L6563 L6563A Advanced transition-mode PFC controller Features ■ Very precise adjustable output overvoltage protection ■ Tracking boost function ■ Protection against feedback loop failure (Latched shutdown) SO-14 Applications ■ Interface for cascaded converter's PWM controller ■ Input voltage feedforward (1/V2) ■ Inductor saturation detection (L6563 only) ■ Remote ON/OFF control ■ Low (≤ 90µA) start-up current ■ 5mA max. quiescent current ■ 1.
Contents L6563 - L6563A Contents 1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1 Pin connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3 Thermal data . . . . . . .
L6563 - L6563A 1 Description Description The device is a current-mode PFC controller operating in Transition Mode (TM). Based on the core of a standard TM PFC controller, it offers improved performance and additional functions. The highly linear multiplier, along with a special correction circuit that reduces crossover distortion of the mains current, allows wide-range-mains operation with an extremely low THD even over a large load range.
Description 1.1 L6563 - L6563A Pin connection Figure 3. 1.2 Pin connection (top view) INV 1 14 Vcc COMP 2 13 GD MULT 3 12 GND CS 4 11 ZCD VFF 5 10 RUN TBO 6 9 PWM_STOP PFC_OK 7 8 PWM_LATCH Pin description Table 2. Pin description Pin N° Name Description 1 INV Inverting input of the error amplifier. The information on the output voltage of the PFC preregulator is fed into the pin through a resistor divider.
L6563 - L6563A Description Table 2. Pin description (continued) Pin N° 6 7 Name TBO PFC_OK Description Tracking Boost function. This pin provides a buffered VFF voltage. A resistor connected between this pin and GND defines a current that is sunk from pin INV (pin 1). In this way, the output voltage is changed proportionally to the mains voltage (tracking boost). If this function is not used leave this pin open. PFC pre-regulator output voltage monitoring/disable function.
Absolute maximum ratings 2 L6563 - L6563A Absolute maximum ratings Table 3. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Pin VCC 14 --- Parameter Value Unit self-limited V -0.3 to 8 V Self-limited V 3 mA -10 (source) 10 (sink) mA 0.75 W Junction temperature operating range -25 to 150 °C Storage temperature -55 to 150 °C Value Unit 120 °C/W IC supply voltage (Icc = 20mA) 2, 4 to 6, 8 Analog inputs & outputs to 10 Max. pin voltage (Ipin = 1 mA) --- 1, 3, 7 IPWM_STOP 10 Max.
L6563 - L6563A 4 Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics Table 5. Electrical characteristics ( -25°C < TJ < +125°C, VCC = 12V, Co = 1nF between pin GD and GND, CFF =1µF between pin VFF and GND; unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test condition Min Typ Max Unit 22 V Supply voltage Vcc Operating range After turn-on VccOn Turn-on threshold (1) 11 12 13 V VccOff Turn-off threshold (1) 8.7 9.5 10.3 V 2.7 V 25 28 V Hys Hysteresis VZ Zener Voltage 10.
Electrical characteristics L6563 - L6563A Table 5. Electrical characteristics (continued) ( -25°C < TJ < +125°C, VCC = 12V, Co = 1nF between pin GD and GND, CFF =1µF between pin VFF and GND; unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter VINVCLAMP Internal clamp level Gv Voltage gain GB Gain-bandwidth product ICOMP VCOMP Test condition Min Typ Max Unit IINV = 1 mA 9 9.5 V Open loop 60 80 dB 1 MHz Source current VCOMP = 4V, VINV = 2.4 V -2 -3.5 Sink current VCOMP = 4V, VINV = 2.
L6563 - L6563A Electrical characteristics Table 5. Electrical characteristics (continued) ( -25°C < TJ < +125°C, VCC = 12V, Co = 1nF between pin GD and GND, CFF =1µF between pin VFF and GND; unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test condition Min Typ Max Unit Zero current detector VZCDH Upper clamp voltage IZCD = 2.5 mA 5.0 5.7 VZCDL Lower clamp voltage IZCD = - 2.5 mA -0.3 0 VZCDA Arming voltage (positive-going edge) (4) 1.
Electrical characteristics L6563 - L6563A Table 5. Electrical characteristics (continued) ( -25°C < TJ < +125°C, VCC = 12V, Co = 1nF between pin GD and GND, CFF =1µF between pin VFF and GND; unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test condition Min Typ Max Unit -1 µA Run function IRUN Input bias current VRUN = 0 to 3 V VDIS Disable threshold Voltage falling (2) 0.5 0.52 0.54 V VEN Enable threshold Voltage rising (2) 0.56 0.6 0.64 V 75 150 300 µs IGDsource = 20 mA 2 2.
L6563 - L6563A Typical electrical performance 5 Typical electrical performance Figure 4. Supply current vs supply voltage Figure 5. VCC Zener voltage vs TJ Vccz (pin 14) (V) 28 Icc (mA) 10 27 5 26 1 0.5 25 0.1 24 0.05 Co = 1nF f = 70 kHz Tj = 25°C 0.01 0.005 23 0 0 Figure 6. Icc 5 10 15 Vcc(V) 20 22 -50 25 0 50 IC consumption vs TJ Figure 7. 150 Feedback reference vs TJ VREF (pin 1) 10 (V) 2.6 (mA) Operating 5 Vcc = 12 V Quiescent 2 2.
Typical electrical performance L6563 - L6563A Figure 10. Static OVP level vs TJ Figure 11. Vcs clamp vs TJ VCSx (pin 4) VCOMP (pin 2) (V) 2.5 (V) 1.5 2.4 Vcc = 12 V 2.3 1.3 2.2 1.2 2.1 1.1 2 -50 0 50 100 Vcc = 12 V VCOMP = Upper clamp 1.4 1 -50 150 0 Tj (°C) Figure 12. Dynamic OVP current vs TJ (normalized value) IOVP 50 100 150 Tj (°C) Figure 13.
L6563 - L6563A Typical electrical performance Figure 16. Multiplier characteristics @ VFF = 1V Figure 17. ZCD clamp levels vs TJ VCS (pin 4) VCOMP (pin 2) (V) (V) upper voltage clamp Vcc = 12 V Tj = 25 °C 1 VZCD (pin 11) (V) 5.5 7 Upper clamp 6 5.0 5 4.5 0.8 Vcc = 12 V IZCD = ±2.5 mA 4 4.0 3 0.6 2 3.5 0.4 1 3.0 0.2 Lower clamp 0 2.6 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -50 1.2 0 VMULT (pin 3) (V) 50 100 150 Tj (°C) Figure 18. Multiplier characteristics @ VFF = 3V Figure 19.
Typical electrical performance L6563 - L6563A Figure 22. TBO current mismatch vs TJ 100· Figure 23. RUN thresholds vs TJ I(INV)-I(TBO) I(INV) Vpin10 (V) -0.8 1.0 Vcc = 12 V -1.0 Vcc = 12 V 0.8 -1.2 0.6 -1.4 ITBO = 250 µA ON OFF -1.6 0.4 -1.8 -2.0 0.2 ITBO = 25 µA -2.2 -2.4 -50 0 50 100 0.0 -50 150 0 Figure 24. TBO-INV current mismatch vs TBO currents 100· 50 I(INV)-I(TBO) I(INV) 150 Figure 25. PWM_LATCH high saturation vs TJ Vpin8 5.3 (V) -1.6 Vcc = 12 V 5.
L6563 - L6563A Typical electrical performance Figure 28. PFC_OK thresholds vs TJ Figure 29. UVLO saturation vs TJ Vpin7 (V) 3.0 Vpin15 (V) 1.1 Vcc = 0 V Latch-off 2.0 1 Vcc = 12 V 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.7 ON 0.2 0.6 OFF 0.1 -50 0 50 100 0.5 -50 150 0 50 100 150 Tj (°C) Tj (°C) Figure 30. Start-up timer vs TJ Figure 31.
Application information L6563 - L6563A 6 Application information 6.1 Overvoltage protection Normally, the voltage control loop keeps the output voltage VO of the PFC pre-regulator close to its nominal value, set by the ratio of the resistors R1 and R2 of the output divider. Neglecting the ripple components, under steady state conditions the current through R1 equals that through R2. Considering that the non-inverting input of the error amplifier is internally biased at 2.
L6563 - L6563A Application information An important advantage of this technique is that the overvoltage level can be set independently of the regulated output voltage: the latter depends on the ratio of R1 to R2, the former on the individual value of R1. Another advantage is the precision: the tolerance of the detection current is 15%, which means 15% tolerance on the ∆VO. Since it is usually much smaller than Vo, the tolerance on the absolute value will be proportionally reduced.
Application information 6.2 L6563 - L6563A Feedback Failure Protection (FFP) The OVP function above described is able to handle "normal" overvoltage conditions, i.e. those resulting from an abrupt load/line change or occurring at start-up.
L6563 - L6563A Application information Figure 35. Voltage feedforward: squarer-divider (1/V2) block diagram and transfer characteristic Rectified mains current reference (Vcsx) E/A output (VCOMP) MULTIPLIER R5 Vcsx 2 1.5 VCOMP=4V "ideal" diode 1/V - 2 1 + 9.5V L6563 L6563A Actual Ideal 3 MULT R6 5 0.5 VFF CFF RFF 0 0 0.
Application information L6563 - L6563A The twice-mains-frequency (2·fL) ripple appearing across CFF is triangular with a peak-topeak amplitude that, with good approximation, is given by: Equation 4 2V MULTpk ∆V FF = --------------------------------------1 + 4f L R FF C FF where fL is the line frequency.
L6563 - L6563A 6.4 Application information THD optimizer circuit The L6563/A is provided with a special circuit that reduces the conduction dead-angle occurring to the AC input current near the zero-crossings of the line voltage (crossover distortion). In this way the THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of the current is considerably reduced. A major cause of this distortion is the inability of the system to transfer energy effectively when the instantaneous line voltage is very low.
Application information L6563 - L6563A Figure 38. THD optimization: standard TM PFC controller (left side) and L6563/A (right side) Input current Input current Rectified mains voltage Imains Input current Rectified mains voltage Imains Input current MOSFET's drainVdrain voltage MOSFET's drainVdrain voltage Essentially, the circuit artificially increases the ON-time of the power switch with a positive offset added to the output of the multiplier in the proximity of the line voltage zero-crossings.
L6563 - L6563A 6.5 Application information Tracking Boost function In some applications it may be advantageous to regulate the output voltage of the PFC preregulator so that it tracks the RMS input voltage rather than at a fixed value like in conventional boost pre-regulators. This is commonly referred to as "tracking boost" or "follower boost" approach. With this IC the function can be realized by connecting a resistor (RT) between the TBO pin and ground.
Application information L6563 - L6563A to set the output voltage at the desired values use the following design procedure: 1. Determine the input RMS voltage Vinclamp that produces Vo = Vox: Equation 6 Vox – Vo 1 Vox – Vo 2 Vin clamp = --------------------------- ⋅ Vin 2 – --------------------------- ⋅ Vin 1 Vo 2 – Vo 1 Vo 2 – Vo 1 and choose a value Vinx such that Vin2 = Vinx < Vinclamp.
L6563 - L6563A 5. Application information Check that the maximum current sourced by the TBO pin (pin 6) does not exceed the maximum specified (0.25mA): Equation 10 3 –3 I TBOmax = ------- ≤ 0.25 ⋅ 10 RT In the following Mathcad® sheet, as an example, the calculation is shown for the circuit illustrated in Figure 40. Figure 41 shows the internal block diagram of the tracking boost function.
Application information L6563 - L6563A Step 4 Vin 2 – Vin 1 R2: = 2.5 ⋅ R1 ⋅ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------( Vo 1 – 2.5 ) ⋅ Vin 2 – ( Vo 2 – 2.5 ) ⋅ Vin 1 R2 = 4.762 x 104 Ω RT = 2.114 x 104 Ω Vin 2 – Vin 1 R T : = k ⋅ 2 ⋅ R1 ⋅ -----------------------------Vo 2 – Vo 1 Step 5 3 3 I TBOmax : = ------- ⋅ 10 RT Vo(Vi): = ITBOmax = 0.142 mA V MULTpk ← k ⋅ 2 ⋅ Vi Vo(Vin1) = 200V V TBO ← if ( V MULTpk < 3,V MULTpk ,3 ) R1 2.
L6563 - L6563A Application information Figure 40. 80W, wide-range-mains PFC pre-regulator with tracking boost function active D1 STTH1L06 Vo=200 to 385 V Po=80W NTC T Supply Voltage 10.3 to 22V FUSE 4A/250V Vac (88V to 264V) + BRIDGE 4 x 1N4007 C1 0.22 µF 400V R3 68 kΩ R1a 3.3 MΩ R1b 3.3 MΩ 8 9 14 12 C2 2.2nF C6 100 nF 11 13 R8a 1 MΩ R10a 3.3 MΩ R8b 1 MΩ R10b 3.3 MΩ MOS STP8NM50 R6 10 Ω 1 2 L6563 3 - R2 51.
Application information L6563 - L6563A boost inductor the inrush current coming from the bridge rectifier adds up to the switched current and, furthermore, there is little or no voltage available for demagnetization. To cope with a saturated inductor, the L6563 is provided with a second comparator on the current sense pin (CS, pin 4) that stops and latches off the IC if the voltage, normally limited within 1.1V, exceeds 1.7V.
L6563 - L6563A Application information Figure 43. Interface circuits that let DC-DC converter’s controller IC disable the L6563/A at light load 16 ST-BY 16 L6563 L5991/A L6563 L5991/A 7 4 ST-BY 14 4 Vref Vref Vcc PFC_OK 27 kΩ 100 nF 100 nF 47 kΩ BC557 100 kΩ 150 kΩ BC557 100 kΩ BC547 Supply_Bus BC557 27 kΩ 100 nF 15 kΩ 150 kΩ BC547 BC547 150 kΩ 150 kΩ BC557 100 kΩ VREF 10 kΩ Vcc 16 L6668 8.2 V Vcc 2.2 kΩ 14 (RUN) (10) 14 L6599 L6563 L6563A PFC_STOP 2.
Application information L6563 - L6563A Figure 44. Interface circuits that let the L6563/A switch on or off a PWM controller If this is not the case or it is not possible to achieve a start-up delay long enough (because this prevents the DC-DC stage from starting up correctly) or, simply, the PWM controller is devoid of soft start, the arrangement of Figure 45 lets the DC-DC converter start-up when the voltage generated by the PFC stage reaches a preset value.
L6563 - L6563A Application information IC shutdown upon brownout can be easily realized as shown in Figure 46 The scheme on the left is of general use, the one on the right can be used if the bias levels of the multiplier and the RFF·CFF time constant are compatible with the specified brownout level and with the specified holdup time respectively. In Table 6 it is possible to find a summary of all of the above mentioned working conditions that cause the device to stop operating. Figure 46.
Application examples and ideas 7 L6563 - L6563A Application examples and ideas Figure 47. Demo board (EVAL6563-80W) 80W, Wide-range, Tracking Boost: Electrical schematic D1 STTH2L06 Daux 1N4007 NTC 2.5 Ω Vo=220 to 390 V Po = 80 W T R3A R3B D3 1N4148 120 kΩ 120 kΩ D2 20 V FUSE 4A/250V + P1 1W08G C1 0.
L6563 - L6563A Application examples and ideas Figure 49. EVAL6563-80W: PCB layout, soldering side (Top view) Table 7. EVAL6563-80W: Evaluation results at full load Note: Vin (VAC) Pin (W) Vo (VDC) ∆Vo (Vpk-pk) Po (W) η (%) PF THD (%) 90 85.3 219.4 16.6 79.64 93.4 0.999 3.7 115 84.9 244.1 15.0 80.80 95.2 0.998 4.3 135 83.7 263.7 13.9 80.16 95.8 0.997 4.8 180 83.5 307.6 14.5 80.28 96.1 0.993 6.0 230 85.2 356.7 13.0 81.33 95.5 0.984 7.7 265 85.0 390.6 12.
Application examples and ideas L6563 - L6563A Figure 50. EVAL6563-80W: Vout vs. Vin relationship (tracking boost) Figure 51.
L6563 - L6563A Application examples and ideas Figure 52. 250W, wide-range-mains PFC pre-regulator with fixed output voltage D1 1N5406 L1 D2 STTH5L06 R1A 820 k FUSE 8A/250V B1 KBU8M + R3 47 k R5 6.8 k R1B 820 k C1 1 µF 400V 11 C2 2 R11A 1.87 M R9B 1M C4 1 µF R11B 1.87 M 1 7 14 D3 1N4148 6 1 µF L6563 3 Vac 88V to 264V Vout = 400V Pout = 250 W R9A 1M R4 1M Vcc 10.3 to 22 V NTC1 2.
Application examples and ideas L6563 - L6563A Figure 54. Demagnetization sensing without auxiliary winding RZCD CZCD ZCD Vinac Vout 9 L6563 L6563A Figure 55.
L6563 - L6563A 8 Package mechanical data Package mechanical data In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect . The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
Revision history 9 L6563 - L6563A Revision history Table 10. Revision history 38/39 Date Revision Changes 13-Nov-2004 1 First issue 24-Sep-2005 2 Changed the maturity from “Preliminary data” to “Datasheet” 17-Nov-2006 3 Added new part number L6563A (Table 2) Updated the Section 4 on page 7 & Section 7 on page 32 the document has been reformatted 12-Mar-2007 4 Replaced block diagram, added Figure 37 on page 21 and minor editor changes.
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