User's Manual
Table Of Contents
- M-Turbo Ultrasound System User Guide
- Contents
- Introduction
- Chapter 1: Getting Started
- Chapter 2: System Setup
- Displaying the setup pages
- Restoring default settings
- A & B Key, Footswitch setup
- Administration setup
- Annotations setup
- Audio, Battery setup
- Cardiac Calculations setup
- Connectivity setup
- Date and Time setup
- Display Information setup
- IMT Calculations setup
- Network Status setup
- OB Calculations setup
- OB Custom Measurements setup
- OB Custom Tables setup
- Presets setup
- System Information setup
- USB Devices setup
- Chapter 3: Imaging
- Chapter 4: Measurements and Calculations
- Chapter 5: Troubleshooting and Maintenance
- Chapter 6: Safety
- Ergonomic safety
- Electrical safety classification
- Electrical safety
- Equipment safety
- Battery safety
- Clinical safety
- Hazardous materials
- Electromagnetic compatibility
- ALARA principle
- Acoustic artifacts
- Guidelines for reducing MI and TI
- Output display
- Transducer surface temperature rise
- Acoustic output measurement
- Acoustic output tables
- Labeling symbols
- Chapter 7: References
- Chapter 8: Specifications
- Glossary
- Index
98
penetration,resolution,andfieldofview.Thedefaultsystempresetsareresetatthestartof
eachnewpatient.Itisthescanningtechniqueofthequalifiedultrasounduseralongwith
patientvariabilitythatdeterminesthesystemsettingsthroughouttheexam.
Thevariableswhichaffectthewaythequalifiedultrasounduser
implementstheALARA
principleinclude:patientbodysize,locationofthebonerelativetothefocalpoint,attenuati o n
inthebody,andultrasoundexposuretime.Exposuretimeisanespeciallyusefulvariable,
becausethequalifiedultrasoundusercancontrolit.Theabilitytolimittheexposureovertime
supportstheALARA
principle.
Applying ALARA
Thesystemimagingmodeselectedbythequalifiedultrasounduserisdeterminedby the
diagnosticinformationrequired.2Dimagingprovidesanatomicalinformation;CPDimaging
providesinformationabouttheenergyoramplitudestrengthoftheDopplersignalovertime
atagivenanatomicallocationandisusedfordetectingthepresenceof
bloodflow;Color
imagingprovidesinformationabouttheenergyoramplitudestrengthoftheDopplersignal
overtimeatagivenanatomicallocationandisusedfordetectingthepresence,velocity,and
directionofbloodflow;TissueHarmonicImaginguseshigherreceivedfrequenciestoreduce
clutter,artifact,andimproveresolution
onthe2Dimage.Understandingthenatureofthe
imagingmodeusedallowsthequalifiedultrasoundusertoapplytheALARAprinciple.
Prudentuseofultrasoundrequiresthatpatientexposuretoultrasoundbelimitedtothelowest
ultrasoundoutputfortheshortesttimenecessarytoachieveacceptablediagnosticresults.
Decisionsthat
supportprudentusearebasedonthetypeofpatient,examtype,patienthistory,
easeordifficultyofobtainingdiagnosticallyusefulinformation,andpotentiallocalized
heatingofthepatientduetotransducersurfacetemperature.
Thesystemhasbeendesignedtoensurethattemperatureatthefaceofthetransducerwillnot
exceedthelimitsestablishedinSection42ofEN60601‐2‐37:Particularrequirementforthe
safetyofultrasoundmedicaldiagnosticandmonitoringequipment.See“Transducersurface
temperaturerise”onpage 104.Intheeventofadevicemalfunction,thereareredundant
controlsthatlimittransducerpower.Thisisaccomplishedby an
electricaldesignthatlimits
bothpowersupplycurrentandvoltagetothetransducer.
Thesonographerusesthesystemcontrolstoadjustimagequalityandlimitultrasoundoutput.
Thesystemcontrolsaredividedintothreecategoriesrelativetooutput:controlsthatdirectly
affectoutput,controlsthatindirectlyaffectoutput,andreceivercontrols.
Direct controls
Thesystemdoesnotexceedaspatialpeaktemporalaverageintensity(ISPTA)of720 mW/cm
2
forallimagingmodes.(ForeithertheOphthalmicorOrbitalexam,theacousticoutputis
limitedtothefo llowingvalues:ISPTAdoesnotexceed50 mW/cm
2
;TIdoesnotexceed1.0, and
MIdoesnotexceed0.23.)Themechanicalindex(MI)andthermalindex(TI)mayexceedvalues
greaterthan1.0onsometransducersinsomeimagingmodes.OnemaymonitortheMIandTI
valuesandadjustthecontrolstoreducethesevalues.See“Guidelines
forreducingMIandTI”