User's Manual

Bridges Hardware Guide Silver Spring Networks 34
Glossary
static route A user-defined route between Access
Points, Relays, and meters. When you define a stat-
ic route, it overrides all network discovered routes.
See also network discovery.
substation A facility in an electricity distribution sys-
tem used for switching and / or changing or regulat-
ing the voltage of electricity. A substation is the
location where high voltage transmission lines con-
nect to switchgear and step-down transformers to
produce lower voltages at lower power levels for lo-
cal distribution networks.
switching station Facility equipment used to tie to-
gether two or more electric circuits through switch-
es. The switches are selectively arranged to permit
a circuit to be disconnected, or to change the elec-
tric connection between the circuits.
T
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Pro-
tocol. A suite of communications protocols used to
connect hosts on the Internet. TCP/IP is the defacto
standard for transmitting data over networks.
topology The physical layout of a distribution net-
work infrastructure with specific hierarchical identi-
fication of all components.
traceroute A networking utility to track the routes tak-
en by packets across a network. See also ping.
trap An asynchronous event, often in a managed
subsystem.
tunnel In networking, a tunnel allows the encapsula-
tion of the data of one protocol within another proto-
col. By using a tunnel, you can pass the
encapsulated data over an incompatible network or
provide security for transferring data over an un-
trusted network.
U
UTM Universal Transverse Mercator. The UTM sys-
tem divides the globe into 60 North-South zones,
each measuring six degrees wide in longitude.
Zones are numbered consecutively from West to
East. Positions on the globe are given by zone co-
ordinates, then the number of meters East (easting)
or West (westing) from the center of the zone, and
finally by the number of meters North (northing) or
South (southing) from the center of the zone. UTM
coordinates for the Golden Gate Bridge are zone 10
S, 545980m E. 4185742m N.
V
V Volts or voltage. See also kVA, kVAh, kVAR, and
kVARh.
VEE Validation, Estimation, and Editing. Software
tools that manage data collected from endpoints.
Verified Single Outage (VSO) A last gasp followed
by a measurable duration.
Voltage regulator An electrical device for regulating
the voltage through a circuit, to provide customers
with steady and consistent voltage flow. Normal
practice is to try to regulate voltage flow within nom-
inal 124Vac to 116Vac. An example of an RTU de-
vice.
W
WAN Wide Area Network. A dispersed telecommuni-
cations network. In contrast to a local area network
(LAN) or neighborhood area network (NAN), a WAN
often includes public networks. See also Local Area
Network and Neighborhood Area Network.
Work Order Management System (WOMS) In the
utility industry, a software application used to dis-
patch work crews to perform repairs. Such systems
are often integrated with outage management sys-
tems.
X
XML Extensible Markup Language. An standard,
structured file format for exchanging business data
over networks. Silver Spring exports interval data to
XML files, which can then be imported into back-
end business systems.
Z
zero crossing The event of standard AC line voltage
crossing the zero volt, or reference level, from pos-
itive to negative or negative to positive. An electric-
ity meter monitors its zero crossings and interprets
their absence as a loss of power.