INTERTWINE TESTING SERVICES Melon Park Designate Radio Modem W/ 3474 Transceiver Date of Test: & Appendix F Users Manual See attached. This manual will be provided to the end-user with each unit sold/leased in the United States.
Copyright Disclaimer This document is copyrighted by Designate Systems Inc, with all rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form without the prior written consent of Designate Systems Inc. Copyright © 1995 1998 by Designate Systems Inc. Ali rights reserved. This manual has been thoroughly reviewed for accuracy, and every effort has been made to ensure that the information is accurate and complete.
FCC Part 15 Part 90 Industry Canada ICES-003 RS-119 Notice Safety Warning Emissions The TS4000 has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part of the FCC rules {Case of Federal Regulations 47CFR Part 15). Operation is subject to the condition that this device does not cause harmful interference. The TS4000 has been type accepted for operation by the FCC in accordance with Part 90 of the FCG rules (47CFR Part 90).
Table of Contents Emissions... FCC Industry Canada Notice Safety Warning. Table of Contents TS4000 Overview introduction Features Radio Modules. Frequency Band Transmit Channel Spacing and Bandwidth, Enclosure Standard .. Watertight. Connections... Serial Port Antenna Connector Power Connection Mounting Configuring the Testing the 754000... Upgrading the TS4000 Firmware Status LESS ...ovvureccanmnncarseas GONE U AE BRRDWWW® Configuration Program Using Help...
Air Net Packet Protocol Overview Configuration Options Packet General Packet for Port. Control and Status Strings. Control Strings. Status Strings .. Master-Slave System Setup Setting Packet Timeout. Data Packet Transmit Time SCAM System Setup Basic System Setup Summary System with Relays Setup Summary Setting Slot Time... Setting Min Idle Slots Setting Tx Index Setting Packet Timeout Data Packet Delay Testing... Aires Data Test. BER Test .
Appendix C Specifications ..c..ccocovnnne Appendix D Case Dimensions... Appendix E PCB Component Locations.
Introduction Features TS4000 Overview The TS4000 Radii Modem is an integrated radio and modem designed for the wireless transmission of digital data. The TS4000 can transfer data at rates greater than 19,200 bits per second. The TS4000 includes a synthesized VHF, UHF or 800 MHz transceiver that can be programmed for up to 99 channels. This product is ideally suited to O Ems and system integrator who require a versatile radio modem in a single package.
Radio Modules Frequency Bands Transmit Power Integrated Air Net Packet Data Protocol un Allows user directed transmissions to only selected destinations. ® Provides addressed communications for devices that are not directly addressable themselves. = Can be optimized for point to point, point to multi-point, and full mesh networks. = Supports group and all-call broadcast transmissions. = Built in CHARISMA algorithm minimizes transmission collisions to maximize channel efficiency and utilization.
power sensing to switch between receive and transmit modes. lt is lase important that the power amplifier has fast power switching so that the TS4000 transmit attack time (amount of time to initiate a transmission) does not have to increased excessively. Channel Spacing and For some frequency bands, there are multiple options for the radio module Bandwidth channel spacing and bandwidth. Channel Spacing The channel spacing defines how close together the channels are within a band (i.e. 12.5 KHz.
Connections Serial Port Antenna Connector Power Connection The TS4000 has two serial ports that provide a data connection between the TS4000 and the host equipment. The serial ports are standard RS-232 asynchronous serial interfaces and are setup as Dc Es. The serial ports provide all the standard RS-232 handshake fines.
Example: Mounting Configuring the TS4000 Testing the TS4000 Power Supply Current The power supply current required depends on the input voltage used. This can be calculated with the following formula. Max Power Supply Current (amps} = Max Power (watts) / Input Voltage Max Power = 10 watts (The actual value depends on the particular radio module in the TS4000). Power Supply Voltage = 20 vomits Max Power Supply Current = 10/20 = 0.
Upgrading the The TS4000 comes with flash program memory that allows the firmware to be easily upgraded in the field. Firmware is upgraded with the upgrade program TS4000 Firmware which is included as part of the TS4000 configuration program. The upgrade program is started with the Upgrade Firmware button on the main screen of the configuration program (See Upgrading Firmware).
Using Help System Requirements Installation TS4000 to PC Serial Port Connection Configuration Program The configuration program is used to configure the T84000 for operation. Configuring the TS4000 consists of independently configuring both the modem operation and the radio frequency channels. The configuration program consists of controls and menus. The controls set the configuration and test options. The menus (line items at the top of the screen) executes program commands.
connection is broken (using the Disconnect command from the Modem menu or the Disconnect button}. : The configuration of the TS4000 can be read out of the modem by selecting the Programming and Retrieve Configuration command from the Modem menu or by pressing the Retrieving Retrieve Configuration button. Configurations _— J To program a configuration into the TS4000, use the Program Configuration command from the Modem menu or the Program Configuration button.
Diagnostics Ee Command Diagnostics Retrieve Hardware Configuration Retrieve Radio Configuration The configuration program can access diagnostics information from the TS4000. This is done using commands under the Modem menu or the corresponding buttons. Action Run, read and display diagnostic status of the TS4000. The diagnostics tests the major components of the modem and also monitors the power supply voltages. Read and display the hardware configuration.
R-232 Serial Port Basics Connectors DCE vs. DTE Asynchronous Data Flow Control Serial Port The serial port provides an asynchronous data connection between the TS4000 and the host equipment. The TS4000 serial port is a standard RS-232 serial port with a number of options to allow connection to a wide variety of serial host equipment. The E1A (Electronic Industries Association) RS-232C standard is a standard for short distance (less than 50 feet) serial communications.
Serial Port Connector Signal Levels Signal Options receive data. Deactivating the flow control signal indicates that the port can no longer receive data because its buffer Is full or close to full. “The most common form of hardware flow control, and the ane used by most full duplex wired {as opposed to wireless) modems, is RESTRICTS. With RESTRICTS flow control, RTS provides flow control for the DTE and CTS provides flow control for the DCE.
RI Pin Signal Options The RI (Ring Indicator) pin is pin 8 of a standard 9 pin sub miniature D connector and is an output for Edges (the TS4000). For the TS4000, the RI pin is normally setup as a power input pin. This is non-standard use of this pin and therefore care should be taken when connecting the TS4000 to other serial devices.
Baud Rate List Data Bits Parity Protocol Options The baud rate list provides selection of the serial port asynchronous baud rate. The available selections are 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 and 38400 baud. These options set the number of data bits in each asynchronous character. These options set the parity of the asynchronous characters.
Wait For Compete Burst Before Beginning Transmission Receive Data Protocol DCD Line Control This option only has effect if packet operation is not enabled. Selection Description Disabled The modem begins transmitting as soon as it receives the first non-control character of a transmit burst. Enabled The modem waits for a complete transmit burst before it begins transmitting.
CTS Line Control DSR Line Control Selection Always Active Active when Transmitter is Sending Data Active when Transmitting Delayed RTS Deactivate when Transmit Buffer is Full Selection Active when Operational Active when Transmitting Active when Receiving Description The CTS line is active.
Configuration Options Modulation Radio Setup The radio setup requires setting the modem configuration options and also setting the radio frequencies. The modem configuration options are accessed on the Radio tab of the Modem Configuration. The frequency programming is accessed with the Frequency Configuration button on the main screen of the configuration program. The radio configuration options set the operation of the radio.
Selection Description 4 Level FSK Four level FSK modulation. This is the most spectral efficient modulation. Therefore, this modulation allows the highest data rate for a given occupied bandwidth. However, it also requires the highest receive signal level to achieve a given BER (Bit Error Rate). OMSK Gaussian Minimum Shifted Keyed modulation with BT = 0.3. This is the less spectral efficient than 4 Level FSK modulation and more spectral efficient than MKS modulation.
Transmit Power Additional Transmit Attack Time Enable Coding Data Scramble Code Frequency Programming This sets the transmit power level. The maximum transmit power that can be set depends on the specific radio module in the TS4000. Therefore the maximum value that can be set is listed only when the configuration program is connected to the T4000. “This is additional attack time added to the radio transmission process.
Radio vs. File Settings Channel Switching RTC 462 000800 pinks nd Hi sar #H4 HBR Hak HE gid Hay HERE HE ARABS Hid HEL BHM SHRIKES Hi pane HUE Ree BEE HARE HH phe HER SHEERS BEE BERATE HEH parer He ARE HE gaping HHH BRETHREN skein HH afghan Hil DNA Hi Ban BiH HER ERR BiH RENEE Hi gun HH HERE fin drunk HEH RECURRED HHS gan # HEH The minimum and maximum frequencies and the channel spacing depend on the specific radio module in the TS4000.
Invalid Channel Selection If a frequency channel is selected that has not been programmed with valid frequencies, the modem will not receive or transmit and the RX and TX LED will alternately flash, Channel at Power Up The channel that the TS4000 activates at power up depends on the setting of the Frequency Channel at Power Up control.
Overview Packet Basics Addressable Acknowledgment and Retries Channel Access Air Net Packet Protocol Air Net is an embedded packet protocol available in some Designate Systems modems. Air Net provides a complete protocol that manages the end to end data transfers of wireless networks. The Air Net protocol is flexible and configurable so that it can be used with any host (user) system or network architecture.
Store and Forward Relay In many networks some nodes are unable to directly communicate with all other odes in the system due to insufficient RF coverage. To combat this many systems use frequency translating repeaters that are located at advantaged {mountaintop} locations. In some situations, the use of a repeater may be logistically difficult and may not completely solve all propagation problems. The Air Net protocol provides an option where nodes can be set up as store and forward relays.
Configuration Options Packet General These configuration options are set using the Packet General tab of the Modem Configuration. Er Packet Activate _ Selection Description Enable Packet This activates packet operation for alf user data. Operation Medium (Channel) Access The type of Medium Access Control (MAC) determines how a modem decides Control (MAC) when to transmit packets. This effects the transmission of both data and acknowledgment packets.
SCAM MAC Setup Control Slot Time Min Idle Slots Tx Index Description This sets the transmit slot time (see Setting Slot Time). This sets the minimum number of ide slots before a modem attempts transmission {see Setting Min Idle Slots). If the minimum number of idle slots is set to zero the modem randomizes its transmission attempts with the first slot after the channel becomes idle. For values greater than zero, the modem waits that many slots before randomizing its transmission attempts.
Individual Packets Relay Activate Individual Relay Addresses Packet for Port Modem Address Multi cast Group Reception Selection None Some All Description No individually addressed packets are relayed. The individual packets that are relayed is determined by the individual relay addresses control. Al individually addressed packets are relayed. The exception is packets whose final destination is the relay node. “This control consists of a list of address ranges.
Packet Operation Default Transfer Control Enable Multi cast Reception Multi cast Groups Description This control enables the multi cast capability of the modem and also enables the entry of multi cast groups. This control is a list of multi cast addresses. These addresses have the same range as the group addresses. The user can use as few or as many {up to the list size} multi cast groups as desired. By default, a modem accepts two kinds of broadcasts. m Network broadcasts are received by all modems.
Selection Individual Transfer Individual Transfer wio Acknowledge Group Broadcast Description This is a standard point to point data transfer with acknowledgments, This is a point to point data transfer but without any acknowledgments. This implies that there are no transmit retries if the packet is received with errors. This is a broadcast to a group of modems. Receiving modems will accept two types of group broadcasts.
SCAM MAC Setup Control and Status Strings Control Strings Control Description Min Idle Slots This sets the minimum number of idle slots before a modem attempts transmission (see Setting Min Idle Slots). If the minimum number of idle sits is set to zero the modem randomizes its transmission attempts with the first slot after the channel becomes idle. For values greater than zero, the modem waits that many slots before randomizing its transmission attempts.
Control String SNOT snail +TSNCygiii SGT +TSGAgy GATSBY fagging +T88nn Status Strings Status String +TSIAggiil snagging gagging Baggies +TSSFnn +TS8Pnn Description Set for individual without acknowledgment transfer. Set for individual without acknowledgment transfer with address change. The three address characters change the individual destination address. Set for individual without acknowledgment transfer with complete address change.
Master-Slave System Setup Setting Packet Timeout Example: A master-slave system is one where the host application is designed so that only one node will ever attempt to transmit at a given time. An example of this type of system is a polled system with a base station that sequentially poles a number of remote nodes. In this case the base always initiates a poet and the remotes respond with the desired data.
Data Packet Transmit Time Example: SCAM System Setup For a master-slave system, the data packet transmit time is constant for a given packet size. As long as the channel is not busy, a data packet will be sent immediately upon becoming available for transmission. Calculating the delay is very scimitar to the calculation for the packet timeout time above.
Basic System Setup Summary Slot Time Min Idle Slots Tx Index Packet Timeout modems randomize their transmissions once they detect an idle channel. In each slot after a modem detects an idle channel, it will decide with some probability (based on the Transmission index) whether or not to transmit. This does not eliminate collisions, but, if the probability is set correctly, minimizes the collisions 10 allow for efficient multi-access use of the radio channel.
System with Relays Setup Summary Slot Time Min Idle Slots Tx index ACK Packet Transmit Time = ACK Packet Length / Channel Rate ACK Packet Length -Encoded = 16 bytes x 8 bits per byte = 128 bits -Coded = 128 bits x 1.5 = 192 bits The following is a summary of the suggested settings for a system that has ons or more store and forward relays. Note that more detail on the parameters and equations can be found later in this section, Slot Time = Attack Time + Maximum Carrier Detect Time Variation = 1.
Packet Timeout Packet Timeout = Relay Delays for Data Packet + Ack Packet Delay at Destination Nods + Relay Delays for ACK Packet Where: Relay Delays for Data Packet = Relay #1 Data Packet Delay + Relay #2 Data Packet Delay + Relay #Y Data Packet Delay Relay #Y Data Packet Delay = Decay Time + (Y x Slot Time) + Attack Time + Data Packet Transmit Time Data Packet Transmit Time = Data Packet Length / Channel Rate Data Packet Length = (Data Bits + Overhead Bits) x Framing Overhead x Coding Overhead Overhead Bi
Setting Min Idle Slots Systems without Relays Systems with Relays Min idle Slots Slot Time = Attack Time + Maximum Carrier Detect Time Variation = 1.5 x Attack Time Attack Time = Tx Attack Time + Additional Transmit Attack Time Tx Attack Time is a fixed value that is preset for the radio in the TS4000. This value can be read out of the T84000 using the retrieve radio configuration menu of button. The Additional Transmit Attack Time is the value set on the radio tab of the modem configuration.
Tx Index Tx Index Relays (All) = 1 (Always transmit in their assigned slot) Tx Index ACK Packets = 1 (Always transmit in the first soot) Tx Index Data Packets = Attempt Rate (see Setting Tx Index) Setting Tx Index The transmission index (Tl) is the inverse of the probability of transmitting in an idle slot. corresponds to a 1/10 = 10% chance of transmitting in an idle slot. The goal of setting Tl is to maximize efficiency on the channel. If This set 100 low then transmissions collide too often.
To finally calculate the transmission index we need to estimate the number of backlogged nodes {the number of nodes that may want to transmit at the same time). The difficulty in estimating this value is that for most systems this number is dynamic and can change dramatically depending on what is occurring in the system.
Setting Packet Timeout Systems without Relays Systems with Relays The packet timeout timer is used for individual packets that expect an acknowledgment (ABACK. This timer is started after a data packet is sent. lf an ACK is not received before the timer expires then a retry transmission of the data packet is sent. This timer should be set longer than the worst case typical amount of time it takes to receive an ACK packet.
Data Packet Delay Average Delay Data Packet Transmit Time = Data Packet Length / Channel Rate Data Packet Length = (Data Bits + Overhead Bits) x Framing Overhead x Coding Overhead Overhead Bits = 14 bytes x 8 bits per byte = 112 bits Framing Overhead = 1.1 Coding Overhead (optional) = 1.
Example: Probable Delay Example: Average Delay = Slot x {1 + PDR PAN, PDR x Where: In symbolizes the natural log function. Using the values from the previous example, calculate the average delay for various backlogs. Slot = Slot Time 0.03 sec PDR = Packet Detection Ratio = 0.33 (from previous example) Ti = Transmission Index = 44 (from previous example} PR = (T10.977 Average Delay = Slot x (1 + PDR PRN) = 0.03(1 + 0.33 0.977) PDR x 0.33 0.977) = 0.977Ny 0.
Testing Air Test The TS4000 configuration program is provided with Air Test, Designation's general fries purpose wireless modem test software. Air Test can send data and gather performance statistics about the link between two modems. To start Air Test press the Air Test button on the main screen of the configuration program. For details on using Air Test consult Air Test's on fine help.
The longer a BER test runs the more accurate the result. To get an accurate result a BER test should be run until at least 100 errors have been received. This provides a 80% confidence level in the BER value. However, in a relatively error free environment this can take a very long time. An alternative is io run the BER test until at least 10 errors have been received which provides a 68% confidence level. Air Test can be setup to run a BER test.
Upgrading Upgrading Firmware The TS4000 comes with flash program memory that allows the firmware to be easily upgraded in the field. Firmware is upgraded with the upgrade program which is included as part of the TS4000 configuration program. _TS4000 Configuration [Upgrade Firmware] [Et 1) Attach the TS4000 to a PC serial port. 2) Start the upgrade program by pressing the Upgrade Firmware bunion on the main screen of the configuration program. 3) Select the firmware version to upgrade to.
User’s License Channel Spacing and Occupied Bandwidth Licensing To be operated legally, radio equipment requires two types of licensing; the manufacturer's license that the manufacturer obtains and the user license that the user must obtain. For most radio equipment, the user is required to obtain an operating license. This is done so that the government can coordinate radio users in order to minimize interference.
USA (FCC) Licensing Service Companies Phone Numbers International Manufacturer's License USA (FCC) Part 15 Part 90 Industry Canada ICES-003 RS-119 licensed channel or channels shows up on the license form that is received when the FCC (or other appropriate licensing agency) grants a license, The T54000 is licensed under the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) Part 90 rules. The FCC regulates the operation and licensing of radio equipment in the US.
International Many countries allow radio equipment that meets the FCC rules to be operated. However, some countries have their own rules which radii manufactures must comply with. It is the user's responsibility to ensure that the TS4000 meets the required regulations.
Service and Support We at Designate Systems are committed to providing excellent service and support to our customers. Our goal is to make using our products as easy and painless as possible. To accomplish this Designate provides free technical support for all our products during all phases of sales, installation, and use. : Service and technical support can be reached during our normal business hours Contacting (Pacific Standard Time) Monday through Friday.
Two Year Warranty Exclusions Limitations Warranty Designate Systems Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of two (2) years from the date of shipment. During the warranty period, Designate Systems Inc.
Standard Case Appendix A Serial Port Connector The standard case uses a 9 pin sub miniature D connector with female pins for each serial port. Serial Port 1 Pin out Pin __ Signal Direction Notes 1 DCD Data Carrier Detect Output 2 RXD Receive Data Output 3 TXD — Transmit Data Input 4 DTR Data Terminal Ready Input [112 Alt) Modem Power input 5 Ground 6 DSR Data Set Ready Output [1131 Alt) Always in the high state.
Notes: Pin Port Signal Direction Wire Color [S] Notes 9 1 Modem Power Input TBD [14] Alt) DSR Data Set Ready ~~ Output 10 2 DCD Data Carrier Detect Output 12 RXD Receive Data Output 12 2 TXD Transmit Data Input 13 2 DTR Data Terminal Ready Input 14 Ground 15 2 DSR Data Set Ready Output [1113] Alt} Always in the high state. Output 16 2 RTS Request to Send Input 17 2 CTS Clear to Send Output 18 Ground 19 Medea Power input ul 2 These pins have multiple infernal signals that they can be connected to.
Standard RS-232 Serial Port Pin out Standard Usage of the RS-232 Control Signals Signal Levels RS-232 Signal Levels Signal Name Signal Connector Pin out Direction Mnemonic 8 Pin 25 Pin DCE DTE Signal Ground Transmit Data TXD 3 2 Input Output Receive Data RXD 2 3 Output Input Request to Send RTS 7 4 Input Output Clear to Send CTS 8 5 Output Input Data Carrier Detect DCD 1 8 Quip Input Ring Indicator R! 9 22 Quip input Data Set Ready DSR 6 6 Output Input Data Terminal Ready DTR 4 20 Input Output Signal Descri
TTL Signal Levels Signal Polarity Level {volts DC) Type Low High Output (Driver) 0.010 +0.4 +3.0 to +5.0 (sinking {sourcing Input {Receiver) -25th +0.8 +2.4 ohm load) The signal polarity is the same for both RS-232 and TTL operation.
Data Interface Radio General (varies based on specific model) Channel Options Optional Packet Protocol General Appendix C Specifications Data Rates Data Format Signal Levels Handshake Protocols Data Only Time Qut Data Connector Frequency Ranges Number of Channels Channel Spacing Channel Rate Modulation RF Output Power Receive Data Sensitivity Carrier Detect Threshold RF Connector Data Protocol Data Security FEC (Coding) Channel Access Protocol Packet Size Retries Address Space Transfers Relay Operation Supp
INTERTWINE TESTING SERVICES Melon Park Designate Radio Modem W/ 3474 Transceiver Date of Test: & Appendix H Relevant Components Specification Sheets See attached.
