Manual

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MAIN PAGE
Reference Level
Reference Level defines the standard operating
level, and scales the Threshold and Target
Level parameters of the Loudness control and
Multiband section accordingly. The Threshold of
the Limiter is not influenced by this setting, but
isalwaysrelativeto0dBFS.
Analog vs. Digital level
If you use analog interfacing, remember to
always define the relationship between absolute
analog and digital level before adjusting param-
eters in the Engines.
TypicalanalogI/Olevelscalingwouldbe+24
dBuintheAmericasandsomepartsofAsia,
and+18dBuinEurope,Japanandsomeparts
of Asia.
Note 1:Becarefulwhenswitchingbetween
configurations. Going from Dual Mono to Stereo
will result in parameter settings of the left (or
“A”)channelbeingcopiedtotheright(or“B”)
channel. Going from Dual Mono to Stereo and
back to Dual Mono will therefore overwrite the
originalsettingsfortherightchannel(or“B”
channel)!
Configuration
Note 2: In all configuration modes, linking of
theBrickwallLimiterissetseparatelyonthe
Limiter page. Some broadcasters like the sound
of operating left and right limiting without stereo
coupling because they feel that it maximizes
loudness and widens the stereo image.
On dual mono sources, of course you should
always choose un-linked Limiter operation.
Processing Overview
LOUDNESS PAGEMAIN PAGE
Target Level
Range:+10dBto-10dB
This is the level the Loudness controller will
aim at. Target Level is relative to Reference
Level on the Main Page. Add Target Level
to Reference Level to calculate the target
loudness level. When Loudness Measure is set
toBS.1770-2,thecalculationwillhavetheunit
“LUFS”, also known as “LKFS”.
Example:WhenusingtheBS.1770-2measure,
withReferenceLevelat-20dBFSandTarget
Levelat-1dB,theloudnesssectionofDB2
targets a loudness of -21 LUFS (the same as
-21 LKFS).
Max Reduction
Range:-20dBto0dB
This is the maximum attenuation the Loudness
Controlisallowedtoperform.Ifsetto0.0dB,
the Loudness Control cannot attenuate the
signal at all. The level diagram on the next
page is shown with Max Reduction set at 0.0
dB.
Max Gain
Range:0to+20dB
This is the maximum gain the Loudness Control
isallowedtoperform.Ifsetto0.0dB,the
Loudness Control cannot add gain to the signal
at all.
Configuration
– Stereo: In this mode, the Loudness, EQ
and Multiband sections operate in tandem:
Whatever gain change is applied to one
channel, is applied to the other. Also, many
parameters have mutual left and right
controls.
– Dual Mono: In this mode, the Loudness, EQ
and Multiband sections treat the two Input
signals completely independently.
– Stereo Wide: In this mode, the apparent
width and image of stereo signal can be
altered simultaneously with controlling
loudness and peak level. The left and right
signal is internally de-composed into an M
(= Mono) and S (Stereo) component, and
reverted to left and right signals before peak
limiting on the Output.
– Sum Mono: Left and right channels are
summed after Delay, Filters and AGC.
– Left Mono: Only the left channel is being
processed.
– Right Mono: Only the right channel is being
processed.