9.0
Table Of Contents
- Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Getting Into the Details
- Setting Up Your System
- VST Connections
- Project Window
- Project Handling
- Tracks
- Track Handling
- Adding Tracks
- Removing Tracks
- Moving Tracks in the Track List
- Renaming Tracks
- Coloring Tracks
- Showing Track Pictures
- Setting the Track Height
- Selecting Tracks
- Duplicating Tracks
- Disabling Tracks (Cubase Elements only)
- Organizing Tracks in Folder Tracks
- Handling Overlapping Audio
- How Events are Displayed on Folder Tracks
- Modifying Event Display on Folder Tracks
- Track Presets
- Parts and Events
- Events
- Parts
- Editing Techniques for Parts and Events
- Range Editing
- Playback and Transport
- Virtual Keyboard
- Recording
- Quantizing MIDI and Audio
- Fades and Crossfades
- Arranger Track (Cubase Elements only)
- Markers
- MixConsole
- MixConsole in Lower Zone
- MixConsole Window
- Audio Effects
- Audio Processing and Functions
- Sample Editor
- Hitpoints
- Audio Part Editor
- Controlling Sample Playback with Sampler Tracks (Cubase Elements only)
- Pool
- Pool Window
- Working with the Pool
- Renaming Clips or Regions in the Pool
- Duplicating Clips in the Pool
- Inserting Clips into a Project
- Deleting Clips from the Pool
- Locating Events and Clips
- Searching for Audio Files
- About Missing Files
- Auditioning Clips in the Pool
- Opening Clips in the Sample Editor
- Importing Media
- Exporting Regions as Audio Files
- Changing the Pool Record Folder
- Organizing Clips and Folders
- Applying Processing to Clips in the Pool
- Minimizing Files
- Converting Files
- Conforming Files
- Extracting Audio from Video File
- MediaBay
- Automation
- VST Instruments
- Adding VST Instruments (not in Cubase LE)
- Creating Instrument Tracks
- VST Instruments in the Right Zone (not in Cubase LE)
- VST Instruments Window (not in Cubase LE)
- VST Instruments Toolbar (not in Cubase LE)
- VST Instrument Controls (not in Cubase LE)
- Presets for Instruments
- Playing Back VST Instruments
- About Latency
- Import and Export Options
- VST Quick Controls (not in Cubase LE)
- Installing and Managing Plug-ins
- Remote controlling Cubase
- MIDI Realtime Parameters
- Using MIDI devices
- MIDI Processing
- MIDI Editors
- Common MIDI Editor Functions
- Key Editor
- Key Editor Operations
- Inserting Note Events with the Object Selection Tool
- Drawing Note Events with the Draw Tool
- Modifying Note Values while Inserting Notes
- Drawing Note Events with the Line Tool
- Moving and Transposing Note Events
- Resizing Note Events
- Using the Trim Tool
- Splitting Note Events
- Gluing Note Events
- Changing the Pitch of Chords (Cubase Elements only)
- Changing the Voicing of Chords (Cubase Elements only)
- Chord Editing Section (Cubase Elements only)
- Inserting Chords (Cubase Elements only)
- Applying Chord Events to Note Events
- Drum Map Handling
- Editing Note Events via MIDI Input
- Step Input
- Using the Controller Display
- Selecting Controllers within the Note Range
- Score Editor
- Score Editor Operations
- Drum Editor
- Drum Editor Operations
- Drum Maps
- Chord Functions
- Chord Pads
- Editing Tempo and Time Signature
- Export Audio Mixdown
- Synchronization
- Video
- ReWire (not in Cubase LE)
- Key Commands
- File handling
- Customizing
- Optimizing
- Preferences
- Index
Synchronization
Timecode (positional references)
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Timecode (positional references)
The position of any device is most often described using timecode. Timecode represents time
using hours, minutes, seconds, and frames to provide a location for each device. Each frame
represents a visual film or video frame.
Timecode can be communicated in several ways:
•
LTC (Longitudinal Timecode) is an analog signal that can be recorded on tape. It should
be used for positional information primarily. It can also be used for speed and phase
information as a last resort if no other clock source is available.
•
VITC (Vertical Interval Timecode) is contained within a composite video signal. It is
recorded onto video tape and is physically tied to each video frame.
•
MTC (MIDI Timecode) is identical to LTC except that it is a digital signal transmitted via
MIDI.
Timecode standards
Timecode has several standards. The subject of the various timecode formats can be very
confusing due to the use and misuse of the shorthand names for specific timecode standards
and frame rates. The reasons for this confusion are described in detail below. The timecode
format can be divided into 2 variables: frame count and frame rate.
Frame count (frames per second)
The frame count of timecode defines the standard with which it is labeled. There are 4
timecode standards:
24
fps Film (F)
This frame count is the traditional count for film. It is also used for HD video
formats and commonly referred to as “24 p”. However, with HD video, the actual
frame rate or speed of the video sync reference is slower, 23.976 frames per
second, so timecode does not reflect the actual realtime on the clock for 24p HD
video.
25
fps PAL (P)
This is the broadcast video standard frame count for European (and other PAL
countries) television broadcast.
30
fps non-drop SMPTE (N)
This is the frame count of NTSC broadcast video. However, the actual frame rate
or speed of the video format runs at 29.97 fps. This timecode clock does not run
in realtime. It is slightly slower by 0.1 %.
30
fps drop-frame SMPTE (D)
The 30 fps drop-frame count is an adaptation that allows a timecode display
running at 29.97 fps to actually show the clock-on-the-wall-time of the timeline
by “dropping” or skipping specific frame numbers in order to “catch the clock up”
to realtime.
Confused? Just remember to keep the timecode standard (or frame count) and frame rate
(or speed) separate.