DRAFT 4 TB9400 base station Installation and Operation Manual Draft in Progress MBC-00001-01 Issue 1 September 2011
DRAFT 4 Contact Information All information contained in this document is the property of Tait Electronics Limited. All rights reserved. This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, stored, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form, without prior written permission from Tait Electronics Limited. The word TAIT and the TAIT logo are trademarks of Tait Electronics Limited.
DRAFT 4 Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Scope of Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Associated Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Publication Record . .
DRAFT 4 2.4.4 Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe. . . . . . . . 34 3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.1 Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.2 Module Indicator LEDs and Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2.1 Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DRAFT 4 5.5 Installing the Base Station on Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.5.1 Base Stations for Trunked Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.5.2 Equipment Required. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.5.3 Mounting the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.6 Connecting Up the Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DRAFT 4 Preface Scope of Manual This manual provides information on installing and operating the TB9400 base station. It is intended for use by experienced technicians familiar with installing and operating base station equipment. It also includes configuration, maintenance and troubleshooting information. Document Conventions The TB9400 base station has a web interface with an accordion menu on the left side of the screen.
DRAFT 4 Associated Documentation The current set of TB9400 product documentation is provided in PDF format on the product DVD. Updates are made available on the Tait support website. Printed copies of the documentation are available on request. ■ TB9400 Specifications Manual (MBC-00002-xx). ■ TaitNet P25 System Manual (MBA-00032-xx). ■ T801-4 GPS Frequency Reference Installation and Operation Manual (MBA-00033-xx).
DRAFT 4 8 Preface TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 1 Description The Tait TB9400 base station is a robust state-of-the-art digital fixed station that combines Tait’s proven strengths in reliability, high performance and modular design with software-based configurability and operation, digital signal processing and voice-over-IP technology. The base station is designed for operation in a Project 25 trunked or trunked simulcast radio network.
DRAFT 4 1.1 Features The following are some of the features of the base station: 10 Description ■ Fully compliant with the Project 25 Common Air Interface. Can therefore interoperate with any similarly compliant radios. ■ Integrated built-in voting facility. No external voter is needed. ■ Can be completely managed remotely from a PC running a web browser: configuration, alarm monitoring, fault diagnosis, feature and firmware upgrades.
DRAFT 4 1.2 Modules The base station consists of a subrack with up to two transmit/receive channels. The single PMU (power management unit) supplies and manages power to the whole subrack (refer to “Theory of Operation” on page 19). One reciter and one PA (power amplifier) are needed for each transmit/receive channel. There is also a front panel with user controls and fans. The modules are interconnected at the front of the subrack. External connections to the modules are located at the rear.
DRAFT 4 Power Amplifier The PA amplifies the RF output from the reciter and is available in 50 W and 100 W models. The 50 W model mounts vertically in the subrack, while the 100 W model mounts horizontally as it has a wider heatsink. The 100 W PA is also fitted with an airflow duct. 50 W PA 100 W PA Both models are designed to operate on the 28 VDC output provided by the PMU. Power Management Unit The PMU provides the 28 VDC power supply for the modules in the subrack.
DRAFT 4 Front Panel The front panel is mounted onto the subrack with two quick-release fasteners. It incorporates the indicator LEDs, four-line LCD display, user controls and cooling fans. The indicator LEDS allow some monitoring of the operational status of the base station. The user controls and display allow the technician to configure the IP address of each module. Refer to “Front Panel” on page 36 for more information.
DRAFT 4 1.3 Mechanical Assembly This section illustrates the main mechanical components of the base station. Figure 1.1 below shows the configuration for a typical dual 50 W base station. The PMU occupies the slot at the left end of the subrack, with the reciter and PA pairs to the right of it. Each PA is mounted vertically with its heatsink facing its associated reciter. The PMU and each reciter/PA pair have their own cooling fans.
DRAFT 4 Figure 1.2 below shows the configuration for a typical single 50 W base station. The PMU occupies its usual slot at the left end of the subrack, with the reciter and PA pair at the right of the subrack. The PA is mounted vertically with its heatsink facing the reciter. The PMU and the reciter/PA pair have their own cooling fans. Figure 1.
DRAFT 4 Figure 1.3 below shows the configuration for a typical 100 W base station. The PMU occupies its usual slot at the left end of the subrack, with the PA directly beside it. The reciter occupies the slot at the right of the subrack. Unlike the 50 W PAs, the 100 W PA is mounted horizontally with the heatsink facing upwards. It is also fitted with an airflow duct to channel the airflow from the cooling fan through the heatsink fins. Figure 1.
DRAFT 4 1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands The first release of the base station operates only on K band. Later releases will support operation on other frequency bands. Frequency Identification K band Frequency Band and Sub-band K4 = 762 MHz to 870 MHza a. The actual frequency coverage in this band is: Transmit: 762 MHz to 776 MHz, and 850 MHz to 870 MHz Receive: 792 MHz to 824 MHz 1.5 Applications The TB9400 is designed for operation in a TaitNet P25 trunked radio network.
DRAFT 4 1.6 Licenses Some operational functions of the base station are controlled by licenses. These functions will not work unless you purchase the appropriate feature license and enable the feature set controlled by that license. The feature sets currently available are listed below. P25 Common Air Interface Allows the base station to go into Online mode. Base stations are always provided with this license. P25 Trunking Operation Allows a base station to participate in a trunking system.
DRAFT 4 1.7 Theory of Operation The reciter receives RF signals from its RF input and sends RF from its RF output to the PA, along with a PA key signal. The PA sends an RF feedback signal to the reciter for linearization and power control purposes. The reciter also receives signals from, and sends signals to, the system interface, the Ethernet interface, and the front panel (see Figure 1.4).
DRAFT 4 The reciter carries out signal processing and has overall control of the base station. It has four boards, as shown in Figure 1.5. Figure 1.
DRAFT 4 1.7.1 Signal Paths Figure 1.6 gives an overview of signal paths within the reciter. Figure 1.6 Reciter signal paths Receive RF Interface ADC DDC Demodulator P25 Modem Transmit RF Interface DAC Cartesian Loop Control Modulator RTP Protocol Stack UDP Ethernet Interface IP Transmit RF Interface ADC (feedback from PA) Reciter Control Board Digital P25 signals from the receive RF interface pass through the digital receiver and P25 modem to the control software in the RISC processor.
DRAFT 4 1.7.3 Intermodule Communications A system control bus and a subrack interconnect board link the modules in the subrack and carry alarm and control signaling between the reciter and the other modules, as shown in Figure 1.7. Intermodule communication paths PMU PA Fan 2 IC RS-485 Fan μP μP μP I2C 2 I C Current Source PA 1 Reciter 1 PMU Fan Figure 1.
DRAFT 4 1.7.4 Power Management and Distribution The PMU manages the supply of power to ensure uninterrupted operation of the base station. A range of parameters is monitored and these can trigger alarms that are sent to the reciter. Alarms can be monitored via the web interface, and are also recorded in the reciter’s internal log file. AC to DC Changeover When the PMU has an AC and a DC module, the base station can be powered by either the AC (mains) or the DC (battery) supply.
DRAFT 4 Figure 1.8 Subrack power distribution for single and dual base stations Single DC Aux. DC AC PMU 28V Subrack Board 28V PA DC Dual Aux.
DRAFT 4 1.7.5 PMU Operation on DC Input The operation of the PMU on DC input is controlled by three sets of parameters: ■ user-programmable alarms ■ user-programmable startup and shutdown limits ■ battery protection limits The voltage range for each of these parameters is provided in Table 1.1 on page 26. Figure 1.9 on page 27 illustrates how these parameters interact, and how they control the operation of the PMU over a range of DC input voltages.
DRAFT 4 Table 1.1 PMU DC voltage limitsa Voltage Range Parameter User-programmable Alarmsb Low Battery Voltage High Battery Voltage 12 V PMU 10 V to 14 V 14 V to 17.5 V 24 V PMU 48 V PMU 20 V to 28 V 28 V to 35 V 40 V to 56 V 56 V to 70 V User-programmable Limitsbc Startup Voltage (after shutdown) 10.9 V to 15 V ± 0.3 V 21.8 V to 30 V ± 0.3 V 43.6 V to 60 V ± 0.3 V Shutdown Voltage 10 V to 13.5 V ± 0.3 V 20 V to 27 V ± 0.3 V 40 V to 54 V ± 0.
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011 Stop Run Stop Run Description Off Software Alarm (High Battery Voltage) Active Off Software Alarm (Low Battery Voltage) Active Software Control & Hardware Combined Hardware Behaviour 0V Undervoltage Shutdown (HW) Shutdown Voltage (SW) Low Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm) Startup Voltage (HW) Startup Voltage (SW) 30s delay 30s delay 30s delay Time Figure 1.
DRAFT 4 1.7.6 Front Panel Fans The front panel is equipped with three fans. One fan is for the PMU and the other two are for the reciter/PA pairs in a 50 W base station, or for the PA and reciter in a 100 W base station. Front panel fans do not operate continuously but are switched on and off as needed by the reciter firmware. Each reciter controls the fan it shares with its PA, and reciter 1 also controls the PMU fan.
DRAFT 4 2 General Safety and Regulatory Information This chapter provides general information on safety precautions for operating the base station. 2.1 Personal Safety 2.1.1 Unpacking and Moving the Equipment To prevent personal injury and equipment damage, we recommend that two people unpack and move the equipment. Caution 2.1.2 A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to 55 lb (25 kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with packaging.
DRAFT 4 properly, stop the module safely and contact your regional Tait office immediately. All servicing should be carried out only when the PMU is powered through a mains isolating transformer of sufficient rating. 2.1.3 2.1.4 AC Power Connection English (en) The PMU must be connected to a grounded mains socket-outlet. Norsk (no) Apparatet må tilkoples jordet stikkontakt. Suomi (fi) Laite on liitettävä suojamaadoitus-koskettimilla varustettuun pistorasiaan.
DRAFT 4 2.2 Equipment Safety 2.2.1 Installation and Servicing Personnel The equipment should be installed and serviced only by qualified personnel. 2.2.2 Preventing Damage to the PA The base station has been designed to operate safely under a wide range of antenna loading conditions. Transmitting into a low VSWR will maximize the power delivered to the antenna. Important Do not remove the load from the PA while it is transmitting.
DRAFT 4 2.2.4 Anti-tampering Devices All network elements should be physically secured, where possible. This includes the use of locked cabinets and the use of seals on connectors. All network and audio connectors should be sealed with the stick-on type of seal. The purpose of the seals is to detect unauthorized tampering. The seal should reveal if any of the connectors have been unplugged or if any unauthorized equipment has been plugged in.
DRAFT 4 2.4 Regulatory Information 2.4.1 Distress Frequencies The 406 to 406.1 MHz frequency range is reserved worldwide for use by Distress Beacons. Do not program transmitters to operate in this frequency range. 2.4.2 FCC Compliance This equipment complies with: ■ CFR Title 47 Part 15 Class B (except PMU): Radiated and conducted emissions, and electromagnetic susceptibility specifications of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules for the United States.
DRAFT 4 2.4.4 Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe In the European Community, radio and telecommunications equipment is regulated by Directive 1999/5/EC, also known as Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE) directive. The requirements of this directive include protection of health and safety of users, as well as electromagnetic compatibility. Intended Purpose of Product This product is a radio transceiver.
DRAFT 4 3 Operation This section describes the user controls and indicator LEDs on the front panel and on the base station modules.
DRAFT 4 3.1 Front Panel The user controls and indicator LEDs on the front panel are shown in Figure 3.1. They allow some manual control over the base station and monitoring of its operational status. Note Figure 3.1 Operating controls on the control panel b b c d e If there is more that one reciter in a subrack, inputs from all reciters are summed to drive the front panel LEDs.
DRAFT 4 f The amber receive LED indicates whether the base station is receiving a valid RF signal. Receive LED LED Description On (steady) The base station is receiving a valid RF signal. Off The base station is not receiving a valid RF signal. g Transmit LED The amber transmit LED is lit while the transmitter is transmitting. h Keypad The keypad is used to navigate the base station’s menus, enter text, and to adjust the contrast of the display.
DRAFT 4 i Display The display is used in conjunction with the keypad to access the base station’s menus. It allows the technician to configure the IP address of each reciter (refer to “Setting the IP Address” on page 48), and to set the contrast of the display (see below). After the base station is powered up, the display shows “Please wait . . .” while the base station is starting up, followed by the idle screen when the start-up process is complete.
DRAFT 4 Menu Map The menu map below shows the menu items available in this release of the base station. Note Idle Screen Base Station Modules The menu map shown is for a single base station. The menu items available in your base station will depend on the modules present in the subrack. Modules Reciter 1 Reciter 2 Front Panel Reciter 1 View Reciter 1 Address Edit Reciter 1 Address View Reciter 1 Address IP: 172.025.198.043 MASK: 255.255.000.000 GW: 172.025.002.251 Edit Reciter 1 Address IP: 1172.025.
DRAFT 4 3.2 Module Indicator LEDs and Switches Additional status information is displayed by LEDs in individual modules. The PMU also has switches that let you turn the AC and DC modules off. 3.2.1 Reciter The indicator LEDs on the front of the reciter are visible through a slot in its front panel. Front View Figure 3.
DRAFT 4 The indicator LEDs on the rear of the reciter are on the Ethernet connector. Rear View Figure 3.3 Indicator LEDs on the rear of the reciter b b indicator LEDs These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the reciter: ■ steady amber - the Ethernet interface is connected ■ flashing green - data is being transmitted across the Ethernet interface.
DRAFT 4 3.2.2 PA The indicator LEDs on the PA are visible through a slot in its front panel. Figure 3.
DRAFT 4 3.2.3 PMU The only controls on the PMU are the on/off switches on the rear panel for the AC and DC modules, and the indicator LEDs visible through a slot in its front panel. Figure 3.5 Operating controls on the PMU rear view front view b b c c d AC module on/off switch d indicator LEDs DC module on/off switch Warning!! AC Module On/Off Switch The AC and DC module on/off switches do not totally isolate the internal circuitry of the PMU from the AC or DC power supplies.
DRAFT 4 DC Module On/Off Switch This switch turns the DC output from the PMU on and off. Note that this switch does not disconnect power from the DC converter itself. It disables the converter by switching off its control circuitry. Even when the DC converter is off, the DC input is still connected to its power circuitry. The switch is recessed to prevent the DC module being accidentally switched off, thus disabling the battery back-up supply.
DRAFT 4 4 Working with Base Stations from Your PC The normal web browser on your PC provides a window into the TB9400 base station. Use it to connect to the base station so that you can monitor, configure, diagnose, and calibrate it (if required). This section describes the following: ■ Connecting to the base station, including initially setting things up. ■ Working with base station web pages. ■ Carrying out basic tasks. This section provides an overview of some aspects of the web interface.
DRAFT 4 4.1 PC Recommendations We recommend the following PC hardware and software for connecting to a TB9400 base station: ■ SVGA Monitor (1024 x 768 minimum). ■ Network connection. ■ Mozilla Firefox version 3.6 and later, Microsoft Internet Explorer version 8 and later. Note 4.2 We have tested the base station with Firefox 3.6 and Internet Explorer 8. If you encounter problems with your web browser, change to one of these browsers.
DRAFT 4 4.2.1 ? ? Logging In 1. Verify default address. Enter the base station’s URL into your browser: the default address is https://192.168.1.2 (note the use of a secure-socket connection). To find out the base station’s IP address, on the front panel select Modules > Reciter 1 (or 2) > View Reciter 1 (or 2) Address. To set the IP address, refer to “Setting the IP Address” on page 48. ? If access to this menu on the front panel has been disabled, you can find out the IP address by .....
DRAFT 4 4.2.2 Setting the IP Address Before the base station is installed on site, you need to provide it with its proper IP address. Make sure that you do not lose this address. A quick way to set the base station’s IP address is to use the front panel, as described below. Note 1. If access to this menu on the front panel has been disabled, log in to the base station and set the IP address using the web interface (Identity > Identity > Network Identity).
DRAFT 4 4.2.3 Responding to Security Warnings When your browser connects to a TB9400 for the first time, it raises a security warning. Normally, secure websites have a security certificate issued by a trusted Certification Authority. This is to foil attempts by rogue websites to pretend to be something they are not. Obtaining such certificates is impractical for each installed TB9400, so a self-signed certificate is created when the reciter’s firmware is installed.
DRAFT 4 4.2.4 Connecting a Networked PC to a Base Station You may want to temporarily disconnect a networked PC from its LAN in order to be able to establish a direct connection with the base station. A physical connection is needed as well as an alternate (Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP) or temporary (Windows 2000) IP address and subnet mask. Windows 7 or Windows Vista Windows XP Professional 50 1.
DRAFT 4 Windows 2000 4.2.5 8. Select the User configured option, and then enter a number that is on the same subnet as the base station. For example, if the TB9400 has IP 192.168.1.2, enter 192.168.1.1 for the PC. 9. Enter a suitable subnet mask, for example 255.255.255.0. The web browser should now be able to connect to any physically connected base station that is on the same subnet. 10. Once the web browser session is finished, re-connect the local area network cable to the PC.
DRAFT 4 Note ? 4.2.6 3. The link to the base station is down. Use ping to check. 4. You may have to bypass the proxy in your organization’s LAN to access the TaitNet P25 Network. Ask your system administrator to give you access. Finding a Lost or Forgotten IP Address What do you do if access to this front panel menu has been blocked via the web interface? 52 You can quickly check the base station’s IP address via the front panel, as long as access to this menu has not been disabled.
DRAFT 4 4.3 Working with the Web Interface This section provides an overview of the web interface. Refer to the Help for detailed instructions. When you connect to a base station, the browser displays a page like the following. Accordion menu Status bar Alarm status. Click System Status to go to the Alarms screen. Model and name of base station Click your user name to change your password and user settings Click to disconnect Mode (online or offline).
DRAFT 4 4.3.1 Monitoring Operation Using the monitoring pages, you can see how the base station is currently operating. For example, you can see the status of its trunking interface (Monitor > Interfaces > Trunking).
DRAFT 4 4.3.2 Viewing Configuration Settings The base station has many configuration settings that personalize it for its particular role in the network. Some settings, such as those for the trunking interface (Configure > Network Interfaces > Trunking), always apply. Others are channel-based so that they can be dynamically changed. To view these, you first need to know the channel that the base station is operating on. Select Identity > Identity > Base Station to see its default channel number.
DRAFT 4 Channel and signaling settings are grouped together in profiles. The channel configuration indicates the number of the currently active profile. To view the channel profile settings, select Configure > RF Interface > Channel Profiles and then click the relevant profile number. Proceed in a similar way to view signaling profile and channel group settings.
DRAFT 4 4.3.3 Viewing the Base Station and Network Identity Each base station in a network has a unique base station and network identity. Select Identity > Identity and then Base Station or Network to view details such as name, receiver number, default channel and network addresses. Note that the Host Name field has a maximum of 63 characters, and may use the characters a – z, 0 – 9, dot and hyphen.
DRAFT 4 4.4 Basic Tasks 4.4.1 User Settings Click on your user name in the top right corner of the page to choose whether the temperature is displayed in Fahrenheit or Celsius, and to change your password. 4.4.2 Taking the Base Station Offline You may need to take the base station offline in order to carry out diagnostic tests or to take it out of service if a fault develops. 4.4.3 1. Click Mode on the status bar (or Select Tools > Tools > Base Station). 2. Under Control, select Offline.
DRAFT 4 4.4.4 Working with Configuration Files At any time, you can save the current configuration settings as a file (Tools > Tools > Configurations). This is stored in the base station, but you can download it and store it on your computer as an off-site backup. The base station identity and network identity are not saved as part of the configuration file.
DRAFT 4 master base station in a trunked channel group. Select Configure > Network Interfaces > Trunking to configure this. 4.4.6 Configuring Base Stations in a Channel Group You can configure the way the base station behaves in its channel group. Also, qualified network engineers can change DSCP assignments, so that routers and switches provide a different quality of service to different types of IP packets. In trunked networks, many base stations are single and not actually part of a channel group.
DRAFT 4 4.4.9 Preparing to Download Firmware New versions of base station firmware are remotely downloaded to base stations from a package server. A package server is a basic web server application. The product DVD provides the Mongoose web server. Note You do not have to install Mongoose to make it work, because mongoose-3.0.exe is a self-sufficient executable file. You can set up a single PC to be the central package server for all the base stations on the network using mongoose or any web server.
DRAFT 4 62 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 5 Installation This chapter provides information on the site requirements for your TB9400 equipment and also describes how to install the base station in a standard 19 inch rack or cabinet. If this is your first time installing a TB9400 base station, we recommend that you read the entire chapter before beginning the actual installation. 5.1 Before You Begin 5.1.1 Equipment Security The security of your base station equipment is a high priority.
DRAFT 4 5.1.3 Equipment Ventilation Always ensure there is adequate ventilation around the base station. 5.1.4 Warning!! Do not operate it in a sealed cabinet. You must keep the ambient temperature within the specified range, and we strongly recommended that you ensure that the cooling airflow is not restricted. Important The cooling fans are mounted on the front panel and will only operate when the panel is fitted correctly to the front of the subrack.
DRAFT 4 5.1.5 Cabinet and Rack Ventilation The cooling airflow for the base station enters through the front panel and exits at the rear of the subrack. For optimum thermal performance, the heated air that has passed through a base station must not be allowed to reenter the air intakes on the front panel. Any space at the front of the cabinet not occupied by equipment should be covered by a blanking panel. Refer to Figure 5.1 on page 66.
DRAFT 4 Figure 5.1 Typical cabinet ventilation requirements top view b 8 in (20 cm) side view front view 2U c e d ≥ 7 in (≥17.
DRAFT 4 5.2 Unpacking and Moving the Subrack The subrack is packed in a strong corrugated cardboard carton with top and bottom foam cushions. To prevent personal injury and damage to the equipment, we recommend that two people unpack and move the subrack. To remove the subrack from the carton, follow the procedure illustrated in Figure 5.2. Caution Figure 5.2 A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to 55 lb (25 kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with packaging.
DRAFT 4 3. 4. Slide the carton upwards over the foam cushions and lift it away e. Remove the cushion from the bottom of the subrack f. Rotate the subrack and cushion carefully over the rear of the subrack g so that it is the right way up with the cushion on top h. Remove the cushion from the top of the subrack i. Disposal of Packaging 68 Installation If you do not need to keep the packaging, we recommend that you recycle it according to your local recycling methods.
DRAFT 4 5.3 Identifying the Equipment You can identify the model and hardware configuration of the TB9400 modules by referring to the product code printed on labels at the rear of each module. The meaning of each character in the product code is explained in the tables below. Note Reciter Product Codes This explanation of product codes is not intended to suggest that any combination of features is necessarily available in any one product.
DRAFT 4 PMU Product Codes 70 Installation Product Code Description TBAXXXX-XXXX 3 = PMU TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = default TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = AC module not fitted A = AC module fitted TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = DC module not fitted 1 = 12V DC module fitted 2 = 24V DC module fitted 4 = 48V DC module fitted TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = standby power supply card not fitted 1 = 12VDC standby power supply card fitted 2 = 24VDC standby power supply card fitted 4 = 48VDC standby power supply card fitted TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = auxiliary p
DRAFT 4 5.4 Initial Setting Up Before putting the base station into service, you may want to carry out some basic functional testing, configuration, and tuning (if required). This section provides an overview of these procedures: ? 5.4.
DRAFT 4 Functional Tests Test The following table provides an overview of the tests available using the web interface. Refer to the Help for full details of these tests.
DRAFT 4 5.4.2 Customizing the Configuration The following steps provide an overview of the process used to configure the base station with the settings it needs. Refer to the Help for detailed information. 1. Log in to the base station (refer to “Connecting Your PC to the Base Station” on page 46 for more details). 2. Select Configure. The base station has many different settings that can be configured before it is put into operation, such as: 3.
DRAFT 4 5.4.3 ? Changing the Root Password Procedure still to be decided. May be tied in with Admin password. ? The root password to the Linux operating system of the reciter is a possible security risk. The equipment is delivered with a default password that is well known. Knowledge of the password could be used to render the equipment inoperable, for example by deleting files. If you are concerned about the security risk that this poses, change the password.
DRAFT 4 5.5 Installing the Base Station on Site 5.5.1 Base Stations for Trunked Systems When installing base stations that are part of a trunked system, it is very important to observe good site engineering rules. This is especially true when the channels are combined into a single antenna, particularly if the receivers and transmitters also share the antenna, as in a duplexed system.
DRAFT 4 5.5.3 Mounting the Subrack Caution Figure 5.3 A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to 55 lb (25 kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with packaging. We recommend that you have another person help you unpack and move the subrack. The TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to move the subrack once it has been unpacked. If necessary, remove the modules from the subrack before moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 93). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.
DRAFT 4 If you need extra mounting security, additional mounting holes c are provided at the rear of the subrack for auxiliary support brackets. Note Figure 5.4 below gives the dimensions of the subrack and its mounting holes. Figure 5.4 Subrack dimensions 17 in (432 mm) 14.8 in (375.5 mm) 19 in (482.6 mm) 14.7 in (373.5 mm) 18.3 in (465.1 mm) 14.37 in (365 mm) 4 in 6.96 in (176.8 mm) (101.6 mm) 5.25 in (133.4 mm) 0.42 in (10.6 mm) 0.26 in (6.
DRAFT 4 Auxiliary Support Bracket TBAA03-13 auxiliary support brackets can be fitted to the rear of the subrack to provide additional mounting security. Figure 5.5 shows a standard TBAA03-13 bracket b fitted in a typical Tait cabinet c. If you are not using the Tait cabinet, you may have to make your own brackets to suit your installation. Figure 5.
DRAFT 4 DC Power Cabling DC power cables should be well supported so that the terminals on the PMU and on the ends of the cables do not have to support the full weight of the cables. Figure 5.6 shows two recommended methods of securing these cables to prevent straining either set of terminals. We recommend that you fit the supplied covers to the DC terminals to protect against accidental shorts. Figure 5.
DRAFT 4 5.6 Connecting Up the Base Station This section provides information relevant to the task of connecting up the various inputs and outputs of the base station. 5.6.1 Connection Overview The connections at the rear of a dual 50 W base station are identified in Figure 5.7. External connections are all located at the rear of the subrack. Figure 5.
DRAFT 4 5.6.2 Connecting AC Power The PMU is designed to accept a mains input of 88 to 264 VAC at 45 to 65 Hz. A standard 3-wire grounded socket outlet must be used to supply the AC power. The socket outlet must be installed near the equipment and must be easily accessible. This outlet should be connected to an AC power supply capable of providing at least 600 W. The requirements of two typical AC supplies are given in the following table.
DRAFT 4 5.6.3 Connecting DC Power The PMU is designed to accept a nominal 12 VDC, 24 VDC or 48 VDC input (depending on the model) with negative or positive ground. There is a minimum DC startup threshold to prevent damaging a battery which has little capacity left. You must connect the DC supply from the battery to the PMU via a fuse or DC-rated circuit breaker with a contact separation of 3 mm, and with the appropriate rating, as shown in the table below.
DRAFT 4 5.6.4 Connecting the Auxiliary DC Power Output The PMU can provide an auxiliary DC output when it is fitted with the auxiliary power supply board. This board is available with an output of 13.65 VDC, 27.3 VDC, or 54.6 VDC (depending on the model), and is current limited to 3 A, 1.5 A or 750 mA respectively. This power supply is permanently on as soon as the base station has finished powering up, and is available on the auxiliary output connector on the rear panel.
DRAFT 4 5.6.5 Connecting RF Important Do not remove the load from the PA while it is transmitting as this may damage the PA output stage. The RF input to the base station is via the marked BNC connector on the rear panel of the reciter. The RF output is via the N-type connector on the rear panel of the PA (refer to Figure 5.7 on page 80). Cables and antennas should be of high quality construction.
DRAFT 4 5.6.6 Connecting an External Frequency Reference For K4 Band, the internal frequency reference accuracy is inadequate, and an external reference (for example, the Tait T801-4) must be used. An external reference is also required for simulcast. The external reference frequency can be 10 MHz or 12.8 MHz, with an input level of 300 mVpp to 5 V pp. The stability of this reference should be better than 50 parts per billion (for non-simulcast) or ≤ 1 part per billion (for simulcast).
DRAFT 4 5.6.7 Connecting a 1 PPS Source A 1 PPS signal is required for simulcast base stations. This and the external frequency reference can be provided, for example, by a Tait T801-4 Frequency Reference. For more information, see the T801-4 Installation and Operation Manual (MBA-00033-xx). Use a 50 Ω coaxial cable (RG58 or RG223) to connect the source to the base station’s 1 PPS input. You can daisy-chain up to six base stations using T-junctions.
DRAFT 4 5.6.9 Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs The base station has a number of general purpose inputs and outputs. These are connected via the 25-way D-range on the rear panel. The pin allocations for the D-range connector are given in the following table. Not all pins are used in this release of the base station.
DRAFT 4 88 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 6 Maintenance The base station is designed to be very reliable and should require little maintenance. However, performing regular checks will prolong the life of the equipment and prevent problems from happening. It is beyond the scope of this manual to list every check that you should perform on your base station. The type and frequency of maintenance checks will depend on the location and type of your system.
DRAFT 4 90 Maintenance TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 7 Troubleshooting Check that all front and rear connectors and cables are in place, and that power switches are on. If problems persist, contact your regional Tait office.
DRAFT 4 92 Troubleshooting TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 8 Replacing Modules Caution The 100 W PA and PMU weigh between 9.3 lb (4.2 kg) and 15.4 lb (7 kg) each. Take care when handling these modules to avoid personal injury. Important The cooling fans are mounted on the front panel and will only operate when the panel is fitted correctly to the front of the subrack. To ensure adequate airflow through the base station, do not operate it for more than a few minutes with the front panel removed (e.g. for servicing purposes).
DRAFT 4 8.1 Saving the Base Station’s Configuration Before replacing a module in the base station, you should decide whether you need to save its configuration data. If you are unsure whether you have a record of the configuration, backup and save the configuration file before removing any modules. Once you have replaced the module, you will be able to restore the original configuration to the base station. If one or more of the modules is faulty, you may be unable to save the configuration.
DRAFT 4 8.2 Preliminary Disassembly Hot-pluggable Modules The reciter, PA and front panel are hot-pluggable and can be removed without powering down the whole base station. These modules can also be removed without disrupting the system control bus communications with the other modules in the subrack. Important Disconnecting the Power Before removing a PA, first disconnect the DC input, transmit forward input and transmit reverse output, followed by the RF output.
DRAFT 4 Remove the Front Panel 1. Using a Pozidriv PZ2 screwdriver, undo the fastener at each end of the front panel b with a quarter turn counterclockwise. c unlocked locked b 2. Cable Retaining Clips Place a finger in the recess c provided at each end of the front panel and pull the front panel away from the subrack.
DRAFT 4 8.3 Removal Replacing a Reciter 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Preliminary Disassembly” on page 95. 2. At the rear of the reciter, unplug the RF input cable b, any system cables c, and the external reference d and 1 PPS e cables (if fitted). 3. At the front of the reciter, unplug the transmit reverse f and transmit forward g cables, and move both cables to one side. Unplug both ends of the system control bus cable h and remove it. 4.
DRAFT 4 Refitting 98 1. Slide the replacement reciter into the subrack and secure it with the retaining clamp. 2. Reconnect all the front and rear panel cables previously disconnected. Ensure the front panel cables are positioned correctly, and retained where required by the cable retaining clips in the top of the subrack (refer to “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111). 3. Tighten the nut on the SMA connector to a torque of 8 lbf ·in (0.9 N·m). 4.
DRAFT 4 8.4 Replacing a Power Amplifier Important Removal Before removing a PA, first disconnect the DC input, transmit forward input and transmit reverse output, followed by the RF output. After refitting the PA, reconnect the RF output first, followed by the transmit forward input, transmit reverse output, and then the DC input. 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Preliminary Disassembly” on page 95. 2.
DRAFT 4 the subrack (refer to “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111). 100 5. Tighten the nut on the SMA connector to a torque of 8 lbf ·in (0.9 N·m). 6. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 107.
DRAFT 4 8.5 Replacing a Power Management Unit Important Removal You must disconnect the AC and DC power cables before removing the PMU from the subrack. 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Preliminary Disassembly” on page 95. 2. At the front of the PMU, unplug and remove the output power cable b to the subrack interconnect board. Also unplug and remove the system control bus cable c. 3. Unplug the output power cable to the PA d and move it to one side. 4.
DRAFT 4 8.6 Replacing the Front Panel Fans The following instructions refer to Figure 8.1 on page 104. Important You must replace each fan duct assembly in its original location in the front panel. Each module, or pair of modules, requires a specific type of fan duct to ensure the cooling air flow passes directly through the modules’ heatsinks. If a cooling fan has failed and you are fitting a replacement front panel, you must also fit the correct type of front panel for that base station.
DRAFT 4 Refitting 1. If the original fan was fitted with spacers j, refit these spacers to the replacement fan. 2. Fit the replacement fan into the duct, routing the power wires neatly around the body of the fan to the slot in the side of the duct, as shown in Figure 8.1. 3. Refit the four screws securing the fan into the duct. Do not overtighten these screws or you may distort the fan body. 4. PMU Fan a. Refit the PMU fan duct assembly onto its mounting bosses.
DRAFT 4 Figure 8.
DRAFT 4 8.7 Replacing the Module Guide Rails The module guide rails are held in place by four hooks that fit through the slots in the top and bottom of the subrack. There is also a locking tab which prevents the guide rails from working loose. Note Removal 1. Subracks produced from late 2008 onwards have wider slots than earlier subracks. Guide rails designed for these wider slots will not fit older subracks with narrow slots. Bottom Guide Rails a.
DRAFT 4 8.8 Replacing the Subrack Interconnect Board Removal Refitting Figure 8.2 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Preliminary Disassembly” on page 95. 2. Disconnect any system control bus cables and DC power cables from the subrack board. 3. Remove the three M3 nuts and spring washers b securing the right end of the board to the subrack. 4. Remove the D-range cover c. 5. Remove the two retaining clamps d securing the left end and centre of the board. 6.
DRAFT 4 8.9 Final Reassembly Important You must fit the correct type of front panel to your base station. The different types of front panel and fan ducts are explained in “Replacing the Front Panel Fans” on page 102. 1. Before fitting the front panel, ensure that all cables are secured and positioned correctly so they are clear of the fan ducts (refer to “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111). Otherwise the panel may not fit properly, or you may damage the cables. 2.
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DRAFT 4 Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations System Interface Connector For the pin allocations for the system interface D-range connector, see “Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs” on page 87.
DRAFT 4 110 Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections Dual 50 W Base Station The connections between modules at the front of a dual 50 W base station are shown below.
DRAFT 4 Single 50 W Base Station The connections between modules at the front of a single 50 W base station are shown below.
DRAFT 4 100 W Base Station The connections between modules at the front of a 100 W base station are shown below.
DRAFT 4 114 Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 TaitNet P25 Glossary This glossary contains an alphabetical list of terms and abbreviations related to the TaitNet P25 network and the TB9400 base station. A ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter. A device for converting an analog signal to a digital signal that represents the same information. ANI Automatic Number Identification. A service that provides the receiver of a call with a numerical identifier or alphanumeric label of the caller.
DRAFT 4 C C4FM Compatible Four-level Frequency Modulation. A modulation scheme defined in the P25 CAI standard for 12.5 kHz bandwidth. CAI Common Air Interface. The over-the-air data formats and protocols defined by the APCO P25 committee. call A complete exchange of information between two or more parties. A call requires a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. In conventional systems, a call is an over, but in trunked systems, a call may be a conversation, made up of a number of overs.
DRAFT 4 community repeater Repeater that is shared by several user groups. configuration file Consists of all the configuration settings needed for a base station, stored as a file. conventional network Systems that do not have centralized management of channel access. System operation is entirely controlled by system end users. CWID Continuous Wave Identification is a method of automatically identifying the base station using a Morse code.
DRAFT 4 E EIA Electronic Industries Alliance. Accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and responsible for developing telecommunications and electronics standards in the USA. EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility. The ability of equipment to operate in its electromagnetic environment without creating interference with other devices. ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute. The non-profit organization responsible for producing European telecommunications standards.
DRAFT 4 frequency band The range of frequencies that the equipment is capable of operating on. front panel The cover over the front of the base station containing the indicator LEDs, four-line LCD display, user controls and cooling fans. G gating The process of opening and closing the receiver gate. When a valid signal is received, the receiver gate opens, letting the signal through. group call A call that is sent to more than one SU simultaneously.
DRAFT 4 I I2C A bi-directional two-wire serial bus which is used to connect integrated circuits (ICs). I2C is a multi-master bus, which means that multiple chips can be connected to the same bus, and each one can act as a master by initiating a data transfer. Used in the TB9400 for communications between reciter 1 and the PMU. IMBE Improved Multiband Excitation. A voice compression technology patented by Digital Voice Systems, Inc and used in the vocoders of P25 radios.
DRAFT 4 license Some operational functions of the base station are controlled by licenses. Purchasing a license from Tait allows you to enable the feature set which includes the required functionality. LSM Linear Simulcast Modulation is a proprietary modulation scheme designed to give optimal performance in simulcast systems, compared to that obtainable using C4FM.
DRAFT 4 Network Time Protocol is a protocol and software implementation for synchronizing the clocks of computer systems across a network. An NTP server obtains the correct time from a time source and sets the local time in each connected computer. NTP O octet A set of 8 bits. Offline mode A mode of operation in which active service is suspended so that special operations can be carried out, such as programming in a new configuration or carrying out invasive diagnostic tests.
DRAFT 4 Project 25 A project set up by APCO (the Association of Public Safety Communications Officials), together with other US governmental organizations, to develop standards for interoperable digital radios to meet the needs of public safety users. PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network: the public telephone network. PTT Push To Talk. The button on an SU that keys the transmitter. Q QoS Quality Of Service. A router feature that gives real-time data such as voice calls priority over other data.
DRAFT 4 RTP Real Time Protocol is an Internet protocol that supports the real-time transmission of voice and data. Rx Receiver. S satellite voter A channel group member that has delegated voting activity to a central voter. SAW filter Surface Acoustic Wave filter. A band pass filter that can be used to filter both RF and IF frequencies. A SAW filter uses the piezoelectric effect to turn the input signal into vibrations that are turned back into electrical signals in the desired frequency range.
DRAFT 4 SMR Specialized Mobile Radio. A communications system used by police, ambulances, taxis, trucks and other delivery vehicles. SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. A protocol used (for example) by the trunking site controller to monitor the status of the channel group and its members. SSRC Synchronization source. The SSRC is a large number specified by the trunking controller in its connection message. It uniquely identifies voice streams sent from the master base station.
DRAFT 4 TELCO Telephone company. TIA Telecommunications Industry Association toggle Describes the switching between two states. If something is on, toggling it turns it off. If it is off, toggling it turns it on. tone A sound wave of a particular frequency. TSBK A Trunking Signaling Block is an over-the-air message format used in digital P25 mode for setting up trunked calls and for supplementary services such as messaging and status updates. Tx Transmitter. U UDP User Datagram Protocol.
DRAFT 4 as the user moves throughout the coverage area the strongest channel is always available for a call. VPN Virtual Private Network. A private communications network used to communicate confidentially over a non-private network. VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio is the ratio of the maximum peak voltage anywhere on the transmission line to the minimum value anywhere on the transmission line. A perfectly matched line has a VSWR of 1:1.
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DRAFT 4 Tait Software License Agreement This Software License Agreement ("Agreement") is between you (“Licensee”) and Tait Electronics Limited (“Tait"). By using any of the Software items embedded and pre-loaded in the related Tait Designated Product, included on CD, downloaded from the Tait website, or provided in any other form, you agree to be bound by the terms of this Agreement. If you do not agree to the terms of this Agreement, do not install or use any of the Software.
DRAFT 4 ment contains or is derived from Open Source Software, the terms and conditions governing the use of such Open Source Software are in the Open Source Software Licenses of the copyright owner and not in this Agreement. If there is a conflict between the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the terms and conditions of the any applicable Open Source Software Licenses, the terms and conditions of the Open Source Software Licenses will take precedence.
DRAFT 4 program or documentation errors or Security Vulnerabilities. If Tait cannot correct the defect within a reasonable time, then at Tait option, Tait will replace the defective Software with functionally equivalent Software, license to Licensee substitute Software which will accomplish the same objective, or terminate the license and refund Licensee’s paid license fee.
DRAFT 4 construed as an admission or presumption of publication of the Software or public disclosure of any trade secrets associated with the Software. 11.2. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS. Licensee acknowledges that the Software may be subject to the laws and regulations of the jurisdiction covering the supply of the Designated Products and will comply with all applicable laws and regulations, including export laws and regulations, of that country. 11.3. ASSIGNMENTS AND SUBCONTRACTING.
