SAFETY FIRST Bulk Tank Safety Data Special Notice This booklet is intended for personnel who are familiar with cryogenic liquefied gases and the handling of cryogenic fluids. If you are not familiar with the principles of operation and safe practices for this equipment, we urge you to read and fully understand the Safety Precautions and reference publications and reference publications in this manual before attempting operation or maintenance.
Table of Contents Principles of Safe Operation ........................................... 3 Safety Precautions Liquefied Gases ............................ 3 Installation Safety ............................................................ 9 Functional Descriptions ................................................... 10 Initial Filling Safety .......................................................... 12 Maintenance Safety ........................................................ 13 Moving the Tank ........
Principles of Safe Operation Cryogenic systems present potential hazards which the users must understand and consider when operating such systems. Thorough understanding of the potential hazards and the safety precautions necessary to prevent accidents is absolutely essential. All persons involved in the operation and maintenance of the system must read and understand the safety precautions contained in this booklet and the reference publications listed herein.
gas exists. Safety goggles or a face shield should be worn around cryogenic equipment. Ejection or splashing may occur, or cold gas may be released from equipment. Clean insulated gloves that can be easily removed and long sleeves are recommended for arm protection. Cuffless trousers should be worn outside boots or over the shoes to shed spilled liquid. If clothing should be splashed with liquid oxygen or otherwise saturated, the clothing will be highly flammable and easily ignited.
Observe safety codes when locating oxygen equipment. Prior to installation, become thoroughly familiar with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard No. 50, Bulk Oxygen Systems (see page 15), and with all local safety codes. The NFPA Standard covers the general principles recommended for installation of bulk oxygen systems on industrial and institutional consumer premises.
Keep air and other gases away from liquid hydrogen. The low temperature of liquid hydrogen can solidify any gas except helium. Solidified gases and liquids allowed to form and collect can plug pressure-relief passages and foul relief valves. Plugged passages are hazardous because of the continual need to relieve excess pressure produced as heat leaks into the continually evaporating liquid.
Observe safety codes when locating hydrogen equipment. Before locating liquid hydrogen equipment, refer to National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard No. 50B, Liquefied Hydrogen Systems at Consumer Sites (see page 15). Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide cannot be detected by the human senses and will be inhaled like air. If adequate ventilation is not provided, carbon dioxide may displace normal air without warning that a life-depriving atmosphere is developing.
and safe practice for Carbon Dioxide equipment, we recommend that you read CGA Pamphlet G-6 available from the Compressed Gas Association, Inc. (see page 15). Nitrous Oxide Nitrous oxide has no color, no odor and practically no taste. It is obtained by thermal decomposition of ammonium, which yields nitrous oxide and water. Due to the toxic impurities produced in this process, the water is condensed out and the gas is passed through scrubbing towers to remove impurities. Keep equipment area well ventilated.
Installation Safety Installation Drawings Dimension and connection data for this tank can be found on the General Arrangement drawing supplied with each tank. Additional copies of these drawings can be purchased from the factory. Please include information on tank model number, part number, serial number and project number, if known, in drawing requests.
Note If the tank is empty and warm, vacuum space pressure will tend to be high because of the release of gasses from the absorbent package inside the vacuum space. Vacuum level should decrease to an acceptable level when the liquid container is filled with cold product. Note An abnormally high vacuum reading without other evidence of vacuum loss (excessive pressure, rapid venting, etc.) may be caused by a fault in the gauging equipment or by improper operation of the equipment.
Functional Descriptions Vacuum System Taylor-Wharton tanks are vacuum-sealed. The space between the casing and the liquid container is filled with high quality insulation, pumped to a high vacuum, and sealed at the factory. An absorbent is factory installed in the vacuum space to help maintain the vacuum by absorbing any outgassing from the materials in the vacuum space. The evacuation valve is sealed at the factory, but may be used for field re-evacuation by qualified personnel if necessary.
Pressure Building Circuit The pressure building system provides a means of maintaining tank pressure at a preset value during product withdrawal. This system operates when the pressure building isolation valves are opened. Liquid flows through the pressure regulator to the pressure building vaporizer. The resulting gas flows to the top of the liquid container, increasing tank pressure. When the pressure reaches the setting of the regulator, it closes to prevent further flow of liquid into the systems.
The tank was pressurized at the factory with nitrogen gas. If the tank is to be filled with any other product, the nitrogen gas must be purged from the tank. Purge with product gas until analysis indicates acceptable purity. Caution To avoid injury, do not touch fill hose or connections with bare hands. During filling, these parts are cooled extremely low temperatures. See Safety Precautions for recommended protection.
Maintenance Safety Never allow persons that are not adequately trained and properly supervised to attempt maintenance or operation of this equipment. Follow all safety precautions in this booklet and cited reference publications when making repairs to this cryogenic storage tank.
Casing Safety Device When the safety device has ruptured or leakage is caused by corrosion or other damage, the safety device assembly must be replaced Warning Do not start any cutting of welding work until gaseous concentration in the insulation space has been checked for combustibles. If necessary, purge insulation space with dry nitrogen gas until combustible gases have been eliminated. Do not allow pressure in the insulation space to exceed the pressure in the inner container.
PAMPHLET INFORMATION The following pamphlets can be ordered from the Compressed Gas Association § § § § § Pamphlet P-12:Handling Cryogenic Liquids Pamphlet G-4.1:Cleaning Equipment for Oxygen Service Pamphlet G-6: Carbon Dioxide Pamphlet G-8.2: Standard for Nitrous Oxide Pamphlet G-4.4: Industrial Practices for Gaseous Oxygen Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems Compressed Gas Association, Inc.
