UserGuide LANEXPERT TM Inline Gigabit Network Analyzer Tips for viewing PDFs: To use thumbnails, click the Thumbnail tab, and double-click on the page number you want to view (The page will appear on the right side of your screen.) To print, specify a range of pages in the Acrobat Print dialog box, or specify non-contiguous pages or a particular page before opening the dialog box. Click the Print button or choose File>Print. This User guide is for the models LANEXPERT™ 80 and LANEXPERT™ 85.
ii Copyright This guide is copyrighted by Psiber Data Systems Inc. with all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this guide cannot be reproduced in any form without the prior written permission of Psiber Data Systems Inc. No patent liability is assumed, however, with respect to the use of the information contained herein. © 2008-2011 by Psiber Data Systems Inc. All rights reserved.
iii Table of Contents Introduction Chapter 1 Chapter 2 vix Finding Your Way Around 1-1 Make Sure You Have Everthing 1-1 Front Port View 1-2 Rear Port View 1-3 Display View 1-4 Getting Started 2-1 Preparing the Unit 2-1 Initial Startup of Analyzer 2-2 Connecting AC Adapter 2-2 Charging the Battery 2-3 Using the Analyzer for First Time 2-4 Power On 2-4 Setting Time and Date 2-5 Setting Power Options 2-6 Setting Illumination Options 2-6 Status Indicators 2-7 Navigating the
Table of Contents Chapter 3 iv Setup 3-1 Navigating to Setup Screens 3-1 Select Profile 3-2 Profile Name 3-3 Ports 3-4 Ports Configuration 3-4 Link As 3-5 Speed/Duplex 3-5 Transmit 3-6 Tag 3-6 MAC 3-7 IP Address 3-8 Link Search Timeout 3-9 Link Lost Timeout 3-9 EXT Server Timeout 3-9 Protocols 3-10 Ephemeral Ports 3-10 User Defined 3-10 Ping/Trace 3-11 Repeat 3-11 Max Rate 3-11 Payload 3-11 Timeout 3-12
Table of Contents v Ping Targets 3-12 Gateway 3-12 DHCP Server 3-12 IP Range 3-13 Ping List Entries 1 to 16 3-13 Discover 3-14 Traffic Generation 3-15 Duration 3-15 Size 3-15 Rate 3-16 Sink IP 3-16 Check Sum 3-16 Stress Test 3-17 Remote IP 3-17 Frame Size 3-17 Max Bit Rate 3-17 Max Frame Rate 3-17 Inter-test Delay 3-17 Accuracy 3-18 Throughput 3-18 Latency 3-18 Frame Loss 3-19 Back to Back 3-19
Table of Contents vi Capture 3-20 Capture Source MAC 3-20 Capture Destination MAC 3-20 Capture Frame Type 3-21 Capture VLAN Frames 3-21 Capture Primary Protocols 3-22 Capture Source IP 3-23 Capture Destination IP 3-23 Capture IP Protocols 3-23 Capture UDP/TCP Ports 3-24 Security Chapter 4 3-25 Account Access 3-25 Admin Account 3-27 User Account 3-28 Secure Erase 3-29 Colors 3-30 Build Info 3-31 Select Language 3-31 Analyze the Network 4-1 Prepare to Use the Analyzer 4
vii Table of Contents Chapter 5 Port Info 4-4 Expert 4-6 Vitals 4-10 Good Frames 4-11 Good Bytes 4-11 Bad Frames 4-11 Protocols 4-12 Top Talkers 4-14 Devices 4-15 Ping/Trace 4-16 Tracert 4-16 Traffic Generate 4-17 802.
Table of Contents Chapter 6 Chapter 7 viii Back-to-Back 5-9 Basic Storage 5-10 Cable Test (LE80 ONLY) 6-1 Port Identification 6-2 Tone 6-2 Length 6-3 Wiremap 6-4 PoE 6-5 Loopback Setup Loopback Mode Chapter 8 Recall Saved Data 7-1 7-2 8-1 Recall Internal Data 8-2 Recall External Data 8-3 Chapter 9 Technical Support 9-1 Chapter 10 Update Firmware 10-1 Install Console Application 10-2 Firmware Update Instructions 10-3 Appendix A Connecting the Analyzer A-1 Appendix B
vix Introduction The LANEXPERT Inline Gigabit Network Analyzer is a handheld network tool that features protocol analysis, packet capture, traffic generation, cable testing and IPv4/IPv6 support. The LANEXPERT utilizes a color touch screen interface to access one of the most complete suites of test and analysis functions available in a portable test tool.
Introduction Other Documentation x Other Documentation In addition to this user’s guide, the LANEXPERT comes with the following documentation: A Quick Start Guide which explains the basics to get started analyzing networks quickly. Electronic help and definition pages built into every screen displayed on the LANEXPERT. Update help and information available at our web site. Warranty/Service option Psiber Data Systems Inc.
Chapter 1
Finding Your Way Around This chapter presents a tour of the Network Analyzer and serves as a reference to locate specific parts of the analyzer. Make Sure You Have Everything This section lists all items to be included with the LANEXPERT™ Network Analyzer.
1-2 Find Your Way Around Front Port View Front Port View 10/100/1000BaseT 10/100/ 1000 BaseT Port Port with Cable (Port 1) Test mode (LE80) (Port 2) Port 1 is a 10/100/1000BaseT RJ-45 Port. Port 2 is a 10/100/1000BaseT RJ-45 Port with Cable Test modes (LE80). For more information on the Cable test performed by the LANEXPERT 80 go to chapter 6, page 6-1. Both ports can be used simultaneously when running Inline, Independent and Stress Test modes.
1-3 Find Your Way Around Rear Port View Rear Port View External Power USB A Port USB B Port Use the External Power jack to plug in the AC adapter. For more information, see Connecting the AC adapter in Chapter 2 page 2-2. The USB A Port is used to plug in the Flash Drive to save data externally. The USB B Port will connect the LANEXPERT to your computer. This feature is for future use.
1-4 Find Your Way Around Display View Display View Status Indicators Display / Touchscreen Area Power Button The Status indicators provide information about various functions of the analyzer. For more information, see Status Indicators (LEDs) in Chapter 2 on page 2-6. The Display/Touchscreen area is the interface for the LANEXPERT. For more information see Navigating the Screen in Chapter 2 on page 2-7. The Power button turns the LANEXPERT on and off.
Chapter 2
Getting Started This chapter describes how to connect the LANEXPERT to other devices and how to operate the Network Analyzer. Preparing the Unit The LANEXPERT Network Analyzer is portable and designed to be used in a variety of circumstances and locations. The analyzer can be handheld or placed on a surface large enough for stable use. The analyzer has an optional wrist strap to securely tether the unit to the wrist to avoid dropping.
2-2 Getting Started Precautions Precautions Your LANEXPERT Network Analyzer is designed to withstand the rigors of everyday use and travel. However, you should observe certain precautions to further reduce the risk of personal injury or damage to the analyzer. Never apply heavy pressure to the analyzer, especially on or around the display area. Avoid sharp impacts to the analyzer. Excessive pressure or impact can damage components or otherwise cause the analyzer to malfunction.
2-3 Getting Started Charging the Battery AC adapter and power cable To connect AC power to analyzer: Connect the power cable to the AC adapter. Plug the AC adapter into the analyzer’s External Power jack. Connect the power cable to a live AC outlet. DANGER: To avoid electric shock, never modify, forcibly bend, damage, apply heat to or place heavy objects on top of power cord. If power cable becomes damaged or plug overheats, discontinue use. Never remove the power plug from the outlet with wet hands.
2-4 Getting Started Using the Analyzer for the First Time Using the Analyzer for the First Time Power on Turn on the LANEXPERT by pressing the power button until the screen lights up, then release the button. The unit displays the welcome screen for approximately 3 seconds. The firmware versionis shown on this screen. If Security is enabled, then a Username and Password must be entered before the HOME screen can be displayed.
2-5 Getting Started Using the Analyzer for the First Time Using the Analyzer for the First Time Setting time and date Initially the analyzer comes from the factory without the time and date set. There will be red dashes in place of the numbers. Red Dashes Click on dashes or displayed time to access TIME/DATE screen. Select the time format for use as either 12hr or 24hr. Select the date format for use as DD/MM/YY, MM/DD/YY or YY/MM/DD.
2-6 Getting Started Using the Analyzer for the First Time - Setting Power Options Setting power options Select the Battery Symbol in the top right of the screen. The POWER screen displays power timing options and illumination settings. Power Screen There are three options for BATTERY power off times; Default (Factory Set), Other and Stay On. Select an option by clicking the box to the left of the name. The option is selected when the box is filled.
2-7 Getting Started Status Indicators Status Indicators Status Indicators From left to right, the indicators are Power, Port 1, Port 2, and Activity. Power - shows battery and external power status. Green - Battery has more than 25% charge. Red - Battery has less than 25% charge. Orange - External power connected. Port 1 and Port 2 - shows the status of each port when it is connected. Green - connected at 1 Gbit Orange - connected at 100Mbit Red - connected at 10Mbit Flashing Red - trying to link.
2-8 Getting Started Navigating the Screen Navigating the Screen The LanExpert’s touch screen display has five distinct areas. The layout for all screens is the same except for the home screen. Top Area displays (from left to right) Mode Identifier Graphic, Screen Title, Time, Battery, Help and Exit buttons. Bottom Area consists of a left scroll button, three graphical icon buttons and a right scroll button. Data Area is the main portion of the screen between the top area and the bottom area.
2-9 Getting Started Navigating the Screen - Active Buttons Active Buttons Help Select the Question Mark button next to the Battery Symbol. This screen displays helpful information for the specific screen being used. Information could be definitions, step-by-step instructions or other useful information. Select the Exit button to return to the previous screen. Exit Select the Exit button at the far right in the Top Area. By pressing this button, the LanExpert reverts back to the previous screen.
Chapter 3
Setup This chapter describes how to configure the LANEXPERT using the setup screens. Navigating to Setup Screens Select the SETUP button from the HOME screen. The available configurable categories are displayed at the bottom of the screen. Use the left and right scroll arrows to select a different category. When completed with any setup configuration, select the EXIT button to return to the previous screen or Home screen.
3-2 Setup Select Profile Select Profile SELECT PROFILE shows a listing of all the profile names. There are 49 changeable profiles and one factory default. The factory default profile cannot be changed. Select a profile by clicking on the box to the left. This will enable the stored parameters to be used for testing. Select Profile Screen NOTE: Select another Setup button visible on the screen or by scrolling to the right or left with the white arrows or select the Exit button.
3-3 Setup Profile Name Profile Name PROFILE NAME button changes the name of the SELECTED profile (indicated by a filled white box). A screen with an alphanumeric keyboard will appear. Select CLEAR to remove the currently displayed name. Choose any name with up to 16 characters. If there are more than 16 characters detected, an error screen will indicate “too many characters”. Select CLEAR and re-enter a new profile name.
3-4 Setup Ports Ports To edit or view the parameters for the SELECTED profile, select the button called PORTS. Single Mode Inline Mode Port Configuration PORT CONFIGURATION has three modes the unit can be set to: SINGLE, INLINE or INDEP (INDEPENDENT). See Configurations in Apendix A, page A-1 for more details on how to connect the LANEXPERT. SINGLE mode connects one port on the LanExpert straight into a hub, switch or network device. SINGLE mode can be plugged into either Port 1 or Port 2.
3-5 Setup Ports - Link As NOTE: If INDEPENDENT mode is selected, Port 1 parameters will be configured first. Port 2 parameters will then be available. The parameters will be port identified for clarity. Link As LINK AS parameter determines whether the LANEXPERT is going to connect as an Auto MDI-X, Auto + Detect, LAN or NIC device on the network. Auto MDI-X will auto crossover the port (LAN or NIC). It will link at the first compatible mode to provide faster testing.
3-6 Setup Ports - Transmit Transmit TRANSMIT parameter displays how the LanExpert communicates with the user’s network, i.e. DISABLED, RFC894, LLC/SNAP or VLAN. Ports Setup Screen II DISABLE turns off all packet generation for non-intrusive testing. No IP address is required for this configuration. RFC894 enables packet transmission. This protocol is the most common standard using IP datagrams. LLC/SNAP enables packet transmission. It is a legacy standard using IEEE 802.2 frames.
3-7 Setup Ports - MAC Transmit - cont. MTU is used to set the size (in bytes) of the largest frame that a given layer of a communications protocol can process. A higher MTU brings higher bandwidth efficiency. Not all network devices can process large packets which can reduce network performance. Select the parameter button next to MTU. A numerical keyboard screen will be displayed. Valid entries are 100 to1518. If a nonvalid entry is chosen, an error message will appear indicating the error.
3-8 Setup Ports - IP Addess IP Address IP ADDRESS parameters allow selection of Ipv4 and FIXED or DHCP. This must match the network to which the LANEXPERT is being connected. Ports Setup Screen III Fixed Ports Setup Screen III DHCP Ipv4 - is a protocol type to be used for all transmitted packets used by traffic generation, PING, DHCP and other tests. FIXED allows the IP, Subnet, Gateway, WINS, DNS1, DNS2 and DNS3 fields to be available to change.
Setup Ports - Port Flow Control 3-9 Link Search Timeout LINK SEARCH TIMEOUT allows the user to select either 5s (factory default) or Other. Link Search Timeout is the time it takes, in seconds, for the LANEXPERT to acquire a link before it determines there is no link. Select the Other button then select the Time button to the right to change the parameter. This will display a numerical keyboard screen. Valid entries are 1 to 99. After entering a valid time, select ENTER to return to the PORTS parameters.
3-10 Setup Protocols Protocols To edit or view the parameters for the SELECTED profile, select the PROTOCOLS button. Protocols Screen Ephemeral Ports EPHEMERAL PORTS are temporary ports that are used by clients to communicate with a server. These temporary ports within the defined range are disregarded by the LANEXPERT. Select either of the numbered buttons to change the range of ephemeral ports. This will display a numerical keyboard. Valid entries are 0 to 65535.
3-11 Setup Ping / Trace Ping/Trace To edit or view the parameters for the SELECTED profile, select the PING/TRACE button. Ping /Trace Screen I Repeat REPEAT determines the number of times to ping a device. Ping is a network tool used to test whether a particular host is reachable across an IP network. There are three options; Once, Count or Continuous. Select the Count button then select the number field to the right to change the parameter. This will display a numerical keyboard screen.
3-12 Setup Ping / Trace - Timeout Timeout TIMEOUT is the amount of time the LANEXPERT waits before a ping response returns. There are two options, Default or Other. Default is 10s (factory default). Other is a user-defined time in seconds. Select the time field to display a numerical keyboard. A valid entry is 1 to 99. After entering a valid number, select ENTER to return to the PING/TRACE parameters screen. NOTE: Press the DOWN arrow on the right of the screen to scroll to the next page of parameters.
Setup Ping / Trace - IP Range 3-13 IP Range IP RANGE allows for the pinging of a user defined range of IP Addresses. Select the EDIT Field to display a numerical keyboard. Select the box to change the IP range. After entering the desired range, select ENTER to return to the PING/TRACE parameters. Ping List Entries 1 to 16 PING LIST ENTRIES 1 to 16 are user defined. Select any of the numbered choices to edit. Select the EDIT field to go the Ping List Entry parameter screen.
3-14 Setup Discover Discover To edit or view the parameters for the SELECTED profile, select the DISCOVER button. Discover Screen Discover sends out an ARP, NETBIOS and DNS request that actively searches for network devices on a network. When performing the Discover action and the ARP checkbox is selected, the LANEXPERT sends ARPs to the entire range of the configured subnet (or the class C subnet if the LANEXPERT‘s subnet is wider than the configured subnet).
3-15 Setup Traffic Generation Traffic Generation To edit or view the parameters for the SELECTED profile, select the TRAFFIC GENERATION button or go to ANALYZE NETWORK to TRAFFIC GENERATION and select SETUP. Traffic Generation Screen WARNING: The LANEXPERT is a high performance tester and can generate a high amount of traffic very quickly. This can take down any network. Psiber is not liable for this action.
Setup Traffic Generation - Rate 3-16 Rate RATE is how fast the stream of frames is being generated by the LANEXPERT . To change the Rate of the frames, select the editable field button next to the word FRAMES/S. This will display a numerical keyboard to change how fast each frame is generated in kilo frames or frames per second. A valid entry is 0 to 9999 and 0 to 1999K. After entering a valid number, select ENTER to return to the TRAFFIC GENERATION parameters screen.
3-17 Setup Stress Test Stress Test To edit or view the parameters for the SELECTED profile, select the STRESS TEST button. Stress test Screen Remote IP Select the IP address button to enter or change the IP address. The IP address of the second port or another LanExpert must be entered as the destination for the transmitted test packets. Frame Size Select from one to seven of the standard frame sizes. These frame sizes are generated by the LanExpert to test the network.
3-18 Setup Stress Test - Accuracy Accuracy Select one box for both throughput and back-to-back to measure the accuracy. The lower the number the faster the test. Stress test Screen Throughput SEARCH is the test time for each test while searching for the maximum error-free throughput. VALIDATE is the validation test time for the final error-free throughput validation and all latency tests. Latency TIME sets the wait time at the end of every test before checking the results.
3-19 Setup Stress Test - Frame Loss Frame Loss STEP size lowers the frame loss rate percentage. The Source sends traffic at maximum line rate (100%) and then measures if the network dropped any frames. If frames are dropped, the values are recorded, and the test will restart at the next step size down. This test is repeated until there is no frame loss for three consecutive iterations. TIME sets the maximum number of frames which can be sent.
3-20 Setup Capture Capture To edit or view the parameters for the SELECTED profile, select the CAPTURE button. Capture Screen I CAPTURE allows the user to define a filter to capture a certain frame type. The LANEXPERT can capture 1000 packets. Once the LANEXPERT reaches 1000 packets, it can STOP capturing or CONTINUE. If CONTINUE is selected, the first packets captured will be the first packets sent out. Select to capture on one or both ports.
3-21 Setup Capture - Frame Types Capture frame types CAPTURE FRAME TYPES allows for the selection of one or a combination for frame types detected. Select RFC894, STP, LLC and/or LLC/SNAP. Capture Screen 2 Capture VLAN frames CAPTURE VLAN FRAMES allows for the selection of one or a combination of VLAN options. Select NON-VLAN, ANY and/or a specific VLAN tag. Next to VLAN, the user can select or change the TAG number. A numerical keyboard screen is displayed. Valid entries are 0 to 4095.
3-22 Setup Capture - Primary Protocols Capture Primary Protocols CAPTURE PRIMARY PROTOCOLS allows for the selection of either one or a combination of protocols to be detected. Use the list below to select certain protocols or select the ANY button to search all protocols. If there are none, there will be no more parameters to select. Capture Screen 3 NOTE: Press the DOWN arrow on the right of the screen to scroll to the next page of parameters.
3-23 Setup Capture - Source IP Capture Source IP CAPTURE SOURCE IP allows for the selection to capture from ANY source IP address or a single user-defined source IP address. Select the address button to go to a numerical keyboard screen to enter a source IP address. If a non-valid entry is chosen, an error message will appear. The screen will then revert back to the keyboard to re-enter a valid number. The CLEAR button removes the incorrect digits from the display before entering a new address.
3-24 Setup Capture - UDP / TCP ports Capture UDP/TCP ports CAPTURE UDP/TCP PORTS allows for the selection to capture ERRORS, ANY PORT and/or a user-defined port number. Select to capture UDP and/ or TCP packets. Select the port number button to go to a numerical keyboard screen to enter a port number. If a non-valid entry is chosen, error message will appear. The screen will then revert back to the keyboard to re-enter a valid number.
3-25 Setup Security Security To securely lock features for different users, select SECURITY. Security Home Screen Security Access Screen Account Access This screen is used to set up a username and password for an administrator and up to three users. Select the ACCESS button.
3-26 Setup Security Account Access Security Access Screen All of the VIEW settings are designed to prohibit an unauthorized user from viewing potentially secure data (phone numbers, email addresses, device names etc.) – check the box to enable each function. · VoIP DATA – the user can START/STOP/CLEAR VoIP data collection, and can save the results of the collection as part of the detector database. · EMAIL DATA – similar to VoIP DATA but affects the EMAIL screen.
3-27 Setup Security Admin Account Admin Account Screen Admin Account Screen Select SETUP next to Admin to create a username and password by using the keyboard. The ADMIN account can enable/disable and set the abilities of the user accounts and only the ADMIN account can perform a total SDcard secure erase. · If both the username and password of the ADMIN account is blank then security is turned off and no logon is required. · Any user account username and/or password can be blank.
3-28 Setup Security User Account Admin Account Accepted Screen User #1 Name and Password Screen Select EDIT next to User 1 to 3 to enter a username and password by using the keyboard. This is done by the Admin to allow access for 3 different user. · Any user account username and/or password can be blank. · Any username or password can be the same as another account‘s username – the username/password pairing determines the user level.
3-29 Setup Security Secure Erase Admin Account Accepted Screen User #1 Name and Password Screen Under Admin Account, allow the Admin to Erase profiles, saved data or the entier memory. Select the START button next to either ALL PROFILES or ALL SAVED DATA. A message stating “this function cannot be undone“ appears. Select CONFIRM to confirm the requested secure erase. Once selected the LanExpert returns to the Security Home screen and the respective START button is now CONFIRM.
3-30 Setup Colors Colors To edit or view the parameter, select the COLORS button. . Colors Screen This screen will change the colors on the display of the Top Area, Middle Area, Bottom Area and Keys. Select the boxes of the desired colors. Colors will automatically update to preview the selections. NOTE: Select another Setup button visible on the screen or by scrolling to the right or left with the white arrows or select the Exit button.
Setup Build Info and Select Language 3-31 Build Info BUILD INFO will display Firmware version, Hardware version, Port 1 and Port 2 MAC addresses as well as the Serial Number. NOTE: Select another Setup button visible on the screen or by scrolling to the right or left with the white arrows or select the Exit button. Select Language SELECT LANGUAGE will display the various languages that the LANEXPERT supports. Select the desired language for the screens to be represented in that language.
Chapter 4
Analyze Network This chapter will explain the screens presented for using the LANEXPERT to analyze the device under test (i.e. PC, network device). Home Screen LE80 Home Screen LE85 Preparing to Use the Analyzer Before selecting the ANALYZE NETWORK button on the HOME screen, determine how the LANEXPERT is to be connected to the device being tested (i.e. PC, netwok device, etc.). This will be based on how the analyzer was set up in the Ports Configuration section of the setup.
4-2 Analyze Network Selecting the Test Mode Selecting the Test Mode Select the ANALYZE NETWORK button with the stylus on the HOME screen. Notice that both Status Port LEDs are blinking red until a link is established on the connected ports. For detailed information on the LEDs, see Status Indicator section page 2-6. Link The first screen that appears is the LINK Screen. This screen will display the partner’s capabilities and actual link status.
4-3 Analyze Network Signals Signals Polarity (normal or reversed) is shown for 10/100BaseT links. Master or slave status is shown for gigabit links. Gigabit links require one end to be the master and the other to be a slave. Relink In the Data Action Buttons area, pressing RELINK will force a reestablishment of the link partner; note that this also clears all the data collected.
4-4 Analyze Network Selecting the Test Mode Port Info Select the PORT INFO button in the Bottom Area. The PORT INFO Screen decodes LLDP and CDP frames which are shown on the screen in the order they were received.
4-5 Analyze Network Selecting the Test Mode LLDP/CDP/FDP Frames Decoded Type 4 TLVs – Displays “Type 4 – Capabilities” Displays “VALUE: “ followed by the capabilities value Type 5 TLVs – Displays “Type 5 – Version” Displays “LENGTH:“ followed by the actual string length (Displays up to 25 characters of the string in the TLV) Type 6 TLVs – Displays “Type 6 – Platform” Displays “LENGTH: “ followed by the actual string length (Displays up to 25 characters of the string in the TLV) Type 7 TLVs – Displays “Typ
4-6 Analyze Network Problems Expert Select the EXPERT button in the Bottom Area. The Problems Screen displays any problems the analyzer detects. The LANEXPERT can display up to 50 different problems. One page will include the problem number, the problem detected and the recommendation on how to solve the problem. A message is displayed until a problem occurs. Clear Select Clear in the data action buttons to clear the problems found.
4-7 Analyze Network Problems - cont. (7) Detected Pause frames when using half duplex Recommendations Check for device not configured for half duplex. Check operation of device bridging full to half duplex. Use full duplex throughout network. (8) High volume of Pause frames (Type of traffic) Recommendations Use faster devices. Split the link into separate segments. (9) High volume (Type) of traffic from (address) Recommendations Check the device for unexpected activity.
4-8 Analyze Network Problems - cont. (17) Detected (#) frame alignment errors Usually caused by a faulty device. Can be caused by improper half duplex operation. Recommendations Check all devices within the network. (18) Detected (#) undersize frames (runts) Usually caused by a faulty device. Can be caused by improper half duplex operation. Recommendations Use faster devices. Check all devices within the network. (19) Detected (#) oversize frames Usually caused by a faulty device.
4-9 Analyze Network Problems - cont. (25) Detected (#) TCP Header errors from (address) Recommendations Check switches and routers between the LanExpert and the device. Replace the device. (26) Detected (#) ICMP Header errors from (address) Recommendations Check switches and routers between the LanExpert and the device. Replace the device. (27) Detected (#) ICMP Unreachable frames Recommendations Check switches and routers between the LanExpert and the device. Replace the device.
4-10 Analyze Network Vitals Vitals Select the VITALS button in the Bottom Area. The VITALS screen displays Frame information in a List or Bar chart format. While in the List screen, it displays how long the link has been connected (Elapsed Time) and time it has unlinked (Time Unlinked) both in milliseconds. It also displays the Maximum Frame Size received. This screen breaksdown the individual frames collected into good and bad frames.
4-11 Analyze Network Vitals - Good Frames Total The TOTAL button in the Data Action Area is used to change how the information is presented. The amount of Frames, Good and Bad frames and Good Bytes collected will be presented in the time frame selected. This function works in both the List and Chart mode. The choices below are how the information can be presented: avg/s - shows the average of frames and bytes collected per second. /1s - shows frames and bytes that were collected within the last second.
4-12 Analyze Network Protocols Protocols Select the PROTOCOLS button in the Bottom Area. The protocols screen shows the number of packets and percentage of the total captured data for each protocol. A protocol is added to the protocol list as it is detected. The protocols at the Ethernet Frame level (i.e. RFC894, IEEE 802.2/3, LLC, LCC+Snap, VLAN, etc.) and Ethernet type level (i.e. ARP, IP, IPX, AppleTalk, NetBIOS, IPv6, etc) are displayed first when detected.
4-13 Analyze Network Protocols - cont. Clear Select CLEAR in the data action buttons to clear all the detected protocols. List/Chart Select LIST in the Data Action buttons. This will display the percentage of each protocol in a bar chart format. These colored bars show the percentage of the each protocol received. Each bar is logarithmically set in length and is horizontal (there are 0.1%, 1%, 10%, 100% markers shown in the first line of the data area which cannot be changed).
4-14 Analyze Network Top Talkers Top Talkers Select the TOP TALKERS button in the Bottom Area. This displays the MAC address (if found), Registered owner of that MAC address, IP address, name (if found), the number and percentage of transmitted frames on the network. The LANEXPERT lists the devices in order from the highest used bandwidth to the lowest. Bandwidth usage Over 50% is displayed in RED. Between 49.9% to 20% is displayed in ORANGE 19.
4-15 Analyze Network Devices Devices Select the DEVICES button in the Bottom Area. All devices found by the LANEXPERT will be displayed. NOTE: This may not be the complete list of devices on the network. The first layer of devices are SERVERS, VoIP DEVICES, ROUTERS, PRINTERS, and OTHERS. Select the outlined white box next to the SERVERS names to drill down to see which servers were found. Under SERVERS, there may be DHCP, POP3, HTTP, DNS, VoIP/SIP, etc.
4-16 Analyze Network Ping / Trace Ping/Trace Select the PING/TRACE button in the Bottom Area. The PING test is used to verify connectivity, measure round trip communication time, check data integrity, determine a MAC address and search a stored list or a range of IP addresses. Select START in the data action buttons to start Pinging with the selected profile parameters. Select STOP in the data action buttons to stop Pinging if using continuous ping.
4-17 Analyze Network Traffic Generate Traffic Generate Select the TRAFFIC GENERATE button in the Bottom Area. The Traffic Generate Screen displays first the Remote IP address to where the frames are sent. Then it displays the size of the packets being sent with how many Transmitted and Received frames. If there are any lost packets then the LANEXPERT displays then number of frames lost with the percentage.
4-18 Analyze Network Traffic Generate Traffic Generate Traffic generate relies upon getting data back from the remote end when using LOCAL->REMOTE direction, and relies upon control frames in both directions when using REMOTE->LOCAL direction. This means that neither can quite reach 100% utilization if either: a) the connection is using half duplex b) using the REMOTE->LOCAL direction. NOTE: Performing high % utilization traffic generate when using DHCP has no time left to negotiate a lease renewal.
4-19 Analyze Network 802.1X 802.1X The 802.1X screen displays a filtered capture of packets detected by the LanExpert. Select START to start the test and watch the actual frame detected from the LanExpert. Select STOP to stop the capture. The LanExpert detects and saves the last received 64 802.1X frames received. If configured in INDEP mode only 802.1X traffic on port #1 is collected. For each captured frame the following is displayed on the 802.
4-20 Analyze Network Email Email Select the EMAIL button in the Bottom Area. Example Email Screen Example Email Screen 2 For the best EMAIL information, set the LanExpert to inline mode between the computer sending out the emails and the network. This screen displays the device IP address that receives an email and the IP address of the email server used (POP3). The LANEXPERT displays the email address or the username of the current email session and how many attempts were made to log-in.
4-21 Analyze Network VoIP VoIP Select the VoIP button in the Bottom Area. VoIP uses three different protocols. Detected phone lines could also be video links or data links. SIP is used for - the VoIP device/line combination registers with the SIP server at intervals (usually every few minutes). In this way, the location and status of the device/line is maintained with the VoIP provider. This authenticates the device/line also.
4-22 Analyze Network VoIP VoIP example Example VoIP Screen 1 Line LINE shows the and SIP for the line. Some devices might not have a , in which case there is only one line of text shown. This identifies the actual line (i.e. phone line). Device DEVICE shows the MAC address of the device and IP address:UDP port used by the device for SIP purposes. Registration REGISTRATION shows a count of the attempted and successful registrations of the device/line with the server.
4-23 Analyze Network VoIP - cont. VoIP example - cont. Example VoIP Screen 2 Registration cont. STATUS shows the textual (informative) part of the last registration status. Generally, this should be alright but, if there is an issue, this will describe the problem (e.g. indicates that the device/line did not correctly authenticate with the server). Completed Calls COMPLETED CALLS shows the number of calls made to (IN) and from (OUT) the device/line.
4-24 Analyze Network VoIP - cont. VoIP example - cont. Example VoIP Screen 3 Last Call LAST CALL - gives information regarding the last call made or the call in progress, if any. If no calls have been made, or if there is no call in progress, this section will not be displayed. The call being made will also be displayed as OUTGOING or INCOMING. STATUS - Shows the last SIP status information for the call progress.
4-25 Analyze Network VoIP - cont. VoIP example - cont. Example VoIP Screen 4 Media Stream MEDIA STREAM shows the details of the RTP connections for the calls and the protocols (codecs) being used. This is the information negotiated with the SIP server. For each end being used, the IP address and the codec (if known) are displayed. SERVER - shows the server of the RTP link.
4-26 Analyze Network VoIP - cont. VoIP example - cont. Example VoIP Screen 5 Media Stream - cont. RESTARTS, MISORDERS, LOST and JITTER shows the corresponding statistics data for the data stream. The meanings of these are exactly as defined in the SIP RFC. RESTARTS is the number of times that a badly scrambled data stream needed to be restarted (this is bad). MISORDERS is the number of times that frames were received out of order but, not lost (these frames generate poor signal quality, e.g.
4-27 Analyze Network Frame Capture Frame Capture The FRAME CAPTURE screen displays a filtered or non-filtered capture of packets detected by the LanExpert. Select START to start capturing packets. Once a packet is detected it displays which LANEXPERT port number the packet is received on, the packet number received from the start of the capture test sequentially and the size of the packet. It also displays the date and time in microseconds when the packet was detected. Select STOP to stop the capture.
4-28 Analyze Network Remote Access Remote Access Select the REMOTE ACCESS button in the Bottom Area. The Remote Access Screen displays UDP Sessions and Pings received. The LANEXPERT IP address is also shown here. UDP SESSIONS describe the connection to another network device. The LANEXPERT displays the IP address and the port number the packet comes from. Also the LANEXPERT will tell if the link is Active or Inactive and how many transmitted and received packets between the two devices.
4-29 Analyze Network PoE Inline PoE Select the PoE button in the Bottom Area. This is INLINE PoE, which is not the same as the PoE under cable test. By selecting this button, make sure the LANEXPERT is in INLINE mode or a screen will be displayed saying . Make sure one side of the LANEXPERT is a Powered device and the other side a Power Source.
4-30 Analyze Network Save Save Select the SAVE button in the Bottom Area. Capture (.CAP files) is used to store the frames in the Frame Capture mode. Up to 8192 frames in each of 10 memory storage locations can be stored. Once stored the frames must be downloaded to the computer and viewed in the Wireshark protocol analysis software (this is a free software package go to www.wireshark.org to download the latest version).
Analyze Network Setup 4-31 Setup Select the SETUP button in the Bottom Area. This will display the SELECTED PROFILES screen. See how to change parameters under the SETUP in chapter 3 page 3-2. NOTE: Select another Test button visible on the screen or by scrolling to the right or left with the white arrows or select the Exit button.
Chapter 5
Stress Test This chapter describes how to test the network with the RFC2544 Stress Test. Understanding RFC2544 The LANEXPERT Network Analyzer uses Throughput, Latency, Frame Loss and Back-to-Back tests to measure the performance of a network consisting of one or more active devices. Throughput - defines the maximum number of frames per second that can be transmitted without any errors. The test starts at a mid-range frame rate and then compares the number of transmitted and received frames.
5-2 Stress Test Stess Test Screen Basic Setup This section will describe how to configure the LANEXPERT for a RFC2544 Stress Test. Stress Test with One LanExpert Select SETUP and select any Profile besides Factory Default under the Select Profile. Go to PORTS and change the configuration to INDEP for Independent mode.
5-3 Stress Test Stess Test Screen Basic Setup This section will describe how to configure the LANEXPERT for a RFC2544 Stress Test. Stress Test with Two LanExperts Select SETUP on both LANEXPERTs and select Factory Default under the Select Profile. Press [X] to return to the Home Screen. Select Stress Test and wait for both LANEXPERTs to link. On the main LANEXPERT (the one where you will press start), Select Setup and change the Remote IP address to the other LANEXPERT IP address (Remote LANEXPERT).
5-4 Stress Test Stess Test Screen Stress Test Screen Select the STRESS TEST button from the HOME screen. This screen displays the port link connection and the IP address associated with that port. All Stress Test packets are sent to either the second port on the LANEXPERT or another LANEXPERT. The IP address for the other port or the second LanExpert must be entered in the Stress Test Setup and is shown as the Remote IP address.
5-5 Stress Test Stess Test Screen Stress Test Screen Stress test Screen Storage Screen Storage Select STORAGE in the Data action buttons to save current test results or recall previously saved test results. The SAVE button can only be used when the set of tests have been performed completely and no changes to SETUP or test selection have been made. Select an internal or external store number to save the current test data for further analysis or recall previously saved data.
5-6 Stress Test Thoughput Throughput Throughput test results are shown as the maximum number of frames transmitted and the percent utilization of the total bandwidth with zero lost frames. One row of data is shown for each enabled frame size (up to 7 rows). The above screens show two different examples of Stress Tests: The left screen shows the test results when Port 1 of a LANEXPERT is connected to a gigabit switch with Port 2 of the same LANEXPERT also connected to the gigabit switch.
Stress Test Latency 5-7 Latency Test results are shown as the minimum, average and maximum latency time (in microseconds) for each size frame that is tested. The total number of packets used in the Latency test is determined by the length of time and number of tests selected in Setup. One row of data is shown for each enabled frame size (up to 7 rows). When the latency time varies, it causes issues with real-time services.
Stress Test Frame Loss 5-8 Frame Loss Test results are shown as Frame Loss percentage versus percent of maximum line speed for each packet size. The test starts at 100% of the line speed and steps down in selectable step sizes until two consecutive steps have 0% frame loss which ends the test. Dashed lines are displayed for line speeds not tested when the 0% frame loss is met. In the first example below, the test shows 0% loss at both 100% and 90% of the maximum line speed which ended the test.
Stress Test Back to Back 5-9 Back to Back Test results are shown as the number of frames sent at maximum line speed until a frame was lost. The test is repeated for each selected frame size with one row of data for each frame size (up to 7 rows). The screen on the left shows that the LANEXPERT can send a very large about of back-to-back frames before an error occurs. This shows that our single switch has good buffering capabilities to keep up with the flow of traffic.
5-10 Stress Test Storage Storage This section will describe how to Save a RFC2544 Stress Test. After performing a stress test, select STORAGE from the main stress test screen. Select to SAVE the stress test data collected internally or externally onto a flashdrive. For saving to flashdrive: The files are placed into the LANDATA directory, under the name entered on the LanExpert when the files were saved. The previous binary file (username.STT) is still saved in the LANDATA directory. This .
Chapter 6
Cable Test This chapter will explain the screens presented as you use your LANEXPERT 80 to perform Port ID, Tone, Length, Wiremap and PoE tests. This section is for LANEXPERT 80 ONLY. Warning: Cable test is ONLY performed on Port 2. Do not connect anything into Port 1 while performing cable tests. Psiber is not liable for misuse of these ports. Select CABLE TEST from the HOME screen with the stylus.
Cable Test Port ID 6-2 Port Identification PORT ID is used to determine which port of a hub or switch is wired to a particular wall jack by blinking the Link LED on the port. The blink rate is adjustable for compatibility with most switches and hubs. Select the rate at which the LED will blink either SLOW, MEDIUM, FAST, or FASTEST. Once a link is established, the box will flash the chosen blink rate. NO LINK will display in the box if nothing is connected to Port 2. Select START to run the test.
Cable Test Length 6-3 Length LENGTH measures and displays the distance to an open or short of each wire pair in a cable. (Please disconnected Wiremap Terminator prior to starting the length measurement.) Change the NVP for the connected cable by selecting the up and down arrow next to the NVP number. The highest NVP is 74 and the lowest is 65. Change the feet to meters by selecting the FEET button.Select START to run the test.
6-4 Cable Test Wiremap Wiremap WIREMAP verifies proper cable wiring and detects split pairs. Connect the Wiremap Terminator to the cable under test prior to selecting START. Select START to run the test. If the Wiremap Terminator in not connected all pairs will display OPEN and a message appears saying . If an error is found the incorrect numbers display in red on the right and a message is displayed inbetween the colored wires.
6-5 Cable Test PoE PoE PoE tests for IEEE Standard Power. The LANEXPERT displays the wire pairs that are powered, the voltage measured and the wire pair polarity. Power detected on pairs 12-36 is called an Endspan. Power detected on Pairs 45-78 is called Midsapn. Power detected on all pairs is called Allspan. Select TEST to run the test. For Inline Current measurement, press [X] to get back to the Home Screen. Select SETUP and change the profile to be inline.
Chapter 7
Loopback This chapter will explain the screens presented as you use your LANEXPERT to test for loopback mode on the LE80 and LE85. The Loopback sends traffic to its own IP address through a remote device. This remote device must be configured in an external loopback mode to send the packets back to the LanExpert. In a reflector mode, the remote swaps the source and destination addresses.
7-2 Loopback Loopback Screen Setup for Loopback Mode Press SETUP from the Loopback main screen to view the configurable loopback parameters. Change Duration, Packet size and Frame Rate to fit all types of networks. DURATION shows the actual time the test takes to complete. Once the defined amount of packets is reached or the time has completed, the LanExpert will stop sending packets. Select either a specific time in minutes and seconds or enter a number of frames.
7-3 Loopback Loopback Screen Loopback Test Once the parameters are set, press START on the Loopback main screen to start running the loopback test. Once the START button has been pressed, the LanExpert will show the SIZE in bytes of each packet, the AVERAGE RATE at which the packets will be sent out and FRAMES transmitted and received by the LanExpert. This screen will also display the number of lost frames and the percentage of lost frames to total packets.
Chapter 8
Recall Save Data This chapter will explain the screens presented as you use your LANEXPERT to recall internal or external saved data. Select RECALL from the HOME screen with the stylus. The LANEXPERT starts looking for a link connection on either port. Once the LANEXPERT links the Status Indicators (LEDs) for the Ports will turn to a solid color depending on the speed it is connected. (i.e. Red = 10Mbit, Orange = 100Mbit and Green = 1000Mbit).
8-2 Recall Saved Data Recall Screen Recall Internal Data Select the internal number field to enter the saved data number. This is where you saved the data under Analyze Network. Press ENTER to return back to the RECALL screen. Press RECALL to find the data. If the saved number location is valid then the screen information will be displayed. This will look identical to the analyze network button except no new information is being filled in. Select the buttons to navigate to the saved data.
8-3 Recall Saved Data Recall Screen Recall External Data Plug in the USB flashdrive where the saved data from the Analyze Network was stored. Select the external name field to enter the saved data filename. This is where you saved the data under Analyze Network. Press ENTER to return back to the RECALL screen. Press RECALL to find the data. If the saved filename is valid then the screen information will be displayed.
Chapter 9
Technical Support This chapter will explain how to get answers to questions about the LANEXPERT. First, go to http://www.psiber.com/de/home/products/networkanalyzer/lanexpert/faqs-general.html to view Frequently Asked Question about the LanExpert. If you do not see you question, select Submit question to enter a unique question. Our technical support department views submitted questions everyday and will answer questions as soon as possible.
Chapter 10
Update Firmware This chapter will explain the steps on how to use the Console Application to Update the firmware for your LANEXPERT. Select ANALYZE NETWORK from the HOME screen with the stylus. The LANEXPERT starts looking for a link connection on either port. Once the LANEXPERT links the Status Indicators (LEDs) for the Ports will turn to a solid color depending on the speed it is connected. (i.e. Red = 10Mbit, Orange = 100Mbit and Green = 1000Mbit).
Update Firmware Install Console Application 10-2 Install The Console Application The LANEXPERT Console Application requires that the .NET Framework version 3.5 is installed on your computer. If you do not have the .NET Framework version 3.5 installed on your computer you will need to install it first. You can skip step 1 if you already have the .NET Framework version 3.5 installed on your computer. Plug the flashdrive (that came with the unit) into the computer and open the folder.
10-3 Update Firmware Firmware Update LanExpert Firmware Update Instructions (Definition: XX = latest available version) 0. Before starting the LanExpert firmware update procedure, ensure that the LanExpert is fully charged, or is powered using the AC adapter. Also, that the LanExpert console application is downloaded and installed onto your computer. If not, download the app from Psiber‘s web site and install. 1. Create a LanExpertFW directory on your hard drive. Save the Update_1_XX.
Appendix A
Connecting the Analyzer Single Ended OR Independent Inline A-1
Connecting the Analyzer Stress Test Cable Test (LE80 ONLY on Port 2) A-2
Connecting the Analyzer Loopback Test A-2
Appendix B
Graphics Upper Display Area Graphics Home Graphic. This is the graphic in the upper left corner when the home screen is being shown on the display. Analyze Network Graphic. This is the graphic in the upper left corner when any of the ANALYZE NETWORK screens is being shown on the display. Cable Test Graphic. This is the graphic in the upper left corner when any of the CABLE screens is being shown on the display. Setup Graphic.
B-2 Graphics Home Screen Graphics Analyze Network Button. This is the graphic for the ANALYZE NETWORK button on the home screen. Recall Button. This is the graphic for the RECALL button on the HOME screen. Stress Test Button. This is the graphic for the STRESS TEST button on the HOME screen. Cable Test Button. This is the graphic for the CABLE TEST button on the home screen. Setup Button.
B-3 Graphics Setup Graphics - Bottom Area - cont. Traffic Generate Button. This is the graphic for the TRAFFIC GENERATE button at the bottom of the ANALYZE NETWORK screens and also at the bottom of the SETUP screens. Frame Capture Button. This is the graphic for the CAPTURE button at the bottom of the ANALYZE NETWORK screens and also at the bottom of the SETUP screens. Lock Button. This is the graphic for the LOCK button at the bottom of the SETUP screen. Touch Panel Button.
B-4 Graphics Analyze Network - Bottom Area - cont. Top Talkers Button. This is the graphic for the TOP TALKERS button at the bottom of the ANALYZE NETWORK screens. Devices Button. This is the graphic for the DEVICES button at the bottom of the ANALYZE NETWORK screens. Ping/Trace Button. This is the graphic for the PING/TRACE button at the bottom of the ANALYSE NETWORK screens and also at the bottom of the SETUP screens. Traffic Generate Button.
B-5 Graphics Cable Test - Bottom Area Port ID Button. This is the graphic for the PORT ID button at the bottom of the CABLE TEST screens. Tone Button. This is the graphic for the TONE button at the bottom of the CABLE TEST screens. Length Button. This is the graphic for the LENGTH button at the bottom of the CABLE TEST screens. Wiremap Button. This is the graphic for the WIREMAP button at the bottom of the CABLE TEST screens. PoE Button.
Appendix C
C-1 UTC Time Zones Abbreviation Full name Location Time zone A Alpha Time Zone Military UTC + 1 hour ACDT Australian Central Daylight Time Australia UTC + 10:30 hours ACST Australian Central Standard Time Australia UTC + 9:30 hours ADT Atlantic Daylight Time North America UTC - 3 hours AEDT Australian Eastern Daylight Time or Australian Eastern Summer Time Australia UTC + 11 hours AEST Australian Eastern Standard Time Australia UTC + 10 hours AKDT Alaska Daylight Time North Am
C-2 UTC Time Zones G Golf Time Zone Military UTC + 7 hours GMT Greenwich Mean Time Europe UTC H Hotel Time Zone Military UTC + 8 hours HAA Heure Avancée de l'Atlantique North America UTC - 3 hours HAC Heure Avancée du Centre North America UTC - 5 hours HADT Hawaii-Aleutian Daylight Time North America UTC - 9 hours HAE Heure Avancée de l'Est North America UTC - 4 hours HAP Heure Avancée du Pacifique North America UTC - 7 hours HAR Heure Avancée des Rocheuses North America U
C-3 UTC Time Zones PDT Pacific Daylight Time North America UTC - 7 hours PST Pacific Standard Time North America UTC - 8 hours Q Quebec Time Zone Military UTC - 4 hours R Romeo Time Zone Military UTC - 5 hours S Sierra Time Zone Military UTC - 6 hours T Tango Time Zone Military UTC - 7 hours U Uniform Time Zone Military UTC - 8 hours UTC Coordinated Universal Time Europe UTC V Victor Time Zone Military UTC - 9 hours W Whiskey Time Zone Military UTC - 10 hours WDT We
