Data Sheet

Bluegiga – A Silicon Labs Company 17
Antenna
The internal chip antenna on the BT121 uses the application board ground plane as part of the antenna, and
requires at least 20 mm of ground plane on both sides of the module to radiate with optimal efficiency. BT121
must be placed on the application board edge, preferably roughly in the middle of the board edge. The ground
plane can be internal to the application PCB, allowing components to be placed on both sides of the module
and on both sides of the application board. The module ground pads in the antenna end should be connected
to the main ground plane layer with vias in immediate proximity of the pins. Thermal reliefs on the ground pins
have a negligible effect on antenna performance. Typical antenna matching curves are shown in Figure 7
below.
Figure 7 Typical antenna matching
The antenna used on the BT121 is quite robust with regard to adverse effects of close-by metallic materials.
The PCB thickness will not affect the antenna operation significantly. The application board can be installed
with the PCB bottom side and the antenna edge directly against a plastic casing without adverse effects. On
the module top side, there should be at least 3 mm of clearance to the nearest object.
The antenna requires a 7.5 x 3.4 mm sized copper clearance in all layers, with no components or traces on
the opposite side of the PCB from the antenna. Sufficient metal clearance is mandatory because the antenna
will not function at all without a sufficient opening in the ground plane.
Any metal in close proximity of the antenna will prevent the antenna from radiating freely. It is recommended
not to place any metal or other conductive objects closer than 10 mm to the antenna except in the directions
of the application board ground planes.
A board cutout is not required for the antenna. In fact, a cutout would cause the antenna to be detuned which
in turn will degrade range significantly. The module is also not to be placed in a cut-out recess on the board
edge or in the middle of the board which has a central cutout.
On the following pages are examples on how plastic or metal sheets in several different orientations and
distances to the antenna effect antenna matching.
Violet curve: with thermal reliefs
Blue curve: without thermal reliefs