur at the beginning of each payment period. Π1:Finance CALC Specifies an ordinary annuity, where payments occur at the end of each payment period.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments prod(list[,start,end]) Prompt variableA [,variableB,...,variable n] 1-PropZInt(x,n [,confidence level]) 2-PropZInt(x1,n1,x2,n2 [,confidence level]) 1-PropZTest(p0,x,n [,alternative,drawflag]) 2-PropZTest(x1,n1,x2,n2 [,alternative,drawflag]) Pt-Change(x,y) Result Returns product of list elements between start and end. Prompts for value for variableA, then variableB, and so on. Computes a oneproportion z confidence interval.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments PwrReg [Xlistname, Ylistname,freqlist, regequ] Pxl-Change(row,column) Pxl-Off(row,column) Pxl-On(row,column) Result Fits a power regression model to Xlistname and Ylistname with frequency freqlist, and stores the regression equation to regequ. Reverses pixel at (row,column); 0 row 62 and 0 column 94. Erases pixel at (row,column); 0 row 62 and 0 column 94. Draws pixel at (row,column); 0 row 62 and 0 column 94.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Radian Sets radian angle mode. †z Radian rand[(numtrials)] Returns a random number between 0 and 1 PRB for a specified number of 1:rand trials numtrials. randBin(numtrials,prob [,numsimulations]) Generates and displays a random real number from PRB 7:randBin( a specified Binomial distribution.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments RecallGDB n Result Restores all settings stored in the graph database variable GDBn. Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item y< STO 4:RecallGDB RecallPic n Displays the graph and y< adds the picture stored in STO 2:RecallPic Picn. complex value 4Rect Displays complex value or list in rectangular format. CPX 6:4Rect RectGC ref(matrix) Sets rectangular graphing † y . RectGC coordinates format. Returns the row-echelon form of a matrix.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments rowSwap(matrix,rowA, rowB) rref(matrix) Result Returns a matrix with rowA of matrix swapped with rowB. Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item y> MATH C:rowSwap( Returns the reduced row- y > echelon form of a matrix. MATH B:rref( R4Pr(x,y) Returns R, given y; rectangular coordinates x ANGLE 5:R4Pr( and y or a list of rectangular coordinates. R4Pq(x,y) Returns q, given y; rectangular coordinates x ANGLE and y or a list of 6:R4Pq( rectangular coordinates.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments 2-SampTTest [listname1, listname2,freqlist1, freqlist2,alternative, pooled,drawflag] (Data list input) 2-SampTTest v1,Sx1,n1, v2,Sx2,n2[,alternative, pooled,drawflag] (Summary stats input) 2-SampZInt(s1,s2 [,listname1,listname2, freqlist1,freqlist2, confidence level]) Result Computes a two-sample t test. alternative=L1 is <; alternative=0 is ƒ; alternative=1 is >. pooled=1 pools variances; pooled=0 does not pool variances.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments 2-SampZTest(s1,s2, v1,n1,v2,n2 [,alternative,drawflag]) (Summary stats input) Sci Select(Xlistname, Ylistname) Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Computes a two-sample z † … test. alternative=L1 is <; TESTS 3:2-SampZTest( alternative=0 is ƒ; alternative=1 is >. drawflag=1 draws results; drawflag=0 calculates results. Sets scientific notation display mode.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item yN setTime(hour,minute, second) Sets the time using an hour, minute, second format. The hour must be in 24 hour format, in which 13 = 1 p.m. setTmFmt(integer) Sets the time format. yN 12 = 12 hour format 24 = 24 hour format setTmFmt( Removes all list names from the stat list editor, and then restores list names L1 through L6 to columns 1 through 6.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments ShadeÜ(lowerbound, upperbound, numerator df, denominator df) Result Draws the density function for the Û distribution specified by numerator df and denominator df and shades the area between lowerbound and upperbound. Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item y= DRAW 4:ShadeÜ( ShadeNorm(lowerbound, Draws the normal density y = upperbound[,m,s]) function specified by m DRAW and s and shades the area 1:ShadeNorm( between lowerbound and upperbound.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments SinReg [iterations, Xlistname,Ylistname, period,regequ] Result Attempts iterations times to fit a sinusoidal regression model to Xlistname and Ylistname using a period guess, and stores the regression equation to regequ. solve(expression,variable, Solves expression for guess,{lower,upper}) variable, given an initial SortA(listname) Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item … CALC C:SinReg † MATH guess and lower and upper bounds within which the solution is sought.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Stop Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Ends program execution; returns to home screen. † CTL F:Stop Store: value!variable Stores value in variable. ¿ StoreGDB n Stores current graph in database GDBn. y< STO 3:StoreGDB StorePic n Stores current picture in picture Picn. y< STO 1:StorePic String4Equ(string,Y= var) Converts string into an equation and stores it in Y= var.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments tcdf(lowerbound, upperbound,df) Text(row,column,text1, text2,...,text n) Result Computes the Student-t distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified degrees of freedom df. Writes text on graph beginning at pixel (row,column), where 0 row 57 and 0 column 94. Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item y= DISTR 5:tcdf( y< DRAW 0:Text( Then See If:Then Time Sets sequence graphs to † y. plot with respect to time.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments T-Test m0[,listname, freqlist,alternative, drawflag] (Data list input) T-Test m0, v,Sx,n [,alternative,drawflag] (Summary stats input) tvm_FV[(Ú,æ,PV,PMT, P/Y,C/Y)] Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Performs a t test with frequency freqlist. alternative=L1 is <; alternative=0 is ƒ; alternative=1 is >. drawflag=1 draws results; drawflag=0 calculates results. †… TESTS Performs a t test with frequency freqlist.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments uvAxes uwAxes 1-Var Stats [Xlistname, freqlist] 2-Var Stats [Xlistname, Ylistname,freqlist] variance(list[,freqlist]) Vertical x Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Sets sequence graphs to † y. plot u(n) on the x-axis and uv v(n) on the y-axis. Sets sequence graphs to † y. plot u(n) on the x-axis and uw w(n) on the y-axis. Performs one-variable analysis on the data in Xlistname with frequency freqlist.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments ZBox ZDecimal ZInteger ZInterval s[,listname, freqlist,confidence level] Result Displays a graph, lets you † q draw a box that defines a ZOOM 1:ZBox new viewing window, and updates the window. Adjusts the viewing †q window so that @X=0.1 ZOOM and @Y=0.1, and displays 4:ZDecimal the graph screen with the origin centered on the screen. Redefines the viewing window using these dimensions: Xscl=10 @X=1 @Y=1 Yscl=10 †q ZOOM Computes a z confidence interval.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments ZoomStat ZoomSto Result Redefines the viewing window so that all statistical data points are displayed. Immediately stores the current viewing window.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments ZTrig Factorial: value! Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item †q ZOOM Replots the functions immediately, updating the window variables to preset values for plotting trig functions. 7:ZTrig Returns factorial of value. PRB 4:! Factorial: list! Returns factorial of list elements. PRB 4:! Degrees notation: value¡ Interprets value as degrees; designates degrees in DMS format. Radian: angler y; ANGLE 1:¡ Interprets angle as radians.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Cube: value3 Returns the cube of a real or complex number, MATH expression, list, or square 3:3 matrix. Cube root: 3‡(value) Returns the cube root of a real or complex number, MATH expression, or list. 4:3‡ Equal: valueA=valueB Returns 1 if valueA = valueB. Returns 0 if valueA ƒ valueB. valueA and valueB can be real or complex numbers, expressions, lists, or matrices.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Greater than or equal: valueA‚valueB Returns 1 if valueA ‚ y: valueB. Returns 0 if TEST valueA < valueB. valueA and 4:‚ valueB can be real or complex numbers, expressions, or lists. Inverse: valueL1 Returns 1 divided by a real or complex number or expression. — Inverse: listL1 Returns 1 divided by list elements. — Inverse: matrixL1 Returns matrix inverted. — Square: value2 Returns value multiplied by itself.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Power of ten: 10^(value) Returns 10 raised to the yG value power. value can be a real or complex number or expression. Power of ten: 10^(list) Returns a list of 10 raised to the list power. yG Square root: ‡(value) Returns square root of a real or complex number, expression, or list. yC Multiplication: valueAävalueB Returns valueA times valueB. ¯ Multiplication: valueälist Returns value times each list element.
Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/Menu or Screen/Item Addition: listA+listB Returns listA elements plus listB elements. Ã Addition: matrixA+matrixB Returns matrixA elements plus matrixB elements. Ã Concatenation: string1+string2 Concatenates two or more strings. Ã Subtraction: valueANvalueB Subtracts valueB from valueA. ¹ Subtraction: valueNlist Subtracts list elements from value. ¹ Subtraction: listNvalue Subtracts value from list elements.
Variables User Variables The TI-84 Plus uses the variables listed below in various ways. Some variables are restricted to specific data types. The variables A through Z and q are defined as real or complex numbers. You may store to them. The TI-84 Plus can update X, Y, R, q, and T during graphing, so you may want to avoid using these variables to store nongraphing data. The variables (list names) L1 through L6 are restricted to lists; you cannot store another type of data to them.
• ZXmin, ZXmax, ZXscl, ZTstep, ZPlotStart, Zu(nMin), and other ZOOM variables. The variables below are reserved for use by the TI-84 Plus. You cannot store to them. n, v, Sx, sx, minX, maxX, Gy, Gy2, Gxy, a, b, c, RegEQ, x1, x2, y1, z, t, F, c2, Ç, v1, Sx1, n1, lower, upper, r2, R2 and other statistical variables. Statistics Formulas This section contains statistics formulas for the Logistic and SinReg regressions, ANOVA, 2-SampÜTest, and 2-SampTTest.
ANOVA( The ANOVA Ü statistic is: FactorMS ErrorMS Ü = -------------------------- The mean squares (MS) that make up Ü are: FactorMS = FactorSS -----------------------Factordf ErrorMS = ErrorSS --------------------Errordf The sum of squares (SS) that make up the mean squares are: I ∑ ni ( xi –x ) FactorSS = 2 i=1 I ErrorSS = ∑ ( ni –1 )Sxi 2 i=1 The degrees of freedom df that make up the mean squares are: Factordf = I – 1 = numeratordf for Ü I Errordf = ∑ ( ni – 1 ) = denominatordf for Ü i=1
Sx1 = Û-statistic = --------- Ü Sx2 df(x, n 1 – 1 , n 2 – 1 ) p = Ûpdf( ) with degrees of freedom df, n 1 – 1 , and n 2 – 1 = reported p value 2-SampÜTest for the alternative hypothesis α p = 2 ∫ σ1 > σ2 . f ( x ,n 1 – 1 ,n 2 – 1 )dx F 2-SampÜTest for the alternative hypothesis F p = ∫ σ1 < σ2 . f ( x ,n 1 – 1 ,n 2 – 1 )dx 0 2-SampÜTest for the alternative hypothesis s1 ƒ s2.
where the computation of S and df are dependent on whether the variances are pooled.
Financial Formulas This section contains financial formulas for computing time value of money, amortization, cash flow, interest-rate conversions, and days between dates. Time Value of Money i = [e ( y × ln ( x + 1 ) ) where: PMT y x C/Y P/Y I% ƒ = = = = = ] –1 0 C/Y ÷ P/Y (.
where: i ƒ 0 N = – ( PV + FV ) ÷ PMT where: i = 0 –i PV + FV PMT = ----- × PV + --------------------------N Gi (1 + i) – 1 where: i ƒ 0 PMT = – ( PV + FV ) ÷ N where: i = 0 PMT × G PMT × G 1 PV = ------------------------i – FV × ------------------- – ------------------------i N i i (1 + i) where: i ƒ 0 PV = – ( FV + PMT × N ) where: i = 0 PMT × G PMT × G N FV = ------------------------i – ( 1 + i ) × PV + ------------------------i i i where: i ƒ 0 FV = – ( PV + PMT × N ) where: i = 0
then: bal( ) = bal ( pmt2 ) ΣPrn( ) = bal ( pmt2 ) – bal ( pmt1 ) ΣInt( ) = ( pmt2 – pmt1 + 1 ) × RND ( PMT ) – ΣPrn( ) where: RND = round the display to the number of decimal places selected RND12 = round to 12 decimal places Balance, principal, and interest are dependent on the values of PMT, PV, æ, and pmt1 and pmt2.
Eff = effective rate CP = compounding periods Nom = nominal rate Days between Dates With the dbd( function, you can enter or compute a date within the range Jan. 1, 1950, through Dec. 31, 2049.
B Appendix B: General Information Battery Information When to Replace the Batteries The TI-84 Plus uses five batteries: four AAA alkaline batteries and one SR44SW or 303 silver oxide backup battery. The silver oxide battery provides auxiliary power to retain memory while you replace the AAA batteries. When the battery voltage level drops below a usable level, the TI-84 Plus: Displays this message when you turn on the unit. Displays this message when you attempt to download an application.
Battery Precautions Take these precautions when replacing batteries. • Do not leave batteries within reach of children • Do not mix new and used batteries. Do not mix brands (or types within brands) of batteries. • Do not mix rechargeable and nonrechargeable batteries. • Install batteries according to polarity (+ and N) diagrams. • Do not place nonrechargeable batteries in a battery recharger. • Properly dispose of used batteries immediately. Do not leave them within the reach of children.
new battery, + side up. Replace the cover and secure it with the screw. Use a SR44SW or 303 (or equivalent) silver oxide battery. 4. Replace the battery compartment cover. Turn the graphing handheld on and adjust the display contrast, if necessary, by pressing y } or †.
ERR:DIM MISMATCH Error Your TI-84 Plus displays the ERR:DIM MISMATCH error if you are trying to perform an operation that references one or more lists or matrices whose dimensions do not match. For example, multiplying L1*L2, where L1={1,2,3,4,5} and L2={1,2} produces an ERR:DIM MISMATCH error because the number of elements in L1 and L2 do not match. ERR:INVALID DIM Error The ERR:INVALID DIM error message may occur if you are trying to graph a function that does not involve the stat plot features.
Backups Your TI-84 Plus is similar to a computer, in that it stores files and Apps that are important to you. It is always a good idea to back up your graphing handheld device files and Apps using the TI Connect™ software and a USB computer cable. You can find the specific procedures for backing up your handheld’s device files and Apps in the TI Connect™ Help file.
3. If the busy indicator (dotted line) is displayed, a graph or program has been paused; the TI-84 Plus is waiting for input. Press Í to continue or press É to break. 4. If a checkerboard cursor ( # ) is displayed, then either you have entered the maximum number of characters in a prompt, or memory is full. If memory is full: • Press y L 2 to display the MEMORY MANAGEMENT / DELETE menu. • Select the type of data you want to delete, or select 1:All for a list of all variables of all types.
Error Conditions When the TI-84 Plus detects an error, it returns an error message as a menu title, such as ERR:SYNTAX or ERR:DOMAIN. This table contains each error type, possible causes, and suggestions for correction. The error types listed in this table are each preceded by ERR: on your graphing handheld display. For example, you will see ERR:ARCHIVED as a menu title when your graphing handheld detects an ARCHIVED error type.
Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies BOUND • In a CALC operation or with Select(, you defined Left Bound > Right Bound. • In fMin(, fMax(, solve(, or the equation solver, you entered lower ‚ upper. BREAK You pressed the É key to break execution of a program, to halt a DRAW instruction, or to stop evaluation of an expression. DATA TYPE You entered a value or variable that is the wrong data type.
Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies DOMAIN • You specified an argument to a function or instruction outside the valid range. This error is not returned during graphing. The TI-84 Plus allows for undefined values on a graph. See Appendix A. • You attempted a logarithmic or power regression with a LX or an exponential or power regression with a LY. • You attempted to compute GPrn( or GInt( with pmt2 < pmt1. DUPLICATE You attempted to create a duplicate group name.
Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies INCREMENT • The increment in seq( is 0 or has the wrong sign. This error is not returned during graphing. The TI-84 Plus allows for undefined values on a graph. • The increment in a For( loop is 0. • You attempted to reference a variable or use a function where it is not valid. For example, Yn cannot reference Y, Xmin, @X, or TblStart. • You attempted to reference a variable or function that was transferred from the TI.
Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies ITERATIONS • The solve( function or the equation solver has exceeded the maximum number of permitted iterations. Examine a graph of the function. If the equation has a solution, change the bounds, or the initial guess, or both. • irr( has exceeded the maximum number of permitted iterations. • When computing æ, the maximum number of iterations was exceeded. LABEL The label in the Goto instruction is not defined with a Lbl instruction in the program.
Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies NO SIGN CHNG • The solve( function or the equation solver did not detect a sign change. • You attempted to compute æ when FV, (Ú…PMT), and PV are all ‚ 0, or when FV, (Ú…PMT), and PV are all _ 0. • You attempted to compute irr( when neither CFList nor CFO is • 0, or when neither CFList nor CFO is • 0. NONREAL ANS In Real mode, the result of a calculation yielded a complex result. This error is not returned during graphing.
Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies STAT You attempted a stat calculation with lists that are not appropriate. • Statistical analyses must have at least two data points. • Med-Med must have at least three points in each partition. • When you use a frequency list, its elements must be ‚ 0. • (Xmax N Xmin) à Xscl must be‚ 47 for a histogram. STAT PLOT You attempted to display a graph when a stat plot that uses an undefined list is turned on.
Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies VARIABLE You have tried to archive a variable that cannot be archived or you have tried to unarchive an application or group. Examples of variables that cannot be archived include: • VERSION Real numbers LRESID, R, T, X, Y, Theta, Statistic variables under Vars, STATISTICS menu, Yvars, and the AppIdList. You have attempted to receive an incompatible variable version from another graphing handheld.
• RegEQ displays up to 14 digits in Float mode. Using a fixed-decimal setting other than Float causes RegEQ results to be rounded and stored with the specified number of decimal places. Xmin is the center of the leftmost pixel, Xmax is the center of the next- to-the-rightmost pixel. (The rightmost pixel is reserved for the busy indicator.) @X is the distance between the centers of two adjacent pixels. • In Full screen mode, @X is calculated as (Xmax N Xmin) à 94.
Function Limits Function Range of Input Values sin x, cos x, tan x 0 |x| < 10 12 (radian or degree) sinL1 x, cosL1 x L1 x 1 ln x, log x 10 L100 < x < 10 100 ex L10 100 < x 230.25850929940 10x L10 100 < x< 100 sinh x, cosh x |x| 230.25850929940 tanh x |x| < 10 100 sinhL1 x |x| < 5 × 10 99 coshL1 x 1 x < 5 × 10 99 tanhL1 x L1 < x < 1 ‡x (real mode) 0 x < 10 100 ‡x (complex mode) |x| < 10 100 x! L.5 _x 69, where x is a multiple of .
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Index Symbols Numerics (- (degrees notation) 149 (- (negation) 151 (– (subtraction) 153 (! (factorial) 149 (! Store 143 (!dim( (assign dimension) 117 (# (not equal to) 150 ($( (square root) 152 (' (minutes notation) 153 ()Int( (sum of interest) 125 ()Prn( (sum of principal) 132 (* (multiplication) 152 (*row( 136 (*row+( 136 (+ (addition) 152 (+ (concatenation) 153 (/ (division) 152 (/ (inverse) 151 (< (less than) 150 (= (equal-to relational test) 150 (> (greater than) 150 (^ (power) 151 ({ (less than or e
Ans (last answer) 81, 112 applications installing 44 running 45 Apps 81 AppVars 81 Archive 83, 112 archive full error 97, 169 garbage collection 94 memory error 94 archived variables 154 Asm( 112 AsmComp( 112 AsmPrgm( 112 augment( 112 Automatic Power Down™ 2 axes, displaying (AxesOn, AxesOff) 112 AxesOff 112 AxesOn 112 B backing up calculator memory 104, 107 bal( (amortization balance) 113 batteries 163 battery precautions 46 binomcdf( 113 binompdf( 113 block 94 building tables 23 C χ²cdf( (chi-square cdf
Equ4String( (equation-to-string conversion) 118 List4matr( (list-to-matrix conversion) 127 Matr4list( (matrix-to-list conversion) 127 P4Rx(, P4Ry( (polar-torectangular conversion) 134 R4Pr(, R4Pθ( (rectangular-to-polar conversion) 137 String4Equ( (string-to-equation conversion) 143 convert time, timeCnv( ) 144 CoordOff 115 CoordOn 115 cos( (cosine) 115 cos/( (arccosine) 115 cosh( (hyperbolic cosine) 115 cosh/( (hyperbolic arccosine) 115 cosine (cos( ) 115 creating new matrices 37 cube (³) 150 cube root (³$(
entering alphabetic characters 4 data into lists 30 expressions 4 lists to plot 33 Equ4String( (equation-to-string conversion) 118 equal-to relational test (=) 150 equation solver 28 error messages 42 errors messages 169 examples—applications area between curves 67 areas of regular n-sided polygons 73 box plots 57 box with lid 50 defining a 50 defining a table of values 51 setting the viewing window 53 tracing the graph 54 zooming in on the graph 55 zooming in on the table 52 cobweb attractors 64 fundamenta
Fix (fixed-decimal mode) 119 fixed-decimal mode (Fix) 119 Float (floating-decimal mode) 119 floating-decimal mode (Float) 119 fMax( (function maximum) 119 fMin( (function minimum) 120 fnInt( (function integral) 120 FnOff (function off) 120 FnOn (function on) 120 For( 120 formulas amortization 160 ANOVA 156 cash flow 161 days between dates 162 interest rate conversions 161 logistic regression 155 sine regression 155 time value of money 159 two-sample F-Test 156 two-sample t test 157 fPart( (fractional part)
int( (greatest integer) 125 integer part (iPart( ) 125 interest rate conversions formula 161 internal rate of return (irr( ) 125 inverse (/) 151 inverse cumulative normal distribution (invNorm( ) 125 invNorm( (inverse cumulative normal distribution) 125 iPart( (integer part) 125 irr( (internal rate of return) 125 IS>( (increment and skip) 125 isClockOn, is clock on 125 K key commands, quick reference 46 L LabelOff 126 LabelOn 126 labels graph 126 program 126 Lbl (label) 126 lcm( (least common multiple) 12
Eng (notation) 118 Fix (decimal) 119 Float (decimal) 119 Full (screen) 121 Func (graphing) 121 G-T (screen) 123 Horiz (screen) 123 importance 20 Normal (notation) 129 Par/Param (graphing) 131 Pol/Polar (graphing) 132 Radian (angle) 135 re^θi (complex polar) 135 Real 135 Sci (notation) 139 Seq (graphing) 139 Sequential (graphing order) 139 Simul (graphing order) 141 multiplication (*) 152 multiplication, example 14 N nCr (number of combinations) 129 nDeriv( (numerical derivative) 129 negation (-) 151 negati
Pxl-Off( 134 Pxl-On( 134 pxl-Test( 134 rref( (reduced-row-echelon form) 137 running applications 45 Q S QuadReg (quadratic regression) 134 QuartReg (quartic regression) 134 quick reference key commands 46 Quit 92, 107 Sci (scientific notation mode) 139 screen display modes 20 second functions 3 second modifier key (y) 3 sector 94 Select( 139 Send( (send to CBL 2/CBL or CBR) 139 SendID 102 SendSW 102 Seq (sequence graphing mode) 139 seq( (sequence) 139 Sequential (graphing order mode) 139 sequential gra
startTmr, start timer 142 statistical list editor 31 statistical variables, calculating 36 stdDev( (standard deviation) 142 Stop 143 Store (!) 143 Store key (v) 30 StoreGDB 143 StorePic 143 storing values 15, 16, 17 String4Equ( (string-to-equation conversions) 143 strings concatenation (+) 153 length (length( ) 126 student-t distribution probability (tcdf( ) 144 student-t distribution probability density function (tpdf( ) 144 sub( (substring) 143 subtraction (–) 153 subtraction and negation, examples 13 sub
user variables 154 uv/uvAxes (axes format) 146 uw/uwAxes (axes format) 146 V variables user and system 154 variance of a list (variance( ) 146 variance( (variance of a list) 146 Vertical (draw line) 146 vw/uvAxes (axes format) 146 W Web (axes format) 146 While 146 X x$ (root) 149 xor (Boolean) exclusive or operator 146 192 Y Y= Editor, clearing 25 Z ZBox 23, 147 ZDecimal 23, 147 ZInteger 23, 147 ZInterval (one-sample z confidence interval) 147 Zoom In (zoom in) 23, 147 Zoom Out (zoom out) 23, 147 Zoom
