CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Software Option Operator's Manual December, 2008
LeCroy Corporation 700 Chestnut Ridge Road Chestnut Ridge, NY, 10977-6499 Tel: (845) 578-6020, Fax: (845) 578 5985 Warranty LeCroy warrants this oscilloscope accessory for normal use and operation within specification for a period of one year from the date of shipment. Spare parts, replacement parts and repairs are warranted for 90 days.
Operator's Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................................................. 5 Overview ...................................................................................................................... 5 Compatibility................................................................................................................ 6 Assumptions .................................................................................
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Isolating and Analyzing CANbus Activity .................................................................. 37 Isolate and Analyze Serial Bus Activity ...................................................................... 37 Reference ............................................................................................................... 45 CANbus TD and TDM Specifications ..........................................................................
Operator's Manual Introduction Several communication protocol types are used in automotive applications. They are used to send data from sensors to electronic control units (ECUs) or from one ECU to another. These protocol types include Controller Area Network (CAN), Local Interconnect Network (LIN), and FlexRay. LIN is a low-cost master/slave system designed for low-cost implementation in vehicles, typically in what is commonly referred to as body electronics.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure packages contain Search capability for specific IDs, Data and Errors and a Table displays summarized protocol data underneath the oscilloscope grid. Compatibility The CANbus TDM option is compatible for WavePro Zi and WaveRunner Xi oscilloscopes. The CANbus TD option is compatible with the WavePro Zi, WaveRunner Xi and WaveSurfer Xs oscilloscopes. CAN triggering is completely integrated with the oscilloscope and no external hardware is required.
Operator's Manual protocol format (as necessary) and decoding. These can be accessed from the Analysis menu. 3. Decode Protocol Selections - As serial decode options are added to your oscilloscope, additional protocol selections are available in a pop-up dialog box within the Serial Decode dialog boxes. Note: SIOP and SSPI are part of the SPIbus TD package. RS232 is part of the UARTRS232bus TD package.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure trigger condition to be set from within the oscilloscope using an easy-to-understand interface. 2. Serial Decode - If this is the first serial decode option you have installed on your scope, an additional set of Serial Decode and Decode Setup dialog boxes are provided for setup of protocol format (as necessary) and decoding. These can be accessed from the Analysis menu. 3.
Operator's Manual Using the CANbus Options Overview of CANbus TD (Trigger and Decode) The CANbus TD option contains powerful software algorithms to extract serial data information from physical layer waveforms measured on your oscilloscope. The extracted information is overlaid (annotated) on the actual physical layer waveforms, and color-coded to provide fast, intuitive understanding. The CANbus TD option allows triggering on CAN Frames and Errors.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Creating a CANbus Trigger Condition The CANbus Trigger dialog, with detail on some of the setup conditions, is shown in the following topics. CANbus Trigger Setup Detail The following topics show the dialog selections for a CANbus Trigger.
Operator's Manual The previously numbered CANbus trigger sections correspond with the following explanations. 1. Source Setup DATA - The DATA field's pop-up dialog is used to select the appropriate channel or EXT input for each. Set this field up with caution or your trigger may not function correctly. Use the Threshold field to adjust the vertical level for the trigger.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Remote - Only Frame ID Setup fields are enabled. Data - Both Frame ID and Data Pattern ID Setup fields are enabled. Error - Triggers only when an error signal occurs. No Frame ID and Data Pattern ID Setup fields are enabled. 4. Setup Format Select either Binary or Hexadecimal (Hex) setup mode. The mode selected propagates through the entire CANbus trigger setup.
Operator's Manual To Frame ID - When using an in range or out of range ID Condition (previous), specify a To Frame ID value for triggering. 6. Data Pattern Setup Fields on this section of the dialog are only enabled when using the Data trigger type. Data Condition - The Data Condition can be set to many different values. The Data condition can be set to <=, <, =, >, >=, not =, in a range, out of a range, or don’t care. DLC - The DLC (data length code) can be set to any integer value from 0 to 8.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure When using an in range or out of range Data Condition (previous), specify a Data Value To value for triggering. CANbus Decode Setup Detail CANbus Decode Setup Right-Hand Dialogs are shown when CAN is selected as the decode protocol. It provides detailed fields and setup conditions as follows: Viewing - The decode format is displayed here as Hexadecimal for CANbus. Bitrate - Adjust the bit rate value here to match the bit rate on the bus you are connected to.
Operator's Manual Adjust knob to adjust. Or touch inside the number area twice and select a value using the pop-up numeric keypad. The set Level appears as a dotted horizontal line across the oscilloscope grid. If your initial decoding indicates that there are a number of error frames, make sure that the level is set to a reasonable value.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Some of this information could be gathered using standard oscilloscope tools, but the accumulation of the data would take hours or days. It is more likely that the engineer would instead gather a very small sample set and skip the statistical evaluation in order to save time. The result is reduced product quality and corresponding greater risk of shipping product that functions incorrectly in some situations.
Operator's Manual CANbus TDM Graphing and Statistical Analysis Histogram - The Histogram displays a statistical distribution of a measurement parameter. Histogram is helpful to understand the modality of a measurement parameter, and to debug the root cause of excessive variation. Trend - The Trend statistical tool visualizes the evolution of a timing parameter over time in the form of a line graph.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure In addition to the Histogram graphing capability, there are also 19 different measurement parameters that apply specifically to Histograms.
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CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure 2. For a specific measurement parameter, touch the parameter icon or parameter name to access the CAN Measurement Select pop-up dialog. 3. From the CAN Select Measurement window, choose a parameter. Touch an icon to select the measurement. 4. Touch the source field to open the Select Source pop-up dialog. Select a category to display the available sources, then select the appropriate source.
Operator's Manual 6. Many parameters (and all CAN-specific parameters) require some additional setup information to be entered in order to work correctly. To access the setup dialog, touch the Setup button.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Setting Up CANbus Parameters using the Measure Setup option You can also set up measurement parameters using the Measure menu as follows: Touch Measure→Measure Setup. select the appropriate CAN or other parameter. For more information, see Parameter Setup in the oscilloscope's Online Help or Operator's Manual. Note: All CAN measurement parameters (with the exception of CAN Load %) calculate as many values as possible during each acquisition.
Operator's Manual Note: Source 1 should always be defined as the CAN Decode source and Source 2 should always be defined as your Analog Signal (either a channel, memory, etc.), regardless of whether you wish to measure from CAN to Analog or Analog to CAN. Analog to CAN values will simply be reported as negative values.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure CAN-to-Analog Parameter Setup To access the setup dialog, touch Setup for that particular parameter on the CAN Measure/Graph Setup dialog. The Px Parameter dialog will be displayed. On the right side of this dialog box, there is an additional setup dialog: The CAN Message tab defines the CAN Message Setup. The Analog Signal tab defines the Analog Signal Setup.
Operator's Manual Select the measurement level as Percent or Absolute, and set a value. Then select the slope of the edge to which you want to measure. The Hysteresis selection imposes a limit above and below the measurement Level, which precludes measurements of noise or other perturbations within this band. The width of the band is specified in milli-divisions. Guidelines for using Hysteresis are as follows: Hysteresis must be larger than the maximum noise spike you want to ignore.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure CANtoCAN Measurement Parameter Setup Detail To access the setup dialog, touch Setup for that particular parameter on the CAN Measure/Graph Setup dialog. The Px Parameter dialog is displayed. On the right side of this dialog box, there is a setup dialog labeled with the measurement parameter name. Touch the tab with the parameter name on it to access the following dialog: The Start Message tab defines the first CAN Message Setup.
Operator's Manual that none of the Start or End condition defined in the right-hand dialog is encountered in the whole record processed by the algorithm. In this case the error message will be "Cannot find Start and/or End condition on input of CAN2CAN or CAN2Analog." Another possible cause is that the time frames of the 2 inputs specified do not overlap at all.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure You must specify the ID length and ID Value for the CAN Messages that you wish to extract data from. The measurement parameter will process all messages meeting the ID condition in the acquisition, and apply the same conversion to them. The conversion process requires the Format in which the value is embedded (Intel or Motorola), the Type of value (Integer of Float) and the bit window occupied by the value.
Operator's Manual Frame type can be ALL, Remote, Data, or Error type. ID conditions can be set, and IDs specified. The operation is much the same as the CAN Trigger setup, so the detail will not be repeated here.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Time from Trigger Point to CAN Message Parameter Time from Trigger Point to CAN Message (Time@CAN) This measurement parameter is used to measure the time from the trigger point to the defined CAN message. The trigger could be a CAN message, a simple edge trigger, or something more complicated, like a Pattern or a Dropout SMART Trigger.
Operator's Manual You can use cursors for making single-shot timing measurements, and measurement parameters when you need to accumulate statistical data over many different acquisitions. In addition, measurement parameters are helpful to determine the underlying integrity of the CAN physical signal.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure For instance, take the example below of an analog signal creating a burst of CAN messages. This data was acquired over a 500 ms duration. It is likely that you want to understand whether the analog signal input to your electronic control unit (ECU) is creating the desired CAN message output from the ECU. There are a number of ways that this could be done.
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CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Using Measurement Parameters You can use measurement parameters to make signal integrity or timing measurements of your CAN Bus system. Basic parameters, such as Amplitude, Rise, Fall, Overshoot, etc. are ideal for signal integrity checks. Timing parameters, such as Delay, Delta Delay, Delta Time @ Level, etc., are ideal for measuring timing from trigger to other signals (such as from a CAN Trigger to an analog signal).
Operator's Manual Peak to Peak - Difference between the Maximum and Minimum data values. Rise (10-90), Rise (20-80), Rise@Level - Transition time on the rising edge. Three selections are available for the user to determine at which vertical level the measurement is made. Top - Value of the uppermost state in a bimodal waveform, such as a CAN Message. Measurement Gating Gating is available on each parameter to allow you to set a measurement window that the parameter should be active in.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure In addition, some optional LeCroy programs add the capability to produce larger histograms and trends of your measurement parameters. If you have this capability, then you can access it through the Measurement Parameter setup dialog (the Px tab). Pass/Fail Analysis with Measurement Parameters Pass/Fail analysis using measurement parameters is simple to set up and powerful.
Operator's Manual Touch Analysis→Pass/Fail Setup to set up pass/fail conditions. Isolating and Analyzing CANbus Activity Isolate and Analyze Serial Bus Activity The combination of Serial Data Triggering, Decoding, and normal oscilloscope features is a powerful combination of tools that can make it very easy to find latent Serial Data HW or SW problems in your circuit. No longer is the oscilloscope a tool just for the hardware engineer.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure 2. Optimize your Sample Rate or Memory Length by accessing the Horizontal Dialog in your oscilloscope and selecting either Set Max Memory mode or Fixed Sample Rate mode. 3. Touch Set Maximum Memory to decrease the memory usage in order to not sample at rates you specify as being too high (high sample rates can slow down the decoding algorithm). Then adjust your time timebase setting to the length needed to capture the event.
Operator's Manual FILL - Auto Save occurs until the hard drive is filled PLEASE NOTE THE FOLLOWING: Choose a Binary file format if you want to recall the traces into a LeCroy oscilloscope for later analysis. Even though the LeCroy oscilloscope hard drives are very large, it is a good idea to make sure that your trigger condition is set correctly before beginning your acquisitions.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Acquisition dead time is kept to a minimum because there are no operations performed during the acquisition. All data for each triggered event is written only into high-speed acquisition memory. Until the entire sequence is completed, there is no updating of the oscilloscope display, or other operations that cause unnecessary dead time. This is ideal for situations when you cannot take a chance on losing data.
Operator's Manual 6. Display an individual segment separately from the main channel display by selecting Math→Math Setup from the menu bar. Then, choose a math trace to define as a Segment (here we’re defining F1 as a Segment of C2).
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Use the channel the serial data was acquired on as a source (in this case Channel 2). Check the TRACE ON checkbox to display the trace. Select a segment to view by touching the Select tab and use either the pop-up keypad or the front panel adjust knob. 7. Set up the Decode to use the Math trace as the source for Data in order to view decoded data on the individual segment (in this case F4 is the source).
Operator's Manual To change the decoded segment, select a new segment from the Math trace dialog (as shown in the preceding step). 8. Conserve display space, by turning off the Channel and selecting only the segment you want to view.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure 9. View the timestamps for each segment by selecting Vertical→Channels Status on the menu bar. On the Show Status portion of the dialog, select Time. A display of timestamp information for each segment in the sequence acquisition is shown. 10. Ten timestamps fit on the display at a time. You can choose which 10 to display by using the Select Segment control. You can also page through the segments one at a time by using the Adjust knob on the front panel.
Operator's Manual Reference CANbus TD and TDM Specifications Note: Specifications are subject to change without notice. Definition Protocol Setup CANbus TD and TDM Select Bitrate (10, 25, 33.333, 50, 83.333, 100, 125, 250, 500, 1000 kb/s or user-defined between 10-1000 kb/s). Decode Capability CANbus TD and TDM Format Hexadecimal Decode Setup Threshold definition required. Default is to Percent amplitude. Select BitRate. Decode Input Any analog Channel, Memory or Math trace.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Trigger Capability CANbus TD and TDM # Data Bytes = 0 to 8. Data can be defined by nibble. Triggers on that data pattern regardless of position. Binary: Any combination of 0,1, or X for 1-64 bits. Triggers on that data pattern regardless of position. Bit Rates 10, 25, 33.333, 50, 83.333, 100, 125, 250, 500, 1000 kb/s or user-defined between 10-1000 kb/s. Trigger Input Any analog Channel or the EXT input.
Operator's Manual Safety Requirements WARNING To avoid personal injury and to prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it, review the following safety precautions. To avoid potential hazards, use this product only as specified.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Appendix A: External Trigger Hardware CANbus TD Standard Hardware The Standard Hardware consists of the following items: Qty. 1: Trigger Module -- The Trigger Module is basically a CAN Node that is set to filter (and provide a triggering signal) when certain conditions are met. It contains a 32bit, 64 MHz microcontroller and two Philips SJA1000 CAN controllers.
Operator's Manual triggered CAN message. sets the horizontal settings to real-time sample mode using 4 channels. if connected to a channel, it also resets various channel settings (interpolation, variable gain, scale and offset, averaging, etc.) to a default value. Qty. 1: USB2.0 Cable -- Provides power to the Trigger Module. Also downloads CAN trigger conditions from the oscilloscope’s CAN Trigger dialog to the Trigger Module. Qty.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Qty. 1: CAN Bus Connection Cable (Low-speed and SingleWire) Qty. 1: Quick Reference Guide Qty. 1: Operator’s Manual Qty.
Operator's Manual Accessories Various accessories are also available to use with the CANbus TD. These are listed below: Trigger Couplers – Trigger Couplers are CAN Transceivers. The Trigger Coupler in the Trigger Module must match the CAN transceiver in the circuit that you are connecting the Trigger Module to. Trigger Couplers can be easily interchanged in the Trigger Module as the need requires.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Connecting the Trigger Module to the Oscilloscope Connect the CANbus TD/TDM Trigger Module and Oscilloscope Interface Module (OIM) to the instrument as follows: 1. Connect the USB2.0 Cable to one of the instrument’s PC-USB ports. 2. Connect the other end of the USB2.0 Cable to the CANbus TD/TDM Trigger Module.
Operator's Manual 3. Connect the CANbus TD/TDM Oscilloscope Interface Module (OIM) to the EXT input of the instrument. Make sure that the top (OIM labeled side) is facing up. Note: Make sure that the OIM is at a right angle to the connector. 4. Connect the 3-pin plug end of the OIM to the Trigger Module. Installing Trigger Couplers UNDERSTANDING WHICH TRIGGER COUPLER IS INSTALLED IN THE TRIGGER MODULE The Trigger Coupler is a CAN Transceiver.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure dialog). With the Trigger Module connected to the instrument, the Trigger Dialog will default to the CAN Trigger tab. 2. On the right hand side of the CAN Trigger dialog, there is a listing of Trigger Couplers. Note the Input # and the Type. If the correct Type of Trigger Coupler is installed, make sure you connect that Trigger Module Input to your circuit using the appropriate cable. 3.
Operator's Manual 2. The housing is shipped with two of the plastic end caps (that cover the screws) uninstalled. If these have been installed by you or someone else, you will need to remove them with a small screwdriver or knife. 3. Unscrew the screws on the DSUB-9 connector side of the Trigger Module using a Philips #1 screwdriver. 4. Slide the tray out of the housing (you may have to pull with some force if it has not been opened before).
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Note: Be sure to avoid touching the bottom or top of the Trigger Couplers or the Trigger Module main boards. If you are unsure, use normal static grounding techniques. 5. The Trigger Coupler is held down with a screw and locknut. Use a Philips #1 screwdriver to remove them. If necessary, carefully remove a Trigger Coupler from the main board, taking care not to touch the bottom of the Trigger Coupler.
Operator's Manual 7. Slide the tray back into the housing, making sure that when the tray is re-installed the USB connector is showing. 8. Push the tray and the housing together, with light pressure. Tighten the screws firmly but not excessively. Connecting the Trigger Module to the CAN Bus Since the Trigger Module is a “node” on the CAN Bus, all of the normal connection rules apply. The bus must be terminated correctly, and CANH, CANL, GND, etc. must be connected to the correct locations.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure 7 CANH Yellow 8 VB+ or VBBATT Red Notes: Connect Pin 3 as necessary, depending on whether it is low sped or single-wire CAN Use for low-speed (1054) or single-wire (GM-LAN, 5790c) CAN (ISO 11898-3, ISO 11519, SAE J2411) Cable Part Number 902381-00 DSUB (9-pin) Pin # Definition Wire Color 2 CANL White 7 CANH Yellow Notes: A 120 ohm terminating resistor is connected across pins 2 and 7, in accordance with IS0 11898.
Operator's Manual TX Flashes when messages are being transmitted Err Flashes when errors occur on the bus If the RX or TX light is flashing when there is CAN traffic on the bus, then you can assume that the Trigger Module connection to the bus is correct. If the Err light is flashing, or if there are no lights flashing, then there is something wrong with the connection of the Trigger Module to the bus.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Cable Set Part Number 902329-00 Quantity Description 1 0.3 m cable with 9-pin DSUB socket connectors on each end, and with pins 2 and 7 connected, including 120 ohm terminations on each end. 1 2 m cable with 9-pin DSUB socket connectors on each end, and with pins 2, 3 and 7 connected (but without 120 ohm terminations). One end has a “Y” connection for parallel connection of multiple nodes. 1 0.
Operator's Manual Viewing the CAN Bus Signal on the Instrument The CANbus TD/TDM Trigger Module input is only providing a trigger signal to the instrument. It doesn’t “pass through” an analog CAN signal to the scope for viewing. Therefore, you must use a probe to connect to the CANH and CANL lines on the CAN Bus. A differential probe is ideal since CAN is a differential signal.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure BASIC INSTRUMENT OPERATION For information on setting up the instrument to view CAN (or other) signals, reference your instrument's on-line help system. Trigger Setup Overview The instrument has a very powerful and flexible CAN trigger that is extremely easy to set up for triggering, using a DBC file and the CAN Symbolic Trigger setup. In addition, Hexadecimal setup is provided.
Operator's Manual actually be anywhere from 61% to 69%), the CAN controller converts the physical layer signal into protocol layer data. It is this protocol layer data that the Trigger Module is matching to the downloaded trigger condition in order to determine whether to output a trigger pulse. The USB2.0 Cable provides power to the Trigger Module. It also permits downloading of trigger conditions from the instrument to the Trigger Module.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Creating a Trigger Condition The CAN Trigger dialog, with detail on some of the setup conditions, is shown in the images that follow: Selection of Frame Type, ID Condition, and Data Condition results in dynamic changes to the CAN Trigger dialog. However, for simplicity’s sake, we will not describe all the possible combinations in this manual.
Operator's Manual checking the “Non-Standard” box and then entering a value using the pop-up keypad. The non-standard bit rates that are available are calculated from the bit timing register values specific to the particular Trigger Coupler (transceiver) that is installed in the Trigger Module. If you enter a value that is not supported, it will default to the closest supported value. Shortcut to Analysis -- This button provides quick access to the CAN Analysis dialog.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure Data condition. The ID condition can be set to <=, <, =, >, >=, not =, in a range, out of a range, or don’t care. ID Bits -- The trigger can be set to trigger on CAN messages with either 11-bits (Standard CAN) or 29-bits (Extended CAN). You can also set the Trigger Module to trigger on a message that meets a condition for either the 11-bit or 29-bit ID.
Operator's Manual Data Value -- The Data Value is set in Hexadecimal format. If you wish, you can precede the ID value with a “0x”, but this is not necessary. Make sure to enter a Data Value that matches the DLC Value. If you have set the Data Condition to INRANGE or OUTRANGE, then you will enter two Data Values. If you wish to set the Data Value in a Binary format, reference the separate section on how to do this.
CANbus Trigger, Decode, and Measure beginning of a data byte. The # Bits can be any value from 1 to 24. If you enter a value less than 1, it will default to 1. If you enter a value more than 24, it will default to 24. If you need to trigger on a data pattern longer than 24-bits, you will need to use the binary trigger setup (reference the separate section on how to set this up).
Operator's Manual The Data Bytes are labeled D0 through D7. The far left bit in each byte is bit 7 and the far right bit is bit 0. A “1” is always a dominant bit, and a “0” is always a recessive bit. An “X” means that the bit can be either a 1 or a 0. Select a bit value by touching the existing value and choosing a value from the pop-up menu. The data bytes shown in the Binary trigger setup dialog are always in LSB (Least Significant Byte) format.
