APPLICATIONS MANUAL 80821860
Trademark Acknowledgements LaserPrinter 4: StarMicronicsCo., Ltd. PageMaker: Aldus Corporation BitStream, Zapf Humanist: BitstreamInc. Canon: CanonInc. HP, LaserJet ffP: Hewlett-PackardCompany LaaerControl: Insight Dcvelcpment Inc. IBM PC: IntematicmalBusiness MachinesCorp. Optim~ Century Schoolbook: Linotype Corporation Lotus 1-2-3: Lotus DevelopmentCorporation MS-DOS, Microsoft BASIC, Window%Word: Microsoft corporation MultiMate: Multimatcfntematicnal Epson, FX-8SO:.
PREFACE About this manual This Star LaserPrinter4 ApplicationsManual gives you the information you need to programthe Star MicronicsLaserPrinter4. Why wouldyou read this book? Mostpeopleusing a laser printerjust run softwarepackageswithbuilt-inprinterdrivers,whichlookaftereverything theircomputerssendtheirprinters. Butmanyofus- smallbusinesspeople and home computerusers, not to mention the wizards who write those softwarepackages—wanttobenefitfromallthenewfeaturesofferedbyour pnntem.
What’sin this manual? ● ● ● ● In “Gettingto Know Your Star LaserPrinter4“ we providea list of the features that make this a splendid printer, to help you choose which feahues you want to exploit. There’s a bit on how laser printerswork, insideand out. The chapterthen explainssoftwarein generalterms, including how to write control and Escape commands to make those feahues work.
Conventions Incidentally,oneof thoseTechnicalSupplementtablessuggestsa coupleof typographicconventionswe’lluse. Baseten (decimal)numberswillgenerally be used here; if we have to use base sixteennumbers(hexadecimal) we’ll expresslysay so. Andsecond,thelowercaseL ispracticallyidenticalto thenumberone(1versus 1). BecauselowercaseL is used in manycommanddescriptions,we’ll use the character/to avoidconfusion.
TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER1 GETTINGTO KNOWYOURSTAR 1 LASERPRINTER4 1.1StarLaserPrinter 4 Hardware...........................................................1 1.2StarLaserPrinter 4 Software........................................................-5 13 CHAPTER2 CONTROLLINGYOURPRINTER 2.1PrinterParameters.................................................................... O..... 13 2.2Controlling thePrinter.................................................................... 16 2.3Controlling thePage.............
Getting to Know Your Star LaserPrinter 4 ‘” “ T& chapterintroducesboththe hardwareand softwareaspectsof the Star LaserPrinter4’s personality,from fonts and print engine to ASCII and Escape sequences. 1.1 STARLASERPRINTER4 HARDWARE 1.1.1 Versatility YourStarMicronicsStarLaserPrinter4workswithpracticallyall commercial softwareprogramsandcomputers.
TheStarLaserPrinter4isidealfordesktoppublishing.Thepagesitproduces makeperfectphotocopyor instant-printmasters.And all the main desktop publishingsystems,includingAldusCorporation’sPageMaker andXerox VenturaPubisher,worksplendidlywiththeStarLaserPrinter4.With“page makeup”programsliketheseyou willbe able—maybefor the firsttime— to delivercommunicationswith the impactof top-notchgraphics. 1.1.2Font options Youcan print with an amazinglywidevarietyof typefontsand sizes.
1.2.3Howyour Iaserprinter communicates Your computercommunicateswith the Star LaserPrinter4 througheither apardef cableor one of twokindsof serialcable.Theprinter’sinterjzce, the link or boundaryit shares with your computer,defines whether the printerwill acceptcharactersandcommandsfromyourcomputerone byte or one bit at a time. A bit is the smallestunitof computeror printermemory.It haseithera low or highelectriccharge,whichwe representwiththe digitsOand 1.
I 1.2.5 ThePrint engine It’s the print engine that-formsthe actual charactersand graphics.The enginedirectsitslaser,apinpointstreamof lightpulses,throughmirrorsand lensesonto the surfaceof a positively-chargedrotatingdrum. Mirror Lens Laser beam + ~%a~nirr~ mirror nductor laser diode Photosensitive drum Asthelaserscans,it “draws”thepage-mapstoredin yourprinter’smemory. Wherevera lightpulsestrikes,that tiny part of the drumdropsto a neutral electricalcharge.
1.2 STARLASERPRINTER4 SOFTWARE 1.2.1 Binaryand hexadecimalarithmetic 1fyou already know what hexadecimalnumbers are, you can skip this sectionand go aheadto read aboutASCII. The decimalnumber systemwith which we’re all familiaris a positional counting system. There’s the “ones” position, the “tens” position, the “hundreds”positionandsoon. Eachhigherpositionis worthten timesmore thanthe positionto the rightof it, sincethedecimalsystemusesthe baseof ten.
The importantthingto realizeis thatthere’smorethanone wayto showthe samenumericvalue.Computerprogrammers,forexample,occasionallyuse the hexadecimalsystembecauseit’s so compact.(Programmersoftenjust say “hex”.)This binarynumber: 1010010111111101001101 1111101101OO1O11O1OOOO1OO1 looksquiteabittidierwhenitiswrittenasA5FD37ED2D09, whichmeans the same thing. 1.2.
o x 27 = o 1 x 26 = 64 0 x 25 = o 0 x 24 = o 1 X 23 = 8 0 x 2’ = o 1x 21 = 2 0 x 2° = Q 74 Decimal zone digits 0100 1010 Binary 4 A Hexadecimal The ASCII table in the TechnicalSupplementshows all these equivalent ~presentationsfor the symbolsyour laser printer understands.The table organizesthemin ascendingorder.In fact,ASCIIis organizedin a waythat actuallymakessense. Flip back therefor a quicklook rightnow.
Controlcodesmostlyhandlecommunicationsbetweenyourcomputerand theprinteratthelowestlevel,atcablelevel.Forexample,a coupleofcontrol codesmakesurethe printerbuffer(yourprinter’sstoragememory)doesn’t overflow. In this book we’ll indicate control codes enclosed by angle bracketsto their abbreviationsin the table: =&I%-means the Form Feed controlcode,whichadvancestheprinterto thenextpagejust as thePRINT button.does. 1.2.
1.2.5Printerdrivers Most softwarepackagesahvadyincludethe printercommandsthey need. The programsthat sendcommandsto theprinterso you don’thaveto enter them yourselfa~ calledprinter drivers. Manyprogramsask you to installor configureyourprinter,whichusually meanskeyinginto a menuthe particularsetupinformationdescribingyour StarLaserPrinter4. You enter suchthingsas how you want to underline, alterline spacing,or move to a new print position.
1.2.7A BASICexample Here’san exampleyou can typein rightnow, to clarifywhatwe’resaying. It’s written in Microsoft BASIC for a computerthat uses the MS-DOS operatingsystem,so if you have a differentcomputeror BASICyou may haveto translatea bit.We’llshowcommandsthe waythey’rewrittenfor an Epsondot-matrixprinterbecauseyourStarLaserPrinter4understandsthose commands. TheLPRINTcommandsall senddatato theprinter.If thedatais something you want printedyoujust put it in quotationmarks.
1 Most programminglanguages,and someversionsof BASIC,let you treat the printeras a file to whichyou can senddata.Whenyou write a program withoneof theselanguagesyou“open”theprinterfile,printintoit, andthen “close”the file whenyou’redone.This programmingjargon soundsfunny if you’renot used to it— but it works. A fewprogramminglanguageslet yousendcommandsto theprintera third way. Applesoft BASIC is one. With it, you can switch between printer outputand screenoutput. 1.2.
MEMO 12
Controlling YourPrinter YoucancontrolyourStarLaserPrinter4intwoways,eitherthmughcontrol panelparameters or throughsoftwarecomrnana!s.In this chapterwe will considerprintercontrolsmostlyfrom the perspectiveof the controlpanel. However,we’ll also meet four specialcommands,the Star LaserPrinter4 superset.
[TEST/>]buttonforthrecsecondhandreleaseitjust afterSTATUSSHEET is displayedwhenthe laser printeris offline,it finishesprintingthe current page and then feedsin and prints a statussheet. Somebuttonson the panellet you performtwo functions.Holdingone of those buttons down, rather than quickly pressing it, selects a different operation.For example,holdingdown the [TEST/>]button for over six secondsafter STATUSSHEETis displayedmakesthe Star LaserPrinter4 print its test pattern. 2.1.
● ● ● the power-onsettingsin effect when you first turn on the printer, your initialsettingsfor one particularsession, and the currentsettingsthat the printeris usingnow. These are in priorityorder.The currentsettingsalwaysoverridethe initial sessionsettings,whichin turnoverridethepower-onsettings,whichin turn overridethe factorysettings. FactorysettingsareprogrammedintotheStarLaserPrinter4whenit is built at the factory.Your printerkeepsthe factorysettingsfor its parametersin ROM;theyneverchange.
I It’s actuallyprettyeasy. Flippingthroughand settingparametersfrom the panel is describedin detailin the StarL.userPrinter4 OperationsManual. Basically,all you do is press the [ < ] or [ > ] buttonsto scrollthroughthe sequenceof possibleparametersandvalues,whichis clearlyshownon the paneldisplay.Youpress [ v ] whenyouwantto go downandscrollthrough a lower menu level. And you also press [ v ] when you want to save a particularmenu item as the valuefor a currentparametersetting.
Serialinterface:rate If you askfor the Serialinterfaceyou’llhaveto tell yourprintermoreabout how the datawillbe comingin-in particularits rate and unit size and the meaningsof any specialbits. The Rate parameterspecifieshow fast data will be arriving,measuredin baud(namedaftertheFrenchcommunicationsengineerJeanBaudot).Pick any of the followingdata transferrates: 300 baud 600 baud 1200baud 2400baud 4800 baud 9600 baud (the default) 19200baud. Roughly,onecharacter secondworksoutto 11baud.
SomepmgrammemcalltheXONand XOFFcontrolcodes“kisson andkiss off’ otherscallthesameprotocolDC1andDC3(fordevicecontrol).Either way,thesecodeslet yourprinterrunthe show,tellingthe computerwhento start and stop sendingdata. Yourprinterasksto havedata held back when its memoryis nearlyfull or when it sensesan ERRORcondition. DTR (DataTerminalReady)protocoldoes the same thing slightlydifferently.
● ● Hewlett-PackardLaserJet11P EpsonFX-850 Otherlaserprintersmay offersuchemulationstoo,but oftenrequireinstallation of a new circuitboard for each emulation.Star Micmnicshas built these two emulationsinto the Star LaserPrinter4. You selectwhichemulationyou want eitherby selectingit from the print programmenuon the StarLaserPrinter4’s controlpanel,or by sendingthe printerone of the supersetcommandsat the end of this chapter. 2.2.
I 2.2.6 Hints: Thehex dump . To make your Star LaserPrinter4 ‘printin hexadecimalratherthan the usualASCIIsymbols,pressthecontrolpanelbuttonsthatput the printer offline and in PROGRAMmode. Moveto the EMULATIONparameter’s HEX DUMPsettingand selectON. ● ● ● SomecontrolorEscapecodescanbeproblemson a fewcomputers;those computemchangecertaincodeswhensendingthemto the printer.If you thinkyou havethisproblemyouneedto see exactlywhatyourprinteris receiving.
For the Feedervalueof this PAPERFEEDparameter,you first entereither multi-purposetray, manualfeed or cassette(option)to indicatewhereyou wantpaperfed from.Themulti-purposetrayhandlesvarioustypesandsizes of paper(htter, Legal,A4,B5,Executive,OHPsheets,Labels,Envelopes). Manualfeedmeansyoufeedeachsheetbyhandfromthemulti-purposetray. The cassettetray automaticallyfeedssinglesheets,muchlike sheetfeeders on othertypes of printers. Thedefaultpapersizeis A4, youcanspecifyothersizesgivenbelowtoo.
I ● ● If you frequentlychangepaperweights,you will probablyget skewing problems—lines that print at an anglebecauseof misfeeding.For best results,whenyourStarLaserPrinter4is firstsetup havethepaperfeeder “squared”for paperof at least 60 grams.Lighterpaper,thoughcheaper, isn’t reallythe way to economize. Wantto printon yourown preprintedletterhead?Fine—so long as your logo’isn’t thermographed.Thick coloredink may look luxurious,but it can also windup stuckalloveryourprinter’sroller.
I 2.3.3 TheLAYOUTparameter The layoutor@mat or setup of a page refersto how text is positionedon the page. Layout includespage orientation,margins and the spacing of charactersacrossand lines down the page. You can controlthese with the LAYOUTparameter. You probably won’t use the LAYOUT parameter on the front panel’s piograrnmenu very much though.Mostof the time you’lleitherleavethe Star LaserPrinter4 with its defaultsettings,or look after page formatting with commandsyou send fmm your computer.
Margins,columnsand lines Youcanchangemarginsettingsforallfouredgesofapage.Theleftandright side marginscan have valuesfmm Oto 132,definingthe margin columns betweenwhich words and imagescan be printed.And the top and bottom marginscan be set at anywherefrom Oto 112lines. , Top Margin , Text Length { Portrait Orientation \ Bottom Margin / Landscape Orientation Themeaningof a line (sometimescalleda “row”)is definedby the vertical motionindex(VMI).
line-feedcommands.You can also move to tab settingsboth horizontally and vertically(handyfor tablesand blankforms,or makingroom for your diagrams). But those aren’tall. Dependingon whichprinteremulationyou are using, you can tell the StarLaserPrinter4 to movethe print positionverticallyor horizontallyin incrementsof: 1/10,1/12or similarfractionsof an inch (pitch settings), 1/48,1/60,1/72,1/120or 1/216inch (lineor columndefinitions), 1/300inch (dots),or 1/720inch (tenthsof a point).
Font attributes:a preview Orientation(portraitor landscapeas describedearlier)is usuallythoughtof as one attributeof a font; it’s not really a page formattingissue. Besides orientation,the fonts with whichyou print have these attributes: Symbolset is sometimescalled“characterset”- whichcan be confusing, sincesomepeoplesay “characterset”whenthey mean a font.Symbolsets are subgroupsof a font’s symbolsthat are most appropriatefor particular countries,such as the UK (f), France(h),Latin America(fl)or Japan @).
I includeprinter drivers,which send commandsto the printerso you don’t haveto typethem yourself.Someof thoseprogramsask you to key in setup paramettm about your printer. Other programs let you put printer commandsbeforeor insidethe documentyou wantto print. Butmaybethe softwareyouusedoesn’thaveprinterdriversfor anyprinter yourStar LaserPrinter4 emulates:You stillmightnothaveto writeprinter cdmmandsyourself. Severalcompaniessell programsthat look after laser-printingcommands for such software.
I Whenyou start a new emulationyou alwaysstart a new page. Note:alwayssendCarriage ReturnandFormFeed(controlcodesand -@F>)just befo~ you givethis ChangeEmulationcommand. Theseforce the printerto print anypartialpagein its memoryand starta new pagewith the new emulation.If you forgetto issue these controlcodes first the Star LaserPrinter4willdothemforyou-but yourChangeEmulationcommand willjust reset the printer’sparametersto their initialdefaults,and not give you the emulationyou ask for.
tationcommandyoumaywantto followit withEscapesequencesto change thesideandtopmarginsandpaperlengthsettings.(Alternatively,youcould put the printerofflineand reset these fmm the controlpanel, as described underLAYOUTearlier.) 2.5.5 ThePaper Size command The Paper Size supersetcommandlets you changethe papersizein which the Star LaserPrinter4 prints. This is the commandthat defines what size the Star LaserPrinter4 will accept.
I For the value of n you enter a numberfrom this table: n 1 2 4 5 PAPER FEEDER Multi-purposetray Multi-purposetray for one sheet, then switches to the optionalcassette Optionalcassette Optionalcassettefor onesheet,thenswitchesto theMuMpurposetray Thiscommand,if givenatthebeginningof a page,controlsthefeederof the sheeton which to printthat page. If the commandis notatthebeginningof thepage,it willforcea FormFeed and controlthe feeder of the sheet on which to print the new page which follows.
tie fontsyouuse determinewhatyourpageswilllooklike. In this chapter we’ll first clari~ the meaningsof wordspeopleuse when they talk about fonts. Next we’ll examinethe threekindsof fonts(internal,cartridgeand downloaded) that you can use on your Star LaserPrinter4. We’ll cover the particularsets of symbolsyou can choosefor those fontstoo. Finally,we’ll find out how to load the printerwith your selectionof fonts. 3.1 FONTTERMINOLOGY 3.1.1 Typefacesand fonts First, a few definitions.
Narrowcondensedfacesusedto be called“compnxsed”.They cram about fivecharactemin thespacewherethreeusuallygo--ideal for spreadsheets. An extended face, particularlyon a dot-matrixprinter, goes by several names:“expanded,““enlarged”or’’double-width’ ’printing.Nomatterwhat it’s called,extendedprintis widerthanit is high,andcanbe fairlyeffective in page headings. Italiccharacters(sometimescalled“oblique”)are slanted.Ordinaryupright charactemm oftencalled“reman”.
The font height(24 points) is measured from ●scenderto descender. The o has beenkerned closer to th- f. I - 4 A font is a complete set of characters in a particular size and type[ ace. 1 Uu Proportional spacing Ascender Descender Baseline Swif L;ading is tho baselineto baseline m~asuremcnt. 3.1.3 Font spacingandpitch You probably first heard the word pitch in connectionwith typewriters. Typewntersnonnallyusemonospacedspacing:theygiveeachcharacterthe same amountof spaceon the line.
3.2 HOWTHE STAR LASERPRINTER4 STORESFONTS 3.2.1 Bit-mappedfonts StarMicronicshasearneda reputationfor attractive,well-designedfontson its printers,and this laser printercontinuesthe tradition. The Star LaserPrinter4 uses bit-mappedfonts.Each characters madeup of a patternor “map”of dots,just like characterson a dot-matrixprinteror on your computerscreen.Resolutionmakes the difference:to make each characterthe StarLaserPrinter4 uses ten or twentytimesas many dots as a dot-matrixprinteror computerscreendoes.
3.2.3 Cartridgeand downloadedfonts YourStar LaserPrinter4 can use two otherkindsof fonts,alongwiththose built into the printer. Curtridgefonts,like the internalones, are permanentlystored on ROM chips.The differenceis thatthoseROMsarein removablecartridges.Your Star LaserPrinter4 has a slot for one font cartridge. A cartridgemay hold anywherefrom half a dozen to two dozen fonts, all differingfmm the internalfontsin size, style,strokeweightor symbolset.
3.2.4 Hints: Whereto get fonts ● ● Youcanprint anydowrdoadablefontthat worksonthe HP LaserJetIIP. Severalothercompaniessell downloadablefonts which are compatible withyourStarLaserPrinter4.TheBitstreamCorporationin Bostonis one ofthemorepopulm,Conographicisanother.Xeroxincludesa setof fonts with its VenturaPublisherdesktoppublishingsoftware,whichyou can use w’ithyourprinter’sLaserJetIIP emulation. The SoftCraft company now markets a Bitstream-developedproduct called“Fontwa&’.
3.3 SYMBOLSETS Let’s summarizebriefly,to put the subjectof symbolsets in context. The attributesof a font determinewhat that font will look like when it is printed. We covered all but orientationat the start of this chapter, and orientationin the last chapter.A font’sattributesinclude: orientation(portraitor landscape) symbol set(whichwe’ll look at next) spacing(monospacedor proportional) pitch (10 or 16.
Youprobablywon’tchangesymbolsetsveryoften,unlessyouneedspecial symbolsfor your tradeor regularlywritein a languageother than English. Whenyoudoneedthem,though,inoneoranotheremulationmodeyourStar LaserPrinter4 supportssymbolsets for all these countries: U.S. (ASCII) UnitedKingdom Germany Sweden Italy Denmark Spain France Finland Norway Besidestheseyourprintersupportssetscontainingjust symbols,suchasthe Greek alphabet(13),logicsymbols(S), arrows(t), the qjistered trademark symbol(@)and so on. 3.3.
Besidesthese, all internalfontsdefaultto portraitorientation,uprightstyle (notitalics)andmediumboldness.Thetablebelowshowstheirotherdefault attributes: Typeface Spacing Pitch Font height monospaced 10 12point Courier monospaced 16.6 8.5 point LinePrinter Technically,youcanuseanyoftheStarLaserPrinter4’sresidentfontswhen yousendcommandsemulatinga particularprinter.Buteachemulationonly printsproperlywiththefontsdesignedforit.
I to getto itspossiblevalues,press[> ]to scanthroughthem,andfinallypress [ v ] to slap in the valueyou want. The proceduresfor selectinga fontfrom a computerprogramis a bit mom complicated,and dependson whichemulationmodeyou are using.These font selectionmethodsare detailedin the next two chaptem. 3.4.2’Hints:Desktoppublishingandpage design ● ● Desktoppublishingsystemshelp you automateyour specificationsfor margins,coverdesign,typefaces,font sizes,placementof graphicsand regular features.
3 Optjonalfonts . M o f a f y S L i f T c g y m v i s h s a s w T y C f m a i a b l o m s s a 7t 1 p o a f o c d o d t f t l p o u H L G B c t A y S 4c s s f e s r M i f y f d f d f f c r c p f 3.4.4 Usjngcartrjdgefonts T g a t af o ac 1 s t c y w i t s o t f 2 u e t c p m o ac f t s t f y w ( f e e c N D n i o p c o o t i O o t p y c i f t D l 3.4.
T s w k O l y c b p l f “ c s a ac t d y s w o e 3.4.
P T d y f C a a“ c f f a t f r w t c af c A m f t Yf y A P t W a A t A T p t a P W b e s A y r s e t f t h k y s i t c b T t a h m t f d f w y f c W a k i t f s r t t H p f y c e i F n o y C m o a y W T p s a d i i S p i t w d W p o y d f a i a w i P w a t t o t a u t f c b p T d t c c o y a f w p a d x i c o d af y d A y c o d t i H Lt f i d f i c y 1 m i n c s 4 o 3.4.
● ● ● A p as p S n n p R s c u y e c m t a i p t m f p f T w f M M t f d e d h p t f a o b s p f c m i ac a p o d y d m s n g H y p t r A d l f c o M o y l p b i h t s e o o y a u a t y p t c i d m p b T i n a p c i al ad d t t i f t s b p s t m m t At p i t m f i o d f t w i m s t s h t p m f o wa i a e f p t p as s Y p i y t t o t w c p y T k aw v o e L 4u ( p t a t o b 44 f f (o wo b y p y f d a i t p m I y u as t t d y w f i m l p m Y d s i y u ap s I y i an
HP LaserJetIIP ‘” “ Commands ‘ S s s H L L 1 i a e k o e 4 Y s h n t r i H L 1 m a t p c p L I B t L 1 i al p y m c o y S b c s Y w p m t t o R t i t c W f s p c a f t s m t p w l A t e o t c a a h t s 4.1 s y m p a l c t i c c g i p w t o t u t e c r w p m e t t d i t p l “ o w c a w d i C s c t w o t p n w p a p t w d b w h c a L t c a u y 2 f c af o f m C 4.1.
T i p e y d m t E s s c d m L H F a E s l c u e a w t f t e y S i L H c e n t < c i a a A s u a n y p a a < t p i t A t F e 6 i t < w y L I c w c c i B H t r T p d c s t r o y p a e ac i m t c m a p i w l i B y L E t l Q6 w s ( p e w ;“ ;C w c t “ w i c t s ( c P 6 a n t E “ c F w C s t 6 Y p n m t a t u * 1 o c W t c i t o l I k w a p o t (2 ) ; “& y p i y m w C s I f p c ac w & 6 M 1-0L T L t d w h t i t b i A i o a a 4.
H c E c c a w t s y h c s t s T c p j y c c o a f k t i t p a j o l w t t a o o t l c t a c o h F e f y m t d s t s c t w a c f f t p (S 1 (S 7 (S 3 < < < w w t s t s < botiface Cowzkr. B t i a w (S 1s o s c d b 7 3 4.2 C T P 4.2.
4.2.2 Set numberof copies Y c p Y m s i e f c u t 9 c o e t c a t a a s < & o t w p p t u y s t t p o ap i w s y s a s t X A y h t d i c p y w ( t t ns i t a t c al t t n L o 4.2.
1 T t p h t F p p w f p a p l i i m R c u t m A p f o m y w s b t a y s ar c f a d a t e o t c b r f f h y a d P a “ s 4.2.
4.3 P O Y m r T p w w o i b S o l o i t c t o p o ap i a o h af a ap f e l i e a a i t i h t l a s r 4.3.
O P P P P P L L L L * P a l A e p i l T < I y c t p A y I d al t p A a “ Executive L A L E L A L l t s @6L S o l - c S f y & p w t m c 6 6 8 8 7 8 4 5 4 * 9 1 5 6 6 5 i t & a p c n@ L t l m F c s o p t o p f L i c c m t a e w t l p 1 s ap l d t t p w g o a d am a f t c t t p t O L b t r h t p s p onl p I y i p o e o l p t p a t s t P yous R c w i t t p t t p p w s p a m b t t d y h t s a o t f m e S 4.3.
Y f w c s t l m c t s t y w t l m < S c f l o t m t s t r m nt b t c s U t n &a nL t s t r m y s t c w y d i . < & nM w t p b l a i o w t “ I y l < r t m s b m t t p p s t t i “ a m c l c 9 4.3.
< T t P b T c c l m b T y c t b u I y & F L T M a t s t b m =p m f p y l –( i c Y n b s l w i m r t t o b r a t t f L c m “ w y t r t ( t s d t w l w p p e t t d i t S L m t I y c t y m l w o t p T c b p t b b m t m u t b w y w e < & L w t a p B i y w e 1( T t p o g l l f ne w i t p 4w l b i t t n O( d 4.3.5 Example:Page formatting O l h a af j b T a w w u L p o u p i ap o t t o 1 column 10 top margin=8 Iirme { 1 ,,, .
A i p t n s m H w a w t p t o b m A w w s w c s t o u a t < . c c t w p & 1 & 1 & I ( s < 9 4.4 M o f f t f p b l r t w f f u O o p T h P P 4.4.
4.4.2 Linesper inch T v l o e l p i l y w i e < & F ny e 6 i t c c o e v g m o U t c o y p p i y t j t s t s h m i D t n o 4 I y o l p i e an y o w t a t o 1 t p, w 4.4.
I 4.4.5 Definingline depth T l d f d ap w u t p b i l o a T c y l T ( t l i i i f t e d c y t p p d a m a e t c a m a < ( c e c t s o m f e s h l f Y p L d c b m d c i m o l l d i t w o a“ W y n o l p i t s t l d l i y c i t a l i i y a l d t p i f t &/n C t c an f a i 3 e t t “ w m a l T a t “ i al Ot 3 I n i z l t w b p 7i “ i w w b p a f ny o t o 4.4.
4.4.
I Y h c a m t c t R t c 8c S a at at c s h b u o t o < t d t i n p 4.4.8Moving theprint position vertically Y c o d p u s B u l t m a d Y c a m t p p t p o r a f y w t m a f t m ( s b t n t p p c v l b f d t t d e u d f t t e o t c p p A t s c p p y p ap ( o o u y w t m e T i d a m v u o d i w t p d w t p p h t p t o b I y t t m a t t m t p p s r a t m A i y m t p p d o t p t p i e a p c o t n p 4.4.
i w f ny e t n p d ( p t n u o d f t c p F y c m o y c m an T m t p p s t c < an a+o s f t f t o w t m i y w t c e t p t m o t p p p d * nY 2 d < A y o d d o d o d u od a a i w f ny p e b a+o – s t r p S t m o d w t a n o d n d y s t o d d u o d f o ( t c c * 2 t m 2 d < u y s * – 4.4.
I M I f s t p b S y w i a o p a t s p o t o c b t d c t i r a y ab s g t o n d a c b q c a u I l a s a t l J s t ba ~ t b w as f iw s y u < 4.4.12 Carriagereturn The C t t R l c o t l m b i o w o i c m t p p b s
Defineautomaticline endings .
I A t r a o T i o w m im l d ( A t p t c g p p R ac a w l t f t c L F at w p b t t b l s dnc> &snc I f n e O( t t w m w a B i f n y p 1( t a w o c h T d i y d s ac i n w N E w A i o t p w p b m i y h s o o t d p d a w m t p p p t A l n t t A aj d f aw m p t w n y w l w n t r c m d t t n p 4.4.
A y t m u T p o p c F ny N s t t m c i c ap p y s t c t & nS Ot p ( o 1t p ( l p p b l 4.5 C c l d e T p f o t p c i t c p p l p s t l w a o t l b t f o F Font selection 4 T L I e p a s d W b i a al . l y d a f o b f i at f t w n f o H y c t r f b y s i S i y w y f h t p i t c s f a r t s ac o d t n s e af t m o d f w a o b e af b a f 4.5.
m T f y w y ar p d p a t I y s d 1 e t f o s f y p w i u p I c a t c a r y a y u f t a s a h A y t S m i f p t t t t s i a H af a p o s j a d f i )S1 < Y y s p s f y i T m E s w y w a u t s t R m w i s s c af o y w f t p d f f b s s 1 s a C t c if o T b s c < A t Y c t l y p s a s t t t c w p s f w i t y p s f t S O 4 Assigningfont ID numbers T s w t d a m p m i y a < a < i q a T g p a t a s f t f d i b u f u m f f a .
Selectingdownloadedfonts 4 T e w t s a d f W y d af y m t A F t f c i y s ( “ t d l i t c A y a a I n f y c s i a y p f w c < i w . i t u f I n I c a y o f t ad t S F I (nX ni y d I y u m w i y p s f f T i t f I n f y u t c t j u < o < Y w t s ad c t s < t s a t t s b p f I a y s B a )nX Font attributes 4 T t w ( o 1 w I l w y c h t t s af S c i y a t y w ( .
A i y d a y w ( t d v s e i t y d h t O P o s t ap v f s a t p v t a h i t l f y s i y j t o t p T c s y f y w h a a t s a t c f s t a a ’ p p T l o p d S L p W y r s t t a u t s t w o a p o ap l r o r L 4i m f a o t m o a i l y s r a p f t t l o v v T s y o w y c o tr a i m a i c a l d t t w t s t o o s t c & o i w f ( t S E c d s p s ny t p Ot g p o 1t g l a ar f c h m s o t f T n o f l s m m i t p m T d L I e a A c p d t s s b T i c o t p t w am o l L c o s 6 t
I S T c c as s first s s c f T s < F ne ad a y s s f ap y p s f s f t s t (n o o t t s C O O O O O O 0 O O 0 O 0 O O I I I I 1 I 1 l a s n f a u S M L I R 1 H 1 J E O M 1 U B 1 1 1 1 O M H s c T f c m b l S s D c 6 N E 2 F G 1 I A L 1 s 1 S C 3o 9 6 N U 6 F 2 G s S I L 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 5 1 5 C P f s 1 1 S 1 I O E 1 1 S 1 1 P 1 8 P 67
I 85: S M s I S R B C E I E I ( E I ( P P f s 6S 8M 8Q 8U 8Y 9Q 1 1 1 1 1 T s as s c < a f S Y f r 8( p T p y c c t c f c i d t p t c a y c m f c l y s o o t s s f y f ne (n@ o o t f s y f a c s Y s v f y p S S t d s S t c f f t p t s i f S a o t d ( j s s 3 6 f o d s s e t p o t s f a i c f h i c s s Y p a f a s s w a C w R t i p v t t c n VALUE O( o 1( 2 S s p c u e < F s )n ns p A f y D e a t m f d w t u o t t c s s s s ( m i b f s s f
T d t t y c s t s s y w f y s < F c ne o o t v f S S S S S s t t d s s s s s a p f t c f s s a t d f a s ( j S as s c t l ah y u t c H t s a a u t L t b w t u t G s a y a w am y B o a n u f s n i t r t u ap o al c s W y d H w d t a t c < s y f r j f r n s w y a l a d y w t t f u h (I @ (O y ~ t p h (O \ < ( w t T i t r y d n o t g t s t m t y G r t p t i R ( t s f ) n@ n VALUE O( 1( 2 3 E L Y s c f r h ( 69
I y C h f f w n j S I y s m w B i y s d i w s t c f ny I y s b s t p r T d f t s w r t i s s e c p w t s s t d o e c y w y p f s h p O( o 1( t g m t g p s p id f a f y s f e s y p T u t a s s w j n p i a j )SnP h m c Y S L o 1 1 o 1 c w m p o t p y w c m t p < u ad T c a s < f t p i y w i m p i C h o s f p t f am f h a o d f c s p c (SnH f ny p i h ( 1 Hw p c o r a d f w < 7 p T d i ah < Y s p af p p T s T f p < P P p s f i (3 t s (SnP
F ny e ap c C 1 c ( 1 c ( f P t f t P O( 2 I C n F h m h o t c y p i m i p s L I e p f i 6 1 1 1 3 p s I t f h y s a f i n a p w s t f w t s c t y r T s ne f t h f f h d a f T s s s nn < R s y S T f t w S y c t f c s t c o u w F s f t i p t s t i i s y t w t f t p (SnS < i w u t w )SnV < S S w f f y (SnV < T s f t p i p t h T a t ny e f Oi y w n o 1i y w i s f j u r t b d a c t p a u t )SnS t s i ar a h p a g t f w y l I ap i t s y f w
S t c t s ap f i w y r nw an b Y n t n s ( p m p t c s w f f – ( t g t l t s f c d w l t + ( Aw o O w u t s n l C I ap t j T a c t p p & nHt b u y j n t y w t o I am e j k t o hp m f y k t o t d A b u 4d hl t t y t a o T L P E C H T f y w i t t T d o a t m d f t s a t b f y p f s o f t (SnT < ne n < o w t T T l a y c g t c c i w f d o t af B w y s al p o t l 7 s n Y w l u o f t g y b d n t k t B i p t p b w ab f i t p Y j p t t y w i b w t o o b 4d S y c u t k
G s P C O P L D P L O B C T a u t 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 ac s < f t < j f t s i a e f t b p a a L f o a t f a l s r c s t u s o i S w i ar o o r s B l t p t i p p i a o r a m c b ah oj t T k w i t w li ) O )S1 )S8 ) 0 )SO ) O f a p t l f f as i o am o 1 ( s l w o f t o t O s e < < < < a S p s )SnT g w t d a t o a W d s p i r L l t t t nn E F a L p t l h d w t s an f w f L i d i t p f W s o r a s w t i o c 8 0 O O a t )SOp1 s ) c 7 i t
T l B t s w c L 1 A C a f w t l U i p Y c o c T f t u S t t w h s a f l t s .5 w l O p w f f n af a n a ap f u t u c o t s p w b w u t t o t t s a o w c l W y a s t t –u h a y o t p y h t u c s c f ny t c s u m & nD < p O( t g f o 3t g f t t o t u u u m & How to print Escapesequencesand control . codes u b E B y a d t w f e w y t T T w p c T t p p 7 .6 f .
T u T p d p < F ny j p t c i i f s t n l o b T w t C p D o d t c y p a R F w < c p t c a s t p o D p d c a o t t s t c io F s t c a t e o t Z E 4 l E B D m l Y < T t p e D F a i t E s a a t t i o T t o D F j b t d y w d t t r & nX D F s a c F p a t w i n b n a s A d o y Zs i p a ab f b aZ Font control T F a d C Y c c d n g s y o o t m T d g f c .
F ne o o t F D a D a a t D j D j d M t M t M at n f t t f l c c f f I t I p c o t Ab o e a t a f y f n at i a t f d at c o a i H s f t s l o f c I 2 3 4 5 6 f 6 W y g o t f i m f B y w n f o c f t a I n t f t s t F c t f i m c t s i R w F C f 5 t a i I c w F y r af I t T c 6t c Example:Controllingfonts s h t l f c w .
L s w 1 1 1 am L L L o 1 1 1 1 1 L o 1 L n l 1 A p a a u C C “ A (2 ) ;“ ;“ - y t p ; ; f t p 1 C C C C C ” H ; ; ’ ; 0 u f h 1 L L L L L h L l 0 i f t o t p co y T f 1 a t d f c a t w T s a c f f p e w r o i t m t c f 1 f m
Example:Assigningfont numbers . 4 N C C L p t L 2 I L n f 78 l d ap a L T w i B m s p C C C F w a f a t ac o e f 1 . 1 1 L L L L ( ;“ ( ( :“ ( (1 ) : C (2 ) :“●c I ; 1 L C (2 ) : “ ● C6 ; 1 L C ( ;“( 1 L C ( :“( 1 L C ( : 1 L C ( ; 1 L C ( ; 2 L C ( : 2 L C ( ; 2 L C 2 L C : L C : 2 L C 2 L “ 2 L C L “ 2 L C 3 L “ 3 L C 3 L C f L 1 c 1 n f I t t P i ; : s ; .6 .
4 U Y O F 4.6.1 Font designis tedious Aw l S w w c d f f d i af i a a D t y h t b w ac i t f t p y o c w ac o g p B c d d o e t t y a m c o d y o t w a l f t c a p p e i y d m f e I m b u a 3 w l o b c t o Y l 5 d h i s t f a y m c s f y f f e T n h w t d t j i t a b y L t s i y c g f u p n o t m a e o t f n w p t t o p f o d l k E c d f o h t b o af s a m w y o o t f a o F W i oo K m s y t t a ac f i a i o u t 2 c s a t j f o t p I ac s N m r 4.6.
I 1 A T a “ 3 af I t y a I t y f y f I n < B a w t T c t a t c I i i t f ah d f a f f h w y e t s nb c w t e I n w b d f A g s s l n a‘ t c w y f y d i w t l w i s p y p u t s a t f o t f j b y d t W ) f h 2 C t m f dt e c f t a c B t 2 b t ap f a A c t h E b i t h h t b s s o t n S M d t t b s 8 i o m I n a m b f i b t d d a T nv i t a n o b o d a a 2 N u o L 1 c y t A s 2a 6h n t n 2 < A f i t l o i a f h 2 b l h c t y < H u Oa f h E af c h ( c 2
o-1 2 3 4-5 6-7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14-15 16-17 18-19 20-22 23 24 25 MEANING headerlength blank font size blank baselinepositionfor charactem blank cell width blank cell height orientation spacing symbolset pitch line spacing blank style strokeweight typeface 3) Positioningeach characterin your font Beforeyoudownloadeachcharacteryouhaveto telltheprinterwherein its font tableto put it.
to describe and map your character. Sixteen bytes are needed for the description;the bit-map takes as many bytes as you’ve put into each charactercell—perhapstwo or tie hundredbytes. As withthe fontheader,eachbytein the characterdescriptionis a number, sent as the symbol at that positionin the ASCII table. Codingcharacter descriptionsis tricky too, so again we recommend you ask your Star Micronicsdealer for help.
4.7 GRAPHICS TheStarLaserPrinter4offerstwokindsof graphics.It printsru.stergraphics (sometimescalled “bit-mappedgraphics”),which specify each dot in a graphics pattern. And it prints pattern gruphics, which prints lines and patternedblocks. Be aware,though,that addinggraphicelementsalwaysslowsup printing with laser printem. 4.7.
I Thecommandto startgraphicsmustbe transmittednext.Thiscommandis: *r n A wheren can takea valueof eitherOor 1.Whenn=O,themarginfor printing graphics will be the left-most printable edge of the page (this is not necessarilythe same as the left text margin). If n=l, the left margin for graphicsis set to the current print position,and any graphicsimage will appearonly to the rightof that margin. Threegraphicdatacompressionformatsare availablefor datatransfer.
other than the TIFF formatwill producevery strangeresults!Repeat sendinglines of graphicsdata, prefixed by the above command,until the wholeimagehas been transmitted. way To signal the end of graphicdata transmission,send the followingcommand: * r B There are no parameters.The LaserPrinter4 is now in text mode. 4.7.2 Rulesand patterns Patternsand lines are ease to do. Print shops call lines of any thickness rules.
Whenthe printer finishesits print “map”of your rule or pattern,the print position automaticallyreturns to the spot from which you started. That means,for instance,that you can make a lightlyshadedrectangleand then startprintingtext rightoverit. Thiskindof box canbe usefulfor settingoff particularinformationfrom the main body of yourtext.
I patternyouwant.Youalwayssendthe SpecifyPatterncommandbefo~ the PrintPatterncommand,even if you want a solidblack rule. To indicatethe particularpatternyou want, send the followingcommand. The general meaning of the n value you enter actuallydepends on the commandyou put afterthis: *C n G If youwant a solidblackruleit doesn’tmatterwhatyouput in for n, as the printerignoresit.
If you want a linearpattern,for n you enterhere a patternnumberbetween 1 ~d 6 inclusive,identifyingone of the linearpatternsbelow. #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 You always send the followingPrint Pattern command after Patterncommand.This PrintPatterncommandidentifieswhetherthe area youhavedefinedis tobefilledwitha rule,dottedgray-scalepattern,orlinear pattern: *C n P For n enter a valuefrom the followingtable.
4.Z5 Examples:Patterngraphics To specifya blockfiveincheswideyoucoulduse ahorizontaldimensionof 1500dots (5 inchestimes 300 dots).That commandwouldlook like this: *C 1500A To print that area with a 25 percentgray-scalepattern,the commandsyou send wouldbe: *C 25G *C 2P Butto printanareafilledwiththehorizontalbar pattern,thecommandsyou send wouldbe: *C IG *C 3p (Youcouldcombinethesecommandsas
For examplesay you wantto deletea macronumbered80.You wouldfirst selectthatmacrowiththecommandcESC>&f80Y. Thenyouwoulddelete it with the Macro ControlcommandcESC> &f 8X as describedbelow. 4.8.2 Macro Control The Macro Control command performs several jobs for you, such as defining,mnning and deletingmacros. To manage macros you send the followingcommand: &f n X For n you entera numberfromO(zero)to 10to specifywhatmacrocontrol functionyouwantto perform.
macro.Aswiththe“callmacro”option,thisonesavescurrent parametersand print position,and restores them when the macro is finished.An automaticmacro will terminateif you changeorientationor page length. 5 Turnoff automaticmacro.Startingwiththecurrentpage,this optionterminatesthe last specifiedautomaticmacro. 6 Deleteall macros.This optionremovesall macms and automaticmacrosfromprintermemory—evenmacms you have definedas permanentwithoption 10below. 7 Deletetemporarymacros.
Lines500 through700 selectthe 180-dotdeep and 7200-dotwidepattern andprintit. Line 800doestheformfeedthatforcesthe actualprinting.Line 900 endsthe downloadingprocess. At the two line we selectour macro and actuallyrun it.
Commands The small-carriageFX-850 is one of Epson’s more recent dot-matrix printers.Becauseof the popularityof the IBM PersonalComputer,which was marketedwith a modifiedEpson printer,thousandsof softwareprograms alreadywork with Epsonprintercommands. If youhaveaprogramthatdoesn’tworkwithlaserprintercommands,you’ll ahnostcertainlyfindit willworkwiththecommandsintheStarLaserPrinter 4’s FX-850emulationmode.YourStarLaserPrinter4willprintany documents you createwith standardEpsoncommands.
Butsomecommandsincludetwo nvariables,whichamshownas nl andn2. Thesenormally~pmsent bytesto be addedtogetherto produceonesum,in whichnl representssingleunits and n2 represents256-unitgroups. Finally, a few commandscan have many n variables(such as tab stops), which am listed the same way. And one or two includea second kind of variable,whichaR shownin thischapteras singlelowercaseletters,suchas c or m. 5.1.
left-to-right(unidirectional)printingcontrolU print quiet (half speed) S print immediate i (“incremental”or “typewriter”mode) 5.2 CONTROLLINGTHE PRINTER 5.2.1 Puttingtheprinter onlineor offline You can send controlcodes (describedin Chapter2 under“SerialInterface”)to putyourprinterofflineandthenonlineagain.If youareusingaparallelinterface,anydatayourcomputersendsafteryouput the printerofflinewill not be printed.
I 5.3 FORMATTINGPAGES 5.3.1 Page /ength You can definepagelengthin eitherinchesor lines-a matterof personal preference.WhenyoufirststartFX-850emulationyourprintersetsthepage lengthto 11 inchesand 66 lines. The deftition of a “line” dependson the lines-per-inchspacing. If you changeline spacingafter you set the page length,the page length won’t change. Andif youprintpagesactuallylongerthanthe installedpapertray, the Star LaserPrinter4 will printthem on two sheetseach.
For example,say you have set the pagelengthto 84 lines (legalsize paper at 6 linesper inch),with the top-of-page8 linesdown.You then send: N16 Thiswillgiveyou81inesoftopmargin(impliedbyyourtop-of-pagesetting) and 8 linesof bottommargin.Theprinterknowsyou want84-16=68 lines Qftext, so it printsthose,skips8 linesat thebottomof the firstpage,plus 8 mo~ lines at the top of the nextpageto makeup the totalperforationskip of 16lines. topolpage -8 hles text-66 lines peliolation sI@ -16 Iires > ( ... ,., .
5.3.3 Side margins To set the left marginto a particularcolumnyou send this command: tn in whichn is thecolumnnumberfortheleftmargin.(Notethatthecharacter t is a lowercaseL.) CohunrIwidthis determinedby thecurrentpitch(forexample1/12inchfor 12-pitch),or is set at 1/10inch for proportionalspacedtext. Oncemargins are set, changingthe pitch does not affectmargins. Samerules applyfor the rightmargin:you sendthis command: Q n in whichn is the columnnumberfor the rightmargin. 5.3.
DESIRED LINE SPACING COMMAND 1/8inch 7f72inch 1/6inch incrementsof 1/216inch O 1 2 3 n incrementsof 1/72inch EXPLANATION (zero) (one) (the default) (in whichn is the numberof inc~ments, maximum255) A n (in whichn is the numberof increments,maximum85) 5.4 MOVINGTHE PRINTPOSITION 5.4.
I 5.4.3 Carriagereturn Theprintermovesthe printpositionback to the left marginwhenyou send a carnagereturncontrolcode.Theprintpositionwill notmovedownto the nextline(unlessonthecontrolpanel’smenuyouhavesettheAutoLineFeed parameterON):
5.4.7 Left-to-rightprinting The FX-850normallyprintsbidirectionally,withthe printpositionmoving alternatelyleft-to-rightand right-to-left.Cuttingdown printheadmotion does speedup printingfor thoseearlierstylesof printer—thoughit hardly compam with laser printing. we problemwithbidirectionalprintingis thattheprintheadcan getslightly out of alignment.
Tocompletethecommand,forn2 youenterthenumberof fullgroupsof256 inc~ments you want to move. And for nl you enter the number of incrementsleft over. Confused?Hem’s an example.This command: $141 moves14+ (256x 1)=270 incrementsfromtheleftmargin.Thatworksout to 270/60inches,whichis four and a half inches. 5.4.9 Movinghorizontallyfrom the currentposition The other horizontalmovecommand,whichmovesawayfrom the current printposition,comesin smallerincrementsof 1/120inch.
is a tab stopeveryeightcolumns.Columnwidthdependson the horizontal spacingbeingusedwhenyougivethiscommand.If youchangepitchlater, that won’t affecttabs. To clear the old and set new tab stops, send this Set HorizontalTabs command: d3SC> D d n2 ... ru%l This commandneedsa bit of explanation.The nl and n2 and so on are the columnnumberswhereyouwantto settab stops.Thethreedots...just mean you can list more columns,as many as 64 in total. List them in ascending order.
To removeall venical tab stops,send this command: B dW.JL> 5.4.12 Veflical tabs in channels This next pair of commands,whichlets you storeanduse severaldifferent sets of vertical tabs, is rarely used. They’re mostly for putting data into prepriritedforms,or for unusualreportsthat need differenttab settingson differentpages. ThebasicideaisthatdiffenmtsetsoftabsgetstoredinwhattheEpsonpeople callchanneZs(thinkof themas separatecolumnsof tabstops).
I 5.5.2 Orientation The FX-850 emulationhas no commandto changeorientation,so use the SelectOrientationsupersetcommandif youneedtopnntin landscapemode. If the printer doesn’thave enoughmemory in which to rotate the font, it displaysthatmessageon thepanelandusesinsteadthe closestfontit has in the orientationyou’vechosen. 5.5.3 Symbolset ThestandardFX-850symbolsetis ASCII,atleastforthefirsthalfof its256 characterslots.
Spain I Japan Norway DenmarkU Spain II Latin America 7 8 9 10 11 12 The particularsymbolsthe commandwill give you are shownin the chart below.
I 5.5.5 Most significantbit Veryfew computemstill sendjust sevenbits to their printers,the way the AppleII+ and TRS-80did. But if you find yourselfin this situationall is notlost.Youcan stillgainaccessto the symbolsin theupperhalfof the FX850symbolset (eitheritalicsor charactergraphics)withthefollowingthree commands. These commandscontrolthe stateof the eighthbit, the high-orderor most signijlcanfbit, which is the leftmost bit in a binary string. None of the commandswill affectdata sent as graphics.
5.5.7 Characterspacing FX-850 emulation lets you control the amount of space inserted after charactm, sometimescalled the oflset. You might want, for example,to justify a line of print yourself. With the CharacterSpacingcommandyou can add to the distanceeach characteradvances,in incrementsof l/120th inch.The commanddoesnot affectthe selectedpitch. To adjustthe characterspacing,send this command:
To shift into condensedprint, send eitherof thesecommands: or Condensedprintwill stayon untilyou selecta differentprintmodeor send the followingCancelCondensedprint controlcode,whichreturnsprinting to the 10-pitchdefault: 5.5.10 Extendedprint Extendedprint is wider than it is high; FX-850 owners sometimescall it “double-width”print. Extendedprint looks good in headings. Selecting extendedprintmeansselectinga fontwithwidercharacters.
5.5.12 Style FX-850 emulationlets youuse italicscharactemwithoutdefiningitalicsas a separatefont, sinceit can store italicsin the upperhalf of its symbolset. To selectitaliccharacters,sendthis command: 4 And to return to uprightcharacters,send this command: 5 Note: in neitherof thesecommandsdo you sendthe actualnumber4 or 5. Instead,use the ASCIIsymbolsfor thosenumbers. 5.5.
5.5.14 Typeface The Star LaserPrinter4 uses Courierfont as its defaultFX-850font. You use the Select Emulationsupersetcommandto switch into another emulationto selecta cartridgeor downloadedfont,but youwon’tbe ableto bring that font back into FX-850mode.That’sbecauseFX-850emulation alwaysstarts with Courieras its defaultfont. 5.5.15 Underline The underlinecommandunder FX-850 emulationputs underlinesunder spaces as well as characters.
I An example:Proportionalboldextendedlooksgoodas a title.To getit you addup then valuesforthosethree(2 + 8 + 32= 42),andsendthecommand: ! 42 5.5.17 Subscriptsand superscripts Subscriptmodeprintscharactersat half of the normalheightiin the lower partoftieline space.Superscriptmodeprintscharactersathalfofthenormal height,but in the upperpart of the line space.Youmay wantsubscriptsand superscriptsfor foomote numbers or mathematicalformulas.
I 5.6 GRAPHICS If you are using a commercialgraphicsprogram,such as Lotus 1-2-3, you won’tneed to use the commandsin this section.Usuallyyou’lljust draw your imageon your screenand then send it to the printer. Shouldyouwantto sendyourowngraphicscommandsinFX-850emulation mode, though, it’s best to start off knowing a little binary arithmetic.If you’re rusty on binary you can reviewcomputerarithmeticin Chapter 1. We’llassumeyou alreadyknowelementaryprogrammingin the following discussion. 5.6.
Each FX-850 emulationgraphicscommandyou send does three things:it turnsonthegraphicsmode,specifieshorizontaldensity,andsayshowmany columnswide the cominggraphicsdata will be. Graphicscommandsallprint at the sameverticaldensityor “resolution”— 72dotsperverticalinch.Thecommandsalllookthesame;wheretheydiffer is in horizontaldensity. Here’ske commandfor the 60 dots-per-inchdensity: K nl n2 The n2 is the numberof 256-columngroups(eitherO,1 or 2). And the n] representsunits,the numberof leftovercolumns.
COMMAND NAME (Iinedinch) 60 120 cESC> K nl n2 cESC> L d d o 120 240 80 cESC> Y nl d cESC> Z nl n2 cESC> * m nl n2 2 3 4 72 90 * m nl d d3SC> * m nl d 5 6 144 cESC> *m nl d 7 single density double density high-speed double density quadruple density screen graphics I plotter graphics I (single density) screen graphics II plotter graphics II (double density) MODE # MODE # MODE # MODE # MODE # MODE # MODE # MODE # GRAPHICS (m) MODE ESCAPE SEQUENCE DENSITY 1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 You’vealread
columnof thetableabove.If youdon’tusea validmodenumber,theprinter will ignorethe command. Sothis’’all-purpose”graphicscommandmeansyoucandoourfirstexample two differentways: K 1500 and * O1500 5.6.4 Changinga command’sdensity Youcan actuallyswitchthedensitythatagraphicscommandnormallygives you. Why would you want to do that? If you have a programcontainingmany K commandsand want to switch to double-densitycESC> L, it couldmean changinga lot of commands.
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ❝ ● 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 ● o 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) firstbyte secondbyte To print nine-pingraphics,send this commandbefore your graphicsdata: Ad d ti The variabled is a numberindicatingdensity.If d is any even numberthe densitywill be 60 dots per inch,but if d is an odd numberthe densitywill be 120dotsper inch. The n2 in this command,as with other graphics commands,means the numberof 256-columngroupsof data you are sending(betweenOand 4).
MEMO 118
I Technical Supplement l%is final chapterin your Star LaserPrinter4 ApplicationsManualholds two main sections.The first on willhelp you with yourprogrammingjob, whilethe last providesthe symbolset tables. We’vesummarizedallcommandsin ASCIIorderhere.You’llfindthemorganizedby functionin chapters4 and 5. The StarLaserPrinter’ssymbolsetshavebeenincludedso thatyou can see exactly what charactersare availableto you. Roman-8includesstandard ASCII and is the defaultfor all emulations.
I 6.1 COMMAND SUMMARY 6.1.1 HP LaserJet11PEmulationPrinter Commands Command CBS> -m-r> .
Command ( n @ ( n X (s n B cESC> (s n H (s n P d3SC> (s n S (S n T (S n V (S n W ) n ) n @ ) n X )s n B )S n H )S n P )S n S )s n T )S n V )S n W *b n M *b n W *c n A *c n B cESC> *c n D *c n E *c n F cESC> *c n G *c n H *c n P *c n V *p n X *p n Y *r B *r n A *r n F *t n R 9 = E Page Function 68 Selectdefaultprimaryfon
Command Y *SC> z [ C n [ E n [ O n [ S n Z Function Enabledisplayfunction Disabledisplayfunction Selectpaper feeder Changeemulationmode Selectorientation Selectpapersize Self test Page 75 75 29 28 28 29 47 6.1.
Page Function Command 110 Selectitaliccharacters 4 110 CEsc> 5 Selectuprightcharacters 101 < One-lineunidirectionalprinting 107 CEsc> = Set MSBof receivedcodesto be O 107 > Set MSBof receivedcodesto be 1 116 Assigngraphicsmode ? C m 95 Resetthe printer @ 99 A n Set line spacingto n/72 inch 103 B nl n2.. .cNUL> Set verticaltab stops 96 C -dWJL>n Set pagelengthin inches 96 C n Set pagelengthin lines 103 D nl n2.. .
Command 43SC> 6n p n t n w n 124 Function Page Set left margin 98 107 Select.
I 6.2 SYMBOL SETS This sectiongivestablesof the symbolsets for the Star LaserPrinter4. The decimalcharactercode of each characteris shown in an inset to the lower rightof the character. Thehexadecimalcodecanbe foundby readingtheentriesat thetop andleft edgesof the table.For example,the character“A” is in column4 and row l: soitshexadecimalcharactercodeis41. Thisis equivalent(4x 16+ 1=65) to decimal65, the numberin the inset.
ID Number OD Symbol Name 1S0 60: Norwegian
ID Number OE Symbol Name Roman Extension
ID Number Symbol Name 1S0 25: French OF I 128 F o #
ID Number OG Symbol Name HP German
ID Number Symbol Name 01 1S0 15: Italian I 49n law 01234 567 I
ID Number OK Symbol Name JIS ASCII ,.
ID Number ON 132 Symbol Name ECMA-94 Latin 1
ID Number ON Symbol Name ECMA-94 Latin 1 (cont.
ID 134
ID Number Symbol Name Ou US-ASCII EEEi 01 o cNULJ 1 o 16 1 17 ..,.-. I 9 8 24 ‘ I 40
ID Number Symbol Name ID 1S0 61: Norwegian o 0 1
ID Number IE Symbol Name 1S0 UK 137
I ID Number IF Symbol Name 1S0 69: French
ID Number Symbol Name 1S0 21: German IG I 9 A R 8 E m cESCJ — I — +— : — YE iw J zF j A— I I 11[ I 271 I 43!‘ 1 591 I 751 / T n I 1 301 141 I I 151 461 I 31!‘ 1 471 Ill IF F K— E E I 88 I 72 I 56 ‘ I 40 ~ ) E 9F p * : I I 24 (EM> YE z lxx k— a— 911 11071 1123 1 A I 61 631 I 791— 1 ! 139
ID Number Symbol Name 1s 1 140 HP Spanish I I 15! I 31]‘ I 47] I 631 I 791—1 95
ID Number 2K Symbol Name ISO 57: Chinese 141
ID 142
I ID Number Symbol Name 1S0 IRV 2U I 2 — I I I II It I t I 21 ! I ‘1 I 1- II 1 I 341 1 501 I 6[ 191 “’I 351 I 51] 1 671 1 461 I 62] I 71 I 181 I8 I 6 9 A B c D \ E — r I I 141 1 301 F 143
ID Number 3s 144 Symbol Name 1S0 10: Swedish
ID Number 4s Symbol Name ISO 16: Portuguese 145
ID Number E Symbol Name o 1 I 12— I I 3 I 4 I I 1] I 171 I 33] ! I 21 I 18] m–m Im I 65[ ‘~ 15 , .. , t 1 7.
ID 147
ID Number 8U 148 Symbol Name Roman-8
ID Number 8U Symbol Name Roman-8 (cont.
ID Number 10U 150 Symbol Name IBM-PC(US)
I ID Number 10U Symbol Name IBM-PC(US) (cont.
ID Number 1lU 152 Symbol Name IBM-PC (Denmark/Norway)
I ID Number 1lU Symbol Name IBM-PC (Denmark/Norway) (cont.
ID Number 12U 154 Symbol Name PC-850
I ID Number 12U Symbol Name PC-850 (cont.
156
LIl ASCI1, 6-11 symbolset,37-39,105 ASCII attributes.
double-densitygraphics FX-850mode,114-115 double-strikeprint,31 FX-850mode,110 double-widthprint FX-850mode,109 downloadablefonts,35,41-43 drum,4 DTRprotocol,18 m elitecharacters,33 emphasizedprint,31 FX-850mode,110 EmulateAttributesparameter,25 EmuIationAttributesmenu,39 emulations,11,18-19,27-28 symbol-setsfor,37-39 Epson FX-850 emulationmode.
ml graphics character,105 FX-850mode,104,113-117 HP LaserJetHPmode,83-89 nine-pin,116-117 . pattem,86-88 plotter,115 Bzl hexadecimalarithmetic,5-6 HEX DUMPparameter,20 high-orderbi~ 107 high-speeddoubledensitygraphics FX-850mode,115 HMI,25 HP LaserJetHPmode,55 horizontalmotioncommands FX-850mode,101-103 horizontalmotionindex.
m networks,44 nine-pingraphics,116-117 numberof copiescommand HP LaserJetIIP mode,48 m ON L~ button,13 optionalfonts,41 orientation.See fontorientation outlinefonts,36 m pagedesign,40 page formattingcommands,21-25 FX-850mode,96-99 HP LaserJetUPmode,50-54 page lengthcommands FX-850mode,96 HP LaserJetHP mode,50-54 page orientation.
resetcommands FX-850mode,95 HP LaserJetHP mode,48-49 residentfonts.See internalfonts rightmargincommands FX-850mode,98 HP LaserJetIIP mode,51-52 ROM,3,34 reman style.
I-YJ verticalmotionindex.See VMI verticalprintposition,58-59 verticaltab commands FX-850mode,103-104 VMI,24 HP LaserJetIIP mode,55 L!Y.
Consumer Response Star MicronicsCo., Ltd. invitesyour suggestionsand commentson your printerand this manual.Pleaseaddressyourcorrespondenceto: WorldwideHeadquarters: STARMICRONICSCO., LTD. .194 Nakayoshida Shizuoka,JAPAN422-91 Attn:ProductManager AmericanMarket: STARMICRONICSAMERICA,INC. 420 LexingtonAvenue,Suite2702-25 New York,NY 10170 Attn:ProductManager EuropeanMarket: STARMICRONICSDEUTSCHLANDGMBH WesterbachstraBe59 P.O. Box 940330 D-6000Frankkrt/Main 90 F.R. of Germany Attn: ProductManager U.K.
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