SYSTEM SENSOR EUROPE guide to intelligent fire systems Advanced Ideas. Advanced Solutions Note: This document is based on the recommendations of BS5839 Part 1: 2002. It is intended only as a guide to the application of fire detection systems. Reference must be made to relevant national and local standards.
Guide to Intelligent Fire Alarm Systems CONTENTS 1. INTELLIGENT FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS ............................................................ 4 1.1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2. INTELLIGENT SYSTEM TYPES ........................................................................................................................................ 4 1.3.
INDOOR ................................................................................................................................................................................ 28 OUTDOOR ............................................................................................................................................................................. 28 WATERPROOF..................................................................................................................................
1. INTELLIGENT FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS 1.2. INTELLIGENT SYSTEM TYPES There are two methods commonly used for implementing intelligent fire systems: The most common type of system is “Analogue”. In this case the detector (or sensor) returns a value to the panel representing the current state of its sensing element(s). The control panel compares this value with the alarm threshold in order to make the decision as to whether a fire is present.
• Status of module output • Remote test status • Manufacturer code Most commonly, each device on the loop will be polled in turn, however to increase speed around a loop, some protocols allow polling of groups of devices on a single communication. Note that since different manufacturers have their own protocols, it is important to ensure compatibility between the detectors and control panel you intend to use.
The sensitivity of a smoke detector tends to change as it becomes contaminated with dirt or dust (see figure 1.6.1). As contamination builds up, it usually becomes more sensitive, leading to the risk of a false alarm, but in some cases can become less sensitive, so delaying the alarm if a fire is detected. To counter this, if a detector drifts outside its specification, a maintenance signal may be sent to the panel warning that the detector needs cleaning.
1.13. ADVANTAGES OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS Most system smoke detectors are equipped with a terminal to allow the connection of a remote LED. Remote LEDs are often used outside bedroom doors in hotels so that in case of a fire, it is easy for the fire brigade to identify the location of the fire without the need to enter every room in the building. They may also be used where a detector is concealed in loft space, for example, to provide a visual indication that the detector is in an alarm state.
2.1. FIRE SYSTEM CATEGORIES. Before a fire protection system can be designed, it is necessary to define the main objectives of the system. This is normally determined by a fire risk assessment, and should be provided as part of the fire system specification. BS5839 Part 1: 2002 defines three basic categories of fire detection system. 2.1.1. Category M Systems Category M systems rely on human intervention, and use only manually operated fire detection such as break glass call points.
Category L2: Objectives are similar to category L3, however additional protection is provided for rooms at higher risk. Protection should be as for category L3 plus smoke detectors in specified rooms at high risk down Pantry Paper Store Office Office Kitchen Pantry down Canteen Paper Store Office Office Category L1: The highest category for the protection of life. Intended to give the earliest possible notification of a fire in order to allow maximum time for evacuation.
Application Guide 2.2. MANUAL CALL POINTS People can often still detect a fire long before automatic fire detectors; hence manual call points are important components of fire detection systems in occupied buildings to ensure timely evacuation in the case of fire. All call points should be approved to EN54-11, and should be of type A, that is once the frangible element is broken or displaced the alarm condition is automatic.
Smoke detectors are the most sensitive automatic means of detecting a fire and should be used wherever conditions allow. heat sensors, which can give a response to fast flaming fires similar to that of ionisation detectors. Other sensor combinations are also available. Multi-Criteria Optical Alarm Alarm 2.3.1.
Up to 25m height Application Guide Up to 100M Combined Emitter / Receiver Unit Beam attenuated by smoke plume Reflector Figure 2.3.3. Operation of Reflective Type Optical Beam Smoke Detector Beam detectors are more complex to install than ordinary point smoke detectors and it is advisable to consult an application guide for the use of projected beam smoke detectors before considering the use of these detectors.
2.4.2. It is important to consult applicable local and national standards when choosing the spacing and location of fire detectors. The following information is intended only as a guide to the location and spacing of detectors. There is currently no European standard available; hence this guide is based on BS5839 part 1, 2002. 2.4.1. Location and Spacing of Point Fire Detectors on Flat Ceilings On a flat ceiling with no obstructions, the radius of protection of fire detectors is 7.
Application Guide however along the roof apex spacing the lesser of the two figures should be used, in this example 10.5m +18%. Where the slope finishes within the adjusted detection radius, the standard distance to the next row of detectors, 10.5m, should be used. Care must be taken when placing the next row that no gaps are left in detection coverage. >10% of Ceiling Height Minimum 500mm Treat as separate room >250mm <10% of Ceiling Height Max 600mm Minimum 500mm 15m 40° 18° 9 7. .
Internal stairwells and lift shafts and other vertical service ducts through a building provide a clear path for smoke to pass between floors of a building as if they were chimneys. It is therefore important to protect these, preferably using smoke detectors. All vertical shafts through a building must be protected by a smoke or heat detector at the top of the shaft, and by a detector within 1.5m of each opening onto the shaft.
Application Guide Where it is not possible to place a sounder within a room, there will be a loss of approximately 20dB(A) through a standard door, and 30dB(A) through a fire door. 2.5. ALARM SIGNALS 2.5.1. Audible Alarm Signals Audible fire alarm signals must provide a clear warning of a fire to all those for whom the signal is intended.
2.7 ROUTINE FUNCTIONAL TESTING OF FIRE DETECTORS Caution: Prior to carrying out any maintenance or testing on a fire alarm system, the relevant authorities and staff should be notified. BS5839 Part 1: 2002 gives a range of recommendations regarding routine testing of a fire detection system. Over time, the sensitivity of a smoke detector can change owing to a build-up of dirt in the detector chamber.
System Sensor Intelligent Product Range SERIES 200 PLUS ANALOGUE ADDRESSABLE DETECTOR RANGE INTRODUCTION System Sensor’s Series 200 plus range of plug in smoke detectors are a family of analogue addressable smoke detectors combining state of the art design with micro-processor control and sophisticated processing circuitry to provide fast, efficient fire detection in a wide range of applications. All Series 200 plus detectors have two integral LEDs, which provide local visual indication of the sensor status.
The 2251EM photoelectric smoke detector combines a state of the art sensing chamber with microprocessor control and sophisticated processing to eliminate transient noise conditions thereby giving reliable fire detection whilst minimising unwanted alarms. It is approved to a range of sensitivities, permitting the detector to be configured to match the application environment. The 2251EM includes algorithms, which compensate for a slow build up of contamination such as dust, within the sensing chamber.
In many instances this will result in an improved economic performance through savings in the cost of maintenance by extending the detector cleaning interval. Effects of Drift Compensation Adjusted thresholds Sensor value Drift Compensation and Smoothing eliminate nuisance alarms and provide a consistent progressive alarm sensitivity threshold throughout the period between service intervals.
The 6500S and 6500 are addressable reflector- type linear optical beam smoke detectors that can be directly connected to an analogue loop circuit as a component of an intelligent fire alarm system. The detectors have a range of 5m to 70m, extending to 100m with a long-range reflector kit. The 6500S and 6500 detectors are combined transmitter/ receiver units. The Infrared transmitter generates a beam of light towards a high efficiency reflector.
System Sensor Intelligent Product Range 7251 LASER DETECTOR The Pinnacle high sensitivity laser based intelligent smoke sensor is a unique offering from System Sensor that provides extremely high sensitivity to fire conditions, by detecting the earliest particles of combustion. This is achieved by combining a patented optical chamber with the latest in laser diode and precision optics technology, which enhances the sensitivity of the device.
The 2251EIS analogue addressable photoelectric sensor is a plug in Intrinsically Safe smoke sensor combining an optical sensing chamber with analogue addressable communications. As an Intrinsically Safe sensor, the 2251EIS has been designed specifically to provide fire protection for most hazardous environments, and has therefore been engineered so that it cannot become a source of ignition in areas where potentially explosive atmospheres are likely to arise.
System Sensor Intelligent Product Range B500 SERIES BASES A range of detector bases and accessories are available for use with Series 200 plus plug in detectors to suit the requirements of varying applications. All bases are 102mm in diameter. B501 Standard Base: For normal applications. Height: Weight: 20mm 53g B501DG Deep Base: For use when cabling in surface mounted conduit.
For use in conjunction with the B501, increases the IP rating of the detector from IP40 to IP42, providing protection from water dripping from above. Diameter: Height: Weight: 110mm 69mm 102g RMK400 Recess Mounting Kit: Used to recess Series 200 plus detectors into suspended ceilings, reducing the detector height by approximately 20mm. Interior diameter: Exterior diameter: Depth: Weight: 102mm 144mm 31mm 100g Note: This document is based on the recommendations of BS5839 Part 1: 2002.
System Sensor Intelligent Product Range M200 SERIES MODULE RANGE INTRODUCTION The family of input/output modules form part of System Sensor Europe’s Series 200 plus family. Single and multi-way models are available within the same mechanical package, reducing both the cost of installation and the mounting space required. Their unique mechanical design allows each module to be mounted in either a wall box, on a DIN rail or within any type of enclosure.
The M201E optionally supervises the wiring to the load devices and, upon command from the control panel, switches an external power supply to operate these devices. It also has built-in short circuit isolation capability. In normal supervised mode, the device switches out the load supervision and switches in the external power supply through a double pole relay. The external power supply is monitored and raises an unlatched fault condition if the voltage falls below the fixed threshold.
System Sensor Intelligent Product Range 5. CALL POINTS KAC’s range of Call Points comprise indoor, outdoor and special environment products suitable for all applications. They are available in a variety of colour and marking options for a wide range of applications, including red for use in fire systems. An extensive range of adaptor trays is available, allowing easy installation anywhere in the world. The majority of the KAC product range is certified to EN54 Part 11, and other approvals are available.
majority of back box formats. KAC Sounders and Strobes from simple tone set conventional products to fully featured fourteen-tone intelligent units, a range of sounders, strobes and combined sounder-strobe products suitable for all applications. A deeper profile base with knockouts and marked drilling positions for rear and side entry allows for an IP55 rating, when used with appropriate glands. The range meets the requirements of EN54 Part 3; key products are LPCB and VdS Approved.
System Sensor Intelligent Product Range 30 7. OTHER INFORMATION 7.1. STANDARDS To ensure that a fire alarm system provides adequate protection, it is advisable to ensure that it meets all relevant standards. The system should be designed in accordance with relevant national and local standards.
All components of the fire alarm system should be certified to a European standard by an independent certification body that specialise in the certification of fire and security systems. These include: BRE - LPCB Building 3, Bucknalls Lane, Garston, Watford, WD25 9XX, England Tel: (+44) (0) 1923 66400 Other Information 7.2.
SYSTEM SENSOR EUROPE 15 – 19 Trescott Road Trafford Park Smallwood Redditch B98 7AH United Kingdom Telephone: + 44 (0)1527 406700 Fax: + 44 (0)1527 406699 sales@sseuk.com www.systemsensoreurope.
