Off-Grid Inverter SUNNY ISLAND 4548-US/6048-US Technical description SI4548_6048-US-TB_en-13 | Version 1.
SMA America, LLC Legal Provisions Legal Provisions Copyright © 2013 SMA America, LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, be it electronic, mechanical, photographic, magnetic or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SMA America, LLC.
Important Safety Instructions SMA America, LLC Important Safety Instructions SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS This manual contains important instructions for the following products: • Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US This manual must be followed during installation and maintenance. The product is designed and tested in accordance with international safety requirements, but as with all electrical and electronic equipment, certain precautions must be observed when installing and/or operating the product.
SMA America, LLC Important Safety Instructions Markings on this Product The following symbols are used as product markings with the following meanings. Symbol Description Warning regarding dangerous voltage The product works with high voltages. All work on the product must only be performed as described in the documentation of the product. Beware of hot surface The product can become hot during operation. Do not touch the product during operation.
General Warnings SMA America, LLC General Warnings All electrical installations must be made in accordance with the local and National Electrical Code® ANSI/NFPA 70 or the Canadian Electrical Code® CSA C22.1. This document does not and is not intended to replace any local, state, provincial, federal or national laws, regulations or codes applicable to the installation and use of the product, including without limitation applicable electrical safety codes.
SMA America, LLC Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Information on this Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Validity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Target Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents SMA America, LLC 6.3 AC Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 6.3.1 Cable Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 6.3.2 AC1 (Loads/Sunny Boys) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 6.3.3 AC2 (Generator/Grid) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 6.4 Additional Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SMA America, LLC Table of Contents 10 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 Menu Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changing Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Direct Access - Direct Access to the Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compact Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents SMA America, LLC 13 Battery Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 Battery Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Start Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Charge Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SMA America, LLC Table of Contents 14.2.5 Grid Reconnection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 14.2.6 Grid Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 14.2.7 Grid Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 14.2.8 Disturbances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 14.2.9 Limits and Power Control . . . . . . . . . . .
Table of Contents SMA America, LLC 18 Maintenance and Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 18.6 Enclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Cleaning the Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SMA America, LLC Table of Contents 20 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 Error Confirmation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Autostart Handling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Master-Slave Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Handling of Pending Errors during the Booting Procedure .
SMA America, LLC 1 Information on this Manual 1 Information on this Manual 1.1 Validity This manual applies to the following battery inverters from firmware version 6.0: • Sunny Island 4548-US (SI 4548-US-10) • Sunny Island 6048-US (SI 6048-US-10) Keep this manual in a convenient place for future reference. 1.2 Target Group This manual is for electrically qualified persons.
2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US 2.1 Properties The Sunny Island is a bidirectional inverter (battery inverter and battery charger) for off-grid systems. The Sunny Island supplies loads on the stand-alone grid side and charges the batteries with the energy from grid-feeding units connected on the AC side. The comfortable support of AC and DC coupling, as well as the expandability of the systems formed with the Sunny Island guarantee highest flexibility.
SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US The Sunny Island monitors the set voltage and frequency limits on the grid and generator. If these limits are not observed, it disconnects from the external source without interruption and changes to stand-alone grid operation. The Sunny Island also has an integrated anti-islanding feature which stops the production of electricity when the grid goes down. If this process is tripped, the system also completely changes to stand-alone mode without interruption.
2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US SMA America, LLC Components of a Sunny Island System 18 SI4548_6048-US-TB_en-13 Technical description
SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US Single-Phase System, 120 Vac, up to 6 kW: • 4.5 kW with SI 4548-US-10 • 6 kW with SI 6048-US-10 Single-Phase Parallel System, 120 Vac, up to 18 kW: Maximum three Sunny Island inverters of the types SI 4548-US-10/5048U/6048-US-10. You can combine the various types in any order.
2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US SMA America, LLC Split-Phase System, 240 Vac, up to 12 kW Two Sunny Island inverters of the types SI 4548-US-10/5048U/6048-US-10. You can combine the various types in any order. Three-Phase System, 120/208 Vac, up to 18 kW Three Sunny Island inverters of the types SI 4548-US-10/5048U/6048-US-10. You can combine the various types in any order.
SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US Double Split-Phase System, 240 Vac, up to 24 kW Four Sunny Island inverters of the types SI 4548-US-10/5048U/6048-US-10. Within one phase, only Sunny Island inverters of the same type may be used. Different types may be connected to L1 and L2 (e.g.: L1 with 2 x SI 4548-US-10 and L2 with 2 x SI 6048-US-10).
2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US SMA America, LLC 2.
SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US Item Description A Display B LEDs showing device operation C Control buttons D Slot for the SD card E Opening for the additional connections area (insertion of the cables via conduits) F Connection area for additional connections G Opening for the additional connections area (insertion of the cables via conduits) H Rubber terminal block for the additional connections area (insertion of the cable without conduits) I DC connection area K O
2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US SMA America, LLC A B G M N R D C H E I O K P F L Q S Item Number Designation A 1 Sunny Island B 1 Wall mounting bracket C 2 Ventilation grid D 1 Battery temperature sensor E 2 Filler plug F 2 Counter nut for filler plugs G 1 RJ45 cable, black H 1 Silicone tube I 1 Rubber plugs for feed-through of one cable K 2 Rubber plugs for feed-through of two cables L 1 SD card M 2 M6x10 hexagon socket screw and split lock washers f
SMA America, LLC 2 Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US 2.4 Required Tools and Resources The following tools and materials are required in order to mount and install the Sunny Island 4548-US/6048-US: Tools (not included in scope of delivery) Cable knife Combination pliers Crimping tool for bootlace ferrules (suitable for cable cross-sections up to 3/0 AWG) Diagonal cutting pliers Drill Drill bit (e.g. for masonry or wood), fastener 3/8 in. or Ø 10 mm Flat-blade screwdriver 3⁄32 in. (2.
3 Safety Precautions SMA America, LLC 3 Safety Precautions 3.1 Important Information on Operation Follow all operating and safety precautions in this manual. If these instructions are ignored, a significant danger of injury or death arises and damage to the device, system or plant may also result. Carefully read the safety precautions before installing and commissioning the device. Store the manual at an easily accessible location. Danger to life due to high voltages in the Sunny Island.
SMA America, LLC 3 Safety Precautions 3.2 Potential Hazards Electric shock from touching live components. Death or serious injuries. In order to ensure sufficient protection against contact, comply with the following observing the manual: • Ensure that the Sunny Island is correctly mounted. • Ensure that the Sunny Island is properly grounded. • Ensure that all connections are correctly made. • Ensure that the enclosure lid is firmly closed. Danger to life due to high voltages in the stand-alone grid.
4 Assembly SMA America, LLC 4 Assembly 4.1 Selecting the Mounting Location Danger to life if installed in improper locations. Death or serious burns. Despite careful construction, electrical devices can cause fires. • Do not mount the Sunny Island on flammable construction materials. • Do not mount the Sunny Island near highly flammable materials. • Do not mount the Sunny Island in potentially explosive areas. Risk of injury through contact with hot enclosure parts during operation. Burns to the body.
SMA America, LLC 4 Assembly Observe the following conditions during mounting: • The mounting location and method must be suitable for the weight and dimensions of the Sunny Island. • Mount on a solid surface. • The mounting location must be accessible at all times. • The ambient temperature must be between − 13°F ( − 25°C) and 140°F (+60°C). • Do not expose the Sunny Island to direct solar irradiation, so as to avoid power reduction due to excessive heating.
4 Assembly SMA America, LLC • Maintain the minimum distances to walls, other devices and objects as represented in the illustration. In order to maintain sufficient ventilation, when installing the Sunny Island a minimum clearance of 12 in. (30 cm) at the sides and top must be maintained. Operation and reading are made easier by installing the Sunny Island with its display at eye level, and by keeping a distance of 20 in. (50 cm) from the front.
SMA America, LLC 4 Assembly 4.
4 Assembly SMA America, LLC 4.2.1 Mounting the Sunny Island on a Stone Wall Risk of injury due to the Sunny Island falling. Physical injury (fractures or crushing) and damage to the Sunny Island. • Ensure that the wall can carry the weight of the Sunny Island. • If mounting onto a wooden wall with studs, ensure that the wall mounting bracket is firmly connected with all studs. 1. Place the wall mounting bracket against a suitable wall for mounting and align using a level.
SMA America, LLC 4 Assembly 5. Attach the Sunny Island to the wall mounting bracket. 6. Screw the Sunny Island to the wall mounting bracket on both sides using the screws (M6x10) provided. Tighten the screws clockwise. 7. Ensure that the device is securely in place. 8. Close the recessed grips with the ventilation grids provided. To help you identify the sides, the ventilation grids are marked on the inside with "links/left" and "rechts/right".
4 Assembly SMA America, LLC 4.2.2 Mounting the Sunny Island Using Wall Studs Risk of injury due to the Sunny Island falling. Physical injury (fractures or crushing) and damage to the Sunny Island. • Ensure that the wall can carry the weight of the Sunny Island. • If mounting onto a wooden wall with studs, ensure that the wall mounting bracket is firmly connected with all studs. If the Sunny Island is to be mounted on wall studs, then use the holes in the wall mounting bracket as shown in the figures.
SMA America, LLC 5 Opening and Closing 5 Opening and Closing The enclosure of the Sunny Island has a removable lid. Remove the enclosure lid only when installing the device or for required maintenance or repair work. 5.1 Opening the Sunny Island 1. Stop the Sunny Island (see Section 9.2 "Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby)", page 74). 2. Disconnect the Sunny Island from voltage sources (see Section 9.4 "Disconnecting the Device from Voltage Sources", page 75). 3.
5 Opening and Closing SMA America, LLC 5.2 Closing the Sunny Island Electric shock due to live enclosure lid. Death or serious injuries. The grounding of the lid is ensured by the toothed washers. • Fasten the washers for all six screws with the toothing facing toward the enclosure lid. 1. Place the enclosure lid onto the enclosure and fasten with the six screws and the corresponding washers in the sequence depicted on the right. Tighten the screws to a torque of 53 in-lbs. (6 Nm). 2.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection 6 Electrical Connection All cables are routed through the openings on the bottom side of the device (see next illustration) and connected to the appropriate connection terminals on the Sunny Island. Use conduits to install the cables on the DC side and on the AC side on the Sunny Island. Conduits ensure the dust-tight and water-tight mounting of the cables on the enclosure and also serve as a strain relief of the cables at the connection.
6 Electrical Connection Terminal AC connections SMA America, LLC Torque 22 in-lbs. (2.5 Nm) Cable size AWG 4 (25 mm²) Cable type Only use copper conductors. These cables must be approved for 167°F (75°C). Additional connections 5 in-lbs. to 7 in-lbs. AWG 30 to AWG 12 Only use copper (0.56 Nm to 0.79 Nm) (0.05 mm² to 4 mm²) conductors. These cables must be approved for 167°F (75°C).
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection 6.1 Grounding Danger to life due to electric shock • Fuse the sub-distribution of the generator or the utility grid at input AC2 of the Sunny Island with an overcurrent protective device (Branch Circuit Protection). • Ensure that the overcurrent protective device complies with the specifications of the National Electrical Code®, ANSI/NFPA 70. • Use an overcurrent protective device for a maximum 70 A. Danger to life from electric shock due to faulty grounding.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC Connecting the grounding conductor 1. Install a conduit with a diameter of 11/2 in. (38.1 mm) at the opening in the center of the Sunny Island. Attach the conduit in the inside of the Sunny Island using the appropriate nut. 2. Pull the cabling through the supply line from the inside of the distribution board into the enclosure of the Sunny Island. 3. Strip the insulation of the grounding conductor. 4.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection 6.2 DC Connection Function impairments of devices on the DC busbar. The Sunny Island is not suitable for use with DC supply grids. Function impairment can occur on devices installed on the DC side of a Sunny Island with cables exceeding 98 ft. (30 m) and with a flexible connection. • Only use fixed installations. • Do not use cables of lengths greater than 98 ft. (30 m) between the Sunny Island and the battery and/or DC device. 6.2.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC Example for Cable Dimensioning With a 48 V battery voltage and an outgoing AC power of 4,500 W, a current of up to 100 A flows through the SI 4548-US-10 battery cable. At the same battery voltage and an outgoing AC power of 6,000 W, a current of up to 130 A flows through the battery cable of the SI 6048-US-10. The current flowing through the battery line causes a power loss and a voltage drop with every meter of plain battery cable.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection 6.2.3 Cable Protection The DC circuit breaker in the Sunny Island can interrupt DC currents of up to 10 kA. In addition to the internal DC circuit breakers, install a separate, external fuse as close as possible to the battery. Install a fuse link for the fuse suitable for the maximum occurring DC currents. Electric shock resulting from insufficient protection of the DC cables. Death or serious burns. • Check whether external cable protection is present.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC DC connection area The areas between the stripped line and the connection area must be clean. This ensures that the transition resistance and the heating of the terminal points is reduced. The Sunny Island has a DC connection for a maximum 3/0 AWG for DC+, DC − and PE. 5. Plug the negative DC cable into the "DC–" terminal block and tighten the fastening screw to a torque of 21 ft-lbs. (28 Nm). Use an Allen key of 5⁄16 in. (8 mm). 6.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection 6.3 AC Connection 6.3.1 Cable Protection You must connect the Sunny Island via a sub-distribution to the stand-alone grid and any external source present. Fit the sub-distribution with appropriate circuit breakers and observe all locally applicable standards and directives. Fitting the sub-distribution with circuit breakers The sub-distribution must be equipped with appropriate circuit breakers. Observe all locally applicable standards and directives.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC 6.3.2 AC1 (Loads/Sunny Boys) The sub-distribution of the stand-alone grid (e.g. loads, PV inverter, wind power inverter) is to be connected to output AC1 of the Sunny Island. If you want to fuse individual load circuits in a 120 V grid separately, install circuit breakers with a rated current of up to 20 A: the Sunny Island can safely trigger circuit breakers of up to 20 A.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection Connecting the AC1 Cables: Cable cross-section The maximum cable cross-section for connecting the loads/PV inverters is 4 AWG (25 mm²). 1. Install a conduit with a diameter of 3/4 in. (19 mm) at the left opening on the left side of the Sunny Island enclosure. Attach the conduit on the inside of the Sunny Island with a counter nut. 2. Install the conduit on the distribution board. 3.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC 6.3.3 AC2 (Generator/Grid) The sub-distribution of the generator or utility grid is to be connected at input AC2 of the Sunny Island. Cable lengths in single-phase, parallel, split-phase, double split-phase and three-phase systems The AC cables between all Sunny Island and the generator/grid in a system must have the same size and length.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection Connecting the AC2 Cables (Generator/Grid): Cable cross-section The maximum cable cross-section for connecting the generator is 4 AWG (25 mm²). 1. Install a conduit with a diameter of 3/4 in. (19 mm) at the right opening on the left side of the Sunny Island enclosure. Attach the conduit on the inside of the Sunny Island with a counter nut. 2. Install the conduit on the distribution board. 3.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC 6.4 Additional Connections For installing the connections described below, feed the lines through the specified holes in the cable support sleeve. Plugs for sealing the RJ45 data cable for internal and external communication are provided in the cable insert upon delivery. Through a combination of the plugs there are up to four feed-throughs (2 plugs without a feed-through, 1 plug with 1 feed-through and 2 plugs with 2 feed-throughs).
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection Destruction of the battery through deep discharge as a result of the installation of an unsuitable battery temperature sensor. • Only use the battery temperature sensor included in the scope of delivery. • Do not drill holes into the battery to install the battery temperature sensor. Battery temperature sensor in a cluster A battery temperature sensor is provided with each Sunny Island. Only one battery temperature sensor is required for a cluster.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC 6.4.2 Battery Current Sensor In addition to the internal measurement, the Sunny Island provides the possibility to measure the battery current via a shunt. You need this function if you intend to operate additional DC generators and DC loads in your off-grid system. Only one battery current sensor is necessary in a cluster; this is to be connected to the cluster master. Destruction of the battery due to the connection of additional DC devices.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection Connecting the Battery Current Sensor Use cables of intrinsically safe electric circuits Always use lines for intrinsically safe electric circuits for connecting the battery current sensor. Intrinsically safe means that the line is double-insulated and that in the event of a short-circuit the wire melts but the insulation remains intact. In addition, the cable is not combustible. In order to avoid measuring errors, make sure to use twisted cables.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC 6.4.3 Communication for Multi-Device Connection The Sunny Island can be connected in parallel, as a split-phase system or in a three-phase system with other Sunny Island devices in order to increase the overall power. The Sunny Island inverters communicate with each other via an RJ45 data cable. A black RJ45 cable is provided with each Sunny Island. You need it in order to establish an (internal) communication between several Sunny Islands inverters.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection 6.4.4 Multifunction Relay 1 and 2 The Sunny Island offers you several options for the control of internal and external processes. For this purpose, two multifunction relays are integrated into the Sunny Island to which you can assign functions using the parameters "241.01 Rly1Op" and "241.02 Rly2Op" (see Section 15 "Relays", page 140).
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC Connection to the Relay Contact Danger to life from electric shock due to incorrect insulation. • Securely disconnect the relay cable from the communication area and the AC area. • Strip the insulated conductors of the relay cable. • Sheathe all relay cables installed using the silicone tube provided. • Do not operate the device without the silicone tube. 1. Pierce a hole at a suitable location in the cable support sleeve using a sharp object. 2.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection Power Contactor for Load Shedding The Sunny Island can automatically disconnect loads to protect the battery from deep discharge. To do this, an external (AC or DC) power contactor must be installed between the Sunny Island and the loads (see Section 12.1 "Load Shedding", page 102). Installing the power supply of a DC power contactor for load shedding (e.g.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC Generator Start The Sunny Island can control generators. The Sunny Island directly supports generators that can be started/stopped using a single contact. Default setting of the relays Relay 1 is preset to the "AutoGn" generator start function and relay 2 to the "AutoLodSoc" load shedding function. 6.4.5 BatVtgOut Voltage Supply The battery voltage is conducted to the outside at these terminals. The battery voltage is fused at both poles by PTC resistors (max. 0.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection 6.4.6 DigIn Digital Input The DigIn connection is used as a digital input for external electrical sources. Area of the input voltage at the DigIn input There can be 5 V − 63 V at the DigIn digital input. Corresponding functions If you operate the system with the generator and grid (GenGrid) in parallel, use the relays on the master device in order to activate the related functions. Connecting the DigIn Input 1.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC 6.5 Interface for External Communication You can connect SMA communication devices (e.g. Sunny Boy Control, Sunny WebBox) or a PC with the appropriate software to a communication interface. You will find a detailed wiring diagram in the communication device manual, the software or on the Internet at www.SMA-America.com. You can incorporate an RS485 interface into the Sunny Island.
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection Connecting the Interface for External Communication 1. Remove the right-hand plug from the cable support sleeve. Item Description A Slot for communication interface B Cable route C Enclosure opening in the base of the Sunny Island 2. Lead the cable from into the enclosure opening (C) from outside into the interior of the Sunny Island. 3. Plug the cable into the "ComSmaIn" pin connector. 4. Fit the plug around the cable. 5.
6 Electrical Connection SMA America, LLC Sunny Boy / Sunny WebBox RS485– Signal allocation RJ45 pin connector - RJ45 plug color code Sunny Island 7 B (Data–) 6 green with white stripes 8. The RS485 data bus of the Sunny Island is terminated using a terminator. This terminator is already plugged into the "ComSmaOut" pin connector. Only remove the plug if you want to connect another communication device. 9. Plug the communication interface onto the printed circuit board (A).
SMA America, LLC 6 Electrical Connection Data Transmission Speed The Sunny Island can be operated at different data transmission rates to communicate with external devices. For this, set the "250.06 ComBaud" parameter. Setting the baud rate If PV inverters are connected to the communication bus, the baud rate must be set to 1,200 bps (default setting).
7 Control Elements SMA America, LLC 7 Control Elements In order to commission the Sunny Island, you should familiarize yourself with its operation beforehand. The individual control elements can be seen in the following figure.
SMA America, LLC 7 Control Elements 7.1 Display Messages The display of the Sunny Island has two lines, each with 16 characters. Meaning of the symbols Observe the information on the meaning of the individual symbols (see Section 10.6 "Display Messages (Overview)", page 88). Item Description A Output power/charging power (load status) B Direction of energy flow and system status C Display, if Sunny Island is operating within the grid limits or generator limits.
7 Control Elements SMA America, LLC 7.
SMA America, LLC 8 Initial Start-Up 8 Initial Start-Up 8.1 Requirements Check the connections • Before commissioning check all electrical connections for correct polarity. • Ensure that all electrical connections are connected in accordance with the specifications of this technical description. Always save data Always use the SD card to save data and events. In case of a failure SMA can thus help you quickly. • Always leave the SD card plugged in the Sunny Island.
8 Initial Start-Up SMA America, LLC 1. Switch the DC circuit breaker of the Sunny Island to "ON". ☑ The Sunny Island initiates the start-up phase. The notifications shown here are displayed. The last notification is displayed as soon as the start-up phase is completed. SIBFSBOOT V1.004 2. Press and hold down until the Sunny Island beeps three times. ☑ The QCG is started.
SMA America, LLC 8 Initial Start-Up Systems with one Sunny Island If only one Sunny Island is used in the system, the device type is permanently set to "master" and is not displayed.
8 Initial Start-Up SMA America, LLC Value in variable Explanation GenGrid Grid Backup with Generator GenGrid: – Maximum generator current (0 A to 224 A), default setting: "30 A" – Generator interface (Manual, GenMan, Autostart), default setting: "Autostart" – Maximum grid current (0 A to 224 A), default setting: "30 A" Grid: – Maximum grid current (0 A to 224 A), default setting: "30 A" Gen: – Maximum generator current (0 A to 224 A), default setting: "30 A" – Generator interface (Manual, GenMan, Auto
SMA America, LLC 8 Initial Start-Up 8.3 Commissioning the Battery Current Sensor In the event you have installed a battery current sensor in your system, you are required to synchronize the internal offset of the device. To do this, proceed as follows: 1. Set the Sunny Island to standby mode (see Section 9.2 "Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby)", page 74). Entering incorrect parameters endangers operational safety. Damage to the off-grid system and its components.
8 Initial Start-Up SMA America, LLC 8. Reconnect the cables of the battery current sensor correctly as displayed in the graphic. Make sure the lines have the correct polarity when doing this. – BatCur+ to terminal 1 – BatCur– to terminal 2 9. Start the Sunny Island (see Section 9.1 "Switching On", page 73). 10. Check the current direction: "120.
SMA America, LLC 9 Switching On and Off 9 Switching On and Off 9.1 Switching On Systems with several Sunny Island inverters Switch on the slaves before you switch on the master. To do this, proceed as follows. 1. Check the following requirements: – correct electrical connections – voltages and polarities 2. Switch the DC circuit breaker of the Sunny Island to "ON". ☑ The display light of the Sunny Island switches on. "250.01 AutoStr" Parameter Even with the "250.
9 Switching On and Off SMA America, LLC or Wait five seconds. ☑ The Sunny Island skips the QCG and the notification shown here is displayed. 4. Press and hold . ☑ Process bar is shown in the display. ☑ On a slave, the notification displayed here is shown until the master is started. 5. Press on the master. ☑ A signal sounds. The Sunny Island is in operation and the green LED is on. 9.2 Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby) Standby Even in standby mode the Sunny Island still requires approx.
SMA America, LLC 9 Switching On and Off 9.3 Switching Off To switch off the Sunny Island, proceed as follows: "Switching sequence" Only with the sequence shown here can you ensure that all internal meter positions/values are saved. 1. Stop the Sunny Island (see Section 9.2 "Stopping the Sunny Island (Standby)", page 74). 2. Switch the DC circuit breaker of the Sunny Island to "OFF". ☑ The Sunny Island is switched off. 9.4 Disconnecting the Device from Voltage Sources 1.
9 Switching On and Off SMA America, LLC 1. Switch the DC circuit breaker of the Sunny Island to "OFF". Danger to life due to high voltages in the Sunny Island. Risk of death or serious injury due to electric shock. After an automatic disconnection, high residual voltages can remain in the Sunny Island capacitors. • Wait at least 15 minutes before restarting the Sunny Island. The Sunny Island capacitors discharge during this time. 2. Wait at least 15 minutes. 3.
SMA America, LLC 10 Operation 10 Operation The main menu consists of a "Home Screen" and the other main menu entries, which split up into the different menu levels. Operating states, for example, the current operating mode, power, etc. are displayed on the "Home Screen" (see Section 10.6 "Display Messages (Overview)", page 88). The menu consists of a main menu and maximum two sub-menu levels (see Section 10.1 "Menu Structure", page 78).
10 Operation SMA America, LLC The Sunny Island utilizes an operation concept referred to as "Single Point of Operation". For a system with more than one Sunny Island, all entries are made on the master. There, you configure the entire system, confirm events, warnings and errors in the QCG (see Section 8 "Initial Start-Up", page 67), and perform firmware updates when required (see Section 11.6 "Updating the Firmware", page 99).
SMA America, LLC 10 Operation Overview of the Menu Structure: Technical description SI4548_6048-US-TB_en-13 79
10 Operation SMA America, LLC 100# Meters - Display values In this main menu, you will find the display values for the following components of the off-grid system: • 110# Inverter Meters − Sunny Island • 120# Battery Meters − Battery • 130# External Meters − Grid/Generator • 140# Charge Controller − Sunny Island Charger (is only shown when there is at least one Sunny Island Charger connected to the Sunny Island) • 150# Compact Meters − compact view of values for commissioning By opening the relevant sub-m
SMA America, LLC 10 Operation 10.2 Changing Parameters Using the up and down arrow buttons, you navigate through a selected menu to view or change a parameter, for example. When the relevant parameter is displayed, you can read off its present value. An arrow next to the value indicates that the parameter can be changed. If you press , the arrow begins to blink and you can use the up and down arrow buttons to change the value of the "221.02 BatCpyNom" parameter.
10 Operation SMA America, LLC 10.3 Direct Access - Direct Access to the Parameters The "600# Direct Access" menu gives you direct access to the selected parameter using the parameter name or number. Via the Select Name sub-menu, you have direct access to the following functions: • GnManStr: manual starting of the generator (see Section 14.1.4 "Manual Generator Operation", page 121) • ManChrgSel: manual starting of equalization charge (see Section 13.4.
SMA America, LLC 10 Operation Bat 1 (Battery Value 1) Item Description A Name of the compact meter B Present battery state of charge (BatSoc) C Estimated error of the state of charge (BatSocErr) D Total battery current of the cluster (TotBatCur) E Battery temperature (BatTmp) Bat 2 (Battery Value 2) Item Description A Name of the compact meter B Battery voltage (BatVtg) C Setpoint of charging voltage (BatChrgVtg) D Active charging process (BatChrgOp) E Remaining absorption time (A
10 Operation SMA America, LLC Inv (AC Values of Inverter) Item Description A Name of the compact meter B Present voltage at the inverter (InvVtg) C Present frequency at the inverter (InvFrq) D Present active power of the inverter (InvPwrAt) E Present reactive power at the inverter (InvPwrPt) InvTot (Total AC Values of Inverter) Item Description A Name of the compact meter B Total active power of the inverter (cluster) C Total reactive power of the inverter (cluster) 84 SI4548_6048-U
SMA America, LLC 10 Operation Ext (AC Values of External Source) Item Description A Name of the compact meter B Voltage of the external source (ExtVtg) C Frequency of the external source (ExtFrq) D Active power of the external source (ExtPwrAt) E Reactive power of the external source (ExtPwrPt) ExtTot (Total AC Values of External Source) Item Description A Name of the compact meter B Total active power of the external source (cluster) C Total reactive power of the external source (clu
10 Operation SMA America, LLC OpStt (Inverter and Generator Status) Item Description A Name of the compact meter B Operating state of the inverter (InvOpStt) C State of the generator (GnStt) 10.5 Entering the Installer Password Entering incorrect parameters endangers operational safety. Damage to the off-grid system and its components. All parameter settings which could affect the operating safety of the off-grid system are protected by the installer password.
SMA America, LLC 10 Operation Proceed as follows to enter the installer password from the "Home Screen": 1. Keep pressing the "arrow down" key until the "200# Settings" menu is displayed. 2. Press . 3. Keep pressing the "arrow down" key until the "280# Password Setting" menu is displayed. 4. Press . ☑ The "280# Password Setting" sub-menu opens. 5. Press . 6. Determine the password. Calculate the checksum (sum of all digits) of the operating hours.
10 Operation SMA America, LLC 10.6 Display Messages (Overview) The display has two lines, each with 16 characters. The first line shows the menu number and the menu name, or the name of the parameter where applicable. The menu name is supplemented or the added text is displayed (e.g. parameter value) in the lower line, if required.
SMA America, LLC 10 Operation • Meters (always one of five possibilities, depending on priority) – Remaining absorption time – Remaining generator warm up time – Remaining Run1h time for the generator – Remaining time of Timer 1 – Remaining time of Timer 2 • Active charging process Situational displaying of text and values The display shows only values that are relevant in the actual system status.
10 Operation Symbol SMA America, LLC Meaning The Sunny Island is configured as master. The Sunny Island is configured as slave 1. The Sunny Island is configured as slave 2. Status of the external source: Voltage and frequency of the generator/grid are within set limits. Status of the external source: Voltage and frequency of the external source are not within set limits. In this case, the Sunny Island does not connect the generator to the stand-alone grid.
SMA America, LLC Symbol 10 Operation Meaning Warning message is displayed (at position (H): This symbol blinks until you have confirmed the warning or the error in the menu "410# Failures Current" or "420# Failure History". Display "Generator Status" and "Request Reason" The two displays above are cyclically shown on the display as the status of the external source.
10 Operation SMA America, LLC 10.8 Display of Events The Sunny Island can display a list of events: The serial number (quantity) of the event is displayed in the upper line. Display of time and date and time changes in 2-second intervals. The number of the event and the corresponding short text are given in the lower line. 10.
SMA America, LLC 11 Archiving Data on an SD Card 11 Archiving Data on an SD Card The Sunny Island can store firmware, parameters and measured data on a SD card which must be FAT-16-formatted and may have a max. size of 2 GB (possible storage sizes are 32/64/128/256/ 512 MB and 1GB and 2 GB). Use the SD card included in the delivery solely for the Sunny Island. Do not save any multimedia data on the SD card. File names are saved in 8.3 format and files with other designations are ignored.
11 Archiving Data on an SD Card SMA America, LLC After you have inserted the SD card into the card reader slot on your PC, you can search for the respective drive in the Explorer (in Microsoft Windows). The following data are on this drive (here E:): The files on the SD card have the following meanings: File name Meaning evthism.log (evthisN.log for SlaveN) Event history of the device, saved by means of parameter "550.03 CardFunc", failhism.log (failhisN.
SMA America, LLC 11 Archiving Data on an SD Card "BOOTEX.LOG" File The file "BOOTEX.LOG" is not necessarily saved on the card, it is generated according to the operating system used (e.g. WindowsXP or Windows2000). The firmware of the Sunny Island expects device-specific data in the main directory of the SD card. This data includes a new firmware, parameters and measuring data. The Sunny Island uses the SD card for saving and loading device parameters.
11 Archiving Data on an SD Card SMA America, LLC 11.1 Inserting the SD Card Electrostatic discharge when inserting the SD card. Electrostatic discharges can damage the Sunny Island components. • Ground yourself before you insert or remove the SD card from the Sunny Island enclosure. Insert the SD card with the cut corner pointing down into the slot on the Sunny Island (see illustration).
SMA America, LLC 11 Archiving Data on an SD Card 11.2 Removing the SD Card To ensure that all log data is saved upon deactivation, write all data not yet saved from the buffer to the SD card by using the parameter "550.03 CardFunc" with the option "ForcedWrite". Data loss If you remove the SD card without first activating the parameter "550.03 CardFunc", you lose up to a maximum of 15 minutes of data. 11.
11 Archiving Data on an SD Card SMA America, LLC 11.5 Status Messages Using the "312.07 CardStt" parameter, you can request the status of your SD card: Display Description The SD card is deactivated. The SD card is activated. The memory capacity of your SD card has been exceeded. The SD card has an invalid file format. The SD card is not compatible. Your Sunny Island is loading parameters from the SD card. Loading parameters from SD card has failed. The SD card is being accessed.
SMA America, LLC 11 Archiving Data on an SD Card 11.6 Updating the Firmware The firmware of the Sunny Island can be updated using the SD card. When the Sunny Island starts up or when the SD card is inserted, the Sunny Island searches for special update files on the SD card. If it finds files containing new firmware versions, it performs an update when the Sunny Island is in standby mode. Duration of the firmware update The update for single-phase systems takes approximately five minutes.
11 Archiving Data on an SD Card SMA America, LLC Starting QCG If you have carried out a firmware update in which the number before the dot in the firmware version has changed, it is advisable to start QCG and to perform all settings anew. Firmware Update in a System with One Sunny Island During the update, the Sunny Island displays the following messages.
SMA America, LLC 11 Archiving Data on an SD Card Display message Display from Explanation Master The master update starts. Master Master update part 1/2. Master Master update part 2/2. Master The slave update starts. Master The slave update is running. Master The master update is completed. Slave The slave update is completed. ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ Parameters and settings Individual parameters and settings are retained during a firmware update.
12 Additional Functions SMA America, LLC 12 Additional Functions 12.1 Load Shedding If the loads connected to the Sunny Island use more energy over an extended period than the energy produced by the generators connected, the battery can deeply discharge. The Sunny Island shuts down automatically if the state of charge of the battery is too low. This way, the Sunny Island avoids a deep discharge of the battery.
SMA America, LLC 12 Additional Functions The figure shows an example of the settings if the one-step load shedding function at night is to be avoided as much as possible. From 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. the load shedding is activated for a state of charge (SOC) of 40%, at nighttime (from 10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.), however, the state of charge of the battery is allowed to go down to 30% before the load-shedding contactor is activated. The load shedding function can be assigned a total of two times.
12 Additional Functions SMA America, LLC 12.2 Sleep Mode Using the "250.10 SleepEna" parameter set to "Enable" allows the sleep mode to be activated in single-phase grids, which the master uses to switch off the slaves when the power value allows this. Sleep mode The "Sleep Mode" works exclusively in stand-alone grid operation! The values for connection and disconnection of the Sunny Island are already set at the factory (optimized in terms of efficiency). 12.
SMA America, LLC 12 Additional Functions 12.6 Device Faults and Autostart If a critical fault occurs, the Sunny Island automatically shuts down and displays the reason on the display. If the autostart function is activated (parameter "250.01 AutoStr") the Sunny Island can confirm the fault automatically and restart on its own. If the fault persists, the Sunny Island cannot be started.
13 Battery Management SMA America, LLC 13 Battery Management The battery management of the Sunny Island supports the following three battery types ("221.01 BatTyp" parameter): FLA Flooded Lead Acid: Closed lead-acid batteries with liquid electrolyte in all standard designs available on the market (grid plate, tubular plate, small, large, etc.).
SMA America, LLC 13 Battery Management 13.1 Battery Temperature The Sunny Island continuously monitors the battery temperature using the battery temperature sensor provided. At 9°F (5°C) below the maximum permissible temperature (parameter "221.04 BatTmpMax"), a warning is displayed. If the maximum value for the battery temperature is exceeded, the Sunny Island switches off. A warning is given if the value for lead-acid batteries falls below 14°F (‒10°C) and below ‒4°F (‒20°C) for NiCd batteries.
13 Battery Management SMA America, LLC Since full charge states are generally only rarely achieved during a grid failure, the operation used here can also utilize the battery voltage during constant discharge phases with low discharge currents to recalibrate the state of charge. Compared to the ampere-hour balancing method, the operation used here exhibits a high level of stability over the long term when recalibrated at regular intervals.
SMA America, LLC 13 Battery Management 13.4 Charge Control The Sunny Island uses a three-phase charge control, using the IUoU procedure. When operating with the utility grid, a fourth level, Silent Mode, is optionally available. The I stands for the constant current phase (I phase). In this phase, the charging is limited by the maximum defined battery current (parameter "222.01 BatChrgCurMax"), the nominal generator current (parameter "234.03 GnCurNom"), the nominal grid current (parameter "232.
13 Battery Management SMA America, LLC The following figure shows the relationship and the flowchart of the charging phases and charging processes. Once this constant voltage phase is finished, the Sunny Island switches to float charge which again carries out constant voltage charging but at a greatly reduced charging voltage ("222.10 ChrgVtgFlo" parameter). The purpose of the float charge is to keep the battery in a fully charged state without causing premature aging through overcharging.
SMA America, LLC 13 Battery Management 13.4.1 Boost Charge The boost charge is the most common charging process of the Sunny Island. The boost charge ensures a high generator workload through a high charging voltage over a short period of time. With liquid FLA lead-acid batteries, this charge process should be used for gassing and thus compensating the electrolytes. The boost charge process can charge the battery up to approx. 85% to 90%. 13.4.
13 Battery Management SMA America, LLC 13.4.3 Equalization Charge A battery storage system consists of many individual battery cells connected in series which all behave slightly different. Over time, this results in different states of charge in the individual cells. This can lead to premature failure, initially of individual cells, and finally to failure of the entire bank. The Sunny Island can perform an equalization charge automatically every 180 days ("222.
SMA America, LLC 13 Battery Management 13.4.5 Silent Mode In addition to the float charge, the silent mode can only be used ("224.01 SilentEna" parameter) when operating with the utility grid in the operating mode "GridCharge". The main purpose of the silent mode is to save energy by switching from charge mode to standby mode in backup systems where the Sunny Island is predominantly in float charge. The silent mode is activated after the time set for float charge ("224.
13 Battery Management SMA America, LLC Level 3: The third level ensures that the battery is protected from deep discharge and thus protected against damage. In this case, the Sunny Island is switched off completely. • To recommission the Sunny Island, restart it (see Section 9.5 "Reactivating the Device Following Automatic Shutdown", page 75). At all three levels, the Sunny Island is stopped only if no battery charging current flows within ten minutes (limit: 3 A charging current).
SMA America, LLC 13 Battery Management 13.6 Battery Diagnosis The "320# Battery Diagnosis" menu displays several values that provide information on the past operational behavior of the battery. These values are helpful in checking the efficiency of the set parameters and in viewing the typical operating conditions of the battery (see Section 19.3 "Diagnosis (300#)", page 193). 13.7 Battery Lead Resistance In menu "221# Battery Property", you can specify the battery lead resistance (BatWirRes).
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources The Sunny Island supports the integration of external energy sources. Here, a distinction is made between the integration of a generator and the integration of the utility grid. Both the generator as well as the utility grid are integrated through the AC2 connection of the Sunny Island. A single-phase, a split-phase and a three-phase connection can be established.
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources Sunny Island connected in parallel to a 120 V generator Sunny Island in the split-phase system to a 240 V generator Generally the internal transfer relays of the slaves close only if the internal relay of the master is closed. Plants with master and slave unit on one battery (cluster operation) will keep on working if one slave fails. If the master fails, the whole cluster stops its operation.
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC Cable lengths and cross-sections Use the same cable lengths and cable cross-sections when installing the Sunny Island with the generator. 14.1.2 Generator Start Options The Sunny Island supports the following options for starting the generator which can be set in standby mode with the "234.
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources GenReq signal The GnReq signal (see Section 15 "Relays", page 140) is set for signaling the generator request and can thus be used as an alarm contact (in this case: a bulb). If no request is pending, the signal is reset. If an internal request is sent while the generator is already running, the signal is disabled until the generator is externally stopped and the stop time has expired (30 seconds).
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC The following figure shows the wiring for a generator capable of autostart: If the generator is started manually in this operating mode, the Sunny Island detects the running generator and connects once the warm-up time has expired. If the generator is externally stopped, this is detected, the generator is disconnected and the stand-alone grid is continued to be supplied.
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources 14.1.4 Manual Generator Operation The manual operating modes for the generator management are tripped using the "540.01 GnManStr" parameter. Here, a distinction is made between the following operating modes: Auto: In this operating mode, the generator is automatically started due to the settings. This includes the start via the state of charge or the load power or by the request for a manual equalization charge. ("520.01 ChrgSelMan" = Start).
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC Generator Interface "234.07 GnStrMod" = Autostart; Start at the Generator 1 Manual generator start 2 "Generator is running" detected, beginning of warm up phase 3 Warm-up phase completed 4 Generator is connected 5 Generator current limit 6 Current is reduced, battery absorption phase 7 Manual generator stop, disconnection of the generator 8 Generator is disconnected, beginning of stop time 9 End of stop time * Transfer relay 14.1.
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources The time intervals t1 and t2 are assigned charge states for start-up and stop with the "235.03 GnSocTm1Str", "235.04 GnSocTm1Stp", "235.05 GnSocTm2Str" and "235.06 GnSocTm2Stp" parameters. GnSocTm1Str designates the battery state of charge at which the generator is started during the t1 time and GnSocTm1Stp designates the state of charge at which the generator is switched off during t1.
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC Multi-phase system Only the total load power of all line conductors is monitored. Individual phases in a multi-phase system are not monitored. The load power is calculated using the Sunny Island power ("111.01 TotInvPwrAt" parameter) and generator power ("131.01 TotExtPwrAt" parameter). The following flowcharts provide an overview of the start/stop behavior of the Sunny Island during automatic generator operation: Generator Interface "234.
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources 14.1.6 Limits and Power Control The voltage limits can be set using the "234.01 GnVtgMin" and "234.02 GnVtgMax" parameters and the frequency limits for generator operation can be set using the "234.05 GnFrqMin" and "234.06 GnFrqMax" parameters. If the values are outside these permitted limits, the generator is disconnected. Slightly narrower limits apply to generator connection.
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC 14.1.7 Run Times If the generator is started (or the Sunny Island detects an external generator start), the warm-up phase starts. If, during this time, the voltage or frequency detected is not within the permissible range, the warm-up time begins again. If the generator cannot be connected at the GenMan within twice the time set at "234.12 GnWarmTm" + 2 minutes, the connection process is canceled and a new attempt is made.
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources The "133.03 GnRmgTm" display value is used to display the remaining time of the generator meter.
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC 14.1.9 Stopping the Generator If the generator was started via the Sunny Island (automatically or manually), it can be manually stopped at any time using the "540.01 GnManStr" parameter. This results in the generator being disconnected (the minimum run time is not taken into account here) and the after-run time (Cool) is skipped. Afterwards, the system enters the stop time (Lock).
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources 14.1.11 Disturbances Reverse Power If the reverse power ("234.13 GnRvPwr" parameter) set for the "234.14 GnRvTm" time is exceeded, the generator is disconnected and stopped. The power-down time (Cool, parameter "234.10 GnCoolTm") is skipped and the system transitions into the minimum stop time (Lock). After reverse power, connection is blocked for at least "231.03 ExtLkTm" or "234.09 GnStpTmMin".
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC 14.2.1 Limits of the Voltage Range and Frequency Range In order to operate on the grid, very strict limits (for voltage and frequency) must generally be maintained. These strict limits are not sensible for generator operation. The limits are therefore set separately for grid operation and the generator limits are not used.
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources 14.2.5 Grid Reconnection In stand-alone grid operation, the Sunny Island constantly checks whether the grid has been reconnected (see above). The following conditions have to be fulfilled to guarantee that the Sunny Island synchronizes with the transmission line and connects to the transmission line: • The frequency of the utility grid must be between the values of the parameters "232.05 GdFrqMin" and "232.06 GdFrqMax" for the time defined in the "232.
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC You can configure the Sunny Island in such a way that it charges its battery automatically via the grid as soon as the state of charge is low. To activate this function, set the "232.41 GdSocEna" parameter to "Enable" and the "560.01 GdManStr" parameter to "Auto." The Sunny Island connects to the grid, when the state of charge of its batteries lies within the limits determined by the following parameters: • "233.01 GdSocTm1Str" to "233.
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources Silent Mode In order to save energy, the silent mode can be activated using the "224.01 SilentEna" parameter set to "enable" (default disable). In this case, the Sunny Island is set to standby mode if the charge has been completed and the battery has been in float charge for some time (see Section 13.4.5 "Silent Mode", page 113). The silent mode is exited regularly to recharge the battery.
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC The following illustration shows the direction of energy flow for the "Net Metering" and the energy consumption from the utility grid. 14.2.7 Grid Failure A grid failure is characterized by the voltage or frequency being outside of the permissible limits (see Section 14.2.5 "Grid Reconnection", page 131) or the utility grid being disconnected.
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources 14.2.8 Disturbances Reverse Power If the defined reverse power ("232.09 GdRvPwr" parameter) is exceeded for the time "232.10 GdRvTm", the grid is disconnected. After reverse power, connection is blocked for at least "231.03 ExtLkTm". Grid Failure If a grid failure is detected (failure on the master line conductor), the grid is disconnected immediately. Grid Phase Failure The failure of a line conductor (e.g.
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC 14.2.10 Operation Together with PV Inverters and Wind Power Inverters Overload of the Sunny Island through high currents. Destruction of the Sunny Island. If the current via the relay exceeds the maximum permissible current, the Sunny Island disconnects from the grid (relay protection). • The quantity of PV power installed in the stand-alone grid must never exceed the maximum quantity allowed by the AC input (see Section 22 "Technical Data", page 225).
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources 14.3 Generator and Grid In addition to the utility grid, a generator can also be integrated into an off-grid system as a secondary protective measure. This is particularly useful in case of long-term grid failures, even if the battery capacity is no longer sufficient to bridge the failure after a period of time. The common solution in such cases is using a transfer switch which can be purchased as a manual or automatic switch.
14 Connecting External Sources SMA America, LLC The Sunny Island has one AC external source connection labeled AC2 Grid/Generator. With only one external connection, the DigIn input is used to distinguish between the generator or line voltage. If the DigIn input detects an open electric circuit, the Sunny Island is operated with grid parameters and can feed excess electric current into the utility grid.
SMA America, LLC 14 Connecting External Sources The signal circuit occupies two auxiliary contactors at the DigIn input: 1. Connect the negative pole of the DigIn connection on the Sunny Island to the negative pole of the BatVtgOut connection, also located on the Sunny Island. 2. Connect the positive pole of the DigIn connection to a NO connection of an auxiliary contact of the transfer switch. 3.
15 Relays SMA America, LLC 15 Relays The Sunny Island offers you several options for the control of internal and external processes. For this purpose, two relays are integrated into the device, to which you can assign functions using the parameters "241.01 Rly1Op" and "241.02 Rly2Op" (see Section 6.4.4 "Multifunction Relay 1 and 2", page 55). The different settings have the following meanings: Function/ Setting Meaning Function description Off Off Relay remains permanently switched off (deactivated).
SMA America, LLC 15 Relays Function/ Setting Meaning Function description Error Error Sunny Island has a fault; in case of fault, contact is open (relay is deactivated). If the autostart is activated, the error status will be left within 15 s and restart triggered. If the start is unsuccessful this procedure will be repeated until the autostart counter has expired. Warn Warning The Sunny Island has warning pending. If the warning disappears, the "Warning" state is exited.
15 Relays SMA America, LLC Function/ Setting Meaning Function description CHPAdd Request additional CHP plant Request of additional CHP plant through the CHP plant control SiComRemote Remote control via SI Com module. The relay can be controlled remotely via the SI Com module. Overload When using the output limitation of the Sunny Island (temperature-dependent), the relay will be opened.
SMA America, LLC 16 Multicluster Operation 16 Multicluster Operation 16.1 Communication between the Sunny Island inverters For increased output, up to four Sunny Island clusters can be interconnected to form a Multicluster system. A Multicluster Box for Sunny Island 4548-US / 5048-US /6048-US (MCB-12U) is necessary for such systems. Within each cluster, a data cable connects the master to the slaves. Each cluster is connected to the others via another data cable, connected to the respective master.
16 Multicluster Operation SMA America, LLC RJ45 cable The RJ45 data cable is a standard Cat5e-FTP cable (simple shielding), with gold contacts. Each Multicluster Piggy-Back (MC-PB) is delivered with one yellow and one gray RJ45 data cable and two plugs (terminators). You require the yellow cable to establish communication between the master of the main cluster and the masters of the extension clusters.
SMA America, LLC 16 Multicluster Operation 16.2 Initial Start-Up of the Multicluster System Possible load shedding during initial start-up of a multicluster system Unwanted load shedding can occur during the initial start-up of a multicluster system. The possible causes of this can be a too-low state of charge of the battery or a still too inaccurate charge level calculation in the Sunny Island. • Disconnect all loads before the initial start-up of a multicluster system.
16 Multicluster Operation SMA America, LLC 16.3 Switching a Multicluster System On and Off 16.3.1 Activation/Startup Switching on a Multicluster system can only take place at the master of the main cluster. The extension clusters will be started automatically after starting the main cluster. To do this, the DC circuit breakers of all Sunny Islands in the extension cluster must be set to "ON". Proceed as follows: 1.
SMA America, LLC 16 Multicluster Operation 16.3.3 Load Shedding in a Multicluster System The load-shedding contactor in the Multicluster Box is controlled depending on the state of charge of the batteries. Significance of the SOC limiting values: When the state of charge of a battery reaches the lower SOC limiting value, the load-shedding contactor is opened. The state of charge of the battery of the main cluster and the states of charge of the batteries of the extension clusters are evaluated.
16 Multicluster Operation SMA America, LLC Nominal capacity of the battery storage systems Ideally, the various battery storage systems should all have the same nominal capacity. If the nominal capacity varies by up to 30%, a similar average state of charge is ensured via the equalization function. However, the smallest battery is then cycled more intensively. The nominal power and overload capacity are no longer the value of an individual device multiplied by the number of devices.
SMA America, LLC 16 Multicluster Operation 16.9 Error Handling in the Multicluster System For Multicluster system operation, the entire main cluster is always required. If a device in the main cluster fails (master and/or slave), this causes the main cluster to stop. If the main cluster is stopped — whether due to a fault, or otherwise — this causes the extension clusters to stop, and thus the entire Multicluster system.
17 PV Inverters SMA America, LLC 17 PV Inverters The following section provides information on the connection and configuration of the Sunny Boy inverter in stand-alone grid systems. The Sunny Island together with the Sunny Boy inverter are optimized for back-up operation (grid-tied) and for "Off-Grid" use. This section describes the parameter setting of the Sunny Boy for both kinds of application. In backup operation, the "Default" parameter has to be set to "UL 1741".
SMA America, LLC 17 PV Inverters 17.2 Setting of the Off-Grid Parameter Danger to life due to backfeed into the utility grid in the event of grid failure. Once you set the Sunny Boy to stand-alone grid parameters, the device no longer complies with IEEE 929 and the IEEE 1547. • Observe the locally applicable regulations. • Consult the responsible power supply company. Controlled battery charging is needed in an off-grid configuration. Therefore Sunny Boy inverters can reduce their feed-in power.
17 PV Inverters SMA America, LLC PV inverters Parameters "Default" "CntrySet" "BackupMode" "Op.
SMA America, LLC 17 PV Inverters Stand-Alone Grid With or Without Generator PV inverters Parameters "Default" "CntrySet" "BackupMode" "Op.
17 PV Inverters SMA America, LLC The "OffGrid" parameter setting automatically sets the following Sunny Boy parameters to the values below: No. Parameter Short descr. Value 1 Test current mA Off (MSD = 0) 2 Vac.Min V –12% VAC Nom* 3 Vac.Max V +10% VAC Nom* 4 Fac-delta– Hz –3.0 (starting from the base frequency f0) Hz +3.
SMA America, LLC 17 PV Inverters This function is shown in the following figure: The different settings have the following meanings: • f0 refers to the base frequency of the micro grid created by the Sunny Island. • fAC Delta– and fAC Delta+ refer to the maximum range in which the Sunny Boy is active relative to f0, 60 Hz.
18 Maintenance and Care SMA America, LLC 18 Maintenance and Care The Sunny Island has been constructed for low maintenance. Thus, the necessary work is limited to only a few points. 18.1 Enclosure Check that the Sunny Island enclosure is mechanically sound. If damage (e.g. cracks, holes, missing covers) endangers the operating safety, the Sunny Island must be deactivated immediately. Larger particles of dirt should be removed from the device with a soft brush or similar item.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists 19 Parameter Lists Only parameters in the menu branches "200 Settings" and "500 Operation" can be changed. All other values are only shown on the display of the SI 4548-US-10/6048-US-10. All menu items that can only be changed by the installer using a password are shaded in gray in the following tables. Menu structure depends on system configuration Depending on the set system configuration, individual menu items may be missing.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC No. Name Description 04 InvCur Current of the Sunny Island in A 05 InvFrq Frequency of the Sunny Island in Hz 06 InvPwrRt Reactive power of the Sunny Island in kVAr 07 Rly1Stt State of relay 1 08 Rly2Stt State of relay 2 Value clear text (No.) Explanation Off Relay open On Relay closed Off Relay open On Relay closed Value Explanation 113# Inverter Slave1 Meters No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No. Name Description 06 State of relay 1 on Off slave 1 On Relay closed State of relay 2 on Off slave 1 On Relay closed 07 Rly1SttSlv1 Rly2SttSlv1 Value Explanation Relay open Relay open 114# Inverter Slave2 Meters No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC No. Name Description 02 InvPwrAtSlv3 Active power of slave 3 in kW 03 InvVtgSlv3 Voltage of slave 3 in V 04 InvCurSlv3 Current of slave 3 in A 05 InvPwrRtSlv3 Reactive power of slave 3 in kVAr 06 Rly1SttSlv3 State of relay 1 on Off slave 3 On Relay closed State of relay 2 on Off slave 3 On Relay closed 07 Rly2SttSlv3 Value Explanation Relay open Relay open 19.1.2 Battery Meters (120#) No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No. Name Description 07 BatTmp Battery temperature in °C 08 RmgTmFul Remaining time until next full charge in days 09 RmgTmEqu Remaining time until next equalization charge in days 10 AptPhs Status of the absorption phase 11 BatSocErr Value clear text (No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC 133# Generator State No. Name Description Value clear text (No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists 134# Device Meters No. Name Description 01 ExtPwrAt Active power of the external source in kW 02 ExtVtg Voltage of the external source in V 03 ExtCur Current of the external source in A 04 ExtFrq Frequency of the external source in Hz 05 ExtPwrRt Reactive power of the external source in kVAr 135# Slave1 Meters No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC 138# Chp Meters (Combined Heat and Power) No. Name Description Value Explanation 01 State of CHP plant Idle Off Run Operation Lock Locked after operation ChpStt 02 ChpPwrAt Power of the CHP plant 03 ChpRmgTm Remaining time of the CHP plant (minimum run time) in hours, minutes and seconds 04 ChpStrRmgTm Remaining time of the power request of the CHP plant in hours, minutes and seconds 19.1.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No. Name Description 05 Sic1BatVtg Battery voltage of the first Sunny Island Charger in V 06 Sic1BatCur Battery current of the first Sunny Island Charger in A 07 Sic1HsTmp Heat sink temperature of the first Sunny Island Charger in °C 08 Sic1SWVers Software version of the first Sunny Island Charger 143# SIC50 2 No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC 145# SIC50 4 No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists 19.2.2 Battery Settings (220#) 221# Battery Property No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC #222 Battery Charge Mode No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No. Name Description Value Explanation Default value 12 Automatic equalization charge Disable Disable Enable Enable Enable Value Default value AutoEquChrgEn a #223 Battery Protection No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC #224 Battery Silent Mode No. Name Description 01 Silent mode on the Disable grid Enable SilentEna Value Explanation Default value Disable Disable Enable 02 SilentTmFlo Maximum time for 1 h to 48 h float charge until transfer into silent 3h 03 SilentTmMax Maximum time for 1 h to 168 h silent until transfer into float 12 h 225# Battery Current Sensor No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists 19.2.3 External Settings (230#) 231# Ext General No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists 233# Grid Start No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC 234# Generator Control No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No. Name Description Value Explanation Default value 15 GnCtlMod Generator regulation Cur Current Cur CurFrq Frequency 20 GnAlSns AI sensitivity Low Low Medium Medium Normal Normal High High Normal 235# Generator Start No.
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SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No. Name Description 17 18 19 GnTmOpCyc GnStrChrgMod GnStrDigIn Explanation Default value Repeat cycle of the Single time controlled Daily generator Weekly operation One-time Single Generator start for Off charge type Full off Generator start upon signal at activated digital input.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC 236# CHP Control (Combined Heat and Power) No. Name Description Value Explanation Default value 01 ChpOpTmMin Minimum run time of CHP plant 60 min 02 ChpStpTmMin Minimum stop time of CHP plant 10 min 03 ChpPwrMax Maximum power of CHP plant 5 kW 04 ChpPwrMin Minimum power of CHP plant 2 kW 05 ChpFrqPwrMax Maximum frequency of CHP plant 51 Hz 06 ChpFrqPwrMin Minimum frequency of CHP plant 52 Hz 07 ChpFrqOff 53 Hz 237# CHP Start No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC 19.2.4 Relay Settings (240#) 241# Relay General No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC 242# Relay Load No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No. Name Description 11 Time 1 for Loadshed 2 in hours, minutes and seconds Lod2Tm1Str Value Explanation Default value Value Explanation Default value Begin: Time 1, End: Time 2 12 Lod2Tm2Str Time 2 for Loadshed 2 in hours, minutes and seconds Begin: Time 2, End: Time 1 243# Relay Timer No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC No. Name Description 07 RlyTmr2Dur Running time for relay control timer 2 in hours, minutes and seconds 08 RlyTmr2Cyc Repetition cycle time for timer 2 Value Explanation Default value Single One-time Single Daily Daily Weekly Weekly 244# Relay Slave1 No.
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19 Parameter Lists No. Name 02 SMA America, LLC Description Rly2OpSlv1 Value Explanation Default value AcdCir Acid circulation Off MccBatFan Multicluster battery room ventilator MccAutoLod Loadshedding CHPReq CHP plant request CHPAdd Additional CHP plant request SiComRemote SI Com module Overload Overload Value Explanation Default value off Off 245# Relay Slave2 No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC No. Name Description 02 Function of relay 2 BatFan on slave 2 AcdCir Rly2OpSlv2 Value Explanation Default value Battery fan (room) Off Acid circulation MccBatFan Multicluster battery room ventilator MccAutoLod Loadshedding CHPReq CHP plant request CHPAdd Additional CHP plant request SiComRemote SI Com module Overload Overload Value Explanation Default value off Off 246# Relay Slave3 No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC No. Name Description 02 Function of relay 2 Run on slave 3 BatFan Rly2OpSlv3 Value Explanation Default value Operation Off Battery fan (room) AcdCir Acid circulation MccBatFan Multicluster battery room ventilator MccAutoLod Loadshedding CHPReq CHP plant request CHPAdd Additional CHP plant request SiComRemote SI Com module Overload Overload 19.2.5 System Settings (250#) No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No.
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SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists 19.3 Diagnosis (300#) 19.3.1 Inverter Diagnosis (310#) 311# System Total Diagnosis No. Name Description 01 EgyCntIn Energy absorbed in kWh 02 EgyCntOut Energy fed in kWh 03 EgyCntTm Energy metering run time in hours 312# Inverter Device Diagnosis No. Name Description Value clear text (No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC No. Name Description Value clear text (No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No. Name Description 05 Operating state of Operating slave 1 Warning OpSttSlv1 06 FwVer2Slv1 DSP firmware version of slave 1 07 FwVer3Slv1 OCU bootloader of slave 1 08 FwVer4Slv1 DSP bootloader of slave 1 Value Explanation Operation Warning Failure Error Value Explanation L1 Line conductor L1 L2 Line conductor L2 L3 Line conductor L3 314# Inverter Slave2 Diagnosis No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC 315# Inverter Slave3 Diagnosis No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists No.
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19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC 19.3.3 External Diagnosis (330#) 331# Grid Diagnosis No. Name Description 01 GdEgyCntIn Energy meter for grid feed-in in kWh 02 GdEgyCntOut Energy meter for power taken from the grid in kWh 03 GdEgyTmh Running time of grid energy meter in hours 04 GdOpTmh Operating hour meter for grid operation 05 GdCtcCnt Meter for grid connections 06 TotTmh Feed-in hours 332# Generator Diagnosis No.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists 19.4 Events, Warnings and Errors (History) 19.4.1 Failure/Event (400#) Observe the information on the menus "410# Failures Current", "420# Failure History" and "430# Event History" (see Section 10.9 "Display of Warnings and Failures", page 92). 19.5 Functions in Operation 19.5.1 Operation (500#) 510# Operation Inverter No.
19 Parameter Lists SMA America, LLC No. Name Description Value Explanation 07 Delete energy meter Inv Sunny Island CntRs Bat The value indicates Gn which energy Gd meter is to be deleted.
SMA America, LLC 19 Parameter Lists 540# Operation Generator No. Name Description 01 Manual generator Auto start Stop 02 GnManStr GnAck Error confirmation for generator fault Value Explanation Default value Automatic Auto Stop Start Starting Run1h Run for 1 h Ackn Failure confirmation 550# Operation MMC No.
20 Troubleshooting SMA America, LLC 19.6 Direct Access to the Parameters 19.6.1 Direct Access (600#) Observe the information for the direct accessing of the parameters (see Section 10.3 "Direct Access - Direct Access to the Parameters", page 82). 20 Troubleshooting In general the Sunny Island distinguishes between events and errors. • Events describe state changes or transient states (e.g. generator connection). • Errors describe states that are not permitted or are only permitted up to a certain rate.
SMA America, LLC 20 Troubleshooting 20.3 Master-Slave Handling Each device detects the errors separately and saves them. The slaves transmit their errors to the master. The master collects these error messages and enters the slave errors as warnings into its history. Example: Slave 1 has detected overtemperature. It enters this error in its history and reports it to the master, which also enters it as a warning into its failure history ("Menu 420# Failure History").
20 Troubleshooting SMA America, LLC Meaning of abbreviations "F" indicates an error, "W" a warning and "E" an event. In the event of a failure, and provided it is recorded, "!" is displayed for a failure that has occurred and "C" is displayed for a failure that has stopped. 20.6 Events The meanings of the events displayed by the Sunny Island are described in the following table: 20.6.1 Category INV Display no.
SMA America, LLC 20 Troubleshooting 20.6.2 Category BAT Display no.
20 Troubleshooting SMA America, LLC 20.6.5 Category REL Display no.
SMA America, LLC 20 Troubleshooting 20.6.6 Category SYS Display no. Description E705 Device start E706 Date, time changed E707 New system configured in QCG E708 Part 1 of firmware updated E709 Part 2 of firmware updated E710 Cluster firmware updated E711 MMC/SD card inserted E712 Parameters from MMC/SD card loaded E851 Sunny Island Charger #1 detected E852 Sunny Island Charger #2 detected E853 Sunny Island Charger #3 detected E854 Sunny Island Charger #4 detected 20.
20 Troubleshooting SMA America, LLC 20.8 Warnings and Error Messages The meanings of the warnings and errors displayed by the Sunny Island are described in the following table: 20.8.1 Category INV Display no.
SMA America, LLC 20 Troubleshooting 20.8.2 Category BAT Display no.
20 Troubleshooting SMA America, LLC Display no.
SMA America, LLC 20 Troubleshooting Display no. Level Description W341 1 Grid/generator disconnection due to voltage increase protection on slave 2 W342 1 Grid/generator disconnection due to voltage increase protection on slave 3 W343 1 Disconnection from the external source, because the relation of the external voltage to the battery voltage is too high. W344 1 Disconnection from the slave 1 external source, because the relation of the external voltage to the battery voltage is too high.
20 Troubleshooting SMA America, LLC 20.8.5 GRD Category Display no. Level Description W501 1 Grid reverse current prevented (quick grid disconnection) W502 1 Grid reverse current prevented (quick grid disconnection) on slave 1 W503 1 Grid reverse current prevented (quick grid disconnection) on slave 2 W504 1 Grid reverse current prevented (quick grid disconnection) on slave 3 W505 1 Feed-in current is greater than the nominal grid current (parameter "#232.
SMA America, LLC 20 Troubleshooting Display no.
20 Troubleshooting SMA America, LLC Display no.
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20 Troubleshooting SMA America, LLC Display no.
SMA America, LLC 20 Troubleshooting Why is it not possible to change the parameters? • Has the installer password been entered correctly? Check whether you are in "Installer Level" (see Section 10.5 "Entering the Installer Password", page 86). If necessary, repeat the calculation and entry of the password. • You are in the "100-Meters" (measuring data) main menu or in the "300-Diagnosis" (diagnosis) menu, for example. You can only read the data values shown here.
20 Troubleshooting SMA America, LLC What can I do when "MMC operation failed" appears on the display? • You wanted to perform an action using the SD card, but it failed (see Section 10.9 "Display of Warnings and Failures", page 92). Check the card (on your PC/laptop) and use a new SD card, if necessary. Why does my Sunny Island stay on even though I switched the DC circuit breaker to "Off"? • Your Sunny Island may be powered by the AC side.
SMA America, LLC 20 Troubleshooting What happens if the card inserted is not FAT16 formatted? • The Sunny Island displays the message "Incomp". Why does the generator and/or the grid not reconnect although the (voltage or frequency) limit for disconnection has not been exceeded? • The Sunny Island connects with a so-called hysteresis, i.e., the connection value is slightly below or above the disconnection value. These limiting values are preset ex-works.
20 Troubleshooting SMA America, LLC 20.10 What to Do during Emergency Charge Mode The Sunny Island cannot provide voltage with full amplitude with a deeply discharged battery and can no longer synchronize with an existing grid or generator. Using the emergency charge mode (ECM), it is possible to charge the batteries in current-controlled mode. To charge the batteries in the emergency charge mode, either bridge the AC1 with AC2 (for a stationary generator) or connect a portable generator directly to AC1.
SMA America, LLC 20 Troubleshooting 5. Use the down arrow key. ☑ The display on the right appears. 6. Press to confirm. 7. Press . ☑ The emergency charge mode is started. Interrupt the emergency charge mode, e.g. in order to refill diesel: 1. Press to stop the Sunny Island. ☑ The notification shown here is displayed. 2. Press and hold . ☑ The remaining time is displayed as a bar. ☑ The emergency charging mode is interrupted. The notification shown here is displayed.
21 Accessories SMA America, LLC 21 Accessories You will find the corresponding accessories and spare parts for your product in the following overview. If necessary, you can order these from SMA Solar Technology or your distributor. Designation Brief description BatFuse-B.01 (250 A) 2-pole LV/HRC battery fuse-switch-disconnector BATFUSE-B.01 of size 1 for 1 Sunny Island, 3 DC inputs (1 x battery and 2 x Sunny Island Charger), 1 X auxiliary voltage output with 8 A (not UL certified) BatFuse-B.
SMA America, LLC 22 Technical Data 22 Technical Data 22.
22 Technical Data Efficiency/Power consumption Maximum efficiency Efficiency > 90% CEC efficiency SMA America, LLC SI 4548-US-10 96% 5% Pnom to 120% Pnom 94.5% Efficiency curve Self-consumption with no load (in standby mode) 25 W (4 W) General Data Dimensions (W x H x D) 1 17/32 ft. x 2 ft. x 3/4 ft. (467 mm x 612 mm x 235 mm) Weight approx. 139 lb. (approx.
SMA America, LLC 22 Technical Data Interfaces SI 4548-US-10 Number of LEDs 2 Number of buttons 4 Display 2-line display Multifunction relay 2 Communication RS485, galvanically insulated (optional) Memory card SD card Digital input level (Dig-In) High level from 5 V (up to 63 V), low level 0 V to 2 V Load limits for multifunction relays 1 and 2 AC: 6 A at at 250 V DC: see graphic Load limitation curve 22.
22 Technical Data SMA America, LLC Output Data SI 6048-US-10 Continuous AC power at 104°F (40°C) Pnom 4,700 W AC power at 104°F (40°C) for 3 hours P3h 5,000 W Continuous AC power at 122°F (50°C) Pnom 3,500 W Continuous AC power at 140°F (60°C) Pnom 2,200 W Nominal AC current IAC, nom 48.
SMA America, LLC Efficiency/Power consumption Maximum efficiency Efficiency > 90% CEC efficiency 22 Technical Data SI 6048-US-10 96% 5 to 120% Pnom 94.0% Efficiency curve Self-consumption with no load (in standby mode) 25 W (< 4 W) General Data Dimensions (W x H x D in mm) 1 17/32 ft. x 2 ft. x 3/4 ft. (467 mm x 612 mm x 235 mm) Weight approx. 139 lb. (approx.
22 Technical Data Interfaces SMA America, LLC SI 6048-US-10 Number of LEDs 2 Number of buttons 4 Display 2-line display Multifunction relay Communication Memory card Digital input level (Dig-In) Load limits for multifunction relays 1 and 2 2 RS485, galvanically insulated (optional) SD card High level from 5 V (up to 63 V), low level 0 V to 2 V AC: 6 A at at 250 V DC: see graphic Load limitation curve 230 SI4548_6048-US-TB_en-13 Technical description
SMA America, LLC 23 Glossary 23 Glossary Absorption phase Constant voltage phase: A charging phase using constant charging voltage. The charging current constantly decreases in this phase. AC Abbreviation for "Alternating Current" AC coupling The AC side connection between loads, generators and storage devices. AGM battery Absorbent glass mat separator battery. This is a battery where the electrolyte (a mixture of water and sulfuric acid) is bound to a glass fiber mat.
23 Glossary SMA America, LLC Battery charge mode A battery inverter operating mode, in which the inverter takes energy from the AC grid to recharge the battery in a controlled fashion. In this operating mode, the off-grid inverter is responsible for correctly charging the batteries and acts like an independent battery charger. Battery management The battery management is responsible for optimal battery storage system charging and reliable protection against deep discharge.
SMA America, LLC 23 Glossary Constant current phase I-Phase: The charging phase in which charging can be done using the maximum allowable charging current. C rate The nominal capacity specification is always provided with the discharge time on which the capacity is based. The nominal capacity is the product of the constant charging current IN and the discharge time tN, which passes between commencement of discharging the fully charged battery and when the final cut-off voltage VS is reached.
23 Glossary SMA America, LLC Firmware Firmware is software that is stored in a chip in various electronic devices, such as Sunny Island, hard disk recorders, DVD burners and players, newer television sets, household appliances and computers — in contrast to software that is stored on a hard drive, CD-ROM or other media. These days, firmware is usually stored in Flash memory or an EEPROM chip.
SMA America, LLC 23 Glossary Inverter mode Operating mode of a battery inverter where it supplies the stand-alone grid from the battery energy. In this operating mode, the off-grid inverter is especially responsible for the control of frequency and voltage in the stand-alone grid. Maximum Power Point "MPP" The operating point (current/voltage characteristic curve) of a PV array where the maximum power can be drawn. The actual MPP changes constantly depending e.g.
23 Glossary SMA America, LLC Parallel connection Parallel connection of the batteries (all positive poles connected and all negative poles connected) increases the capacity of the battery storage system while keeping the voltage constant. Example: Two 24 V/100 Ah batteries connected in parallel still have a voltage of 24 V, however, a capacity of 100 Ah + 100 Ah = 200 Ah. Piggy-Back (Board) A printed circuit board that is plugged into another board to increase performance or expand capabilities.
SMA America, LLC 23 Glossary PV module Electrical connection of several PV cells encapsulated in an enclosure to protect the sensitive cells from mechanical stress and environmental influences. PV plant Describes a PV plant for generating electrical power. Describes the totality of components required for the exploitation and utilization of solar energy. In grid-tie plants this includes not only the PV array, but also the inverter, e.g. Sunny Boy or Sunny Mini Central.
23 Glossary SMA America, LLC Split-phase A split-phase system is a three-conductor single-phase distribution system, commonly used in North America, the UK, Australia and New Zealand for single-family residential and light commercial (up to 100 kVA) applications. Its primary advantage is that it saves conductor material since a single-phase system with one neutral conductor is used, while on the supply side of the distribution system only one line conductor is necessary.
SMA America, LLC 24 Contact 24 Contact If you have technical problems concerning our products, contact the SMA Service Line.
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