User Manual

472 | APPENDIX B
Rendering
The process by which Vegas Pro software saves the project to a specific file format like AVI or WMA.
Resample
The act of recalculating samples in a sound file at a different rate than the file was originally recorded. If an audio file is resampled at
a lower rate, Vegas Pro software decreases sample points. As a result, the file size and the frequency range are reduced. When
resampling to a higher sample rate, Vegas Pro software interpolates extra sample points in the sound file. This increases the size of
the sound file but does not increase the quality. When down-sampling, one must be aware of aliasing (see Aliasing). Vegas Pro
software automatically resamples all audio to the project’s sample rate.
Ripple; Ripple Editing
A type of editing where events are moved out of the way to make room for newly inserted events as opposed to simply being
overwritten. When a one minute event is ripple inserted into a project, the duration of a project lengthens by one minute. If ripple
editing is turned off, the same operation would not affect the overall duration of the project.
Roll
Originally, a conventional studio typically had two source decks that were used to play back video to a final destination or output
deck. These two source decks were commonly referred to as the A and B rolls. In Vegas Pro software, a video track can be configured
to display an A and a B roll, which appear as sub-tracks. The concept is extended further in Vegas Pro software to include a transition
roll between the A and B rolls.
For more information, see Understanding track layers on page 328.
Ruler
The ruler is the area above the tracks that shows the horizontal axis units.
Sample
The word sample is used in many different (and often confusing) ways when talking about digital sound. Here are some of the
different meanings:
• A discrete point in time which a sound signal is divided into when digitizing. For example, an audio CD-ROM contains 44,100
samples per second. Each sample is really only a number that contains the amplitude value of a waveform measured over time.
• A sound that has been recorded in a digital format; used by musicians who make short recordings of musical instruments to be
used for composition and performance of music or sound effects. These recordings are called samples. In this manual, we try to
use sound file instead of sample whenever referring to a digital recording.
• The act of recording sound digitally (that is, to sample an instrument) means to digitize and store it.
Sample Rate
The sample rate (also referred to as the sampling rate or sampling frequency) is the number of samples per second used to store a
sound. High sample rates, such as 44,100 Hz provide higher fidelity than lower sample rates, such as 11,025 Hz. However, more
storage space is required when using higher sample rates. Sampling rate is to time as quantization is to level.
Sample Size
See Bit Depth on page 465.
Sample Value
The sample value (also referred to as sample amplitude) is the number stored by a single sample. In 16-bit audio, these values range
from -32768 to 32767. In 8-bit audio, they range from -128 to 127. The maximum allowed sample value is often referred to as 100%
or 0
dB.