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HVAC TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS
HVAC- Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning.
AFUE - An acronym for Annual Fuel Utilization Eciency wherein the higher the number, the more ecient the unit is rated. The Department
of Energy's (DOE) minimum eciency level is 80%.
Air Handler - This is the indoor section of a split system, also known as a fan coil, serves to move air through your duct work via a blower motor.
Ambient Temperature - This is the air temperature surrounding the particular piece of equipment.
BTU - An acronym for British Thermal Unit (Btu). This is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree
Fahrenheit. These ratings are available on all HVAC units. The heating BTU rating and air conditioner BTU rating typically are not the same for a single system.
Condensing Unit - The outdoor section of a split system air conditioning system which cools refrigerant that circulates in the HVAC system.
This unit requires periodic cleaning to operate eciently.
EER - An abbreviation for Energy Eciency Rating. The Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute standardized this rating, which reports central air
conditioning eciency at 80 degrees F indoors and 95 degrees F outdoors. This rating measures steady-state eciency – that is, the eciency of the air
conditioner once it is up and running.
Energy Star – HVAC products with the ENERGY STAR symbol are deemed to be environmentally friendly by meeting strict energy eciency guide-
lines set by the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and the DOE ( Department of Energy).
Evaporator Coil – This element transfers heat to provide cooled, dehumidied air. This element needs periodic cleaning to work eciently.
Heat Pump – Provides heating and cooling comfort as a split system or as a packaged system. A heat pump can be combined with a gas furnace for
better performance when temperatures fall below freezing.
HSPF - An acronym for Heating Season Performance Factor and indicates the comparative level of a heat pumps' heating eciency. A higher HSPF
number indicates greater eciency.
Latent heat - is the energy absorbed by or released from a substance during a phase change from a gas to a liquid or a solid or vice versa. If a
substance is changing from a solid to a liquid, for example, the substance needs to absorb energy from the surrounding environment in order to spread out
the molecules into a larger, more uid volume. If the substance is changing from something with lower density, like a gas, to a phase with higher density
like a liquid, the substance gives o energy as the molecules come closer together and lose energy from motion and vibration.
Packaged System - Packaged units provide both heating and cooling from one unit that is placed outside the home or business. Packaged units
are available in several combinations of fuel sources - gas heat/electric cooling; heat pump; electric heat/electric cooling; oil heat/electric cooling.
Sensible heat - The energy required to change the temperature of a substance with no phase change – what the thermostat and thermometer registers.
SEER Rating - A measurement of the eciency of cooling products – stands for Seasonal Energy Eciency Rating. Higher SEER ratings indicate
higher energy eciency. SEER rating is generally more important than the size of your air conditioning unit.
Split System - An air conditioning or heat pump system that is split into two sections - an outdoor section and an indoor section. A typical split
system is an air conditioning condensing unit on a concrete pad on the outside of the home with a furnace and air handler inside the home.
Thermocouple/Flame Sensor - Control and safety devices designed to detect and respond to the presence of a ame.
Thermostat - A control device located inside your home or oce used to set, maintain and control temperature levels. A thermostat automatically
turns on an HVAC system to maintain a preset temperature level and should not be used as a switch. Thermostats must be matched to the type of system
used and wired accordingly.
Ton - A measurement of the capacity of an air conditioning system (not weight). One ton of air conditioning equals 12,000 BTU's per hour. This means
that a "one ton" air conditioning system has the capability of removing 12,000 BTU's of heat per hour from your home or business.