Datasheet

P
COND
= (I
OUT
2
x D)
1
3
1 +
x
'i
L
I
OUT
2
R
DSON
D =
V
OUT
+ V
D
+ V
DCR
V
IN
+ V
D
+ V
DCR
- V
SW
D =
V
OUT
+ V
D
V
IN
+ V
D
- V
SW
LM2831
SNVS422C AUGUST 2006REVISED APRIL 2013
www.ti.com
Power loss (P
LOSS
) is the sum of two basic types of losses in the converter: switching and conduction.
Conduction losses usually dominate at higher output loads, whereas switching losses remain relatively fixed and
dominate at lower output loads. The first step in determining the losses is to calculate the duty cycle (D):
(16)
V
SW
is the voltage drop across the internal PFET when it is on, and is equal to:
V
SW
= I
OUT
x R
DSON
(17)
V
D
is the forward voltage drop across the Schottky catch diode. It can be obtained from the diode manufactures
Electrical Characteristics section. If the voltage drop across the inductor (V
DCR
) is accounted for, the equation
becomes:
(18)
The conduction losses in the free-wheeling Schottky diode are calculated as follows:
P
DIODE
= V
D
x I
OUT
x (1-D) (19)
Often this is the single most significant power loss in the circuit. Care should be taken to choose a Schottky
diode that has a low forward voltage drop.
Another significant external power loss is the conduction loss in the output inductor. The equation can be
simplified to:
P
IND
= I
OUT
2
x R
DCR
(20)
The LM2831 conduction loss is mainly associated with the internal PFET:
(21)
If the inductor ripple current is fairly small, the conduction losses can be simplified to:
P
COND
= I
OUT
2
x R
DSON
x D (22)
Switching losses are also associated with the internal PFET. They occur during the switch on and off transition
periods, where voltages and currents overlap resulting in power loss. The simplest means to determine this loss
is to empirically measuring the rise and fall times (10% to 90%) of the switch at the switch node.
Switching Power Loss is calculated as follows:
P
SWR
= 1/2(V
IN
x I
OUT
x F
SW
x T
RISE
) (23)
P
SWF
= 1/2(V
IN
x I
OUT
x F
SW
x T
FALL
) (24)
P
SW
= P
SWR
+ P
SWF
(25)
Another loss is the power required for operation of the internal circuitry:
P
Q
= I
Q
x V
IN
(26)
I
Q
is the quiescent operating current, and is typically around 2.5mA for the 0.55MHz frequency option.
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