THINGMAGIC NANO USER GUIDE TM_Nano-UG Rev 09172018
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ThingMagic Nano User Guide ii REVISION HISTORY Date Version Description 3/2015 01 Draft 1 • Partial Draft for early-access release. 4/2015 01 REV A • First Release for prototype units with 1.3.1 firmware. 4/2015 01 Rev B • Second release for GA units with version 1.3.2 firmware. Receive sensitivity values updated (RF Characteristics) Long-term exposure caution updated Regulatory Support Thermal limits explained more fully (ThingMagic Nano Carrier Board) Minor Editorial Changes.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide iii Date Version Description 9/17/2018 TM_Nano-UG Rev 09172018 • • Updated to user documentation standards. Updated Japan frequency. JADAKtech.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Copyright Information ................................................................................................................ i Technical Support and Contact Information .............................................................................. i Revision History ....................................................................................................................... ii Chapter 1 - Introduction .....................................................................
ThingMagic Nano Carrier Board ......................................................................................23 Carrier Board Heat Sinking ..............................................................................................26 Chapter 3 - Firmware Overview ..............................................................................................................27 Boot Loader ..................................................................................................................
Chapter 6 - Specifications ......................................................................................................................41 ThingMagic Nano Specifications ............................................................................................41 Chapter 7 - Compliance and IP Notices .................................................................................................43 Communication Regulation Information ...............................................................
LIST OF TABLES ThingMagic Nano Digital Connector Signal Definition .................................................................................3 Voltage and Current Limits ..........................................................................................................................4 Recommended Maximum Receiver Baud Rate Errors ................................................................................6 GPIOs Summary .....................................................................
LIST OF FIGURES AND PHOTOS Module Pin-out ............................................................................................................................................2 Current Draw vs. DC Voltage and RF Output Level ....................................................................................9 Module Output Power vs. Module Voltage ................................................................................................10 Power Consumption vs. DC Voltage and RF Output Level ...
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 1 1 Introduction This document applies to the ThingMagic Nano embedded module Ultra High Frequency (UHF) RAIN® Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) module reader that you can integrate with other systems to create RFID-enabled products. This document is for hardware designers and software developers. Applications to control the ThingMagic Nano module can be written using the high level MercuryAPI version 1.31.1 and later. The MercuryAPI supports Java, .
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 2 2 Hardware Overview Hardware Interfaces Module Pin-out Connections are made to the module using 41 edge pads (“vias”) that allow the module to be surfacemounted to a main board. Here is a bottom view of the module, showing the numerical interfaces of the module: Module Pin-out The document sections that follow explain in detail how these connections are used. Antenna Connections ThingMagic Nano supports one monostatic bidirectional RF antenna through edge vias.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 3 Antenna Requirements The performance of ThingMagic Nano is affected by antenna quality. Antennas that provide good 50 ohm match at the operating frequency band perform best. Specified sensitivity performance is achieved with antennas providing 17 dB return loss (VSWR of 1.33) or better across the operating band. Damage to the module will not occur for any return loss of 1 dB or greater.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 4 ThingMagic Nano Digital Connector Signal Definition Signal Direction (In/Out of ThingMagic Nano) Edge Via Pin # Signal Notes 12 GPIO1 Bidirectional GPIO 13 GPIO2 Bidirectional GPIO 14 GPIO3 Bidirectional GPIO 15 GPIO4 Bidirectional GPIO 16,17 Vin Power Supply Input 3.3 to 5.5VDC. Pins 16 and 17 are internally connected. Connect DC power source to both pins to ensure sufficient current carrying capacity.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 5 Voltage and Current Limits Specification Limits Output Low-level Voltage 0.3 V typical, 0.7 V maximum Output High-level Voltage 3.0 V typical, 2.7 V minimum Output Low-level Current 10 mA maximum Output High-level Current 7 mA maximum Control Signal Specification The module communicates to a host processor via a TTL logic level UART serial port, accessed on the edge “vias.” The TTL logic level UART supports complete functionality.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 6 Recommended maximum receiver baud-rate errors for various character sizes are shown in the table below. Recommended Maximum Receiver Baud Rate Errors Baud rate Max total error Recommended max Rx error Min (-5.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 7 GPIO State to Logical Antenna Mapping Number of GPIOs and antenna mux GPO pins are dependent on the type of reader (module) connected. GPIOs Summary Module GPIOs PortSwitchGPOs No. of logical antennas Nano 4 4 16 The following charts give the complete mapping of GPO states to logical antenna numbers for the Nano module. Also shown is the physical antenna on the module which is active and presumably fed into a multiplexer controlled by the GPO lines.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 8 ENABLE Line Caution: The polarity of the ENABLE line is opposite from the 4-port M6e module. The ENABLE line (referred to as the SHUTDOWN line in the M6e) must be pulled HIGH or left unconnected for the module to be operational. To shut down the module, the line is set LOW or pulled to Ground. Switching from high to low to high is equivalent to performing a power cycle of the module. All internal components of the module are powered down when ENABLE is set LOW.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 9 Current Draw vs. DC Voltage and RF Output Level As shown in the chart, the current draw when the RF output level is set to +27 dBm reaches the limit of 1A when the DC input voltage is below 3.7V. Below the 3.7 VDC input level, the RF level will no longer reach 27 dBm, although no error message will be returned. The input Voltage should be maintained above 3.7V if the RF output power setting is above +25 dBm. 3.5 V is adequate for an RF output power level of +26 dBm, and 3.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 10 Module Output Power vs. Module Voltage The power drawn by the module is constant, rising slightly as the DC Input Voltage is lowered. Once the 1A input current limit is reached, the input power appears to decrease, but this is because the RF output level is no longer reflecting the desired setting. This chart shows these dependencies: www.JADAKtech.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 11 Power Consumption vs. DC Voltage and RF Output Level NOTE: Power consumption is defined for operation into a 17 dB return loss load (VSWR of 1.33) or better. Power consumption may increase, up to 4 W, during operation into return losses worse than 17 dB and high ambient temperatures. Power consumption will also vary based on which of the Supported Regions is in use.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 12 of the module’s circuits, which must be restored when any command is executed, imposing a slight delay. The following table gives the power consumption levels and the delay to respond to a command for each. See Idle DC Power Consumption for details. ThingMagic Nano Power Consumption Operation DC Power Consumed at 5 VDC Time to Respond to a Read Command Power Mode = “FULL” 0.85 W Less than 5 msec. Power Mode = “MINSAVE”, “MEDSAVE”, or “MAXSAVE” 0.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 13 Output Power Accuracy vs. Channel Frequency DC Input Voltage also affects the transmit output level accuracy. The typical variation is less than +/- 0.20 dBm, except at high RF output levels for low DC input voltages, as RF Characteristics have been discussed in the RF Power Output Impact on DC Input Current and Power section. The following chart shows the accuracy of the RF power setting across all supported input DC voltages.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 14 The output accuracy over temperature is typically +/- 0.75 dBm, with most variation occurring at lower transmit output power levels. Output Power Accuracy vs. Temperature Receive Sensitivity The receive sensitivity is influenced by both user-defined settings and by external environmental factors.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 15 Sensitivity for Region and “M” Value Region EU and India (865 to 868 MHz) “M” Value Sensitivity 8 -60 dBm 4 -58 dBm 2 -49 dBm Note that there is no industry standard for the reading success rate a module must achieve to be credited with operating at a specific receive level. The sensitivity values in the table reflect a very high read success rate (greater than 90%).
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 16 ThingMagic Nano module has an integrated temperature sensor, located near the components which generate the most heat. The temperature can be obtained through the user interface as a status indication. This information is also used by the firmware to prevent transmission when the module is too hot or too cold to operate properly. The Operating Temperature limits for allowing transmission are -40°C to +60°C (case temperature).
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 17 Authorized Antennas This device has been designed to operate with the antennas listed below and having a maximum gain of 8.15 dBiL. Antennas not included in this list or having a gain greater than 8.15 dBiL may not be used in some regions without additional regulatory approval. (Circularly polarized antennas can have a circular gain has high as 11.15 dBiC and still maintain a maximum linear gain of 8.15 dBiL.) The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 18 1. Be marketed and sold with the module built inside that does not have to be end-user accessible/ replaceable, or 2. Be end-user plug-and- play replaceable. In addition, a host product is required to comply with all applicable FCC equipment authorizations, regulations, requirements and equipment functions not associated with the RFID module portion.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 19 Module Dimensions Attribute Value Width 22 +/-0.2 mm Length 26 +/-0.2 mm Height (includes PCB, shield, mask and labels) 3.0 maximum Mass 3.2 grams Tape-and-Reel Dimensions The Nano is delivered in a tape-and-reel package. The reel measures 13 inches by 4 inches. The following drawing gives the dimensions of the tape. www.JADAKtech.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 20 Tape Dimensions SMT Reflow Profile Short reflow profiles are recommended for soldering processes. Peak zone temperature should be adjusted high enough to ensure proper wetting and optimized forming of solder joints. www.JADAKtech.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 21 Unnecessary long exposure and exposure to more than 245°C should be avoided. To not overstress the assembly, the complete reflow profile should be as short as possible. An optimization considering all components on the application must be performed. The optimization of a reflow profile is a gradual process. It needs to be performed for every paste, equipment and product combination.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 22 Landing Pad and Heat-Sink Areas Hardware design files are available on the web site for the “carrier board” that implements this layout. ThingMagic Nano module mounts to the host board via the landing pads. These pads are at a pitch of 1.25 mm. The intention is for the ThingMagic Nano module to use routed-through via connections with 0.7 mm diameter edge vias.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 23 There is the potential for 24MHz harmonics radiating from pins 22 through 28 of the ThingMagic Nano. If emissions testing shows such harmonics, the easiest fix is to put bypass capacitors (typically 39 to 100pf) directly at the offending pins on the carrier board. Note that higher values are not necessarily better. The ideal capacitor value will have series resonance near the most offending frequency. 39pF has been good for around 900 MHz in sample board layouts.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 24 Pin Definitions Pin Number Signal Signal Direction with respect to Carrier Board 14 ENABLE Input 15 Unused Notes Internally Pulled high, in ENABLE state, if not connected The UART RX and UART TX lines are buffered on the Nano Carrier Board. This makes the inputs 5V tolerant and increases the output current driving capability from 10 mA to 15 mA. Diodes are also added on all I/O lines to increase the ESD protection.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 25 Carrier Board Schematic www.JADAKtech.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 26 Carrier Board Heat Sinking ThingMagic Nano can run at full RF power at room temperature on stand-offs in the Development Kit. If you wish to test the ThingMagic Nano under extreme temperature conditions, you may want to mount it on the heat spreader that is supplied with the Micro modules for the xPRESS Sensor Hub. Make sure it is assembled as shown in these pictures, so no live signals are shorted to ground.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 27 3 Firmware Overview Boot Loader The boot loader provides module functionality until the module application firmware can start up as well as when the module firmware is in the process of being updated. This program provides the low-level hardware support for configuring communication settings, loading Application Firmware and storing data that needs to be remembered across reboots. When a module is powered up or reset, the boot loader code is automatically loaded and executed.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 28 Custom On-Reader Applications The ThingMagic Nano does not support installing custom applications on the module. All reader configuration and control are performed using the documented MercuryAPI methods in applications running on a host processor. www.JADAKtech.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 29 4 Communication Protocol Serial Communication Protocol ThingMagic does not support bypassing the MercuryAPI to send commands to the ThingMagic Nano module directly, but some information about this interface is useful when troubleshooting and debugging applications which interface with the MercuryAPI. The serial communication between MercuryAPI and ThingMagic Nano is based on a synchronized command-response/master-slave mechanism.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 30 5 Regulatory Support Caution: Please contact rfid-support@jadaktech.com before beginning the process of getting regulatory approval for a finished product using the ThingMagic Nano. We can supply documents, test reports and certifications to the test house, which will greatly accelerate the process. Supported Regions ThingMagic Nano has varied levels of support for operation and use under the laws and guidelines of several regions.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 31 Supported Regions Region Regulatory Support Notes Korea (KR2) KCC (2009) The first frequency channel (917,300kHz) of the KR2 region is de-rated to a maximum level of +22 dBm to meet the regulatory requirements. All other channels operate up to +27dBm. This has little impact on performance. The reader, by default, automatically switches off channels when no tags are found, often in as little as 40 msec.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 32 Support for Five New Regions Support for Vietnam, Thailand, Argentina, Hong Kong and Bangladesh regions has been added on Nano.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 33 Support for Additional Asian regions Additional Asian Regions Supported Region Region Number Region Number Low Channel Boundary High Channel Boundary Min.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 34 closest permitted channel that matches the specified value, which is based on the lower channel limit plus an integer multiple of the quantization value. Each region has a quantization value based on regulatory specifications. The following table provides the channel setting limits for each region setting.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 35 Support for Set/Get Quantization Value and Minimum Frequency The Open region as defined in previous releases was intended for testing only. To permit the most flexibility in defining channels, it allowed a minimum channel step size (quantization) of 25 kHz.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 36 Gen2 Protocol Configuration Options ThingMagic Nano supports limited ISO-18000-6C profiles, with only the Backscatter Link Frequency (BLF) and “M” value as configurable options. The protocol options are set in the MercuryAPI Reader Configuration Parameters (/reader/gen2/*).
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 37 Unsupported Custom Gen2 Functions The ThingMagic Nano module does not support many of the custom commands which are supported in the other module families.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 38 Port Power and Settling Time ThingMagic Nano allows the power and settling time for each logical antenna to be set using the reader configuration parameters /reader/radio/portReadPowerList and /reader/antenna/settlingTimeList, respectively. NOTE: Settling time is the time between the control lines switching to the next antenna setting and RF turning on for operations on that port.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 39 Tag Read Meta Data In addition to the tag EPC ID resulting from ThingMagic Nano inventory operation, each TagReadData (see MercuryAPI for code details) contains meta data about how, where and when the tag was read. The specific meta data available for each tag read is as follows: Tag Read Metadata Metadata Field Description Antenna ID The antenna on with the tag was read.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 40 Power Modes The Power Mode setting (set in /reader/powerMode) allows the user to trade off increased RF operation startup time for additional power savings. “MINSAVE” refers to the minimum amount of power saving applied, which results in a higher idle power level than “MAXSAVE”. The details of the amount of power consumed in each mode is shown in the table under Idle DC Power Consumption. The behavior of each mode and impact on RF command latency is as follows: • PowerMode.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 41 6 Specifications ThingMagic Nano Specifications Ordering Information Module M6E-NANO Development Kit M6E-NANO-DEVKIT Physical Dimensions 22 mm L x 26 mm W x 3.0 mm H (0.87 in L x 1.02 in W x 0.12 in H) Tag Transponder Protocols RFID Protocol Support EPCglobal Gen 2V2 (ISO 18000-63) RF Interface Antenna Connector Single 50 Ω connection (board-edge) RF Power Output Separate read and write levels, command-adjustable from 0 dBm to +27 dBm in 0.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide Specifications subject to change without notice. 42 *Best case with good antenna matching www.JADAKtech.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 43 7 Compliance and IP Notices Communication Regulation Information Contact rfid-support@jadaktech.com before beginning the process of getting regulatory approval for a finished product using the ThingMagic Nano. Federal Communication Commission (FCC) Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 44 If the two conditions above are met, further transmitter testing will not be required. However, the OEM integrator is still responsible for testing their end-product for any additional compliance requirements required with this module installed (for example, digital device emissions, PC peripheral requirements, etc.).
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 45 This radio transmitter (identify the device by certification number, or model number if Category II) has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with the antenna types listed below with the maximum permissible gain and required antenna impedance for each antenna type indicated. Antenna types not included in this list, having a gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for that type, are strictly prohibited for use with this device.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 46 Au but de conformer aux limites d'exposition RF pour la population générale (exposition non-contrôlée), les antennes utilisés doivent être installés à une distance d'au moins 21 cm de toute personne et ne doivent pas être installé en proximité ou utilisé en conjonction avec un autre antenne ou transmetteur.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 47 EU Compliance European Union Declaration of Conformity for M6E-NANO RFID Reader Module Manufacturer: Novanta Corporation Address: 125, Middlesex Turnpike Bedford, MA 01730 M6E-M, M6E-MICRO Object of the declaration: Product Model Numbers: Object description: 865-869 MHz and 902 to 928 MHz Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Reader / Product Description: Interrogator Module. This declaration of conformity is issued under the sole responsibility of the manufacturer.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 48 gain is specified in dBiL, you must subtract 2.15 dB to obtain its gain in dBd units. For circularly polarized antennas, you should use the maximum linear gain in any orientation. If this is unknown, it can be calculated using the antenna’s circular gain and axial ratio. If the axial ratio is unknown, the maximum gain can be approximated by subtracting 3 dB from the circular gain if the beam width in both the horizontal and vertical directions are equal. www.JADAKtech.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 49 Appendix A: Error Messages This appendix discusses error messages that you might see in API transport logs or passed up by the API to the host program. Common Error Messages The following table lists the common faults discussed in this section. Common Fault Errors Message Code Cause Solution FAULT_MSG_WRONG_NUMBER_OF_DATA 100h If the data length in any of the messages is less than or more than the number of arguments in the message, the reader returns this message.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 50 Common Fault Errors (Continued) Message Code Cause Solution FAULT_MSG_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE 105h The reader received a valid command with an unsupported or invalid value within this command. For example, currently the module supports one antenna. If the module receives a message with an antenna value other than 1, it returns this error. Make sure the host sets all the values in a command according to the values published in this document.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 51 Flash Fault Errors Message Code Cause Solution FAULT_FLASH_BAD_ERASE_PASSWORD 300h A command was received to erase some part of the flash but the password supplied with the command was incorrect. FAULT_FLASH_BAD_WRITE_PASSWORD 301h A command was received to write some part of the flash but the password supplied with the command was not correct.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 52 Protocol Fault Errors (Continued) Message Code Cause Solution FAULT_NO_PROTOCOL_DEFINED 401h A command was received to perform a protocol command but no protocol was initially set. The reader powers up with no protocols set. A protocol must be set before the reader can begin RF operations. FAULT_INVALID_PROTOCOL_SPECIFIED 402h The protocol value was set to a protocol that is not supported with the current version of software.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 53 Protocol Fault Errors (Continued) Message Code Cause Solution FAULT_DATA_TOO_LARGE 40Bh A command was received to Read Tag Data with a data value larger than expected or it is not the correct size. Check the size of the data value in the message sent to the reader. FAULT_PROTOCOL_INVALID_KILL_PASSW ORD 40Ch An incorrect kill password was received as part of the Kill command. Check the password.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 54 Protocol Fault Errors (Continued) Message Code Cause Solution FAULT_GEN2 PROTOCOL_UNKNOWN_ERROR 430h This is an error returned by ThingMagic Nano when no more error information is available about why the operation failed. Check the data that is being written and where it is being written to in the command resulting in this error. Try with a different tag.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 55 Tag ID Buffer Fault Errors Message Code Cause Solution FAULT_TAG_ID_BUFFER_NOT_ENOUGH_ TAGS_AVAILABLE 600h A command was received to get a certain number of tag ids from the tag id buffer. The reader contains less tag ids stored in its tag id buffer than the number the host is sending. Send a test case reproducing the behavior to rfidsupport@jadaktech.com. FAULT_TAG_ID_BUFFER_FULL 601h The tag id buffer is full.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 56 Appendix B: Getting Started – Development Kit Development Kit Hardware Components included in the kit: • ThingMagic Nano soldered onto carrier board • Power/interface developer’s board • One USB cable • One antenna • One coax cable • One 9V power supply • International power adapter kit • Sample tags • The Quick Start Guide that details which documents and software to download to get up and running quickly, along with details on how to register for and contac
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 57 Setting Up the Development Kit Warning: Never mount the carrier board so that it is resting flat against the metal plate of the Development Kit main board unless a heat sink has been attached to the bottom of the Carrier Board as shown in this picture: Connecting the Antenna JADAK supplies one antenna that can read tags from 3 meters away with most of the provided tags. The antenna is monostatic. Use the following procedure to connect the antenna to the Development Kit. 1.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 58 ThingMagic Nano does not support a USB port directly, so the “USB” port on the Development Kit is inoperable. A COM port should now be assigned to the ThingMagic Nano. If you aren’t sure what COM port is assigned you can find it using the Windows Device Manager: a. Open the Device Manager (located in Control Panel | System). b. Select the Hardware tab and click Device Manager. c. Select View | Devices by Type | Ports (COM & LPT) The device appears as USB Serial Port (COM#).
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 59 J16 Jump pins 1 and 2 or 2 and 3 to reset development kit power supply. Same as using switch SW1 except allows for control by external circuit. J17 Jump pins 1 and 2 to use the 5V INPUT and GND inputs to provide power. Jump pins 2 and 3 to use the Development Kitʼs DC power jack and power brick power. J19 The jumper at J19 that connects SHUTDOWN to ground must be REMOVED. With this jumper removed, the module is always operational.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 60 Appendix C: Environmental Considerations This appendix details environmental factors that should be considered relating to reader performance and survivability. ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD) Considerations Warning: The ThingMagic Nano antenna port may be susceptible to damage from Electrostatic Discharge (ESD). Equipment failure can result if the antenna or communication ports are subjected to ESD.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 61 Identifying ESD as the Cause of Damaged Readers The following are some suggested methods to determine if ESD has caused reader failures, i.e., ESD diagnostics. Some of these suggestions have the negative result experiment issue. • Return failed units for analysis. Analysis should determine if it is the power amplifier that has failed, but won’t be able to definitively identify that the cause is ESD. However, ESD is one of the more common causes of PA failure.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 62 Raising the ESD Threshold For applications where full ThingMagic Nano power is needed for maximum tag read range and ESD is suspected, the following components are recommended additions to the installation to raise the level of ESD the reader can tolerate: • Select or change to an antenna with all radiating elements grounded for DC. The MTI MT-262031T(L,R)H-A is recommended. The Laird IF900-SF00 and CAF95956 are not recommended.
ThingMagic Nano User Guide 63 • Fluorescent lighting fixtures are a source of strong electromagnetic interference and, if possible, should be replaced. If fluorescent lights cannot be replaced, keep the reader cables and antennas away from them. • Coaxial cables leading from the reader to antennas can be a strong source of electromagnetic radiation. These cables should be laid flat and not coiled.
™ TM_Nano-UG Rev 09172018
