Installation manual Simrad transducers Installation principles and guidelines www.SIMRAD.
Echo sounder transducers Installation manual This document provides a generic description of echo sounder transducer installation. The information must be regarded as general guidelines and recommendations only. The installation shipyard must design and manufacture installation hardware to fit each individual transducer and vessel.
Document history Document number: 851-160164 / ISBN-10: 82-8066-036-4 / ISBN-13: 978-82-8066-036-7 Rev.H September 2006 Converted to XML format. Chapters listing all Simrad transducers and their termination to the General Purpose Transceiver (GPT) are added. Several minor changes to other descriptions and illustrations. Interactive version on the document (CHM format) introduced. Copyright ©2006 Simrad Horten AS The information contained in this document remains the sole property of Simrad Horten AS.
Installation manual Table of contents INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 5 TRANSDUCER LOCATION .................................................. 6 Go deep.....................................................................................................................6 Vessel heave .............................................................................................................6 Noise from protruding objects on the hull.............................
Simrad Echo sounder transducers All 710 kHz transducers .........................................................................................49 GPT TRANSDUCER TERMINATIONS ................................. 51 Single beam, normal power transducer ..................................................................52 Single beam, high power transducer ......................................................................53 Dual beam (wide or narrow) transducer...............................................
Introduction INTRODUCTION The purpose of this installation manual is to provide generic descriptions and illustrations allowing the reader to understand the basic principles for echo sounder transducer installation. Note The information in this document must be regarded as general guidelines and recommendations only. The installation shipyard must design and manufacture installation hardware to fit each individual transducer and vessel.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers TRANSDUCER LOCATION A single answer to the question where to locate the transducer cannot be given. It depends very much on the vessel’s construction. However, there are some important guide lines. Go deep The upper water layers of the sea contain a myriad of small air bubbles created by the breaking waves. In heavy seas the uppermost 5 to 10 metres may be air-filled, with the highest concentrations near the surface.
Transducer location Boundary water layer When the vessel forces its way through the sea, the friction between the hull and the water creates a boundary layer. The thickness of the boundary layer depends upon vessel speed and the roughness of the hull. Objects protruding from the hull, and dents in the hull, disturb the flow and increase the thickness of the boundary layer. The flow in this boundary layer may be laminar or turbulent. A laminar flow is a nicely ordered, parallel movement of the water.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers outside the direct line of sight from the propeller are favourable. On small vessels with short distances it is advised to mount the transducer on that side of the keel where the propeller blades move upwards, because the propeller cavitation is strongest on the other side. The cavitation starts most easily when the water flows in the same direction as the propeller blade, and that is to some degree the case at that side of the keel where the propeller blades move downwards.
Transducer location A L (CD017004Q) B M General recommendation for transducer location: (A) = Transducer (B) = Inclination angle (L) = Hull length at water line (M) = Maximum 1/3 of the hull length at water line (L) (CD17004C) If the vessel hull has a bulbous bow, this may well be a good transducer location, but also here must be taken into consideration the flow pattern of the aerated water. Often the foremost part of the bulb is preferable.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers WAYS OF MOUNTING THE TRANSDUCER There are many different ways to mount the transducer.
Ways of mounting the transducer External mounting Certain transducers have a streamlined housing, and these are designed for installation outside the hull. These transducers are mainly used on smaller vessels. A location approximately 0.5 m aside from the keel may be adequate for the passage of water between the keel and the transducer. The figures illustrate external mounting of transducers on steel hulls and on wood or polyester hulls respectively.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Steel hull A fairing (A), made by the shipyard, is placed between the transducer and the hull. It is required in order to adapt for the deadrise angle of the hull, and it will also house a cable service loop (B). The fairing can be made of wood or steel, and should have the same outline dimensions as the transducer. Remember to create an air outlet (E) on the fairing, and to fill the bolt holes with a filling compound to ensure a smooth transducer surface.
Ways of mounting the transducer Wood or polyester hull A fairing (A), made by the shipyard, is placed between the transducer and the hull. It is required in order to adapt for the deadrise angle of the hull, and will also house a cable service loop (B). The fairing is made from wood, polyester or steel, and should have the same outline dimensions as the transducer. Use tarred felt (H) between the fairing and the hull.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Hull with flat bottom If the vessel’s hull is flat you do not need a fairing. The transducer is then be bolted directly to the hull using two bronze or stainless steel bolts (I) and a cable bushing. Note that the cable bushing must be mounted with proper gaskets (4) under and over the hull, as well as sealing compound (J) around its body. Also, fill the bolt holes with a filling compound to ensure a smooth transducer surface.
Ways of mounting the transducer Toe-in The primary consideration must be to allow laminar water flow. In most cases this is achieved by placing the transducer (A) parallel with the keel (C). However, if the transducer is located close to the bow, the front of the transducer may have a few degrees (5 to 8°) toe-in towards the bow. If you have a planing hull, the toe-in must be 0°.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Transducer blister With a transducer with circular housing, one recommended installation method is by using a blister. The transducer blister must be designed and manufactured by the installation shipyard to fit the vessel’s size and hull shape. Mounting and clamping rings Circular transducers may be provided with mounting and clamping rings, or with drawings to allow for local production of these.
Ways of mounting the transducer Example: Large transducer The illustration below shows a typical transducer blister designed for a large transducer. Note that due to the physical size of the transducer, a U-shaped support bar (E) is used to support the transducer. The purpose of this support is to prevent the transducer from being pushed up into the blister in heavy seas.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Example: Small transducer The illustration below shows a typical transducer blister designed for a small transducer. The same blister design principles as for a large transducer apply. E E A B F (CD017010B) G C D (A) = Streamlined blister (E) = Air outlet (B) = Mounting ring (F) = Forward (C) = Clamping ring (G) = Transducer cable (D) = Guide Note that the transducer cable must be provided with a cable loop inside the blister.
Ways of mounting the transducer Example: Medium sized transducer without clamping ring The illustration below shows a transducer blister designed for a medium sized transducers. The same blister design principles apply. Note that the transducer is mounted without a clamping ring, which makes it necessary to use a different mounting ring design.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Common guidelines The best performance is obtained with a blister height of 40 cm or more. A streamlined shape and rounded edges reduce the flow noise. A vertical leading edge or front will guide the aerated water to the sides of the blister. The orientation of the blister should follow the water flow. The interior of the blister must be filled with sea water. Use drainage holes in the bottom and an air outlet on the top.
Ways of mounting the transducer Observe the horizontal and vertical distances (X and Y) between the keel and the transducer blister. On a medium sized vessel, the horizontal distance (X) should be approximately 1 meter. The vertical distance (Y) must in general be as small as possible. This is important to prevent the keel from shadowing the transducer beam in shallow waters.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Box keel Vessels with a box keel may use this for transducer installation. The box keel is already the deepest part of the vessel. If the box keel is too narrow to accommodate the transducer, it can be widened, either symmetrically or to one side only. In the last case the installation could also be described as a blister merged into the keel.
Ways of mounting the transducer Example (CD17011A) The figure below illustrates a symmetrical box keel installation.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Flush mounting in a steel tank Flush mounting is used on very large vessels with a hull so deep that no air bubbles are found below the hull, and on vessels operating in shallow harbours or waters, where a protruding blister can not be accepted. The standard procedure for flush mounting on a steel vessel is to weld a steel tank inside the hull, and mount the transducer into this tank.
Ways of mounting the transducer Example Transducer mounting in a steel tank is shown in the figure below.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Acoustic window Vessels operating in arctic waters need special attention on transducer installation. Floating blocks of ice may damage even a flush mounted transducer face. For this situation Simrad offers arctic tanks in different sizes. Mounting and clamping rings Circular transducers may be provided with mounting and clamping rings, or with drawings to allow for local production of these.
Ways of mounting the transducer Example The transducer shown in the figure below is mounted inside the tank behind a strong acoustic window which could be made of polycarbonate. The tank is filled with oil.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Inside the hull The transducer can also be mounted inside the hull. An installation of the transducer inside the hull, and sounding through the hull, requires a good acoustic contact between the transducer face and the hull. Build a tank around the transducer and fill it with a liquid. Oil used in hydraulic systems is a well suited liquid for this purpose. It contains no gas bubbles and is non-corrosive.
Ways of mounting the transducer Example The transducer shown in the figure below is mounted inside the hull. The tank is filled with oil.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Drop keel The use of a drop keel with the purpose of stabilising the vessel is well known. A drop keel is also a superior platform for echo sounder transducers. Such instrument keels have been built, mainly on research vessels, often protruding as far as three meters below the hull. At that depth, the water is free of air bubbles up to very high sea states. The vessel is then able to perform reliable acoustic measurements in open sea a larger part of the year.
Ways of mounting the transducer Retractable transducer Hull units allowing the transducer to be lowered and hoisted are commonly used for horizontal looking sonars. When not in use, the transducer is retracted into a trunk. The retractable hull unit is more expensive than a blister, but on vessels with a hull where it is difficult or impossible to install a blister, it may still be worth while. The principles of a hull unit with a retractable transducer is shown below.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers CABLE GLANDS The transducer cable must pass through the hull using approved cable glands for the type of vessel in question. A steel cable gland is normally used on professional vessels with steel hulls. A bronze cable gland can be delivered as an option for vessels with wood or fibreglass hulls. Vessel not to be classified can as an option use a cable gland made of plastic.
Cable glands Cable gland for steel hulls This cable gland kit is designed for steel vessels. It must be welded to the hull plates. F ø35 A A ø65 B C D C E (CD17008A) (A) = Steel conduit (B) = Stuffing tube, DNV approved carbon steel st52.3 (C) = Washers (D) = Rubber gasket (E) = Packing nipple.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Cable gland for wood or GRP hulls A bronze cable gland kit is available for wood and GRP vessels. F A E B C B C D B C (CD17008B) (A) = Packing nipple.
Cable glands Cable glands for small hulls This cable glands made of plastic is designed for those smaller vessels that do not need to be classified. J A B A C D E (CD17008C) F G H I (A) = Packing nut (bronze). Ensure that you do not to damage the transducer cable by tightening the packing nut too hard! (B) = Rubber gasket (C) = Plastic disk (D) = Rubber gasket (E) = Stuffing tube (F) = Backing nut (bronze) (G) = Backing washer (plastic) (H) = O-ring 42.5 x 3.0 N (I) = O-ring 39.5 x 3.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Cable splicing If you need to cut or lengthen the transducer cable, you must splice it correctly. The cable between the junction box and the transceiver must then be supplied by Simrad, and this must be the same type as used on the transducer(s). Note Do not solder the wires together with only electrical tape for insulation, as this will result in electrical noise and reduced operational performance.
Steel conduit STEEL CONDUIT It is strongly recommended to lay a steel conduit from the transducer’s cable gland to the echo sounder transceiver, and to pull the transducer cable through this conduit. There are two reasons for this. • First, it will make it easier at a later stage to replace the transducer. • Second, noise and interference from other electrical equipment is greatly reduced. With a steel conduit the installation will satisfy the EU regulations for EMC interference.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers HANDLING AND MAINTENANCE Note Do not lift the transducer by the cable. Do not expose the transducer to direct sunlight. Do not expose the transducer to excessive heat. Some transducers are delivered with a cover plate on the face for protection during transport. Let this plate stay on as long as possible, but do not forget to remove it before the vessel goes into the sea. An anti-fouling paint may be applied to the transducer face.
Handling and maintenance Approved anti-fouling paints This is Simrad’s list of approved antifouling paints on polyurethane transducer housing. Jotun Head office address: P.O.Box 2021, N-3248 Sandefjord, Norway Website: www.jotun.com. 1 Racing 2 Non-stop 3 Safeguard Universal primer (125 micron) with Antifouling SeaQuantum Ultra (125 micron) 4 Antifouling Seaguardian International Marine Coatings Address: World-wide offices Wesite: www.international-marine.com.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers SIMRAD TRANSDUCERS This chapter presents a list of all the current Simrad transducers. For each transducer, information is provided to establish: • the transducer type and frequency • the opening angle(s) • the order number for the transducer • the order number for the transducer cable • how it is connected to the General Purpose Transceiver (GPT) unit This list was correct at the time of writing. However, new transducers are frequently added to the product range.
Simrad transducers All 12 kHz transducers The following 12 kHz transducers are available. Simrad 12-16/60 • Type and frequency: Single or dual beam, 12 kHz • Opening angle: 16° or 60° (Passive) • Typical applications: Fish finding, hydrographic and scientific echo sounders • Order number, transducer: KSV-089510 • Order number, transducer cable: 642-022491 • GPT connection: 12-16/60 transducer on page 62 All 18 kHz transducers The following 18 kHz transducers are available.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers • Order number, transducer: KSV-067159 • Order number, transducer cable: 642-022491 • GPT connection: Dual beam (wide or narrow) transducer on page 54 All 38 kHz transducers The following 38 kHz transducers are available.
Simrad transducers • Order number, transducer cable: 642-078215 • GPT connection: Split beam transducer on page 55 Simrad ES38B • Type and frequency: Split beam, 38 kHz • Opening angle: 7° • Typical applications: Fish finding and scientific echo sounders • Order number, transducer: KSV-074531 • Order number, transducer cable: 642-075072 • GPT connection: Split beam transducer on page 55 Simrad ES38DD • Type and frequency: Split beam, 38 kHz • Opening angle: 7° • Typical applications: Scientific echo soun
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Simrad 38/200 Combi W • Type and frequency: Dual frequency single beam, 38 and 200 kHz • Opening angle: 31 x 31° and 31 x 31° • Typical applications: Fish finding echo sounders • Order number, transducer: KSV-208845 • Order number, transducer cable: 642-078215 • GPT connection: Dual frequency, single beam transducer on page 58 All 50 kHz transducers The following 50 kHz transducers are available.
Simrad transducers Simrad 50/200 Combi C • Type and frequency: Dual frequency single beam, 50 and 200 kHz • Opening angles: 10 x 16° and 7 x 7° • Typical applications: Fish finding echo sounders, Catch monitoring systems • Order number, transducer: KSV-202193 • Order number, transducer cable: 642–078215 • GPT connection: 50/200 Combi C transducer on page 63 Simrad 50/200 Combi D • Type and frequency: Dual frequency single beam, 50 and 200 kHz • Opening angles: 10 x 16° and 7 x 7° • Typical applications:
Simrad Echo sounder transducers All 120 khz transducers The following 120 khz transducers are available.
Simrad transducers • Order number, transducer: KSV-110553 • Order number, transducer cable: 642-078215 • GPT connection: Split beam transducer on page 55 Simrad ES120-7G • • • • • • Type and frequency: Split beam, 120 khz Opening angle: 7° Typical applications: Scientific echo sounders Order number, transducer: KSV-112101 Order number, transducer cable: 642-078215 GPT connection: Split beam transducer on page 55 Simrad ES120-2,5x10 • • • • • • Type and frequency: Split beam, 120 kHz Opening angle: 2,5
Simrad Echo sounder transducers • Opening angle: 7° • Typical applications: Fish finding and hydrographic echo sounders • Order number, transducer: KSV-203378 • Order number, transducer cable: 642-016604 • GPT connection: Single beam, normal power transducer on page 52 Simrad 200-7F • • • • • • Type and frequency: Single beam, 200 kHz Opening angle: 7° Typical applications:Hydrographic echo sounders Order number, transducer: KSV-065414 Order number, transducer cable: 642-016604 GPT connection: Single bea
Simrad transducers • Order number, transducer cable: 642-016604 • GPT connection: Single beam, normal power transducer on page 52 Simrad ES200-7 • Type and frequency: Split beam, 200 kHz • Opening angle: 7° • Typical applications: Fish finding and scientific echo sounders • Order number, transducer: KSV-202718 • Order number, transducer cable: 642-075072 • GPT connection: Split beam transducer on page 55 Simrad ES200-7C • Type and frequency: Split beam, 200 kHz • Opening angle: 7° • Typical applications:
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Simrad 710-36E • Type and frequency: Single beam, 710 kHz • Opening angle: 2,8° • Typical applications: Hydrographic and scientific echo sounders • Order number, transducer: KSV-089292 • Order number, transducer cable: 642-016604 • GPT connection: Single beam, normal power transducer on page 52 50 851-160164/H
GPT transducer terminations GPT TRANSDUCER TERMINATIONS This chapter provides details cable drawings describing how the various Simrad transducers are connected to the General Purpose Transceiver (GPT) unit.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Single beam, normal power transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from a single frequency, single beam transducer to the transducer socket on the General Purpose Transceiver Unit (GPT). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer. Normal power output is achieved when the GPT is equipped with a single transmitter board.
GPT transducer terminations Single beam, high power transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from a single frequency, single beam transducer to the transducer socket on the General Purpose Transceiver Unit (GPT). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer. High power output is achieved when the GPT is equipped with four transmitter boards.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Dual beam (wide or narrow) transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from a single frequency, dual beam transducer to the transducer socket on the General Purpose Transceiver Unit (GPT). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer. Note Always check the transmit power if wide beam is selected in order not to exceed the power capacity on the transducer.
GPT transducer terminations Split beam transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from a single frequency, split beam transducer to the transducer socket on the General Purpose Transceiver Unit (GPT). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Split beam transducer to single beam transceiver This is the termination of the transducer cable from a single frequency, split beam transducer - wired as a single beam transducer - to the socket on the General Purpose Transceiver Unit (GPT). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer.
GPT transducer terminations Single beam transducer to split beam transceiver This is the termination of the transducer cable from a single frequency, single beam transducer to the socket on a split beam General Purpose Transceiver Unit (GPT). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer. B A M C L D K E Transducer cable F H J Junction Box (1:1) (Optional) Screen W802-9 Rev.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Dual frequency, single beam transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from a dual frequency, single beam transducer to the socket on the General Purpose Transceiver Unit (GPT). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer.
GPT transducer terminations Sidescan transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from two sidescan transducers (port and starboard) to the socket on the General Purpose Transceiver Unit (GPT). The other end of each cable is permanently fixed to the transducers. If only one sidescan transducer is used, connect is as a port side unit to terminals C and D on the GPT socket.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Deep water, split beam transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from a deep water transducer. This transducer is designed to be used on submergibles, for example towed arrays. The cable is equipped with a watertight connector. The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer.
GPT transducer terminations ES38–10 transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from the ES38–10 split-beam transducer to the transducer socket on the ES60 and EK60 General Purpose Transceiver Unit (GPT). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer. 2 3 B FWD 1 1 White Black 2 White Black 3 White Black M L D K E F H J Junction Box (1:1) (Optional) J H F E D C Screen W802-8 Rev.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers 12-16/60 transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from the 12–16/60 single or dual beam transducer to the transducer socket on the General Purpose Transceiver Unit (GPT). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer. Note Always check the transmit power if wide beam is selected in order not to exceed the power capacity on the transducer.
GPT transducer terminations 50/200 Combi C transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from the 50/200 Combi C transducer. The transducer cable is terminated in a Multi-Con-X connector manufactured by Conxall (www.conxall.com). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer. "Multi-Con-X" provided by www.conxall.com View: Looking into the socket on the rear side of the cabinet A small circular marker identifies pin 1.
Simrad Echo sounder transducers 38/200 Combi C transducer This is the termination of the transducer cable from the 38/200 Combi C transducer. The transducer cable is terminated in a Multi-Con-X connector manufactured by Conxall (www.conxall.com). The other end of the cable is permanently fixed to the transducer. "Multi-Con-X" provided by www.conxall.com View: Looking into the socket on the rear side of the cabinet A small circular marker identifies pin 1.
Index 12 kHz transducers Simrad 12-16/60, 41 120 khz transducers Simrad 120-25, 46 Simrad 120-2x50, 47 Simrad ES120-2,5x10, 47 Simrad ES120-4x10, 47 Simrad ES120-7, 46 Simrad ES120-7C, 46 Simrad ES120-7DD, 46 Simrad ES120-7F, 46 Simrad ES120-7G, 47 12–16/60 transducer connection, 62 18 kHz transducers Simrad 18–11, 41 Simrad ES18, 41 200 kHz transducers Simrad 200-28E, 48 Simrad 200-35F, 48 Simrad 200-7C, 47 Simrad 200-7F, 48 Simrad 200-7G, 48 Simrad ES200-7, 49 Simrad ES200-7C, 49 27 kHz transducers Simra
Simrad Echo sounder transducers Dual frequency transducer, 58 ES38–10 transducer, 61 single beam transducer, 52–53, 57 split beam transducer, 55–56 GPT connections, 51 GRP hull cable gland, 34 H Handling, 38 Heave vessel, 6 I Inclination angle, 8 Installation drawings, 5 hardware, 5 responsibility, 5 Introduction, 5 L Layer boundary, 7 Location recommendation, 8 transducer, 6 M Maintenance, 38 Mounting ring acoustic window, 26 blister, 16 box keel, 22 flush mounting, 24 inside hull, 28 N Noise air bub
Index Transducer ES70-11, 45 Transducer ES70-7C, 45 V Vessel heave, 6 W Water filled flush mounting, 24 Wooden hull external mounting, 13 851-160164/H 67
ISBN-10: 82-8066-036-4 ISBN-13: 978-82-8066-036-7 ©2006 Simrad Simrad Horten AS Strandpromenaden 50 P.O.Box 111 N-3191 Horten, Norway Telephone: +47 33 03 40 00 Telefax: +47 33 04 29 87 www.simrad.com simrad.sales@simrad.