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Manual Passeq, Model 2595 Version 1.0 – 7/2006 Designer: Wolfgang Neumann This user's guide contains a description of the product. It in no way represents a guarantee of particular characteristics or results of use. The information in this document has been carefully compiled and verified and, unless otherwise stated or agreed upon, correctly describes the product at the time of packaging with this document.
Contents Important Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Hook Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Important Safety Information Please note and retain this information. Carefully read and follow all of the safety and operating instructions before you use the machine. Be doubly careful to note and follow the warnings and special safety notices. Connections: Only use the connections as described. Other connections can lead to health risks and equipment damage.
Hook Up Be very careful to check that the rear chassis power selection switch is set to the correct local line voltage position before using the unit (230 V position: 220-240 V, 115 V position: 110-120 V)! When in doubt about a source, contact your dealer or a professional electrician. Before connecting any equipment make sure that any machine to be connected is turned off (rear panel power switch). Follow all safety instructions on page 4. Place the unit on a level and stable surface.
Introduction SPL Passeq—the most powerful passive Equalizer ever made Unique Features • The most powerful passive EQ ever made—72 (!) passive filters per channel in one EQ. • 120 V makeup amplifiers based upon SPL SUPRA-OPs with 150 dB dynamic rage and 200 V/ms slew rate. • Individual coils per filter. • Single core coils, which means that every one is wound individually on its own dedicated core. This excludes sonic degradation from mutual influences while at the same time improving THD values.
Introduction Advantages of Passive Filtering • Typically coil inductance in virtually all active filters is achieved through simulation. True passive coil filters, on the contrary, can only deliver the genuine, characteristic sound associated with inductive components. • Inherent distortion elements of active filters are ruled out by passive filter design.
Introduction 120 Volt Makeup Amplifiers With passive filtering comes an unavoidable drop in signal level that requires makeup amplification, and with the Passeq, here SPL’s extraordinary Supra-OPs, with their unique analog 120-volt technology, come into play. With a 116 dB signal-to-noise ratio and +34 dB of headroom, the SUPRA-OPs offer a stunning 150 dB dynamic range, placing them in an unsurpassed leadership position in either analog or digital signal processing.
Introduction Lundahl Transformers The Swedish firm of Lundahl is recognized world wide for the superior sonic qualities of its hand made transformers. SPL has used Lundahl transformers for many years, typically for optional in- and output stages of various products.
"7*4 3*426& %& $)0$ c-&$53*26& /& 1"4 0673*3 "$ .BJOT *OQVU (/% -*'5 The GND Lift switch separates internal ground from chassis ground to eliminate ground loop humming. Usually the GND lift should be deactivated (switch down). 50 3&%6$& 3*4, 0' '*3& 03 &-&$53*$ 4)0$, %0 /05 &9104& 5)*4 6/*5 50 3"*/ 03 .0*4563& %*4$0//&$5 ."*/4 #&'03& 3&.07*/( $07&3 5)*4 &26*1.&/5 .
Connections Power and Signal Connections Be very careful to check that the rear chassis power selection switch is set to the correct local line voltage position (either 230 or 115 volts) before using the unit! Before connecting any equipment make sure that any machine to be connected is turned off (on the Passeq rear panel the power switch must be pushed down). "$ .
Operation One Coil per Filter, one Core per Coil Each Passeq filter is individually constructed for its intended frequency, that is, each coil, condenser and variable resistor (var. resistor=boost or cut control) ensemble is sonically tuned to its intended frequency range. Thus each filter has its own musically sensible audio color appropriate to its own frequency.
Operation Table: Allocation of Frequencies Cut LF-LMF Cut MF-MHF Cut MHF-HF Boost LF B.
E# LF-LMF Cut and LF Boost $V U ° Operational Elements -' ° - The low cut frequency range extends from 30 Hz to 1.9 kHz and will be referred to in this text as LF-LMF (Low to Low-Mid frequencies ). In contrast, the low boost (LF Boost) band encom passes a range of 10 Hz to 550 Hz. The maximum available increase in this LF boost band is (+)17 dB, while the maximum reduction of the LF-LMF cut band is (-)22 dB. .
Operational Elements .) ' L L L L L L ' Passeq’s high frequency bands have a different layout for the cut and boost ranges: The MHF-HF cut band exhibits a (wide-band) shelving characteristic, while the HF boost band exhibits a variable Q, peak filter characteristic. L L ° ) MHF-HF Cut and HF Boost $V U ° L L E# As seen above, one can also note and intensification in choice of frequencies in the high range.
Recommendations on using Equalizers In the arenas of recording and mixing one can generally distinguish between two main goals in applying EQ: The first is sound correction, or sound design through processing of individual channels while the second may be improving their separation or presence in the mix.
Recommendations on using Equalizers First control levels, then apply EQ Badly adjusted levels often induce us to misuse EQ in misguided efforts to correct them. As soon as one has the feeling that he or she needs more that 6 dB in EQ (boost), one should investigate thoroughly whether or not initial levels have been set properly. First cut, then boost “The ear” is more used to energy reductions in a frequency range, thus boosts attract more attention.
Recommendations on using Equalizers Cutting fundamental levels Cutting fundamental frequencies provides for a perceived increase in harmonics and is therefore an effective alternative to boosting harmonic levels. This is a common practice in Rock/Pop productions that can be effective in all musical recording genre. An example: Bass, Reduction at 40 Hz: may limit boominess and increase presence. Guitar, Reduction at 100 Hz: may limit boominess and increase clarity.
Recommendations on using Equalizers An overview of frequencies and examples for possible processing (Here we provide approximate values which may expand to adjacent areas) 50 Hz – cut: 50 Hz – boost: 100 Hz - cut: 100 Hz – boost: 200 Hz – cut: Reduces boominess in all lower instruments (basses, kick drums, toms) whose function also implicitly increases the relative level of harmonics and improves the presence of bass lines. Fuller sonic qualities for all lower frequency instruments.
Recommendations on using Equalizers Classical instruments and their frequencies A symphony orchestra presents a kind of ideal paradigm of a balanced, wide-spectrum instrumental sound canvas. It is therefore only sensible to consider its sound as an orientation point also for other musical genres—it will definitely not harm a Rock or Pop production to employ such an orientation to achieve a comparable balance and proper distribution of mix elements in the latter.
The Basics of Frequency Filtering Frequency and Energy In general, a frequency prescribes a number of events in a time interval. The per-second cycle of a wave form is given in Hertz (Hz). Lower tones produce longer waves and higher, waves of shorter length, and the higher the frequency, the higher the tone. The higher the amplitude of a wave, the higher its energy level and in turn, the louder it is perceived. Tone and Sound In the area of music, a sound event is referred to as a tone.
The Basics of Frequency Filtering Frequency Filters As a rule almost everyone of us has first made an aquaintance with frequency filtering through our listening to home stereos. Such elementary kinds of filters are simple amplitude-based filters: When one turns a bass control clockwise, one hears a general or overall increase in bass frequency energy.
The Basics of Frequency Filtering Equalizer In our context here, an EQ is in effect a network of frequency filters which changes its output characteristics depending on frequencies. The common recording studio concept for sound shaping or correction is the amplitude-based EQ. But owing to the large number of filter combinations, there are practically too many existing formulations of this design concept to count.
The Basics of Frequency Filtering Active EQs The filters of an active network require external power which allows for an integration of amplifying elements that allow for both boost and cut functions. Active EQs dominate the market, and perhaps a good part of this is due to their user friendly capacity to combine both boost and cut features into single controls. A very good active filter designs can often offer very responsive characteristics with relatively little signal coloration or alteration.
Power Supply The power supply was carefully engineered to provide clean and consistent currenttttan important prerequisite for excellent audio. Built around a toroidal transformer, the power supply generates a minimal electromagnetic field with no hum or mechanical noise. The output side is filtered by an RC circuit to extract noise and hums inherent in commercial AC power. "$ .BJOT *OQVU All audio-related components are fed by two separate voltage regulators to minimize disturbance from other components.
Guarantee & Product Registration All SPL products come with a two-year manufacturer’s guarantee against defects in material or assembly from the date of purchase. Tubes have a guarantee of three months. End users are supported in the two-year guarantee through their distributor. In such cases, please contact your dealer for full guarantee conditions and service. Direct SPL product support requires product registration.
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