SURVEY PRO for Recon & Nomad User’s Manual ©2008 Tripod Data Systems, Inc.
TRIPOD DATA SYSTEMS SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT IMPORTANT: BY OPENING THE SEALED MEDIA PACKAGE, YOU ARE AGREEING TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE LICENSE AGREEMENT AND LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY ("Agreement"). THIS AGREEMENT CONSTITUTES THE COMPLETE AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU AND TRIPOD DATA SYSTEMS, INC. ("Licensor").
Table of Contents Welcome ________________________________________________ 1 Getting Started __________________________________________ 3 Manual Conventions _______________________________ Survey Pro Installation______________________________ Registering ________________________________________ Data Entry ________________________________________ 3 4 4 6 Smart SIP _________________________________________________ 6 Hardware Buttons__________________________________________ 8 Angle and Time Conventions __
Description Files without Codes _____________________________ 38 Description Files with Codes ________________________________ 39 Associating a Description File _______________________________ 40 Feature Codes ____________________________________ 41 Features __________________________________________________ 42 Attributes ________________________________________________ 42 Using Feature Codes in Survey Pro___________________________ 43 Layers ___________________________________________ 44 Layer 0 ________
Widenings and Super Elevations ____________________________ 86 Road Rules Examples ______________________________________ 88 Creating Templates _______________________________ 92 Building an Alignment ____________________________ 95 Putting the Road Together _________________________ 95 Staking the Road _________________________________ 102 Slope Staking the Road ___________________________ 104 Station Equation _________________________________ 106 DTM Stakeout _________________________________________ 109
Performing a Sun Shot_____________________________________ 155 What to Do Next__________________________________________ 158 Remote Control __________________________________ 159 The Remote Control Screen ________________________________ 159 Taking a Shot in Remote Mode _____________________________ 161 Stake Out in Remote Mode _________________________________ 162 Slope Staking in Remote Mode _____________________________ 164 GeoLock ________________________________________ 165 Configuring GeoLock ______
Rotate Adjustment _______________________________ 191 Traverse Adjust__________________________________ 192 Angle Adjust ____________________________________________ Compass Rule ___________________________________________ Adjust Sideshots _________________________________________ Performing a Traverse Adjustment _________________________ 192 193 193 194 Surface Scan_____________________________________ 196 Leveling Fieldwork_____________________________________ 201 Key Terms _____________________________
ForeSight DXM, SPSO, TGO, and TTC ______________ 261 ForeSight DXM ___________________________________________ 261 Spectra Precision Survey Office _____________________________ 261 TGO / TTC ______________________________________________ 262 GPS Module ___________________________________________265 Receiver Settings _________________________________ 266 RTK Settings _____________________________________________ 269 Post Processing Settings ___________________________________ 269 Start GPS Survey_________
Bluetooth Connection _____________________________________ 331 RTK Data Modem Configuration ___________________________ 333 Basic GPS Start Survey____________________________ 339 Start Survey – Connect to Base and Rover____________________ 340 Start Survey – Connect to Rover (Remote Base or Internet Base)_ 342 Hanging Up and Redialing a Cellular Phone _________________ 344 Solve Projection__________________________________ 344 Localization Quality of Solutions ___________________________ 350 Connect to B
Welcome Congratulations on your decision to purchase a Tripod Data Systems product. TDS is serious about providing the best possible products to our customers and know that you are serious about your tools. We are proud to welcome you to the TDS family. Survey Pro can be run in three modes: Conventional, Leveling and one of two versions of GPS. The first portion of this User's Manual explains how to get started with Survey Pro no matter which mode you are running in.
Getting Started TDS Survey Pro is available with the following modules, each sold separately: • • • • • • • Standard Pro Basic GPS GPS Robotic Leveling Trimble System Extension Throughout the manual and software, it is simply called Survey Pro. For a listing of which features are included in each product, contact your local TDS dealer. This manual covers the routines that are available in all of the different modules.
User’s Manual Survey Pro Installation Survey Pro is installed from the Installation CD running on a PC. It will load Survey Pro and then install it on the data collector with the next ActiveSync connection. 1. Turn on the data collector and connect it to your PC. If you are using ActiveSync it will attempt to make a connection. 2. With an ActiveSync connection, you will be asked if you want to install TDS Survey Pro. Answering YES will install the application on the data collector.
Getting Started Enter the registration code provided by your TDS dealer in the Registration Code field and tap Register. This will register all of the modules that you have purchased. If there are modules that you feel should be registered but are not, contact TDS tech support. Add-on modules can also be purchased from your local TDS dealer to upgrade your TDS Survey Software.
User’s Manual Data Entry Using a handheld device without a keyboard requires some adaptation but one can get very proficient when using all the shortcuts available to navigate around quickly. Even if you are already familiar with the Survey Pro software, reading this section can help you get the most from your handheld device. Survey Pro offers several alternatives to input characters without a physical keyboard. These methods take the form of an overlay window, called Soft Input Panels (SIPs).
Getting Started Using the Smart SIP Whenever you tap in an edit field, the appropriate SIP will automatically open. The type of edit field where the cursor is placed determines the type of SIP that opens. The SIP will position itself so that it does not cover the edit field. There are three types of edit fields: • Point name edit fields: These default to the numeric SIP. • Alphanumeric edit fields: such as Description, File Name, Layer Name, etc. These default to the alphanumeric SIP.
User’s Manual Changing SIPs While the cursor is in an input field, you can select a different SIP to use for entering text into that field and Survey Pro will remember your selection and open the new SIP whenever the cursor is placed into the same type of input field. The same behavior will occur if you switch between the alpha and numeric keyboards. To select a different SIP, tap the up-arrow button next to the SIP icon. A list of all installed SIPs will open. Simply tap on the SIP you want to use.
Getting Started Angle and Time Conventions Throughout the software, the following conventions are followed when inputting or outputting angles and time: Azimuths Azimuths are entered in degree-minutes-seconds format and are represented as DD.MMSSsss, where: One or more digits representing the degrees. Two digits representing the minutes. Two digits representing the seconds. Zero or more digits representing the decimal fraction part of the seconds. For example, 212.
User’s Manual • 10 sss Zero or more digits representing the decimal fraction part of the seconds.
Getting Started Using Survey Pro Tapping the screen with a stylus is the primary method for interaction with Survey Pro. You can start Survey Pro by tapping the icon, selecting Programs, then selecting Survey Pro. Note: The proper way to exit Survey Pro is by selecting File , Exit from the Main Menu. Exiting in this way guarantees that the settings will get saved properly to the registry. Once Survey Pro is started, the Survey Pro splash screen will open.
User’s Manual 3. Another screen will open where you select some of the job settings. Select the settings that you desire and tap Next > to continue. Note: When creating a new job, it is important that the Units for Distances field be set to the correct units. This allows you to seamlessly switch between different units in mid-job, but problems can arise if these units are inadvertently set to the incorrect units when new data is collected. 4.
Getting Started Navigating Within the Program The starting point in Survey Pro, which appears once a job is open, is called the Main Menu, which is shown here. All the screens that are available in Survey Pro can be accessed starting from the Main Menu. Likewise, closing any screens that are open in Survey Pro will eventually take you back to the Main Menu. The Main Menu consists of two main areas. The upper half of the screen contains a set of large buttons called main menu items.
User’s Manual Command Bar The command bar is the bottom portion of each Survey Pro screen and it contains buttons that are appropriate for the current screen. All of the possible buttons are described below. About Survey Pro Tapping this button from the Main Menu or selecting File > About Survey Pro will open the About Survey Pro screen, which displays information on the version of Survey Pro that is installed. The Hardware Information button is a shortcut to the Windows System Information screen.
Getting Started Surveying Mode The instrument icon indicates which collection mode the software is running in. There are three possible surveying modes: Conventional, GPS, and Leveling. Tapping this icon will open a list of options to do any of the following: • • Switch to another instrument mode. • Select a different instrument profile. (See the Instrument Settings screen in the Reference Manual for more information.) Quickly access the Instrument Settings screen.
User’s Manual Cancel This button is red in color and closes the current screen without performing the action intended by the screen. Close This button is green in color and closes the current screen. Settings This button opens the Settings screen associated with the current screen. GPS Status This is used to view the current status and access the settings for a GPS receiver when using the GeoLock feature (Page 165).
Getting Started Parts of a Screen Many screens share common features. To illustrate some of these features, we will examine parts of the Backsight Setup screen, shown here. You can access the Backsight Setup screen by selecting .Survey , Backsight Setup from the Main Menu. Input Fields An input field is an area where a specific value is entered by the user.
User’s Manual Power Buttons The Backsight Setup screen contains two power buttons. Power buttons are typically used to provide alternate methods of entering or modifying data in an associated field. To use a power button, simply tap it. Once tapped, a dropdown list will appear with several choices. The choices available vary depending on with which field the power button is associated. Simply tap the desired choice from the dropdown list.
Getting Started Scroll Buttons Button. When a button label is preceded with the symbol, it indicates that the button label can be changed. Each tap of the symbol will toggle through the various button label options and the corresponding field associated with it. For example, in the Backsight Setup screen, the backsight can be defined by a point or a direction by toggling the scroll button between BS Point and BS Direction . Special Point Symbols Some field labels are preceded with a special symbol.
User’s Manual Input Shortcuts Distances and angles are normally entered in the appropriate fields simply by typing the value from the keypad, but there is a shortcut that can simplify the entry of a distance or angle. If you want to enter the distance between two points in a particular field, but you do not know offhand what that distance is, you can enter the two point names that define that distance separated by a hyphen.
Getting Started 1. When the job is configured for International Feet or US Survey Feet, it is assumed that the distance entered is in the same units as the job is configured for. 2. If the job is configured for meters, it is assumed that the distances entered are in International Feet and will be converted to meters when the cursor leaves the current field. (You cannot use this method to enter a metric distance in fractional format.) 3.
User’s Manual Point List Editor Many screens contain a To/From… button, which accesses the Select Point(s) screen that allows you to enter a simple list of points or a list of points that describe a line that can contain curves. Examples of how to enter different lists of points are displayed in the lower portion of the screen. Once the list is entered, tap to return to the previous screen. Note: Spaces in point lists are ignored. They are only used in the examples for clarity.
Getting Started Entering Distances in Other Units When a distance is entered in a particular field, it is normally entered using the same units that are configured for the current job, but distances can also be entered that are expressed in other distance units. When entering a distance that is expressed in units that do not match those configured for the job, you simply append the entered distance with the abbreviation for the type of units entered.
User’s Manual Quick Pick The button is called the Quick Pick button and is available at the bottom of most screens in Survey Pro. This button is used to quickly access any of several commonly-used routines. The list of routines available from the Quick Pick button can be customized and sorted in any order. To access a screen with the Quick Pick button, first tap and then tap the desired routine.
Getting Started the Move Up or Move Down buttons. (Any other routines in the Quick Pick list can also be repositioned in this way.) To remove a routine from the Quick Pick list, select it and tap the <-- Remove button. Tapping the Defaults button will revert the custom list back to the default list. Since any changes will be lost, a prompt will first ask if you are sure. Smart Targets Survey Pro has the ability to create and store custom configurations for any number of prisms or other target types.
User’s Manual Manage Smart Targets Select Manage Smart Targets from the same drop-down list described above to access the Manage Smart Targets screen. From here you can create a new custom Smart Target or edit any existing Smart Target. Survey Pro includes two foresight Smart Targets called My Prism and My Reflectorless, respectively and one backsight Smart Target called My Backsight Prism.
Getting Started The Smart Target Name you provide will be shown in the drop-down list when you switch between Smart Targets. The Target Type field determines how the EDM will be configured on the total station when taking shots to the Smart Target.
User’s Manual Pro and on the total station, it will be applied twice resulting in incorrect distance measurements for every shot. If you are using a robotic total station that supports prisms that output a target ID, the Use Target ID field will be available where you can specify the target ID for the Smart Target. If Use For Search is available and selected, the total station will only look for the Target ID when it is searching for the target.
Getting Started There are different map views depending on from where the map view is accessed and they can display slightly different information such as a vertical profile. The main map view is accessed from the Main Menu by tapping the button at the bottom of the screen in the command bar. If you are using basemaps, it is from this map view where the basemaps are managed. All other map views are accessed by tapping the variety of screens.
User’s Manual Increase Vertical Scale: is only available when viewing a vertical profile. Each time it is tapped, the vertical scale of the view is increased. Decrease Vertical Scale: is only available when viewing a vertical profile. Each time it is tapped, the vertical scale of the view is decreased. Zoom Preview Button: will display only the points that are currently in use (only available from certain map view screens). Map Display Options: accesses the Map Display Options screen, described below.
Getting Started • Before you can use a basemap in Survey Pro, you need to copy the appropriate basemap files from a PC to the same directory where your current job is located. If the basemap files are stored in a different directory and then added to the current job, the files will be copied to the job’s directory. • If you use the Save As routine and save the current job to a new directory, any basemaps associated with that job will be copied to the new location.
User’s Manual Raster basemap drawn first. Vector basemap drawn last. Resulting map view with both basemaps in view. 6. To change the order of the basemaps in the list, select a basemap and tap the Move Up or Move Down buttons to move it up or down in the list, respectively. 7. To remove any basemap from the list, select it and tap Remove . This will remove the basemap from the list and un-associate it from the current job. (This will not delete the corresponding basemap file.) 8.
Getting Started The Settings Screen The Settings screen is used to control all of the settings available for your surveying instrument, current job, and Survey Pro software. It contains several index card-style tabs. Each card contains different types of settings. Most of the settings remain unchanged unless you deliberately change them, meaning the default settings are whatever they were set to last.
User’s Manual File Management and ForeSight DXM Survey Pro uses a variety of files to store data and information about your project. The files include the main data file, the .JOB file, and the raw data file, the .RAW file, and several other supplementary files that Survey Pro can use for additional information. To help manage this data and to supplement Survey Pro capabilities, TDS has an office product called ForeSight DXM.
Getting Started When you specify points to use for any reason within Survey Pro, the software will read the coordinates for the specified points from the job file. Whenever you store a new point within Survey Pro, the point is added to this file. A job file can be edited on the Survey Pro when using the Edit Points screen. Since a job file is binary, it requires special software for editing on a PC, such as TDS Survey Link. It can also be converted to or from an ASCII file using Survey Link.
User’s Manual Control Files The current job can be configured to access the points from another job stored on the data collector. When the current job is using points from another job, that other job is called a Control File and the points in the control file are called Control Points. (Any non-point objects in a control file are always ignored.
Getting Started Some users prefer to keep a set of known points in a separate control file when repeatedly working on new jobs in the same general area. That way when they return to the job site, they can create a new job, but select the external control file to easily have access to the known control points. Once an external control file is selected, the control points can be used in the same way as the job’s points with the following exceptions: • An external control file has read only attributes.
User’s Manual must be careful how the file is saved. By default, a word processor will store additional non-ASCII data in a file making it incompatible as a description file. However this can be avoided if you use the Save As… option from your word processor and choose a Text Only file format. Description files can be created in two different formats; one includes codes and the other does not. The chosen format determines how descriptions are entered. Each format is described below.
Getting Started you can modify the list and optionally save it to a file as described in the Reference manual under the Miscellaneous Screens section. If the first letter(s) that you typed match the first letters of a description in the description file, that description will automatically be selected in the dropdown list. Once the desired description is selected, press [Enter] or double-tap the description on the screen.
User’s Manual You can combine a description with any other text, or combine two descriptions by using an ampersand (&). For example, entering Tall&do would result in a description of Tall Douglas Fir. Entering b&oa would result in a description of Big Oak Tree. Keep in mind that if you combine text that results in a description being longer than 16 characters, it will be truncated.
Getting Started Feature Codes As explained above, a description or descriptor codes can be used to help describe a point prior to storing it, but this can be a limited solution for describing certain points. Survey Pro also allows you to describe any object using feature codes. Feature codes can be used to describe objects quickly and in more detail than a standard text description, particularly when data is collected for several points that fit into the same category.
User’s Manual Features The primary part of a feature code is called a feature. Features generally describe what an object is. Two types of features are used in Survey Pro: points and lines, which are described below. When assigning a feature to data that was collected in Survey Pro, only features of the same type are available for selection. For example, if selecting a feature to describe a point in a job, only the point features are displayed.
Getting Started • Menu Attributes A menu attribute is an attribute that is selected from a pulldown menu rather than typed in from the keypad. Menu items can also have sub-menu items. For example, you could have a feature labeled Utility with a pull-down menu labeled Type containing Pole and Pedestal. There could also be submenu items available that could be used to describe the pole or pedestal in more detail.
User’s Manual Layers Survey Pro uses layers to help manage the data in a job. Any number of layers can exist in a job and any new objects can be assigned to any particular layer. For example, a common set of points can be stored on one layer and another set can be stored on a different layer. The visibility of any layer can be toggled on and off, which gives full control over the data that is displayed in a map view. This is useful to reduce clutter in a job that contains several objects.
Getting Started Similarly, whenever a new job is created, a Points layer is automatically created and selected as the active layer. The active layer is the default layer where any new objects will be stored. Managing Layers You can configure Survey Pro to prompt for a layer whenever an object is stored. If this prompt is turned off, any new objects that are stored will simply be stored to the active layer. There are three cards within the Job Settings screen to configure this prompt.
User’s Manual Changing a Layer Name or Visibility Selecting a layer and then tapping Edit… opens the Edit Layer dialog box where the name and visibility can be changed for the selected layer. You can also edit a layer by double-tapping on it. (Layer 0 cannot be renamed.) Deleting a Layer You can only delete an empty layer. If a layer contains any objects, they must first be moved to a different layer. To delete a layer, select the layer and tap Delete . (Layer 0 cannot be deleted.
Getting Started Working with 2D Points Most people work with 3D points, but Survey Pro also allows you to work with 2D points (points without elevations). You can also work with a combination of both 3D and 2D points. It is important to remember that data collected from a 2D point will also be 2D, so care should be taken when working without elevations. To assist the user, various warnings will appear when working with 2D points.
User’s Manual “Note: Selected occupy point has no elevation. All points computed with this point will have no elevation computed for them.” An elevation adjustment on a traverse containing any 2D points is not possible. If an attempt is made to do so, the following message is displayed: “Traverse contains a 2D point. Cannot adjust elevations.” Point Stake When performing point stake using a 2D point, no cut/fill information is provided.
Getting Started Polylines Lines can be added to your project that can represent anything such as a roadway, a building, or a lot boundary. These lines are referred to as polylines. Polylines can be compared to the point lists used in other TDS data collection software. They can consist of several individual curved and straight sections. A point must be stored in the project for all the locations on the polyline where a new section begins and ends.
User’s Manual Alignments Alignments are similar to polylines in that they define specific lines in the current job and typically describe the centerline of a road. An alignment can then be used in the Offset Staking, Offset Points, Offset Lines, and Slope Staking screens. Unlike polylines, alignments do not need points for the locations where the alignment changes (called nodes). Alignments are created by separately defining the horizontal and vertical details of a line.
Getting Started Creating an Alignment In this step-by-step example, we will create an alignment that has all the possible horizontal and vertical segment types. 1. Select .Job , Edit Alignments from the Main Menu. If any alignments exist in the current job, they will be listed in this screen. An existing alignment can then be edited or deleted, but for this example, we will create a new alignment. 2. Tap New… to create a new alignment.
User’s Manual Horizontal Alignment 4. Tap the HAL (Horizontal Alignment) tab and then tap the Insert button. This will open the Edit Segment screen where the first horizontal alignment segment can be defined. 5. Tap the Line tab to insert a straight line segment. Enter a Length of 100 and an Azimuth of 0. 6. Tap to add the segment to the horizontal alignment. You will return to the Edit Alignment screen where the new segment is displayed.
Getting Started 7. Tap the Insert button again and then tap the Arc tab to insert a horizontal curve. 8. Enter a Radius of 100, a Delta of 45 and select a Right turn. Check the Make this segment tangent to previous checkbox so that the curve will be positioned so the entrance to the curve is tangent to the end of the previous segment. 9. Tap to add the segment to the horizontal alignment.
User’s Manual Note: When creating a new horizontal segment and using the Make this segment tangent to previous option, the new segment will appear in the Edit Alignment screen tagged with a (P) (see picture). This means that if the previous horizontal segment is edited or deleted, thus changing the orientation, all subsequent horizontal segments that have the (P) tag will also be adjusted so they will remain tangent to the previous segments.
Getting Started 16. Tap the Insert button again and then tap the V. Curve tab to insert a parabolic vertical curve. Enter a Length of 250 and tap the Get Previous Grade button to automatically set the Start Grade to the ending grade of the previous segment. Enter an End Grade of -2%. 17. Tap to add the segment to the vertical alignment. 18. Tap the General tab and enter a Description of Roadway.
User’s Manual 19. Tap from the Edit Alignment screen to return to the Add/Edit Alignments screen where the new alignment is stored and displayed. You have now completed a new alignment using all the available types of segments. You can select the new alignment for use in the Offset Staking, Offset Points, Offset Lines and Road Layout routines.
Conventional Fieldwork This section will explain how to get started using Survey Pro to collect data from a total station and perform stake out. It is assumed that you are familiar with the operation of your total station. The first section describes the backsight setup procedures for various scenarios. The next section walks you through the steps involved to setup and perform a simple side shot and traverse shot. The third section walks you through a simple point-staking example.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Scenario One You know the coordinates and locations for two points on your lot and want to occupy one and use the other as a backsight. Solution 1. Create a job using the coordinates for one of the known points as the first point. 2. Use the Edit Points routine to add a second point using the coordinates for the remaining known point. 3.
Conventional Fieldwork Scenario Two You have found two points on your lot and know the azimuth between them, but you do not have coordinates for either. Solution 1. Create a job using the default coordinates for the first point. 2. From the Backsight Setup screen, set the Occupy Point field to the point that was just created. 3. Setup the total station over the point where the known azimuth is referenced. 4. Toggle the .BS Direction. / .BS Point. button to BS Direction.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Scenario Three You have one point established on your lot and you know the azimuth to an observable reference. Solution 1. Create a job using the coordinates of the established point for the first point. If the coordinates are unknown, accept the default coordinates. 2. From the Backsight Setup screen, set the Occupy Point field to the point that was just created. 3. Setup the total station over the established point. 4. Toggle the .BS Direction. / .BS Point.
Conventional Fieldwork Scenario Four You have only one known point on a job. Solution You have two options in this situation. One, you can assume an azimuth for an arbitrary backsight reference and rotate the job later using the Rotate routine once you have determined the actual orientation. Secondly, you can use the Sun Shot routine to determine an azimuth to an arbitrary reference.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Summary In general, you would follow these steps when you begin working on a job. 1. Create a new job or open an existing job. 2. Setup over the Occupy Point. 3. Aim the total station toward the backsight and zero the horizontal angle on the instrument. 4. Fill in the Backsight Setup screen and tap Solve… to open the Backsight Solved screen. 5. Confirm the BS Circle value is zero and tap Send Circle to zero the horizontal angle on the instrument, then tap .
Conventional Fieldwork Data Collection Example This section illustrates the necessary setup and usage of the Traverse / Side Shot screen, which is the primary screen used during data collection. We will create a new job and manually add another point to the job to use as a backsight. We will run in Manual Mode so the shot data must be entered manually.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode c. Enter any job name that you wish in the Job Name field and tap Next > . d. For this example, simply accept the default job settings and tap Next > . Note: When creating a new job, it is important that the Units for Distances field be set to the correct units. This allows you to seamlessly switch between different units in mid-job. Problems can arise if these units are inadvertently set to the incorrect units when entering new data.
Conventional Fieldwork e. Accept the default coordinates for the first job point by tapping Finish . You will return to the Main Menu. 2. Check the job settings. a. Tap Job , Settings from the Main Menu to open the Settings screen. b. Tap the Instrument tab if it is not already selected and make sure the Manual Mode profile is activated. If the symbol is not shown next to it, select Manual Mode and tap Activate .
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode c. For this example, tap the Surveying card and uncheck all the checkboxes. d. Tap (OK) to save the job settings. 3. Add a backsight point to the job. a. Select Job , Edit Points from the Main Menu. b. Tap Insert… and enter a new point using the General and Location cards with the following values, as shown: Point Name: 2 Northing: 5050 Easting: 5050 Elevation: 100 Description: Backsight and then tap .
Conventional Fieldwork 4. Set up your backsight. In this example, we will setup on Point 1 and backsight Point 2, which was just created. a. Access the Survey , Backsight Setup screen. b. In the Occupy Point field, enter 1 as the point name. Tip: You can also select an existing point from a map view or from a list by using the power button. c. Enter an HI and HR of 5 feet each. d. Toggle the .BS Direction. / .BS Point. button to BS Point. and enter 2 as the point name. e.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode i. Tap to exit from the Backsight Solved screen. The map view will open showing your current setup. j. Tap (Close) to continue. Performing a Side Shot 5. Access the Survey , Traverse / Sideshot screen and fill in the appropriate fields. The backsight information is displayed in the lower portion of the screen. At this point, it is assumed that your total station is over the occupy point and its horizontal angle was zeroed while aiming toward the backsight. a.
Conventional Fieldwork computed and stored. The Foresight point will automatically advance to the next available point name and the information from the last shot is displayed on the screen. d. You can see a graphical representation of the previous shot by tapping the Map tab. See Page 24 for more information on the Map View. Performing a Traverse Shot 6. The steps involved in performing a side shot are nearly identical to performing a traverse shot.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode The new point is computed and stored and the Traverse Now or Later prompt will open asking if you want to advance to the new point now or later. For this example, tap the .Traverse Now. button. The New Occupy Point dialog box will open, shown here, which displays details of the new setup. You can see that the previous foresight point is now the current occupy point and the previous occupy point is now the current backsight point.
Conventional Fieldwork When out in the field, you would now move your total station over the new occupy point, aim it toward the previous occupy point (the current backsight), enter the correct instrument height in the Height of Instrument field and tap .Send Circle to Instrument . This would update the Traverse / Side Shot screen and set the total station’s horizontal angle to zero where you are then ready to collect more data.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Stakeout Example When setting up to perform stakeout, the requirements are nearly the same as with data collection. You need an existing occupy point, backsight point or direction, and a foresight. The main difference is existing points are being located during stakeout rather than new points being collected. In the example below, all of the steps required to perform a simple point staking job are explained from the initial setup to the staking itself.
Conventional Fieldwork b. Tap the file name that was created earlier listed in the Open Recent Job list and then tap .Open . The coordinates for that job are shown here. 2. Set the job settings. (Only the settings that affect this example are covered here.) a. Select Job , Settings from the Main Menu. b. Tap the Instrument tab if it is not already selected and make sure the Manual Mode profile is activated. If the symbol is not shown next to it, select Manual Mode and tap Activate . c.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode a. Access the Survey , Backsight Setup screen. b. In the Occupy Point field, enter 1 as the point name. c. Toggle the .BS Direction. / .BS Point. button to BS Direction. and enter 0 as the backsight direction. d. Enter an HI and HR of 5 feet. e. Leave the Fixed HR at Backsight field unchecked. f. Tap Solve… to open the Backsight Solved screen. g. Confirm that the BS Circle value is zero. If not, change it to zero. h. Tap the Send Circle button.
Conventional Fieldwork i. Tap (OK). The Map View will automatically open showing your current setup. Tap (Close) to continue. Staking Points 4. Stake the first design point (Point 2). a. Access the Stakeout , Stake Points. screen from the Main Menu. The backsight information is displayed near the bottom of the screen. At this point, it is assumed your total station is over the occupy point and its horizontal angle was zeroed while aiming toward the backsight. b.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode c. The second Stake Points screen will open that displays all of the information needed to locate the design point. When connected to a total station, you would turn the total station horizontally to 45°00’00”, vertically to 90°00’00” and send the rod man out about 70 feet before continuing. Tap the Stake >. button to continue to the third screen. d. With a Height of rod of 5, tap the Shot. button. (See the Reference Manual for an explanation of the other fields.) e.
Conventional Fieldwork f. The Stake Points screen will show the necessary FORWARD / BACK and Go RIGHT / Go LEFT information that the rod man must move in order to be located over the design point. In this example, the Go RIGHT value indicates 0, which means the rod is precisely on the line between the total station and the design point. The BACK value indicates 0.711, which indicates that the rod must move back (away from the total station) 0.711 feet to be over the design point.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 5. Stake the next design point. a. We want to stake the next design point in the project. The Design Point should automatically advance by the Increment value. Make sure the Design Point is set to 3 and then tap Solve > to open the second Stake Points screen. b. The information needed to locate the next design point is displayed.
Conventional Fieldwork d. The rod man needs to move back by 0.2 feet to be over the design point. Rather than take another shot, we will instruct him to use a tape and place a stake at that location. Tap the .Store/Tape… button to store the point. e. Enter the following data in the Store Point (Tape Offset) screen: Point Name: 6 Description: Staked Tape Out/Tape In (+/-): 0.2 and then tap . This will result in coordinates for the stored point that are 0.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Surveying with True Azimuths Some people need to collect all of their horizontal angles in the form of azimuths. Survey Pro can help automate this process by computing the backsight azimuth after each new setup in a traverse and updating the backsight circle and total station’s horizontal angle accordingly. 1. You can setup on any existing point and use any other point in the job as a backsight if the coordinate system is properly aligned with true north.
Conventional Fieldwork 8. Tap Send Circle . This will set the backsight circle as the horizontal angle in the total station and set the same angle as the Backsight Circle value. This angle will then be subtracted from all horizontal angles received from the total station. 9. Begin your survey. When you traverse to a new point, the New Occupy Point dialog box will open showing you the azimuth computed to the new backsight point from the new occupy point.
Road Layout Overview The Road menu contains a powerful set of routines that allow you to enter and modify road layout information and then stake the road in the field. The road staking routines allow you to stake any part of the road or slope stake the road. There are four basic components of a road: The Horizontal Alignment; the Vertical Alignment; Templates, and a POB. All of these components are described separately below and each is a required component to a complete road definition.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode and slope or change in elevation. Templates can contain as many segments as needed, but must have at least one segment. Each segment describes one component of the cross section such as the roadbed, curb face, top of curb, ditch, etc. Each road alignment can contain as many templates as required to define the roadway, but all the templates used on one side of the road must have the same number of segments.
Road Layout POB The POB designates the location in the current job where the alignment starts. The POB can be defined by an existing point or specified coordinates and can be changed at any time. The VAL’s start station elevation will be set from the POP. Road Component Rules The following section defines how the various components described above work together to form the road. This information is important because how each component reacts to the other component affects the shape of the resulting road.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode • Template segments must have a name. The template editor provides fields to enter the segment name. 2. Any two templates without intervening Widening or Super Elevations will transition. • This means that each template segment will transition at a linear rate from its existing offset from the centerline to the new offset from the centerline as defined by the new template. 3.
Road Layout • A previous Template. 4. Super Elevation ending slope value and Widening ending width value must match the first segment value defined by: • A following Super Elevation or Widening. (Priority) • A following Template. • Exception: if the Widening or Super Elevation is the last element in the road, it’s end transition value does not have to match anything. 5. Super Elevation and Widening ending stations must be greater than their beginning stations. 6.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Road Rules Examples Figure 1 Overhead view of a template-to-template linear transition Figure 2 Template to Widening Transition 88
Road Layout Figure 3 Widening to Template Transition Figure 4 Widening to Widening Transition 89
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Figure 5 Template Inserted Into A Widening Area Figure Descriptions Figure 1 shows an overhead view of a simple transition from one template to another. Notice the linear transition of one template segment end node to the next. Figure 2 shows an overhead view of a basic template to widening transition. The widening’s first segment width for the start station must match the first segment width of the previous template.
Road Layout segment now take on the shape of the inserted template. The figure shows a widening where the start width is the same as the end width but having the widening use the same start and end width is not required. The first segment of the template will be adjusted to match whatever the widening says the width of the first segment should be at the station where the template is inserted. Also notice in Figure 5 that we have defined a widening with the start width the same as the end width.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Creating Templates The information for a single template is stored in a separate file with a TP5 extension. Template names are limited to eight characters plus the extension so that they can be used in DOS-based data collectors. Each template stores information on the cross section for one side of the road. A road can have as many templates as necessary, but each side of the road must only use templates with the same number of segments.
Road Layout 3. Tap Insert… . This will open the Edit Segment dialog box. Enter the following information to define the first segment, which will be a 20-foot wide roadbed with a –2% slope. Segment Name: Roadbed Horizontal Dist: 20 Slope: -2 4. Tap to return to the New Template screen where the new roadbed segment will appear in a list of segments. At this point, only the roadbed and will be displayed in the list.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 5. With selected, tap Insert… and enter the following data to add a new segment that will describe the face of a curb. Notice for the last field, you need to toggle the Slope button to V. Offset and select the ~U radio button to specify that the curb extends upward. Segment Name: Curb Horizontal Dist: 0 Vert Dist: ~U 0.5 6. Tap to return to the New Template screen where the new curb segment will appear. 7.
Road Layout 9. Tap from the New Template screen and the Save As dialog box will open. Enter T1 in the Name field and tap . This completes the creation of a template. Building an Alignment The Edit Alignments routine is used to create an alignment and is explained in detail starting on Page 50.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Add Templates to the Alignment 1. Tap Roads , Edit Roads from the Main Menu to open the Add/Edit Roads screen. 2. Since we are creating a new road, tap New… to open the New Road screen. 3. With the Road tab selected, enter a name for the road in the Road Name field. In this example, we used Example. 4. Tap the Choose Alignment… button and select an alignment. In this example, we selected the Roadway alignment created on Page 50. Tap to continue. 5.
Road Layout 8. With selected in the Left column, tap the Add… button. This opens the Add Left Template screen, which allows you to add a template to the left side of the road. 9. All the available templates will be displayed in the Template column. Select the T1 template, created earlier. 10. Since we will use this template for both sides of the road, check the ; Mirror to Right checkbox and tap to return to the New Road screen.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Add Widenings 12. Tap the Widenings tab. We will define a widening where a new lane will begin in the right side of the road. 13. Tap in the Right column and then tap the Add… button. This opens the Add Right Widening screen, which allows you to add a widening to the right side of the road 14. In the Start Station field, enter 0+25. This is where the widening will begin. 15.
Road Layout Add Super Elevations 19. Tap the Super Elevations tab where we will insert a super elevation at the beginning and end of a curve for the left and right sides of the road. 20. With selected in the Left column, tap the Add… button. This opens the Add Left Super Elevation screen, which allows you to add a super elevation to the left side of the road. 21. We will start the super elevation 100 feet from the beginning of the road so enter 1+00 in the Start Station field. 22.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 26. We now need to add a super elevation at the end of the curve on the left side of the road to change the slope back to -2%. 27. With selected in the Left column, tap the Add… button again. 28. From the Add Left Super Elevation screen we will start the transition out of the super elevation, 200 feet from the beginning of the road so enter 2+00 in the Start Station field. 29.
Road Layout 33. We now need to repeat the above steps for the right side of the road. Tap in the Right column to select that side of the road and then tap the Add… button to open the Add Right Super Elevation screen. 34. Enter the following data just as you did for the left side of the road and then tap . Start Station: 1+0 End Station: 1+25 Start Slope: -2 End Slope: -8 (notice this is a negative value) Parabolic Transition Start: 0.0 Parabolic Transition End: 0.0 Hinge on: Center 35.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Staking the Road With your road fully designed, you are now ready to stake the road. Staking a road is a simple and intuitive process. If you are familiar with point staking, you should be able to easily stake a road. This section explains how to get started using the Stake Road routine and then refers you to the point staking example when the screens become identical. 1. Tap Roads , Road Stakeout from the Main Menu to open the Stake Road screen. 2.
Road Layout from segment field. (A positive offset value extends away from the centerline.) 9. Once the correct station to stake is entered and the desired node is selected, tap the Next > button to continue. 10. The next screen that opens is identical to the screens used in point staking, since that is essentially what is occurring at this point. If you are not familiar with Point Staking, refer to Page 75. 11.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Slope Staking the Road The road slope staking procedure is nearly identical to the non-road layout slope staking routine described on Page 164. The main difference is the road layout templates can contain more segments, which modifies the options of where the hinge point should be located depending on if a cut or a fill is required. 1. Tap Roads, Slope Staking to open the Road Slope Staking screen. 2. Tap the Tap Road… button to open the Tap on a Road screen.
Road Layout 9. Tap the Fill Hinge Points tab to define where the hinge point will be computed in areas that require a fill. Use the << and >> buttons to select the desired segment. (The hinge point will be computed at the end of the selected segment.) 10. Now tap the Cut Hinge Points tab and define where the hinge point will be computed in areas that require a cut in the same way as you did in the previous step.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 11. Tap the Stake CP > button to continue to the next screen where the catch points at the current station can be located. This screen is identical to the screens used in the non-road layout slope staking routine. If you are not familiar with these screens, refer to Page 171. 12.
Road Layout Two of the stakeout settings should be considered when using a station equation: • When Stake "Corners", Not Just Even Intervals is checked, the location where the stationing changes will be considered a corner and will be included as you advance forward. • When Use Perfect Stationing is checked, the perfect stationing will always be computed using whichever stationing that you are currently staking.
DTM Stakeout The Stake DTM routine allows you to stake an area and get cut/fill information between the point being staked and a reference DTM surface at the same horizontal coordinates. You can also obtain volume information between the surface being staked and a specified reference elevation or the reference DTM surface. Reference DTM Surface DTM Stakeout requires a DTM surface that defines the reference elevations for the area that you plan to stake.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Set Up the Job 1. If your reference layer is defined by a DXF or DTM file, it must first be loaded into the data collector. 2. From the Main Menu, tap Stakeout , Stake DTM to open the Stake DTM screen. 3. In the DTM Source field, select if your DTM reference surface will be defined by a Layer or File and then select the layer or tap the power button, then Browse and select the appropriate DTM or DXF file.
DTM Stakeout 4. The name entered in the Store Point field will be used for the first point that is stored. Future points will be stored with the next available point names. Enter the rod height in the HR field. 5. You have the option of selecting a centerline to get offset and stationing information for the staked points. Checking the With C.L.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Select Your Layers 7. Tap Layers… from the Setup DTM 3D screen to open the Layers (Stake DTM) screen. a. Select the layer that you want to use for the stake points and other objects that exist on the surface you are staking. These points will be used to generate a DTM surface to compare to the reference DTM surface. b.
DTM Stakeout a. All the polylines in the current job are displayed. Select the appropriate polyline and tap to return to the Setup DTM 3D screen. 9. If a boundary is used, you must also select one of the two radio buttons in the Setup DTM 3D screen: ~ Exclude points…: will move any objects that occur outside the selected boundary to the Auxiliary layer. ~ Discard the boundary…: will initially move any points that exist outside the boundary to the Auxiliary layer.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Select any Break Lines (optional) Break lines are polylines that define any linear object on the surface you are staking such as a trench, a fence, or the face of a cliff. No TIN will pass through a break line when generating the DTM surface. If a boundary is selected, the entire break line must fall inside the boundary. If any part of a break line touches the boundary, the break line is invalid. 10.
DTM Stakeout Stake the DTM 13. With the information correctly entered in the Stake DTM screen, tap Next > to continue. 14. The second Stake DTM screen will open with a graphic that shows the reference DTM, the centerline, if used, and any break lines. Tap the Take Shot… button to take a shot. 15.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 16. At anytime, you can view the current (non-reference) DTM surface computed from the points staked so far by tapping the View… button. The Store button will store the last point shot. The Result card displays additional information about the last stake point and the Centerline card displays information related to the last stake point in relation to the centerline, if selected earlier. View the DTM 17. Tap View… to access the 3D View screen.
DTM Stakeout Note: The cut/fill values accessed from the Volume button are total volume differences between the DTM surface being staked and either the reference DTM surface, or a reference elevation (plane). The cut/fill values displayed in the Result card of the second Stake DTM screen are vertical distances between the current stake point and the reference DTM surface at the same horizontal coordinates. The button toggles to display or hide the point names and descriptions in the 3D view.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode When the Display Difference from Ref. DTM checkbox is unchecked, the Datum field can be set to a reference elevation. Cut and fill volumes in the 3D View screen will then be based on the difference of a horizontal plane at the elevation specified here and the non-reference DTM surface. The View Direction (from view point to the center) settings allow you to specify the exact horizontal and vertical angle in which to view the DTM surface. 19.
Mapping Plane Scale Factor When converting distances on a map to distances on the ground, you must correct for two different scale distortions. First, the effects of the map projection distortion must be corrected with the mapping plane scale factor. Second, the geometric effect of your height above the reference surface (ellipsoid height) must be corrected with the ellipsoid scale factor. Generally, these two scale factors are multiplied together into the combined scale factor.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode K=1.0 K>1.0 K=1.0 K<1.0 K=0.9996 K>1.0 Distance on Ellipsoid so id Distance on Map El li p Mapping Plane Central Meridian Fig. 3: Transverse Mercator Mapping Plane A side view of the cylinder shows the effect of scale distortion. Universal Transverse Mercator Projection The scale factor at the central meridian (CM) is 0.9996. The scale factor is 1.0 approximately 170-km east and west of the CM.
Mapping Plane Scale Factor Distance on Ground Ellipsoid Height, h Distance on Ellipsoid R+h Radius of Ellipsoid, R Fig. 5: Ellipsoid Scale Factor The effect of height above the ellipsoid on scale.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode The mapping plane scale factor should not be confused with the Adjust for Earth Curvature/Refraction setting located on the Job > Settings > Surveying screen, which is independent of the mapping plane scale factor. If the earth curvature adjustment is enabled, it is applied to all total station measurements before any mapping plane scale factor is applied. Scale Factor Settings There are three modes of calculations with scale factor: 1. No scale factor. 2.
Mapping Plane Scale Factor Combined Scale Factor You should select Use a single combined scale factor option when using a single combined scale factor to reduce all your total station measurements. The scale factor might be provided for you, in which case you simply enter the value in the Combined Factor field and tap to return to the Job > Settings > Surveying screen, otherwise you can calculate the combined scale factor as described below.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Enter the point’s Ellipsoid Height to calculate the Ellipsoid Scale Factor, and tap Solve>. Review the calculated combined scale factor to be used for ground to grid reductions. The inverse combined factor is what you use for grid to ground calculations. Tap Accept to return to the Scale Settings screen where the computed combined scale factor will be entered for you.
Mapping Plane Scale Factor Grid Factor with Sea Level You should select Use a grid factor with sea level correction option when you have a single grid factor and you want an elevation factor calculated for each total station shot. The grid factor you enter is combined with the elevation factor for each shot to yield the combined factor for that shot. The grid factor may be provided or you can calculate it using the Calculate Scale wizard.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Enter the origin point and tap Next > . Ideally the origin point should be located near the center of your job and at an average elevation. Enter the local ground coordinates for the origin. This will be the local plane coordinate of the Origin Point. It is recommended that you use a recognizably different coordinate range to distinguish the values from the grid coordinates. For example, a UTM coordinate of (4,997,000, 356,000) could become (5000,5000).
Mapping Plane Scale Factor Accessing the Scale Factor Settings The Scale Factor settings are used to configure a mapping plane scale factor for the current job and are accessed in two different ways: Scale Factor for New Jobs When a job is being created, the second screen of the New Job wizard contains a Use Scale Factor checkbox. When checked, the Scale Factor settings will start as soon as the New Job wizard finishes. This setting is always unchecked by default.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Working with a Scale Factor Once a mapping plane scale factor is configured for a job, the scaling affects most of the other screens and routines. For example, when viewing the coordinates for a point, where you would normally only see the ground coordinates, you will now see both ground and grid northing and easting coordinates.
Mapping Plane Scale Factor If you are using a grid scale with sea level correction, including auto map plane mode, the Apply Scale Factor wizard will open where a reference point and vertical distance are needed to compute the scale factor. The Vertical Distance is the vertical difference from the reference point to your target. If working on a level surface, this value will be zero.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Some routines lack a point of reference for the Apply Scale power button, or for scaling output results. If you access one of these routines while using a sea level scale factor you will automatically be presented with the Scale Factor wizard before the routine opens. For most routines, you will not see this screen since the reference point is already known.
Other Tutorials This section describes how to use several of the routines in Survey Pro. Each example outlines the procedure to use a particular screen. The examples are written in a general way so the user can use their own data to become familiar with the routine. Import / Export The Import routine allows you to add the coordinates from any job to the current job, or import LandXML data.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode If importing coordinates from a source, such as an HP 48, where you are not sure if the units are in International Feet or US Survey Feet into a job that is set to International Feet or US Survey Feet, you will usually just want to import them without any conversion being performed. To do this, be sure to select the same distance units for the source file as those set for the current job. Importing *.
Other Tutorials 5. The Import CR5 dialog box will open where you must specify the distance used in the file being imported. Select the correct distance and then tap . (See warning above.) If any of the point names in the source file match a point name already in the current job, the Confirm Point Replace dialog box, shown here, will open asking you what you want to do. Make the desired choice to continue. If a duplicate point is encountered (duplicate name and coordinates), it will be ignored.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Importing LandXML Files Survey Pro gives you the ability to import the following objects from a LandXML file: Points Both named and un-named (anonymous) LandXML points will be imported as Survey Pro points. Like in other import coordinate functions, if an imported point name conflicts with an existing point name, a prompt will open asking if you want to rename the imported point or overwrite the existing point.
Other Tutorials Features The only feature data that is imported from a LandXML file are TDS feature attributes. Importing a LandXML File 1. With the job open that you want to add LandXML objects to, select .File , Import from the Main Menu. 2. In the Type field of the Import screen, select LandXML Files (*.xml). 3. Tap the desired LandXML file that you want to import and then tap . 4. The first of two configuration screens will open.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 5. Tap Next to continue to the second screen. When the Import polylines, alignments and parcels checkbox is checked, everything in the LandXML file that can be imported will be imported. When this is unchecked, only the points will be imported. When Import parcels to the specified layer is checked, the parcels will be imported to the specified layer. All other imported objects will still be stored to the layer(s) defined in the previous screen.
Other Tutorials Import Control The Import Control routine is a solution for people that are used to using control files with versions of Survey Pro prior to Version 4.0. The Import Control routine is nearly identical to the Import routine with the primary exception that the imported points are always stored to a special layer called CONTROL.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Exporting Coordinates The steps below will copy selected points from the current job to a new job in a specified file format. 1. Select .File , Export from the Main Menu to open the Export screen. 2. Select the type of file you are exporting coordinates to and tap Next> . 3. You can select the desired points to export using any of the following buttons: • Tap Points… allows you to select points by tapping them from a map view.
Other Tutorials Repetition Shots A repetition “shot” consists of one or more sets. A set consists of four individual shots; direct and reverse shots to a backsight and a foresight. The result of a repetition shot is to store the foresight point using average coordinate values that are computed from all the shots taken. Repetition shots can be performed with a variety of options. This section explains how to perform a repetition shot and the different options available.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 3. Set the Horizontal, Zenith, and Distance Tolerances in the appropriate fields. The direct shots for each set are compared to the corresponding reverse shots. If any of the angles or distances exceeds the specified tolerances, the Repetition Error dialog box, shown here, will open that asks what you want to do. You have the following choices: • Retry : Re-shoot only the last set. • Continue : Continue and use the shot anyway.
Other Tutorials • BS ^ BS > FS ^ FS: Shoot backsight, reverse scope, shoot backsight, shoot foresight, reverse scope, shoot foresight • FS ^ FS > BS ^ BS: Shoot foresight, reverse scope, shoot foresight, shoot backsight, reverse scope, shoot backsight • FS > BS ^ BS > FS: Shoot foresight, shoot backsight, reverse scope, shoot backsight, shoot foresight • FS > BS ^ > FS > BS: Shoot foresight, shoot backsight, reverse scope, shoot foresight, shoot backsight • BS ^ BS ^ > FS ^ FS ^: Shoot backsight, r
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 4. Prompts will open after every shot that instruct you on which point to shoot next and when you when you need to flop the scope. If at least three sets were performed, the Average (of) and Worst Residual fields will be filled in after the final shot is taken. The Average (of) values are simply average measurements for all of the shots taken. The Worst Residual is the angle or distance measurement that varied the most from the average from all the shots taken. 5.
Other Tutorials Radial Sideshots The Radial Sideshots screen is used to perform repetition shots to a backsight and any number of foresights (side shots) from the same occupy point. The behavior of the routine is a cross between the Repetition Shots routine (Page 139) and the Multiple Sideshots routine. A single set in the Radial Sideshot routine starts with a direct shot to your backsight followed by a shot to each foresight.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Note: When using a robotic total station and Enable Automatic Repetition is checked in the Radial SS Settings screen, only the direct (Face 1) shots for the first set will need to be shot manually. All remaining shots will be performed automatically. The Shooting Sequence is where you choose to shoot all Face 2 side shots in the same order as the Face 1 shots (B>F1>..>Fn^F1>..>Fn>B), or in reverse order (B>F1>..>Fn^Fn>..>F1>B).
Other Tutorials 5. Tap Shoot to take a side shot. Once the shot is completed, the Results screen, shown here, will be displayed. You are now provided with three option: • Tap Done with SS > if you are finished taking all Face 1 side shots for this set and continue to Step 6. • Tap Shoot if you want to throw out the results for this shot and re-shoot it. • Tap Next SS> if you want to shoot another new side shot in Face 1. You will then repeat Step 4 for the new point.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 7. When all shots for every set is complete, the lower right button will be labeled Done > . Tapping it will compute and store all the side shots.
Other Tutorials Shoot From Two Ends The Shoot From Two Ends screen is used to provide more accurate vertical closure to a traverse. The routine requires that after the foresight is shot, its location is not computed until after the foresight point is occupied and a second shot is taken to the previous occupy point. Once the second shot is complete, the coordinates for the original foresight are computed from an average of both shots. BS Shot 1 Shot 2 1.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Offset Shots Three individual screens are used to perform offset shots. These include the Distance Offset screen, Horizontal Angle Offset screen, and Vertical Angle Offset screen. Offset shots are generally performed to compute coordinates for points that cannot easily be occupied by the rod. The offset routine that you choose will depend on your situation. Each routine is explained below.
Other Tutorials 4. Enter a positive offset distance in the Horz Dist Offset field if the offset to the new point is behind the rod location (from the total station’s point of view), or enter a negative offset distance if the new point is in front of the rod location. 5. If the new point is at a different elevation than the rod location, enter the a positive vertical offset in the Elevation Offset field, or a negative vertical offset if the new point is below the rod location. 6.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 1. From the Main Menu, tap .Survey , Horz Angle Offset . If you have not already setup your backsight, you will need to do so before the Horizontal Angle Offset Shot screen will open. 2. The rod person should position the prism to the side of the location of the new point so that the angle formed by the new point, the prism, and total station form 90°. (See illustration.) 3. With the total station aimed toward the new point, tap the Aim Center button.
Other Tutorials 2. With the prism positioned directly below the location of the new point, aim the total station at the prism and tap Shoot Prism . 3. Aim the total station at the new point and tap Aim Zenith . (Only a zenith angle is measured during this shot so a prism is not necessary.) A new point will be stored with the same northing and easting as the rod location, but with a different elevation.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Performing a Resection Setup the total station over the location where you want to compute coordinates. Be sure that at least two known points are in view from this location. (The known points must already be stored in the current job.) 1. Tap .Survey , Resection from the Main Menu. 2. Enter the occupy point name that you want to compute in the Store Pt field. 3.
Other Tutorials With this screen filled in correctly, aim toward the next resection point and tap the Take Shot… button to shoot the specified resection point. 9. Repeat Steps 7 through 9 until every resection point is shot. After the final shot is completed, the Save Point screen will open where you can specify a description for the new point. 10. Tap to return to the Resection screen.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Solar Observations The Solar Observation screen is used to compute the azimuth to an arbitrary backsight based on the position of a celestial body, typically the sun. You can either use the time set in the system clock on the data collector or an external timepiece. Whichever you choose, you should calibrate it against Coordinated Universal Time shortly before performing the solar observation. An accurate timepiece is critical when performing solar observations.
Other Tutorials Performing a Sun Shot 1. Setup over a point with known or assumed coordinates and aim the total station at the backsight point to which you will determine the azimuth. 2. From the Main Menu, select .Survey , Solar Observation . 3. A dialog will open asking you to select an observation method and tap . For this example we will select the Find Azimuth Using Ephemeris Data option since it contains a couple additional steps. 4. Enter the latitude and longitude for your occupy point in the Lat.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode • Check the Correct to State Grid checkbox if you want the computed azimuth corrected to align with the local state plane coordinate system. Note: The Central Meridian and Zone Constant values for the United States are provided in Appendix A of the Reference Manual. 7. Refer to a current ephemeris and fill in the remaining five values. When the screen is correctly filled in, tap the Shots tab.
Other Tutorials 10. WITH A SOLAR FILTER INSTALLED, aim ahead of the path of the sun so that the trailing edge has not yet contacted the vertical crosshair in the scope and tap Take Shot to record the current horizontal angle. Get local time now! 11. Watch the movement of the sun in the scope. As soon as the trailing edge of the sun contacts the vertical crosshair, either tap the Get Local Time button or use an external timepiece and note the precise time.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode What to Do Next With the azimuth to the backsight known, you can now perform the following steps to begin your survey. 1. Without moving from the occupy point used while performing the solar observation, note the computed average azimuth from the Solar Observation Results screen. 2. From the Main Menu, access the .Survey , Backsight Setup screen. 3. Toggle the BS Point / BS Direction button to BS Direction and enter the computed azimuth in that field.
Other Tutorials Remote Control Remote control mode is a special mode that makes it possible for users to control a fully robotic total station from a remote data collector. Remote control mode contains additional screens that are used exclusively with robotic instruments that perform tracking and aiming functions. The behavior of the software differs slightly in remote mode when a shot is taken and when performing stake out.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Once the total station is aiming near the prism, the Search button is used to start the total station in a search pattern. The search pattern continues until it finds the prism. The Lock button puts the total station in track mode where it will track the movements of the prism and Stop will stop the total station from tracking the prism. Tapping the Aim tab will open a screen used to precisely aim the instrument.
Other Tutorials Taking a Shot in Remote Mode When running in a non-remote mode, tapping the Traverse or Side Shot button will simply trigger the total station to take a shot. When running in remote mode, tapping these buttons will open the Remote Shot screen. The Remote Shot screen is nearly identical to the Remote Control screen except it has an additional button that allows you to trigger the total station to take a shot.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Stake Out in Remote Mode Performing stake out in remote mode is different from running in a non-remote mode because the feedback is continuous and provided in the rod’s point of view instead of the total station’s. Stakeout data is presented in the Remote Staking screen. All of the information is displayed as if the rod person were facing the total station. The graphic portion of the screen will change depending on how close the rod is to the stake point.
Other Tutorials Remote staking beyond 10 feet from target Remote staking between 1 and 10 feet Remote staking within 1 foot from target Remote staking over target 163
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Slope Staking in Remote Mode Slope staking in remote control mode functions in nearly the same way as with a non-remote total station (see Page 168). The one difference is when using the final Slope Staking screen, where the catch point is being located, the graphic portion of the Horizontal Map and Vertical Map is updated continuously.
Other Tutorials GeoLock GeoLock is a feature that uses a GPS receiver to calculate your position so while working robotically, if the total station loses lock of the prism, it can quickly turn to the location of the prism based on the GPS position and then automatically perform a search to lock back onto the prism. GeoLock is available when using a Trimble or Geodimeter robotic total station, along with a GPS receiver that outputs a NMEA signal.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Configuring GeoLock Once you have setup your job and total station, you need to power on your GPS receiver and establish communication. 1. Attach the communications cable, if applicable. 2. Open the Remote Control or Remote Shot screen. 3. Set your EDM mode to Track. This is important for the localization process, explained later. 4. Tap the satellite icon in the Command Bar to open a list of GeoLock options. 5.
Other Tutorials 9. Tap to save the settings and close the screen. You are now ready to collect data and start the localizing process. If the satellite icon is now red in color , tap the icon and read the bottom line of the list that opens to see what the problem is. If the message says No GPS Data, check your communication connection between the data collector and GPS receiver. If the message says GeoLock Requires Backsight set, you need to solve your backsight or no localization solution can be calculated.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode back to yellow and you will need to move around again to relocalize before you can use the GeoLock feature. Using GeoLock If, for example, you have a localization solution and you pass behind a group of trees where the total station loses lock on the prism, the GeoLock button will become enabled.
Other Tutorials The Slope Stake routine can automatically determine if the outer slope of the road profile should have a positive or a negative slope based on the location of the hinge point. If Terrain the hinge point is located below the surface of the terrain, Hinge Points a positive slope is selected and a cut will be required, Catch Points starting at the catch point.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 5. Enter the horizontal width of the left and right sides of the road in the 1/2 Road Width fields. These widths do not have to be the same. 6. Enter the cross-slopes of each side of the road in the X-Slope (%) fields. Note: A negative X-Slope value will result in a slope where water runs from the centerline of the road toward the edge. 7. If the road profile also includes a curb or a ditch, check the Stake Curb / Ditch checkbox and define the curb or ditch as follows. 8.
Other Tutorials Ditch CL 14. The Segment # (Fill HP) field is used to select which segment to compute the slope from in a fill situation. This is useful when your road profile includes a ditch and you Catch Point Hinge Point (Segment 2) are staking an area that requires a fill. In this situation, A road with a ditch requiring the ditch would not be necessary so you have the option to a fill and the hinge point is at compute the slope from Segment 1. (See illustration.) Fill Slope Terrain Segment #2.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Note: You can tap in the graphic portion of the screen to open the graphic in a larger window. 19. With the rod in the general location of the first catch point that you want to stake, aim toward the prism and tap Shot. The distance and direction information will be computed and displayed along with other information pertaining to the shot. The routine automatically determines if you are staking the left or right catch point by the proximity of the rod. Des.
Other Tutorials Note: All previous shots taken while locating a specific catch point are shown in the map view as large X’s. These can be useful in determining a situation where there is no catch point. (The slope never intersects with the surface of the terrain.) 20. Once the catch point is satisfactorily located and staked, tap Store > . 21. Enter a Point Name and Description in the corresponding fields and tap Store CP .
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Intersection The Intersection screen computes and optionally stores the coordinates for the intersection of two lines that are tangent to existing points. Each line is independently defined by a known direction or a known length. In the situation where there is more than one possible solution, each solution is provided and optionally stored. 1. From the Main Menu, select .Cogo , Intersection . 2.
Other Tutorials Map Check The Map Check screen is used to enter distance and direction information from a map for straight and curved sections to compute closure, and other information from the entered boundary. Entering Boundary Data Each straight and curved section of the boundary is entered using the Add Line… and Add Arc… buttons in the order that the sections occur on the map. 1. From the Main Menu, tap .Cogo , Map Check . 2.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Editing Boundary Data Any entered section can be modified if an error is discovered. To edit a particular section, select the section from the left-hand portion of the screen and tap the Edit… button. The details of the selected section will open in the same editor that was used to create it. Simply make the necessary changes and tap . Adding Boundary Data to the Current Project You can add the boundary data that was entered to your current project.
Other Tutorials Predetermined Area The Predetermined Area routine will take a boundary with one open side and compute the location of a line that will enclose a boundary with a specified area. Two methods are available for computing a predetermined area, the Hinge Method and the Parallel Method. Each method is explained below. Hinge Method 4 (hinge) ? 2 3 The Hinge Method computes the location of a side of a boundary that has one fixed point and a known direction.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Note: The boundary can have as many points as you desire, but the selected points must begin with the starting point of the fixed line that the hinge line intersect with and end with the hinge point. 6. Tap Solve. The final boundary side will be computed and the data can be viewed by using the Results and Map tabs. If you selected to store a point in Step 3, the computed point will also be stored.
Other Tutorials 1. Tap Cogo , Predetermined Area from the Main Menu. 2. Enter the first point that defines one of the sides of your three-sided boundary in the Point 1 field. 3. Define the direction of this side of the boundary that will intersect with the endpoints of the computed line. For this example, you would tap the second and select Choose From Map… and power button then tap Points 7 and 1. 4.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Horizontal Curve Layout The Horizontal Curve Layout screen is useful to compute the locations of any station along a horizontal curve using one of four different methods. The values computed can be written down and used to later stake those stations in the field. 1. Tap .Curve , Curve Layout from the Main Menu. 2. Select the method that you want to use to compute your curve layout data in the Method field. Each method is described below.
Other Tutorials PT Tangent Offset n Ta Current Station O PI ffs is t. et RP t en D Ta n Tan - TD The Tangent Offset method computes a perpendicular offset length (Tangent Offset) from the PC-PI line to the current station and the distance on the PC-PI line from the PC to the Tangent Offset (Tangent Distance). ng Ta PC PT Chord Offset rd Le Cho Chord Dist.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode 3. Define your horizontal curve by making the appropriate selections from the first two buttons and filling in the corresponding values. 4. Enter the station to be assigned to the PC in the PC Station field. 5. Check the Interval box if you want to compute data for stations at fixed intervals on the curve and enter the distance between them in the same field. 6. Enter the station that you want to compute in the Current Station field and tap Solve. 7.
Other Tutorials Parabolic Curve Layout The Parabolic Curve Layout screen is useful to compute the locations of any station along a vertical curve when two parts of the curve are already known. The values computed can be written down and used to later stake those stations in the field. 1. Tap Curve , Parabolic Curve from the Main Menu. 2. In the Known field, select if the station and elevation for the PVC or the PVI are known by selecting the appropriate radio button.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Spiral Layout A spiral curve is a special curve that has a specified radius at one end, which gradually changes to an infinite radius at the other end. It is commonly used as a transition between a straight section and a circular curve. The Spiral Layout screen is used to calculate the pertinent parts of a circular curve after specifying the spiral curve’s radius and length. 1. Tap Curve , Spiral from the Main Menu. 2.
Other Tutorials Curve and Offset The Curve and Offset screen allows you to design a curve and stake it in the field. You can stake the curve’s centerline or an offset to the curve at any specified station interval. Define Your Curve 1. Tap Stakeout , Curve and Offset from the Main Menu. 2. If you have not yet setup your backsight, tap the Backsight… button and set it up. 3. Specify the point that you will use for the PC of your curve in the PC Point field. Tip: You can use the power button, from your map.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Set Up Your Staking Options 9. Enter the first station that you want to stake in the Station field. 10. Enter the desired spacing between the staked stations in the Station Interval field. 11. In the Offset field, select L if you wish to stake an offset on the left side of the curve, or select R if you wish to stake an offset on the right side and enter the desired offset here. (If you are not staking an offset, enter an offset of zero.) 12. Tap the V.
Other Tutorials Stake the Point 15. The final screen allows you to stake the current station. With the rod positioned where you want it, tap the Shot button to take a shot. If necessary, move the rod and take another shot until it is over the design point. 16. Tap the Store button to save the stake point. You will automatically be returned to the second screen (Step 9) where you can then tap the Next Sta button to advance the current station by the station interval and stake the next point.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Scale Adjustment The Scale routine will adjust the coordinates of selected points by a specified scale factor relative to a base point. This is useful to repair data that was collected where an incorrect scale factor was applied. 1. Tap Adjust , Scale from the Main Menu. 2. Use the Tap Points… or To/From… button to specify the points that you want to adjust. 3. Enter the name of the base point in the Base Point field. 4.
Other Tutorials Translate Adjustment The Translate routine will move points horizontally and/or vertically a specified distance and direction. This routine is often used after a survey was performed in an assumed coordinate system. If the actual coordinates for at least one of the points is found later, the Translate routine can be used to shift all of the affected points to the correct coordinate system and/or elevation. 1. Tap Adjust , Translate from the Main Menu. 2.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Translate by Coordinates The Translate by Coordinates method requires that you define a starting location and an ending location. The adjustment will then move all of the selected points in the direction and distance as defined between the starting and ending locations. 190 • Check the Translate by Coordinates checkbox.
Other Tutorials Rotate Adjustment The Rotate Adjustment routine will rotate selected points around a specified rotation point. 1. Tap Adjust , Rotate from the Main Menu. 2. Use the Tap Points… or To/From… button to select the points that need to be rotated. 3. Enter the point that the selected points will rotate around in the Pivot field. 4. Select a radio button for one of the following rotation methods: • If you select Simple Angle, simply enter the rotation angle in the appropriate field.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Traverse Adjust The Traverse Adjust wizard will perform an angle adjustment, a compass rule adjustment, or both. Angle Adjust The Angle Adjust routine will compute the angular error in a closed traverse from a known closing angle.
Other Tutorials Compass Rule The Compass Rule Adjustment will adjust either a closed or an open traverse. When adjusting a closed traverse, the error between the closing point and the initial point is computed and distributed among each traverse point, except the initial point resulting in a perfect closure.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Performing a Traverse Adjustment 1. Tap Adjust , Traverse Adjust from the Main Menu. 2. Use the Tap Polylines… or To/From… button to select the polyline or points that define your traverse, which should be in the same order that the traverse points were collected. 3. Select the appropriate checkboxes to define the type of adjustment(s) to perform and what will be adjusted. 4. Tap Next > to continue to the next screen.
Other Tutorials 7. If a Compass Rule adjustment is being performed, the screen shown here will open. Select Closed Traverse if you are adjusting a closed traverse or select Close to Known Location if you are adjusting an open traverse and closing to a known point or location. A closing location can be defined by an existing point or known coordinates by toggling the Point / Location button accordingly.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode Surface Scan The Surface Scan routine will automatically take a sequence of shots within a predefined area when used with a robotic total station running in reflectorless mode. The data collected can then be used with PC software to create a 3-D raster image of the surface or to generate a DTM surface, which can be used to compute volumes. Before starting a scan, you should check the Surface Scan settings. 1. Select Survey > Surface Scan to open the Surface Scan routine.
Other Tutorials determines how many shots will be taken within the perimeter. The more shots that are taken, the more detailed the surface scan will be, but the longer it will take to complete. 3. In the Select Type of Surface Scan field, select if you want to use either the Distance Grid method or Angle Grid method to set up the surface to shoot. Each method is described below.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode e. Enter the desired vertical distance between each shot of the surface being scanned in the Vertical Distance Interval field. Distance Grid Advantage and Disadvantages The advantage of using the Distance Grid method is it is more intuitive to set up the spacing between shots (distance interval) since the distance interval can be measured on the surface being scanned and irrelevant of how far the total station is from the surface.
Other Tutorials The Horizontal Angle Interval and Vertical Angle Interval fields are used to configure the spacing between each shot taken within the boundaries of the predefined surface. The smaller the angles entered here, the more shots will be taken, resulting in a more detailed surface, but while taking more time to complete. c. Enter the desired horizontal angle to turn between each shot of the surface being scanned in the Horizontal Angle Interval field. d.
User’s Manual – Conventional Mode The Surface Scan Statistics screen displays useful information about the computed surface to be scanned, including an estimate on how long it will take to complete the surface scan. 8. Be sure to check the Store Pts box to store all the points that are scanned and specify the starting point number in the corresponding field. 9. Tap Go > to start the surface scan and open the Surface Scan Results screen.
Leveling Fieldwork Leveling is one of three possible surveying modes that can be used with Survey Pro. Leveling mode in Survey Pro can only be used after purchasing and registering the Leveling Module. (See Page 4 for more information on registering modules.) Once registered, level loops and the 2 peg test can be performed. Leveling data collection is organized into loops. A level loop is a series of level measurements that start with a backsight on a known point with a valid elevation.
User’s Manual – Leveling Mode Benchmark: A point in a level loop that is stored in the current job. Benchmark points are usually permanent marks on the ground that can be reoccupied at a later date. Benchmarks are part of the level loop since they are used as the backsight for the next setup, with the exception of the closing benchmark. Leveling Side Shots: An intermediate shot from any setup in the level loop.
Leveling Level Settings The Level Settings screen is where the shooting sequence and leveling tolerances are configured. Fill in the screen as necessary. If any shots exceed the tolerance specified and the corresponding checkbox is checked, a prompt will appear to warn you. Consult the Reference Manual for more information on the individual fields in this screen. The Load FGCS Defaults button will open the FGCS Defaults screen where you can specify a particular order and class for the level loop.
User’s Manual – Leveling Mode Leveling Methods Survey Pro supports the following leveling methods: • Three Wire • Single Wire • Electronic • Trigonometric All of the leveling methods can be performed in Manual Mode, where the readings are read from an instrument and then manually keyed into the data collector.
Leveling Manual Leveling If you will be entering data manually, select and activate the Manual Mode and tap Activate to activate it and then tap Instrument Settings to open the Level Method screen. Select the manual leveling method you want to use and tap . Level Loop Procedure The procedure for leveling with Survey Pro is nearly identical no matter which method you are using. The main difference for each method is the type of information that is entered with each shot taken.
User’s Manual – Leveling Mode Creating a New Loop 1. From the Main Menu, select Leveling > Select/Create Loop . This will open the Select/Create Loop screen. You can select an existing loop that has not yet been closed, or create a new loop. Selecting a closed loop will display detailed information about that loop. 2. Tap the New Loop > button. The New Level Loop screen will open. 3. Enter a name for the new loop in the New Loop field and enter your starting benchmark in the CBM field.
Leveling 4. The details of the new loop are displayed on this screen. You can optionally enter a description for the new loop and then tap Create Loop to create and open the new loop. 5. A prompt will tell you that the new loop has been created. Tap OK and you will automatically be taken to the Level screen where you can begin collecting data.
User’s Manual – Leveling Mode Level Screen 6. This is called the Level screen, although the title bar displays the name of the current level loop. The Level screen will automatically open after a new loop is created, or if an existing loop (that has not yet been closed) is selected. It can also be accessed manually from the Main Menu by selecting Leveling > Level . The Level screen is used to indicate which type of shot you want to take next.
Leveling Turn to Turning Point (Leveling Shots) 7. When shooting a turning point, you will immediately be prompted for the necessary shots for all sets in the sequence selected in the Level Settings screen (Page 203). This screen is also used when performing the actual shots for all the other types of shots that can be selected from the Level screen.
User’s Manual – Leveling Mode 210 Three Wire Shot Single Wire Shot Electronic Shot Trigonometric Shot
Leveling 9. Once all the shots in the sequence are completed, the Shot Results screen will open listing the details for each point. You can remove the backsight and/or foresight shot with the worst residual by tapping the corresponding Toss button. The shots with the worst residuals are always removed first. Continuing to tap the button will eventually remove all the shots taken to that point.
User’s Manual – Leveling Mode Turn to Benchmark 11. This option should be used whenever you will be shooting any benchmark other than the starting benchmark. (The starting benchmark is always the backsight for the first shot in a level loop.) Enter the benchmark point in the BM Point field. If this is a closing benchmark, this point must already exist in the current job.
Leveling If you are not closing your level loop, you will return to the Level screen in Step 6. If you are closing your level loop, continue to the next step. 15. The Close Loop screen will open and display all the information about the loop. If you tap Close Level Loop , the loop will be closed and no more shots for that loop can be taken. You will then return to the Level screen and all the shot buttons will be grayed out. Note: Once a level loop is closed, no additional shot data can be added to it. 16.
User’s Manual – Leveling Mode 17. While viewing the notes for any level loop, you can tap the (Settings) button to customize the settings for this screen. (This is the only location where you can access this Settings screen.) For more information on each field of this screen, consult the reference manual.
Leveling Side Shots 18. Prior to shooting a benchmark or turning point, you can shoot any number of leveling side shots to compute the elevation for any arbitrary points. Enter the point name in the SS Point field, and an optional description in the Desc field. Since the horizontal coordinates for the new point cannot be computed from the leveling routine, you must provide them manually in the N and E fields.
User’s Manual – Leveling Mode Stakeout 19. Shooting a leveling stakeout point is similar to a leveling side shot in that it must be done before shooting a benchmark or turning point from any particular setup, and once complete, you will return to the Level screen where the next shot type is selected, without advancing to the next setup.
Leveling 2 Peg Test The 2 Peg Test is used to check the collimation error of the instrument. The test will compute the error, which can then be used to adjust the horizontal crosshair of the instrument. 1. Position two rods 50 to 90 meters apart (165 to 300 feet). 2. Pace off the distance between the rods and set up the level midway between them. (The placement of the rod over Point B can be adjusted after shooting Point A.) 3. Carefully level the instrument.
User’s Manual – Leveling Mode 7. You can optionally tap Check H. Dist to verify the instrument is centered between the two rods. The distance to Point B will be measured and compared to the horizontal distances previously measured to Point A and a come/go distance will be provided so the rod at Point B can be moved to equal the horizontal distance to Point A prior to taking the shots that will be used to compute the error. 8. Tap Take Shot.
Leveling 12. After the final shot is taken, the Peg Test Results screen will open showing the details of the shots taken and the computed error.
GPS Overview This portion of the User's Manual includes basic fundamentals of GPS coordinate systems and measurements. The following section discusses how GPS coordinates are used in Survey Pro. Both of these sections contain general information that applies to both the GPS module and Basic GPS module. Following these general sections are two sections that are specific for the GPS module and the Basic GPS module.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode ¾ A description of geoid modeling and how to use geoid models for vertical transformations. RTK and Post Processing Using GPS for precise survey measurements requires data from two receivers to be collected simultaneously. There are two common methods for calculating positions with this data: Real Time Kinematic (RTK) and post processing.
GPS Overview GPS Measurements GPS coordinates are computed using pseudo-range positioning. Pseudo-range positioning involves intersecting the ranges from the known SV position in a manner similar to a distance – distance intersection problem. Four SVs are required to determine three position dimensions and time. Position dimensions are computed by the receiver in Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed X, Y, Z (ECEF XYZ) coordinates. A pseudo-range solution will be one of two types: autonomous, or differential.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Code Differential Code differential solutions use the Coarse Acquisition (C/A) navigation code transmitted on the GPS carrier wave. Because the wavelength of the code segment is long (300m), code differential is the least precise differential solution. Accuracies of 1-10 meters are possible with DGPS using C/A code differential positioning. Carrier Phase Differential Highly precise coordinate differences can be measured using pseudorange positioning with the carrier signal wave.
GPS Overview GPS Network Servers, NTRIP, and VRS Traditionally, RTK GPS was done with a base and rover receiver setup on the survey site and using a radio data modem to get the observations from the base to the rover for the real time solution. Another way to do RTK GPS is to use one or more permanently operating base stations connected to an Internet network.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode these corrections, such as Trimble VRS. A detailed description of these technologies is beyond the scope of this manual. Please see the end of this manual for references to more information. Network Transfer of RTCM via Internet Protocol (NTRIP) The Network Transfer of RTCM via Internet Protocol (NTRIP) is a standard established by the Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM).
GPS Coordinates To represent positions in space you need two things. First, you need a datum to define an origin, an orientation, and a scale. Second, you need a coordinate system to specify the locations in the datum. GPS positions are in a global geocentric datum, using latitude and longitude angles to specify location. Most engineering and surveying jobs require positions in a 2D Cartesian coordinate system.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode WGS84 Geodetic v. Local Geodetic When the coordinate system is a mapping plane in a datum other than WGS84, positions measured in WGS84 latitude, longitude and height, must be transformed into local latitude, longitude, and height before they can be used to calculate northing and easting with the specified map projection. There are three methods of datum transformation supported by Survey Pro. • Molodensky Transformation: Is the most commonly used transformation.
GPS Overview Horizontal Datums • NAD27 The North American Datum of 1927 (NAD27) horizontal datum was established in the early part of the twentieth century to define a horizontal coordinate system in North America. The datum originated at a central point, Meades Ranch in Kansas. From there, conventional triangulation and trilateration networks radiated outward to establish new monuments in the system.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode (1996.0). The date in the brackets indicates the epoch defining the datum. This is all quite confusing. Fortunately, for most RTK GPS applications, you do not need to worry about these WGS84 differences. The significant part of the datum difference is a shift, and you correct this when you specify the GPS base position. The other part of the datum difference is the small rotation of the axes.
GPS Overview apples and oranges. For example, if you set your base on a point with a known coordinate in the NAD83(1996.0) datum, then all the rover positions will be in the NAD83(1996.0) datum. Similarly, if you set the base on an autonomous position, and occupy one or more NGS control monuments all in the NAD83(1999.0) datum, then the localization corrects your entire survey to the NAD83(1999.0) datum.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode datum not programmed into the database, you can use the Projection Key-In Wizard to create a custom Molodensky or similarity datum transformation. Vertical Datums GPS satellites orbit the Earth’s center of mass, while objects on the surface of the planet are affected by the force of the local gravity field.
GPS Overview then run across the country and closed on the opposite coast. This datum contained a number of systematic errors including un-modeled local gravity effects and refraction errors. Also, it was later discovered that the “mean sea level” from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans was not the same. • NAVD88 In an effort to address these errors, the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) was realized from a single datum point in Rimouski, Quebec.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode apply. When a vertical coordinate is required, most survey projects require orthometric elevations. Z h Gr ee • Lat, Lng, Ht Geodetic horizontal coordinates are usually expressed as two angles called latitude and longitude (φ, λ). Geodetic vertical coordinates are usually expressed as the distance above the ellipsoid called height. The angles describe a point’s position on the surface of the reference ellipsoid.
GPS Overview Horizontal Coordinate Systems Survey projects use horizontal coordinates on either a local plane or a map projection. For small projects, you can assume a simple flat earth plane and calculate coordinates directly with measured distances. Use Ground - TDS Localization mode for this procedure. For large projects, a mapping plane is used to accurately represent the curved surface of the earth on a flat plane and conventionally measured distances need to be scaled to the mapping plane grid.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode • Area A map projection is equi-areal when it correctly plots areas over the entire map. That is, all mapped areas have the same proportional relationship to the areas on the Earth that they represent. Common Conformal Map Projections in Surveying • Transverse Mercator The Transverse Mercator (TM) projection results from projecting the ellipsoid onto a cylinder tangent to a central meridian.
GPS Overview • Stereographic The Stereographic projection results from projecting an ellipsoid onto a plane. Directions are true from the center point and distortions in scale, area and shape increase uniformly away from the central point. The stereographic projection is azimuthal. Because the scale is distorted somewhat uniformly in all directions, stereographic map projections are a good representation of a surveyor’s typical flat earth ground coordinate system.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode K=1.0 K>1.0 K=1.0 K<1.0 K=0.9996 K>1.0 Distance on Ellipsoid so id Distance on Map El li p Mapping Plane Central Meridian Fig. 3: Transverse Mercator Mapping Plane A side view of the cylinder shows the effect of scale distortion. • Universal Transverse Mercator Projection The scale factor at the central meridian (CM) is 0.9996. The scale factor is 1.0 approximately 170-km east and west of the CM. The scale factor is less than one between the CM and the point of tangency.
GPS Overview change appreciable within the range of RTK GPS, so this map projection is an excellent way to model simple flat earth ground level coordinate systems. Ellipsoid Scale Factor This scale factor accounts for the height of the ground above the reference surface (the ellipsoid). This scale factor is defined geometrically: Consider the following diagram: Distance on Ground Ellipsoid Height, h Distance on Ellipsoid R+h Radius of Ellipsoid, R Fig.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Vertical Coordinate Systems GPS measurements provide ellipsoid heights. Most survey projects require orthometric elevations. To convert heights into elevations, you need to correct for the difference between the surface of the reference ellipsoid and the level surface representing the gravity field. The procedure to convert heights (h) to elevations (H) involves the use of a geoid model. The geoid is a theoretical surface that approximates mean sea level.
GPS Overview • In Canada you can use the Geodetic Survey Division HT 2.0 model, or the older GSD95, HT1_01, and HT97 models. • For any location world wide, you can use the NIMA 15-minute geoid height grid data file, WW15mGH.*. This file covers the entire globe on a 15’ x 15’ grid. In Australia you can use the AUSGEOID98 geoid model. Note: To use any of these geoids with Survey Pro, you need files in Trimble .ggf format.
GPS Coordinates in Survey Pro GPS positions are measured in a 3D coordinate system, which models the earth using an ellipsoidal shape. The horizontal position is usually given as two angles, relative to the ellipsoid axes, called latitude and longitude. The vertical position is usually given as a linear distance, perpendicular to the ellipsoid, called height. Most survey projects use horizontal coordinates on a plane which approximates a small piece of the ground assuming a ‘flat earth’.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Projection Mode Survey Pro has two different modes for calculating local northing and easting from GPS measurements: Ground – TDS Localization, and Mapping Plane. In Ground - TDS Localization mode, there is no map projection and no datum to transform geodetic to local coordinates. In this case, a default map projection is created with the first RTK base setup. Then, a localization adjustment is solved (Page 282).
GPS Coordinates Projection Mode Summary Horizontal Projection Modes Ground - TDS Localization Local coordinates are at ground level, based on the project height. Distances shot with EDM are at ground scale, so are 1:1 with coordinates solved by the projection. Default map projection and datum are automatically initialized with RTK base setup. Mapping Plane Local coordinates are on a conformal map projection grid.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode A coordinate system is un-initialized when you have no zone record set. In Ground – TDS Localization mode, this means that you have not yet configured the first RTK base position in Survey Pro. In Mapping Plane mode, this means you have not yet selected a zone record from the coordinate system database. A coordinate system is set when there is a zone record set.
GPS Coordinates coordinates to your mapping plane coordinates. Therefore, a localization is not required in this case. • If your job already contains geodetic coordinates which were measured from an autonomous setup, and you are continuing the survey using coordinates from the network GPS, you will need to re-solve the localization to get results in the proper local system. This is the case for both Ground – TDS Localization and Mapping Plane horizontal projection mode.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Projection Mode Configuration Mapping Plane Mode TDS Localization Mode The projection mode can be configured or changed from the Survey > Projection screen, which will look different depending on the current projection mode. Tapping Show Details will open the Projection Details screen that lists the details of the current projection.
GPS Coordinates Tapping Switch to TDS Localization will switch from Mapping Plane mode to TDS Localization mode. TDS Localization Mode Tapping Reset Origin will open the screen to manually key in the parameters for the default map projection zone used in the localization adjustment as described on Page 249. Tapping Solve Localization will open the Solve Localization routine. This routine is described on Page 282 for when running the GPS module and on Page 349 for when running the Basic GPS module.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 1. Go to Survey > Projection > Set Zone to open the Localization Set Zone screen. 2. Enter the Setup Group for the zone. The setup group is used to associate this zone with the autonomous base setup. The setup group should usually be the same as the current RTK base. 3. Enter the Origin Latitude and Origin Longitude for the zone. The origin coordinate is usually at the same location as the RTK base. 4. Enter the Origin Height for the zone.
GPS Coordinates Mapping Plane Select Zone Use the Select Coordinate System screen to select either a mapping plane zone or a localized site from the coordinate system database file. This screen is also used to open the Key In Zone wizard where you can key in the parameters of a custom map projection and datum. 1. Open the Select Coordinate System screen.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode • Use the Delete Zone / Site button to delete zones or sites from the database. You can only delete user created sites, you cannot delete the original 'system' records in the database. • Use the Key In Zone button to open the Key In Zone screen where you can configure a custom map projection and datum. Key In Zone Use the Key In Zone screen to create a custom map projection and a custom datum transformation to add to the coordinate system database file.
GPS Coordinates 4. Select the Grid direction for positive coordinates in the new map projection zone. Choices for grid direction are: • North\East Grid. Select this choice to have coordinates increase positive in the north and east directions. • South\West Grid. Select this choice to have coordinates increase positive in the south and west directions. Note: The geodetic calculation engine and the Survey Pro coordinate geometry engine are separate components.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 11. If you are using a custom datum, enter the datum translations from WGS84 to Local. Note: Note the sign of the datum shift and rotation parameters. Survey Pro requires you enter the datum transformation parameters in the direction of WGS84 to Local. If your datum parameters are given as local datum to WGS84, you will need to invert the conversion parameters before entering into Survey Pro. 12. Tap Next.
GPS Coordinates Switching from Grid to Ground 1. Any time a Mapping Plane mode zone or localized site record is selected, go to the Survey > Projection screen and tap Setup Ground Coordinates… . 2. In the Projection Definition box, select Use Ground Coordinates. 3. Select the Ground Coordinate Origin; this is the point around which the scale factor will be applied. The recommended procedure is to select or key in a project location close to the survey area.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 6. Enter the Desired Local Ground Coordinate. This will be the local plane coordinate of the origin Reference Point. It is recommended that you use a recognizably different coordinate range to distinguish the values from the grid coordinates. For example, a UTM coordinate of (4,997,000, 356,000) could become (5000,5000). The local coordinate you enter here is subtracted from the scaled grid coordinate of your reference point to get the Ground Offsets. Tap Next>. 7.
GPS Coordinates Coordinates. 3. Tap Accept to switch back to the mapping plane grid coordinate system, and open the Adjust with Projection wizard at the Results screen. Tap Apply to set the coordinate system and update the job file points. Note: If your projection is a zone based site, then the localization parameters will automatically be converted back to the map projection values. You do not have to resolve the localization. 4.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode • Datum: Is a type of datum transformation and its parameters. There is always an ellipsoid record from the database already attached to the datum. • Ellipsoid: Are the two parameters specifying the ellipsoid of the datum. • Geoid: Is a geoid model and its associated data file. Managing GPS Coordinates in Survey Pro Survey Pro for Windows CE uses a binary file with the extension *.job. A .
GPS Coordinates • GPS Control Point H/V: These flags identify points to be included in the localization control point list and whether to use those points for the horizontal and/or vertical solution. For more information on set up groups, see Page 288. 4. If you change either the plane or geodetic location, and the point has geodetic coordinates, will be warned of the possible consequences, and, depending on your projection settings, prompted to rectify the plane and geodetic coordinate before accepting.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode • If you have a valid coordinate system solved Survey Pro will calculate the plane location for each geodetic point imported. Survey Pro will set the northing, easting, and elevation for any points that could be transformed without error. • If you do not yet have a valid coordinate system solved, Survey Pro will set the plane location to (0.0, 0.0, 0.0). You would then have to use the Adjust with Projection wizard in some manner to rectify the geodetic to plane coordinates.
GPS Coordinates ForeSight DXM, SPSO, TGO, and TTC There are a number of software applications that will work with Survey Pro .job and .raw files containing geodetic coordinates and GPS measurement vectors.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode coordinate system, user entered points, and all of the observation vectors taken in the survey will be imported into the project. The coordinates for measured points will then be calculated in your SPSO project from the measurement data. You can also import a .job file into the project. When you import a .job file you will get only the coordinate system and the point coordinates; you will not get the measurement vectors from the .job file. SPSO export will create a .
GPS Coordinates GPS measured points is not uploaded to the data collector from TGO or TTC. However, this is not a problem since the coordinate system definition is uploaded, and this will define the transformation from plane to geodetic. Note: TGO will only import GPS measurement vectors from Survey Pro .RAW files that were collected with an EPOCH25 GPS receiver or with a Trimble GPS receiver when the Trimble System Extension module was authorized in Survey Pro at the time of data collection.
GPS Module Survey Pro can be sold with either the standard GPS module or the Basic GPS module. This section outlines the procedures for using Survey Pro with the GPS module. If using the Basic GPS module, refer to Page 329. The GPS module allows you to control a GPS receiver for both real time and post processing data collection. This section describes how to start a GPS survey and how to use GPS data collection and stake out.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Receiver Settings Using either RTK or post processing data collection is controlled by the type of receiver you choose to connect to. The Job > Settings > Receiver screen is used to manage receiver profiles for RTK and post processing receivers. You must create a receiver profile for each different brand and model you want to use as an RTK base, RTK rover, RTK NTRIP rover, or post processing only receiver. Receiver Settings Receiver Setup 1.
GPS Module This receiver profile is now ready to use in a GPS survey. You should now set the RTK and/or post processing settings on the Measure Mode, Projection, and Post Processing cards of the Job > Settings screen, see page 269. Receiver Settings – Receiver Mode 1. Select a receiver mode for this profile. You can choose from: • RTK Base: Select this mode to use the receiver as an RTK base.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode • NTRIP Rover: Select this mode to use the receiver as an RTK rover where the base corrections are to be supplied to the rover by connection to an NTRIP service (see page 225). To configure an NTRIP rover, you must setup the Windows Networking modem parameters on the Data Modem card (see below). Note: You do not need to select the RTK Correction Format for an NTRIP rover because this will be determined by the NTRIP service you pick at rover setup time.
GPS Module the ‘Generic Serial’ device and simply set the correct port, baud rate, and parity for this device. Receiver Settings – General The controls on the Receiver Settings – General card will vary depending on brand and model. Please see the documentation that came with your GPS receiver for details on the different settings that may be available. If using a Bluetooth GPS receiver, refer to the Bluetooth section on Page 316.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Start GPS Survey The Start GPS Survey wizard is used to start any RTK survey. This wizard will guide you through the steps required to choose a coordinate system, set up your equipment, solve an adjustment, and start collecting data or staking out points. The Start GPS Survey wizard can be used for any RTK setup, regardless of your coordinate system requirements, and your base and rover equipment configuration.
GPS Module Start GPS Survey - Choose Projection Mode The Start GPS Survey Choose Projection mode screen is used to choose the horizontal projection mode. There are two choices: Choose to Use Ground – TDS Localization when your survey is a ground level site with no projection and no datum to relate the local coordinates to geodetic. When you choose Ground – TDS Localization, the next step will be base and rover setup, and solving the localization adjustment.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Start GPS Survey – Choose Geoid Use the Select Geoid Model screen to select a geoid model and data file to use with either the Ground - TDS Localization or Mapping Plane zone. This screen only appears as part of the GPS Start Survey wizard when a geoid is not currently assigned. 1. Select a Geoid Model to use from the list. 2. If there are no data files for the selected geoid model, the File control will display "No .ggf files for this geoid.
GPS Module Survey – Solve Localization screen is opened. If the complete setup is already done, the Data Collection screen (Page 302) is opened. • Set New Base: This option is used when you wish to connect to a GPS base receiver, set it as an RTK base, and configure the base reference position in Survey Pro. When you select Set New Base, you are prompted to select a base receiver and then the Base Setup wizard is opened.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Start GPS Survey – Base Setup The Base Setup wizard is used to setup an RTK base receiver, and to configure the base reference position in Survey Pro. Base Setup One – Pick Point The first step of the Base Setup wizard is to pick a point for the base reference position, and measure the antenna height at the setup. 1. Set the base receiver antenna over the point. 2. Tap Setup HR to select your antenna type and measure the slant or vertical height of the antenna. 3.
GPS Module 4. Tap Next>. The final step of the Base Setup wizard will depend on the base point chosen. If the base (lat, lng, ht) is known or can be computed, the final step is to SET the base at the known geodetic position. If the base (lat, lng, ht) is not known, the final step is to GET an autonomous position to SET the base with. Base Setup Two – SET The Base Setup Set screen is used when the geodetic coordinate of the chosen base reference point is known or can be calculated. 5.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Base Setup Two - GET and SET The Base Setup GET and SET screen is used when the geodetic coordinate of the base reference position is not known. In this case, you must GET an autonomous position from the GPS receiver and then you can SET this as the reference position. 7. Tap GET Position From Rx to get an autonomous position from the receiver. If you wish to get an averaged position, enter a number in Average position [n] epochs before GET. 8.
GPS Module Rover Setup – Select NTRIP Service 1. Select a service from the Select an NTRIP service list box. 2. If this service requires a user name and/or password, enter these values in the User Name and/or Password edit fields. 3. If you wish to persist this user name and/or password, check the Save User Name and Password box. 4. Tap Connect> to log onto the RTK network server and use the selected service. Rover Setup – Set Rover 1.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Rover Setup – Set Base Reference Position When you are using a remote base station, and the base reference position is not yet known to Survey Pro, you must complete the Base Setup wizard for the remote base position in order to store the base position in Survey Pro and update the raw data.
GPS Module • When the rover receives the base antenna information, Survey Pro displays the antenna height received. The antenna Measure To displays Get From Base. Note: When the rover receives the base antenna information, and the base point exists in the job file, Survey Pro checks the agreement between the base antenna phase center position broadcast minus the broadcast antenna, and the height of the point in the job file.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 1. Tap Next>. 2. Review the base reference position to be stored in Survey Pro. Tap Set to accept the remote base receiver antenna and position and update the raw data, and continue with the RTK survey.
GPS Module Start GPS Survey - Solve Localization The Start GPS Survey Solve Localization screen is displayed when you need a horizontal adjustment to solve your coordinate system. A horizontal adjustment is required to solve your coordinate system any time you begin a survey from an autonomous base position. This is always the case when your projection mode is Ground – TDS Localization, since your first base setup is always from an autonomous GPS position.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Solve Localization When you start a GPS survey from an autonomous base position, you need to solve a localization to adjust GPS measurements into local coordinates. This is the case for both horizontal projection modes. Using Ground - TDS Localization, you need to solve a localization to relate your arbitrary GPS start point into your non-geodetic local system.
GPS Module Localization with Control Points Horizontal localization is a simple 2D similarity transformation from mapping plane coordinates in an intermediate system to coordinates in your local system. In Ground - TDS Localization mode, the intermediate system is the default map projection initialized for ground distances at the base height. In Mapping Plane mode, the intermediate system is the inaccurate coordinates calculated on the selected map projection from the autonomous GPS base.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Detailed Procedure Since the field procedure is the same for both horizontal and vertical localization solutions, the instructions below cover both cases. 1. From the Control Points screen, select a control point to occupy and enter the name into the Point control. Horizontal control points must have a valid northing and easting coordinate in the local system.
GPS Module 7. In the list box, control points collected will be identified with an H and/or V. Points marked H will be used to solve horizontal localization. Points marked with a V will be used to solve vertical localization. You can select or deselect any point by highlighting that point and then: tap the H and/or V column beside that point; press H and/or V on the keyboard. Note: If your base was set up on a known point, that point is an eligible control point.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode • Unique: the solution was calculated using the minimum number of control points or fewer. In this case, there is no least squares solution to provide residuals, so the numbers in the N Err, E Err, and/or V Err columns are misclosures calculated from the control points that are not used in the solution. • LSQ: the solution was calculated with more than the minimum number of control points.
GPS Module 14. When you are happy with the solution, tap Accept to set the horizontal and/or vertical adjustment. The Adjust with Projection wizard will open to show you a preview of the changes to the geodetic points. Tap Accept to update the coordinate system in the job and raw data, and to apply the adjustment to the points. Manual Entry of Parameters Manual entry of parameters is used when you already know the appropriate horizontal and vertical localization parameters for a site.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Localization Parameters Explained Before you accept a localization solution, you should evaluate the parameters and the quality of the solution. This section describes the meaning and the expected values for the six horizontal and five vertical localization parameters. Guidelines for the quality and geometry of control points plus the solution redundancy and residuals are also described.
GPS Module Mapping Plane Mode: Scale: is the scale difference between the intermediate mapping plane using the autonomous GPS position and the actual mapping plane control coordinates. Scale should be very close to 1.0. A value of 1.0 corresponds to grid distances on the selected conformal mapping plane. A scale value significantly greater or smaller than 1.0 may indicate problems with the control point accuracy and/or the control measurement precision.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Vertical: Slope: is the North and East tilt of the inclined plane adjustment. These values are given in parts per million, and represent the radian angle values of the deflection between the ellipsoid normal and the local gravity vector. This tilt approximates what a geodosist would call 'deflection of the vertical'.
GPS Module Quality of Localization Solutions Starting from an autonomous GPS base position and solving a localization with control points is similar to starting a conventional survey from an unknown setup and solving a resection. The quality of the solution depends on both the precision of the measurements to the control points and the accuracy of the control point coordinates.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode • Check points: after solving for localization parameters with a minimum number of control points, you should occupy an independent checkpoint to verify the solution quality. If you desire, this point can be added as a control point and used for subsequent solutions. If the checkpoint measurement is within the tolerance, this step should not be necessary.
GPS Module the local coordinate system, it is not possible to compare the geodetic coordinates from the different sets of data. Survey Pro solves this problem by assigning a set up group each time a new autonomous base is set. A set up group is a unique flag attached to each point record generated by GPS. Setup groups are assigned as follows: • When you set a new base point with an autonomous GET, Survey Pro creates a new set up group for this point.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode • The coordinate system has its origin at the local northing and easting of the first base position. The localization Translation values would be the offset between the default map projection’s origin (100000, 100000)m and the local coordinate of the base. Localization Calculator Note: The Localization calculator is used to provide the field procedure for a workflow supported in Survey Pro versions prior to 3.5.
GPS Module parameters. Tap Accept to finish setup and return to the Projection screen. 8. If you set your base up on a new point, you need to tap Occupy Control. You will be prompted to make sure your Scale and Rotation are correct before the Control Points screen is opened. You need to select and occupy a single control point. When you are done, tap Accept to return to the Solve Localization screen and the calculated coordinates are returned to the North and East fields. 9. Tap Solve>.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode The following conditions must be met in order to use the Remote Elevation routine. • The base and rover must be set. • You must be using a geoid model as part of your vertical coordinate system. • The horizontal coordinate system must be solved. 1. Open the Survey > Remote Elevation screen. 2. If your benchmark is not in the job file, select the Add Benchmark checkbox, enter the Elevation, and specify a new point number in the New Point field.
GPS Module Import GPS Control In some cases, you can occupy a GPS control point in the field during data collection, but you do not have the correct mapping plane local north, east, elevation coordinate for that control point. In this case, you can not solve the localization in the field. However, it is possible to solve the localization after the field work has been completed, and Survey Pro will update all of the GPS collected points with the proper local coordinate.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode • You start a survey with your base on an autonomous position. You occupy one or more control points during the survey, but you do not have the proper north, east, elevation coordinate in the field. You get back to the office and you calculate the proper coordinate for these points by some method such as an adjustment of post processed baselines, or from another crew’s job file measurement to the same point. You then wish to solve a localization using these points as control. 1.
GPS Module choose the Coordinate Type and key in the North, East, and Elevation, or the Latitude, Longitude, and Height. 6. Tap Next > after you have entered the local coordinate for each point. After the last point, the wizard will advance to the final screen. 7. Examine the preview of the control points to be created. When you are creating a single control point, the complete details are listed on this screen. To edit the input, tap < Back.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 8. Choose an action to take after Survey Pro creates the GPS control points selected. You can choose from: • Automatically solve localization (calibration): Use this option to create the selected GPS control points, and automatically solve the localization, without opening the Solve Localization wizard. The Readjust with Projection screen opens showing you a preview of the update to the job file coordinates to be applied with the new localization solution.
GPS Module RTK Data Collection Once your horizontal and vertical projections are solved, you are ready to collect data. The different measure mode settings and data collection options are described below. Measure Mode 1. From the Data Collection screen or from any GPS stake out screen, tap Settings to open the Job > Settings > Measure Mode card. 2. Select the Accept filter. • Fixed RTK only will reject all positions that are not fixed.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Data Collection The GPS Data Collection screen is used to add points to the job file. There are several methods to collect data. Occupy Point Use this method if you want to occupy a point with the rover for any amount of time. When you start a point occupation, the receiver will be put in static mode for the most precise measurement possible, and the event will be recorded in the post processing log file. 1. Go to the Survey > Data Collection screen. 2.
GPS Module measurement. When you are satisfied with the measurement tap Accept to return to the Data Collection screen 8. Check the Results tab for details on the last measurement. Check the Map tab to see the points plotted as they are stored. Topo SS Use this method if you want to store a point at the current rover position. When you tap Topo SS, Survey Pro will check the current position against the measurement criteria. If the position is good, then Survey Pro will store the point.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 5. Enter the direction (azimuth/bearing) from the reference point to the offset point. You can enter a direction in one of the following ways: • Using the horizontal angle returned from the conventional instrument if you took a shot. • Occupying a point on line with the reference point and the offset point. After you occupy the reference point, tap Direction from Two Points and then occupy a point on line with the reference point and the offset point.
GPS Module Note: For continuous data collection (except Manual: multi descriptions), once the first point is accepted, all additional points will be stored with the same description, layer, and attributes. When using Manual: multi descriptions mode, you will be prompted for description, layer, and attributes (if set) after every point. 4. Tap Feature. On the Feature Collection screen, select a Method. An explanation of the selected method is displayed at the bottom of the screen.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Occupy Control Point Use this button to open the Control Points screen (Page 283), where you can occupy a control point for the localization adjustment, or occupy a check point to verify the current coordinate system solution. Post Process Use this button to open the RTK Rover Session screen. This screen is used to start and stop point occupations in the post processing log file.
GPS Module RTK Stake Out Stake out with GPS is very similar to stake out with conventional instruments. See the Reference Manual for details on the different staking procedures. Below is a description of the two special features of stakeout with GPS. Roving/Occupying When you first start any GPS staking screen, measurements are started in the GPS receiver in dynamic (moving) mode.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Field Procedure Enable Post Processing 1. Create a post processing receiver profile (Page 222). Note: For simultaneous RTK and post processing data collection, receiver recording will be started automatically when you configure the RTK base and rover and specify a post processing recording interval. If you wish to do post processing only data collection, you need to complete the next step as well. Start Recording in Receiver 2. Go to the Survey > Post Processing screen.
GPS Module autonomous layer. If you choose to store the point in the Receiver file only, the Site ID can be any valid name for the receiver and you are not prompted for layer or attributes. 2. Enter a Description for this point. Note: If the Site ID or Description is not valid for your model of receiver, you will be prompted to modify them. 3. Tap Set HR to select an antenna type and enter the slant or vertical measurement. 4. Tap Apply to send the current station and antenna information to the receiver.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 5. Tapping Apply / Start will send the current Site ID and antenna information to the receiver to update the session in progress. If you are storing the point in Survey Pro, you will be prompted for the autonomous layer and attributes (if set) at this point. Note: When connected to certain receivers, this button will be labeled Start when roving and Apply with occupying. 6. When you are ready to move to a new point, tap Stop. Once you have occupied the new point, tap Start.
GPS Module Projection Utilities Survey Pro has a number of tools to help you work with map projections and coordinate system. This section describes the Adjust with Projection wizard and the Projection Calculator tools. Adjust with Projection The Adjust with Projection wizard is used to adjust job file points from one coordinate system into another.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Survey Pro: Select Coordinate System, changing horizontal projection mode on the Job > Settings > Projection screen. • When you go to the Survey > Adjust with Projection screen, Survey Pro will open the Adjust with Projection Select Points screen There are two different methods to adjust points. Depending on your choice, you will select the source and destination coordinate systems, the adjustment will be calculated, and Survey Pro will show the Results screen.
GPS Module Readjust with Current Projection: Use this mode when you wish to update locations using the current coordinate system. There are two options in this mode: Geodetic to Plane: use this option when you want to update the plane location of all points with geodetic coordinates. The WGS84 value of any selected point with geodetic coordinates will be transformed into a new plane value using the current coordinate system.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Adjust with Projection – Prompt Adjust The Adjust with Projection Prompt Adjust screen is only shown when the wizard opens automatically when you change the coordinate system. This will be the case when you select a zone or site using the Select Coordinate System screen, when you change or remove the geoid using the Select Coordinate System screen, or when you change the horizontal projection mode on the Survey > Projection screen.
GPS Module 1. Review the results. 2. Tap Apply to update the job. Projection Calculator You can use the Projection Calculator to calculate combined scale factor for scaling conventional distance measurements to the mapping plane. You can also use the Projection Calculator to calculate meridian convergence for reducing geodetic azimuths (such as a sun shot) to grid bearings. Scale Factor Calculator 1. Go to the Survey > Projection Calculator screen. 2.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 4. Tap Accept when you are done. Both numbers are saved in the Past Results list so you can use them in other calculations. Bluetooth & Windows Networking Survey Pro supports Bluetooth wireless communication on data collectors with built-in Bluetooth to communicate with Bluetoothenabled total stations, GPS receivers and cellular phones (for use as a modem when using VRS).
GPS Module Warning: It is not recommended that Bluetooth communication be used while logging GPS data to use for post processing. This scenario requires constant and reliable communications between the data collector and the receiver, which can only occur when using a communication cable. Bluetooth Setup in Windows This section describes how to enable Bluetooth in Windows and create a partnership with the device the data collector will communicate with.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode > Settings > Connections > 3. From Windows, tap Bluetooth > Devices. With the peripheral hardware positioned within a few meters, tap New Partnership… to search for Bluetooth devices. 4. Once the search is complete, all discoverable Bluetooth devices in the area will be listed. Tap the device you want to add and then tap Next .
GPS Module 5. If connecting to a GPS receiver or a total station, enter the Bluetooth passkey if there is one or leave the field blank if no passkey is required and then tap Next and skip to Step 7. If connecting to a cellular phone, enter any passkey that is 3 characters or longer and then tap Next and continue to the next step. 6. Look at the cell phone. It will ask if you want to add the data collector to your devices. Answer [Yes] and then enter the same passkey using the cell phone's keypad. 7.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Bluetooth in Survey Pro To configure a Bluetooth-enabled total station or GPS receiver to work with Survey Pro, perform the following steps from within Survey Pro: 1. Go to Job > Settings > Instrument, and edit an existing instrument profile or create a new one. 2. Select Bluetooth in the Serial Port field and confirm the correct Bluetooth peripheral is selected in the Device field.
GPS Module Windows Networking Survey Pro supports the use of a cellular phone as a modem to communicate with an NTRIP server when using VRS. Before using VRS for the first time, it is necessary to setup Windows Networking and configure Survey Pro to use a cellular phone as a modem.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 3. Tap Rx Settings…. 4. With the Receiver card selected, set Receiver Mode to NTRIP Rover. 5. Select the Data Modem card. 6. Tap Manage Connections. (This will temporarily exit Survey Pro and access the Windows' > Settings > Connections > Connections screen.
GPS Module 7. Under My ISP, tap Add a new modem connection. 8. Enter a name for the new connection in the first field • If communicating with the phone via Bluetooth, select Bluetooth in the second field and then tap Next and continue to the next step. • If the phone is connected to the data collector with a cable, select Hayes Compatible on COM1 in the second field and then tap Next and skip to Step 10.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 9. Select the phone you added during the Bluetooth discovery and bonding process as described in the User's Manual and tap Next. 10. Enter the number provided by your cellular phone company used to access online services and tap Next. 11. If your cellular phone company requires a user name and password to connect to online services, enter them in this screen, otherwise leave the fields in this screen blank and tap Finish.
GPS Module 12. Tap to close this screen and return to Survey Pro. 13. Select the newly-created cell phone modem for the Dial-Up Connection. Enter the IP Address of Base and Port for your VRS service provider and tap > > to return to the Main Menu.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Starting a Survey with VRS The following steps explain how to start a survey with VRS after any necessary Bluetooth steps have been performed and the Windows Networking configuration is complete. From the Main Menu, tap Survey > Start GPS Survey. 1. Tap Use Remote Base >. 2. Confirm your rover receiver is selected and then tap Connect >. The phone should begin dialing the server.
GPS Module 3. Once connected, tap the desired NTRIP service. Enter your User Name and Password, if the selected service requires them and then tap Connect >. You can now complete your GPS setup. Hanging Up and Redialing a Cellular Phone From the Main Menu, tap Survey > GPS Status > Cell Modem card > Hang up. You should double-check that the call has indeed ended by confirming the networking icon has disappeared from the cell phone screen.
Basic GPS Module Survey Pro can be sold with either the Basic GPS module or the standard GPS module. This section outlines the procedures for using Survey Pro with the Basic GPS module. If using the standard GPS module, refer to Page 265. In this section, you will learn: ¾ How to configure communication with the receivers. ¾ How to configure an RTK data modem link. ¾ How to use the Start Survey Wizard to start the RTK base and rover.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Serial Connection These steps describe how to configure the software when connecting to the receivers with a serial cable. This is the default setting and does not need to be configured unless it was changed. 1. If communicating with both GPS receivers using serial cables, tap Change Settings… from the Job > Settings > Connection screen.
Basic GPS Module Bluetooth Connection 1. If communicating with one or both GPS receivers using Bluetooth, tap Bluetooth Setup Wizard… from the Job > Settings > Connection screen. 2. Be sure your GPS receivers are powered on and the Bluetooth adapters are attached to COM2 on the EPOCH 25 and tap Scan >.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 3. The scan should locate only valid receivers. Tap Next > to continue. 4. The final screen displays the current connection and allows you to switch between Bluetooth and Serial if possible. If a particular Bluetooth receiver was not detected, it will automatically be configured to connect with a serial cable. Tap Finish to complete the wizard.
Basic GPS Module RTK Data Modem Configuration This section explains how to configure the type of data link to use between the base and rover. This is either base to rover RTK GPS using a radio modem, or Internet delivered base corrections using a cellular phone as a data modem. Using a Radio Modem Using a radio modem as the data link from base to rover is the most common configuration. 1. Select Base/Rover Radio RTK. 2.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Note: some settings on the radio cannot be modified with Survey Pro. To fully program the radio modems, you need to PC software that should be supplied with the radio. Using a Cellular Phone 1. Open the Job > Settings > Connection screen and select the Internet (Single Base/NTRIP) RTK radio button. Enter the Network IP and Network Port for the connection. If a Dial-Up Connection already exists, select it in the corresponding field and tap to finish and skip the remaining steps.
Basic GPS Module 3. Enter a name for the new connection in the first field, select Bluetooth in the second field and then tap Next and continue to the next step. 4. Confirm the Bluetooth cell phone that you want to partner with is turned on and Bluetooth is enabled and then tap New Partnership. The data collector will perform a scan for any nearby Bluetooth devices and list them on the screen when finished.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 5. Select the cell phone you want to partner with and tap Next. 6. If the partnered device requires a passkey, enter it here, otherwise leave it blank and tap Next. When partnering with a cell phone for use as a data modem, you typically enter any key that is 3 characters or longer and then enter the same key when you are prompted on the phone from the phone's keypad.
Basic GPS Module 7. Check the Dialup Networking checkbox and tap Finish to continue. 8. Select the cell phone you just added and tap Next.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode 9. Enter the number provided by your cellular phone company used to access online services and tap Next. 10. If your cellular phone company requires a user name and password to connect to online services, enter them in this screen, otherwise leave the fields in this screen blank and tap Finish.
Basic GPS Module 11. Tap Pro. to close this screen and return to Survey Basic GPS Start Survey To start a survey with the Basic GPS module, plug in the serial cable or connect the Bluetooth dongles and tap Survey > Start GPS Survey. The software will walk you through the rest of the process, which will be determined by the type of modem data link you are using and which receiver you are connected to.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Start Survey – Connect to Base and Rover Set Up Base 1. On initial connection to the base, the base position is recorded until we get a stable average of 10 epochs. Once we have an average autonomous base position, follow the instructions on the screen by entering an antenna height. If you plan to do post processing data collection in the base receiver, select a recording interval, otherwise leave it set to Off and tap Next >. 2.
Basic GPS Module 3. Fill in the screen and tap Next>. The base point name and the precise geodetic coordinate of the base are noted in Survey Pro. If you are doing post processing at the base, the station name, description, and antenna height are then sent to the file on the base receiver for post processing. Set Up Rover 4. You are prompted to connect to the rover receiver or will be automatically connected if using Bluetooth.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Start Survey – Connect to Rover (Remote Base or Internet Base) There are two workflows when you start a survey connecting to the rover: • The base broadcasting on a radio is already set and you wish to start the rover with the remote base. This is the case where there is more than one rover on a job site, or when you exit and restart a job and you wish to restart the survey without traveling back to the base. • You are using the Internet to get corrections.
Basic GPS Module Select NTRIP Services Screen Once connected, tap the desired NTRIP service. Enter your User Name and Password if the selected service requires them and then tap Connect >. You can now complete your GPS setup. Setup Rover Screen This feature is the same as the Set Rover screen (Page 341). Setup Remote Base 1. The Setup Remote Base screen can have three different states, which are the same as the Setup Base Point screen described on Page 340.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Hanging Up and Redialing a Cellular Phone To hang up an active connection, tap Survey > GPS Status > Cell Modem > Hang up from the Main Menu. If a connection was made previously, the Dial will be available. Tapping it will attempt to reconnect to the last connection that was made, including selecting the same NTRIP service, if applicable. Solve Projection The solve projection routine will appear any time the coordinate system is not solved.
Basic GPS Module GPS Backsight Page Layout GPS Resection Page Layout 1. Tap Occupy Control > to open the Collect Control screen (Page 346). This screen is used to select an existing job file point and initiate an occupation to create a GPS control point, which will be used to solve the localization. 2. After each occupation, the screen updates. 3. When enough horizontal and vertical control is collected, the wizard advances to the Projection Check Point Status screen (Page 347). 4.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Collect Control – Screen 1 1. Select an existing job file point 2. Designate if it is valid for horizontal, vertical, or 3D control. 3. Level the receiver over the point and tap Start Control Point Occupation. This will open the next Collect Control screen (Page 346) to monitor the occupation. Collect Control – Screen 2 1. Review the choice of H/V control eligibility. 2. Tap Accept to end the occupation. The control point is created in the job file and the raw data is recorded.
Basic GPS Module Projection Check Point Status Page The Projection Check Point Status screen appears in one of two states: GPS Backsight, or GPS Resection. The conditions for either state are the same as the Control Point Status screen. GPS Backsight Page Layout GPS Resection Page Layout 1. Tap Occupy Check > to open the Collect Check Point Prompt (Page 348).
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Collect Check Point Prompt 1. Select an existing job file point. 2. Designate if it is valid for horizontal, vertical, or 3D control. 3. Level the receiver over the point and tap Start Control Point Occupation. This will open the Collect Check Point screen, below, to monitor the occupation. Collect Check Point Screen 1. Examine the errors. Only the errors for the dimensions you specify for this control point (2D/1D/3D) will be shown. 2. Tap Accept to finish the occupation.
Basic GPS Module Solve Localization and Detect Blunders Before this page is opened, the localization is solved using all the control points, and then the automatic blunder detection routine runs to detect low quality control points. If Yes is displayed in the H or V column, it indicates the corresponding control point will be included in the horizontal or vertical localization solution, respectively. This can be toggled between Yes (included) or blank (not included) by tapping on it.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode status line will indicate the poor geometry of the control points, or if the localization fails to solve, you will see a yellow arrow and the status the status line will indicate the failure to solve the localization. Tapping Finish will apply the localization. If any of the horizontal or vertical control toggles are changed in this screen before tapping Finish, the button will change to Resolve, allowing you to re-compute the quality before tapping Finish.
Basic GPS Module control points for closure. This routine will usually identify the one or two bad points in a control point set, and then prompt you to automatically remove these points as control for the localization. If there is an ambiguous result for the blunder detection, you will be prompted to collect extra check points to provide the information needed to correctly identify the blunders.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Connect to Base and Rover – TDS Localization ‘One Point Setup’ The Start Survey Wizard will have different behavior any time the user is in Ground TDS Localization mode, and there is only one point in the job.
Basic GPS Module Traverse Base The Traverse Base routine provides an easy method to collect a point and then move your base to that point, or to move your base to any existing point in the current job. 1. From the Data Collection screen, tap Traverse Base to open the Traverse Base screen. 2. The Traverse Base screen provides you with the following two options: a. Traverse Base > : This starts a routine where you can move the base to another existing point in the current job as described below. b.
User’s Manual – GPS Mode Traverse Now Routine 1. Tap Traverse. This will open a prompt to move the receiver. 2. Tap OK to open the Connect to Base Receiver prompt. 3. Tap Connect > to auto-connect to a base, which includes the check and retry prompt if connected to the rover. 4. On connection to the base receiver, we begin the steps of the Basic Start Survey wizard (Page 340).
Basic GPS Module Occupy Then Traverse Routine 1. Tap Occupy Then Traverse to open the Occupy Data Point screen. 2. Tap Store on the occupy point, you are prompted for a name and description. 3. After accepting the point, you are prompted to connect to your base receiver. 4. On successful connection to the base, including the retry prompt if we detect you are still connected to the rover, the Basic Start Survey wizard will open as described on Page 340.
References Books: The following books are available from various sources, including the America Congress on Surveying and Mapping: o 5410 Grosvenor Lane, Bethesda MD, 20814 Phone: (301) 493 0200 Email: books@acsm.net For a basic description of GPS hardware, field procedures, network design, planning observations: o Van Sickle, Jan. GPS for Land Surveyors 1996, Ann Arbor. 300pp.
