Table of Contents SECTION 1 Overview.................................................................... 5 Document Conventions ................................................................................5 Audio Processor Features............................................................................6 DFR22 Software Minimum Requirements ....................................................7 Interface Modes............................................................................................
Table of Contents SECTION 4 Preset and Device Management ......................... 28 Preset Files ................................................................................................28 Saving a New Preset to Your Computer .......................................................... 28 Revising Preset Files .......................................................................................... 28 Device Presets ...............................................................................
Table of Contents Ducker ........................................................................................................73 Gate/Downward Expander ..................................................................... 76 Graphic Equalizer.......................................................................................79 Parametric Equalizer ..................................................................................82 Working with Filters ...............................................
SECTION 1 Overview The DFR22 Audio Processor with Feedback Reduction is a 2-input, 2-output digital audio processor. It is ideal for installed sound reinforcement applications, such as houses of worship, theaters, and meeting facilities. The DFR22 is also a powerful setup tool in live music applications. Using the DFR22's drag-and-drop graphical user interface, processors can be placed anywhere in the signal path.
Audio Processor Features Audio Processor Features The DFR22 is a 2-input, 2-output digital audio processor with a software interface and simple front panel controls, which stores 16 presets. It provides 24-bit conversion, 48khz sampling and a minimum dynamic range of 100dB. Drag and Drop Software Interface The computer interface to the Audio Processor mimics the functional block diagrams used in sound system design.
DFR22 Software Minimum Requirements DFR22 Software Minimum Requirements The DFR22 Software Version 3 requires a PC with the following specifications to function properly: • • • • 20 MB available hard disk space CD-ROM drive VGA monitor with 640 x 480/256 color, or higher resolution Mouse or other pointing device Processor speed and memory requirements vary, depending on the version of Windows and number of background applications you are running.
The Main Window The Main Window This window, shown below in Figure 1-1, is your primary work space in the software interface. You can size it proportionally larger, or maximize it to take up your entire screen. Closing this window exits the application. 1 2 3 4 5 FIGURE 1-1: Main Window 1. 2. Title Bar: Displays device-specific information in Live Mode. Refer to the section below for further description. Signal Flow Diagram: The space in which you create presets.
The Main Window Control Bar This section of the window changes in appearance and function depending on the operating mode in which you are working, as illustrated below. Design Mode: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Live Mode: 9 10 Preview Mode: 11 FIGURE 1-3 Control Bar 1. [Live Mode] Button: Click this button to switch to Live Mode, which enables you to preview and edit any preset currently stored in the hardware. Your computer must be connected to the DFR22 to enter this mode. 2.
The Main Window Mode Indicator This displays the current mode of the signal flow diagram, as illustrated below. Design Mode Live Mode Preview Mode Input and Output Channel Strips These strips are graphic representations of the input and output channels of the DFR22. They contain the gain and mix blocks that make up the gain structure of the device, as explained in the Gain Structure section on page 17.
The “Processor Toolbox” Status Bar This is the bottom section of the “Main Window.” 1 2 4 3 FIGURE 1-5: Status Bar 1. Mute Inputs: Click this control to instantly mute both placed in the signal flow diagram. The meter displays a green bar that expands as DSP usage increases input channels. 2. Mute Outputs: Click this control to instantly mute both output channels. 3.
SECTION 2 Start-up Guide The Start-Up Guide covers the basic steps required for complete set up of the Audio Processor. Before attempting to follow these instructions, you should familiarize yourself with the Overview section, which introduces some basic features of the software interface. You can perform many of these steps without actually being connected to the device, by saving your presets to the computer and transferring them to the hardware at a later time.
Configure External Control 4. Click the [Live Mode] button on the Control Bar 5. Name the Device a) Select [Devices>Name Device] from the main menu. b) The “Name Device” dialog appears, as pictured in Figure 2-2. c) Enter a device name up to fifteen characters long and click [Name]. d) The device name appears on the title bar of the main window when you are in Live Mode, and is listed in the [Devices] menu.
Create a Preset Template Create a Preset Template This can be done in either Live Mode or Design Mode. When you are storing multiple presets in the Audio Processor, you will save considerable time by creating a preset template that contains the attributes that will be common among them. This template can then be recalled from the device or opened from a PC, revised as necessary, then stored in the device each time as a new preset. 1.
Manage Your Presets are listed in a column under each connection block. Click the checkbox next to each input or output channel you wish to map to the control connections. For more information, refer to the “Processor Mapping” section on page 95. 9. Lock Processors for Read-Only Access This step is applicable only when you are customizing security for end users accessing the DFR22 from the software. This type of security is stored with each processor, at the preset level.
Establish Security Establish Security This is the final step in setting up the device. Before continuing, you should thoroughly read the Security section on page 98. These instructions are intended only as an overview of the process. 1. Go Live with the DFR22 You must be in Live Mode to set device security. If you are in Design Mode, click the [Live Mode] button on the control bar of the main window. 2.
Creating a Preset SECTION 3 A preset is a unique combination of signal routing connections, the variety and placement of modular processors, and the processors’ settings. You create the configuration in the signal flow diagram of the main window, and either save it as a preset in the device, or save it to the computer as a file that you can send to the device later.
Signal Flow Configuration 3) Output Gain This is the final stage of gain control in the Audio Processor. Double-click on any output gain block to open the “Output Gain” processor window. It provides output sensitivity, gain, polarity control, and an optional 12 dB and 18 dB pad for each channel. This window also allows you to specify custom names for your output channel strips.
Signal Flow Configuration 4. Type in a new label of no more than fifteen characters. 5. Apply the changes by clicking on another control or closing the window. Signal Routing The DFR22 allows you to route signal from either of the two inputs to either or both of the outputs. In order for signal to pass from the input channel strips to the output channel strips, it must be routed through the matrix mixer. You can connect inputs to outputs using any of the methods described below.
Processor Configuration Naming a Preset Since you can store up to 16 different presets in the DFR22, it can be helpful to differentiate them with a name and a brief description. The information box in the center of the control bar of the main window displays these details, as pictured below in Figure 3-2. FIGURE 3-2: The Information Box The name you enter here becomes both the name of the preset when you store the configuration to the device, and the name of the file when you save it to PC.
Processor Configuration Adding Modular Processors Each channel strip has a row of empty slots that can contain any of the modular processor blocks. Except for the crossover, subwoofer, splitter, and ducker, there are no restrictions on where processors can be placed on the signal flow diagram, or how many times you can use a given processor on the same channel strip. Empty slots between processors do not affect the signal flow, so blocks do not have to be adjacent on the channel strips.
Processor Configuration To add multiple processor blocks at once: 1. Ctrl + Click to select multiple empty slots. 2. Use the right-click contextual menu to select a processor. - OR Use the [Processor>Add] option on the main menu bar. 3. The processor will populate all the slots that you selected. Stereo Processors Stereo processors are placed in the signal flow diagram in much the same way as the other modular processor blocks. However, each of the stereo channels appears as a separate block.
Processor Configuration Replacing Processors Only one processor block at a time can occupy a given slot. To replace an existing processor with another, first delete it from the slot then add the new processor using any of the methods described above. The Crossover, Splitter, and Subwoofer Since they are output processors, the crossover, splitter, and subwoofer can only be placed on output channel strips.
Processor Configuration Linking You can link multiple processor blocks of the same type in order to control them as one. Changes made in the processor parameter window of any block in a link group will simultaneously change the settings of every other block in that group. There are a few activities, however, that will still function independently on linked blocks: • • • Delete, Copy, Cut and Paste, Moving the block to a different slot or channel strip, Naming the processor parameter window.
Processor Configuration To add blocks to an existing link group: 1. Click to select a processor block, or Ctrl + Click to select multiple blocks. 2. Select [Processor>Link>Add To] from the main menu, or [Link>Add To] from the right-click contextual menu. 3. The “Add to Link Group” dialog appears, as shown in Figure 3-5. It lists only the link groups that contain processors identical to the selected block. 4. Select a link group. 5.
Processor Configuration For example: when you place a ten-band parametric EQ on a channel strip, you will instantly allocate the processing power required by all ten filters, even if you are only using four of them. The PEQ5 would be the best choice, in this instance. Delay Memory The DFR22 has a memory buffer that will hold up to 10 seconds of delay time, which you can divide among any combination of delay processors.
Default Presets Default Presets To help you get started with basic configurations, the DFR22 comes loaded with three default presets. These presets are also listed in the [File>New] sub-menu, so you can use any of them as a template to create a new preset. Note: You should either lock out the front panel preset selector or delete the default presets in the device that you are not using so end users do not access them by mistake.
Preset and Device Management SECTION 4 In Design Mode after you create a preset, you can save it either to the computer, or to the device, depending on whether or not you are connected to the DFR22. At any time, one and only one preset is active in the DFR22. This preset is referred to as the live preset. When you are in Live Mode, the preset you are viewing or modifying is the current live preset.
Device Presets Device Presets The DFR22 can store 16 presets in its device memory. Once presets are stored in the device, they can be renamed, deleted, or backed up as a set. Store a Preset in the Device When you are connected to the device, in Design Mode you can store new presets in the device, or open existing preset files and store them to the device. To store a preset in the device: 1.
Device Presets Rename a Preset After you have stored a preset in the device, you can change its name and description in Live Mode. You can also change the name of a preset stored to PC in Design Mode. To rename a preset stored to the device: 1. Click on the [Live Mode] button on the control bar. 2. Select the preset you wish to rename from the pull-down menu in the information box on the control bar. 3. The main window will enter preview mode for the selected preset. 4.
Device Backup Device Backup You can backup all presets and settings stored in the device to a single archive, and restore this backup set to the device at a later date. You must be in Design Mode to restore a backup. To backup all presets in the device: 1. Select [File>Backup Device] from the main menu. 2. If the “Select Devices” dialog appears, select from the list of available devices and click [Connect]. 3. The “Save As Backup” dialog appears, as pictured on the right in Figure 4-5. 4.
The Devices Menu The Devices Menu Shure Link Application List This lists all the Shure Link software installed on your computer. To switch to another application, simply select it from the menu and the application will launch in Design Mode. Global Preset Mode When Global Preset Mode is enabled on each Shure Link device on the network, a preset change on one device will change presets on all of them. A check mark appears next to this menu command when it is active for the DFR22.
Processor Features SECTION 5 This section describes software features that are common among many of the processor parameter windows. For features specific to the individual processors, refer to the Fixed Processors section on page 40 and the Modular Processors section on page 46. Faders Faders appear in many of the processor windows, as in the example pictured in Figure 5-1, below on the right.
Saving and Recalling Settings Spin Buttons Spin buttons appear next to all value boxes. They provide a convenient way to increment the setting without having to type in a specific value. To set the value with spin buttons: • • Click on the up or down spin button to increment the level +/– 0.5 dB. Click and hold on a spin button to scroll the level up or down. As you hold longer, the scrolling will accelerate.
Snapshots Snapshots The snapshot feature is available in any processor parameter window that has a response curve or transfer curve graph. It allows you to capture an image of the current curve, then display it for reference purposes as you revise the processor settings. The processor remembers this snapshot until you take a new one in the same processor window, or quit the application.
Importing ASCII Files Importing ASCII Files EQ processor windows and the combined response window can display data contained in an ASCII file, as shown in the following illustration of a “PEQ10+CS” window. FIGURE 5-5: ASCII File Import Use the ASCII file import feature to display frequency vs. magnitude information measured in Smaart or TEF. By inverting the data, you can use the display as a visual guide when setting EQ parameters.
Importing ASCII Files TEF Files To export a measurement using TEF TDS software: 1.Select 2.Enter 3.In [File>Save] from the TEF TDS application menu. file information, and click [Save]. the “Save TDS File” window, select “ASCII” as the file type. Import Controls and Features Import Click this button to import ASCII files from either Smaart or TEF. When the “Open File” window appears, select the file you wish to import. The data from the imported file will be displayed in the Response Graph.
Combined Response Graph Combined Response Graph This window sums the response curves of processors in the selected signal path to better assist you in achieving an even room equalization. Access this window by selecting [View>Combined Response Graph] from the main menu. 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 FIGURE 5-6: “Combined Response Graph” Window Window Features 1) Input Strip Selector Your input strips are listed here, named as they are in the signal flow diagram.
Combined Response Graph 4) Snapshot This feature allows you to freeze an image of the current combined response curve by clicking the [TAKE] button and then display it in the background for comparison by clicking the [SHOW] button. The [SHOW] button appears lighted in green when the snapshot is displayed. For a more in-depth description of the snapshot feature, see the Snapshots section on page 35.
SECTION 6 Fixed Processors These processors make up the three different stages of the DFR22's Gain Structure (see page 17 for more on this topic). They are referred to as fixed processors because the gain and mix blocks in the signal flow diagram cannot be moved or deleted. Input Gain The “Input Gain” window contains individual controls for both input channels. Double-click on the gain block at the left end of either input channel strip to open this window, as pictured below in Figure 6-1.
Input Gain 3) Gain Controls Use these controls to adjust the signal level of each input channel. First select the fader knob, then adjust the level with the mouse, arrow keys, or specify a level in the value box. For complete instructions on their operation, see the Faders section on page 33. The adjustment range is from +10dB to –infinity dB, and the default setting is 0dB, or unity gain.
Matrix Mixer Matrix Mixer The “Matrix Mixer” window contains controls for mix point connections in the signal flow diagram, organized under separate window tabs for each output mix point. Double-click on either mix block to open this window, as pictured below in Figure 6-2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 FIGURE 6-2: “Matrix Mixer” Window 1) Window Tabs The window opens focused on the output pane for the mix block that you double-clicked. Click on either tab to access controls for the other output mix point.
Matrix Mixer 2) Input Selector Click this button to activate a connection from the corresponding input channel mix point in the signal flow diagram. The button appears lighted in green when a connection is activate. Controls for inactive inputs appear faded out. The default setting is inactive. Connection activate Connection inactive 3) Signal Polarity Normal polarity Inverted polarity Click this button to invert the polarity of the signal entering the matrix mixer point.
Output Gain Output Gain The “Output Gain” window contains individual controls for both output channels. Double-click on the gain block at the right end of either output channel strip to open this window, as pictured below in Figure 6-4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 FIGURE 6-4: “Output Gain” Window 1) Scaling Options Use these buttons to scale each output channel to match the output level of the equipment in line after the Audio Processor. Click to toggle between -10dBV or +4dBu levels. The default setting is +4dBu.
Output Gain 3) Gain Controls Use these controls to adjust the signal level of each output channel. First select the fader knob, then adjust the level with the mouse, arrow keys, or specify a level in the value box. For complete instructions on their operation, see the Faders section on page 33. The adjustment range is from +10dB to –infinity dB, and the default setting is 0dB, or unity gain. 4) Output Pads Click one of these buttons to attenuate the signal output by –12dB or –18dB.
Modular Processors SECTION 7 This section describes the features and controls specific to each of the processor block parameter windows. In some cases, several processor blocks share nearly identical controls, such as the downward expander and gate. In these instances, the processors are described as a group, using a single parameter window as the illustrated example. Control settings that are individual to one of the processors in the group are so noted in the description of those controls.
Automatic Gain Control (AGC) unchanged. The AGC only changes gain when it detects activity on its input. This prevents undesirable gain changes during pauses in program material. Parameter Window Features This section describes the features and parameter controls specific to the Automatic Gain Control processor, as pictured above in Figure 7-1. 1) Maximum Gain Line The greatest amount that the AGC will boost the signal is +12dB, as indicated by the maximum gain line.
Automatic Gain Control (AGC) Threshold Exceeded Indicator. Signal level has exceeded the threshold Signal level has not reached the threshold This indicator appears lighted in yellow when the input signal to the processor block exceeds the specified threshold Threshold This indicates the level the signal gain must reach before the processor increases it. Signal levels below the threshold are passed through the processor at unity gain.
Automatic Gain Control (AGC) Bypass Click to pass signal through without altering it. When bypass is active, the button appears lighted in red. The default setting is inactive. Bypass active Bypass inactive Snapshot This feature allows you to freeze an image of the current response curve by clicking the [TAKE] button and then display it in the background for comparison by clicking the [SHOW] button. The [SHOW] button appears lighted in green when the snapshot is displayed.
Compressor/Limiter Compressor/Limiter Compressors and limiters reduce the output level of the signal relative to the input level, once the input level exceeds a certain threshold. The Audio Processor provides the following types of compressors and limiters: Block Name Description COMP Compressor Sft COMP Soft Knee Compressor LIM Limiter Sft LIM Soft Knee Limiter ST COMP Sft ST COMP ST LIM Same as above: for use on two channels that are a stereo pair.
Compressor/Limiter The following types of processors are available in both limiters and compressors: • Soft Knee - These processors provide a gradual transition from uncompressed signal to compressed signal. They consume a higher percentage of total DSP than those without the soft knee option. • Stereo - These processors allow you to preserve a stereo image by placing two blocks that function as a single processor on two different channels.
Compressor/Limiter Threshold Exceeded Indicator Signal level has exceeded the threshold Signal level has not reached the threshold This indicator appears lighted in yellow when the input signal to the processor block exceeds the specified threshold Threshold This indicates the gain level the signal must reach before the processor begins compressing it. You can change the value by clicking on the spin buttons, typing in a specific value, or using the threshold slider above the transfer curve graph.
Compressor/Limiter Bypass Bypass active Bypass inactive Note: Click to pass signal through without altering it. When bypass is active, the button appears lighted in red. The default setting is inactive. When bypass is active in the Peak Stop Limiter, the 1 ms of delay is not bypassed Snapshot This feature allows you to freeze an image of the current response curve by clicking the [TAKE] button and then display it in the background for comparison by clicking the [SHOW] button.
Compressor/Limiter Stereo Processors The stereo processors have the same features and functionality as their mono counterparts, and include some additional features. • • Changes to settings of either of the two processor channels will be applied to the other channel as well. • • Dual transfer curve meters display the channel A input level in red and the channel B input level in blue. • There is a threshold exceeded indicator for both the A and B channels.
Crossover/Splitter/Subwoofer Crossover/Splitter/Subwoofer The crossover divides the frequency spectrum of the input signal into multiple bands, then outputs each band to a separate channel. The splitter distributes the input signal across two outputs without any further processing. The subwoofer is a single low pass filter. Because it is fully configurable, it can also be used as a bandpass or high pass filter.
Crossover/Splitter/Subwoofer Parameter Window Features This section explains the features and parameter controls of the crossover and subwoofer using the XOVER 2 as the example, as pictured above in Figure 7-5. The features of the subwoofer are identical, aside from the number of the pass band filters. The splitter has no parameter window, as it performs no processing of the signal; it simply routes it.
Crossover/Splitter/Subwoofer Set and Show Gains/Normalize Plot Toggle between these two buttons to alternately display the pass bands at their actual gain levels, and display them normalized. The default setting is [SET AND SHOW GAINS ON PLOT]. When the gain levels of pass bands are significantly different, the crossover point appears offset from its actual location, as illustrated in Figure 76.
Crossover/Splitter/Subwoofer Low Filter Type/Upper Filter Type This indicates the slope of the corresponding pass band corner. Select a value from the pulldown menu, as listed below. The default setting is 24dB/oct Linkwitz-Riley.
Crossover/Splitter/Subwoofer Keyboard Controls You can use keyboard controls to make fine adjustments to the handle positions in the response plotter. Click to select a handle, then use the following shortcuts.
Cut and Shelf Filters Cut and Shelf Filters Cut and shelf filters boost or cut the overall high and low frequency characteristics of a system, and roll off the high and low end of the frequency spectrum. Block Name Description CUT/SHELF High and Low Cut/High and Low and Shelf Filters 3 4 2 1 FIGURE 7-8: CUT/SHELF Window Function Use this processor when you need to combine cut filters with broad-spectrum high and low-end room equalization.
Cut and Shelf Filters 1) Response Graph This curve is a graphical representation of the combined results of the filter handles in the response plotter. Note: The curve does not reflect the accumulated effect of multiple processor blocks in the signal path. To view a combined curve, select [View>Combined Response Curve] from the main menu. For more information, refer to the Combined Response Graph section on page 38.
Cut and Shelf Filters Bypass Bypass active Bypass inactive Click to pass signal through without altering it. When bypass is active, the button appears lighted in red. The default setting is inactive. Snapshot This feature allows you to freeze an image of the current response curve by clicking the [TAKE] button and then display it in the background for comparison by clicking the [SHOW] button. The [SHOW] button appears lighted in green when the snapshot is displayed.
Cut and Shelf Filters Shift + ¯ or Page Down Spacebar or right mouse click Delete Note: Decreases gain by 3 dB Sets gain to 0 dB Resets selected filter(s) to default settings Nudging the frequency by one screen pixel changes the value by approximately 1/100 of an octave, or 1% Copy and Paste Filter handle settings can be copied and pasted between “Cut and Shelf” processor windows. To copy and paste filters: 1.
Delay Delay The delay processor temporarily stores the signal in delay memory, then passes it on after the specified interval has elapsed.
Delay Time Use this control to specify the delay in milliseconds. The range of values is between 0ms and the maximum delay time of the processor block, in this case 150ms. The default value is 0ms. Distance Use this control to specify the delay by distance. The range of values varies, depending on the maximum delay time, but the default is always zero. Select the appropriate unit of measure with the radio buttons to the right of the control.
Digital Feedback Reducer (DFR) Digital Feedback Reducer (DFR) The DFR uses Shure's patented Adaptive Notch Filter algorithm that can discriminate between feedback and non-feedback sounds. It automatically detects feedback and deploys narrow-band notch filters at the feedback frequencies. No sound system (the combination of microphones, mixing, signal processing, power amplifiers and loudspeakers) has an absolutely flat response.
Digital Feedback Reducer (DFR) Parameter Window Features This section explains the features and parameter controls of the digital feedback reducer using the DFR10 as the example, as pictured above in Figure 7-10. The features of the other DFRs are identical, aside from the number of notch filters available and stereo functionality. 1) Response Graph This curve is a graphical representation of the combined results of the processor's active notch filters (highlighted in yellow).
Digital Feedback Reducer (DFR) Bypass Click to disengage DFR notch filtering. Bypass also locks the DFR, preventing deployment of new filters. When bypass is active, the button appears lighted in red. The default setting is inactive. Bypass active Bypass inactive Clear Click this button to clear filter settings. It opens the “Clear” dialog (Figure 7-20 on page 85), which provides you with the option to clear all filter settings, or to clear only selected filter settings.
Digital Feedback Reducer (DFR) Link Indicator This displays the link status of the processor. Any setting you change in a linked processor will change for all other processors in the same link group. For a complete explanation of linking and link groups, see the Linking section on page 24. Processor Linked Processor Not Linked Basic DFR Setup The DFR (or any other feedback reduction processor) will not enable you to increase system gain beyond the physical limits of the sound system.
Digital Feedback Reducer (DFR) Filter Allocation By default, half of the DFR processor filters are allocated as fixed, and half are dynamic. However, you can specify how many of the total number of notch filters will remain fixed, and how many will be dynamically allocated as feedback is detected. Use a greater number of fixed filters on input channels for stationary microphones. In this instance, the room acoustics define the dominant feedback frequencies, which do not change appreciably.
Digital Feedback Reducer (DFR) Adding, Modifying, and Removing Filters To manually deploy or modify a fixed filter notch: 1. Click to select an active fixed filter (highlighted in yellow) or, to activate a new filter, select the filter to the immediate right of the last active filter. 2. Adjust the frequency, depth, and type as necessary. 3. You will see the changes reflected in the response graph. Note: You can only select an active filter or the next adjacent inactive filter, from left to right.
Digital Feedback Reducer (DFR) Auto Clear By default, the DFR saves the state of its filters during a preset change or power cycle. However, you can configure the DFR to automatically remove dynamic filters and changes to the depth of fixed filters according to parameters that you specify in the “Auto Clear” dialog, pictured below in Figure 7-15. Access this dialog by clicking the [AUTO CLEAR] button in the DFR window.
Ducker Ducker The ducker provides an easy way to use the DFR22 in an audio system that requires paging. When a paging signal is present, the ducker attenuates or “ducks” other signals. Block Name Description DUCK Ducker 2 1 3 4 FIGURE 7-16: DUCK Window Function Place the ducker on an input channel strip to designate it as the paging signal.
Ducker Parameter Window Features 1) Transfer Curve Graph The transfer curve graph displays the threshold level as a graphical element that you can position with the mouse. 2) Threshold Slider The position of the threshold slider corresponds to the setting in the threshold control. You can drag this slider with the mouse, left and right along the top edge of the transfer curve graph, to change the threshold setting.
Ducker Release This controls the amount of time it takes the processor to return the ducked signals to their previous level once the hold time has passed. You can change this value by clicking on the spin buttons or by typing in a specific value. The range of available values is from 1 ms to 10,000 ms. Default Click this button to reset the processor to its system default settings. Bypass Bypass active Bypass inactive Click to pass signal through without altering it.
Gate/Downward Expander Gate/Downward Expander The gate and downward expander reduce the output level of the signal, relative to the input level, once the input level drops below a specified threshold. Block Name Description DOWN EXP Downward Expander GATE Gate 3 2 4 1 6 5 FIGURE 7-17: DOWN EXP Window Function Use these processors to reduce or eliminate unwanted background noise. The gate mutes the input signal once it falls below the specified threshold.
Gate/Downward Expander 1) Transfer Curve Graph The transfer curve graph displays the threshold level and compression ratio settings as graphical elements that you can position with the mouse. The resulting transfer curve represents the change in the signal output level. 2) Threshold Slider The position of the threshold slider corresponds to the setting in the threshold control.
Gate/Downward Expander Ratio This indicates the amount of gain reduction at the processor output, relative to the input level. A ratio of 4:1, for example, means a 1dB decrease in program level results in a 4dB decrease in processor output level. You can change the value by clicking on the spin buttons, typing in a specific value, or using the ratio slider on the bottom edge of the transfer curve graph.
Graphic Equalizer Graphic Equalizer Graphic equalizers distribute a fixed set of broadband, constant-Q filters across the frequency spectrum, each with individual boost/cut controls. The Audio Processor provides the following types of graphic equalizers: Block Name Description GEQ10 10 Band Graphic Equalizer GEQ30 30 Band Graphic Equalizer 2 1 FIGURE 7-18: GEQ10 Window Function Use this processor for convenient broadband room equalization.
Graphic Equalizer 1) Frequency Band Faders You can set the frequency band faders by dragging the knob up or down with the mouse or by clicking on the scale at the level that you would like to set. You can cut or boost any band between -18dB and +12dB in 0.5dB increments. For more information on setting faders, see the Faders section on page 33. 2) Response Graph This curve is a graphical representation of the results of your frequency band settings, as well as the type of filter Q you have selected.
Graphic Equalizer Importing ASCII Files This feature allows you to import frequency data from SIA Smaart and Gold Line TEF into the response graph. Once in the graph, you can use the graphical data for reference as you shape the response curve of the processor. See page 36 for instructions on how to use ASCII import. Link Indicator This displays the link status of the processor. Any setting you change in a linked processor will change for all other processors in the same link group.
Parametric Equalizer Parametric Equalizer Parametric equalizers allow you to specify the placement, type and bandwidth of multiple filters anywhere in the frequency spectrum between 25Hz and 20kHz.
Parametric Equalizer Function Use this processor for precise equalization of room response without unnecessarily affecting neighboring frequencies. Select a parametric equalizer based on the number of frequency bands you need to adjust, and whether or not you would like to include cut or shelf filters in the processor. You can conserve DSP by selecting the fewest filters that fit your needs. Note: The number in the block name reflects the maximum number of peak/notch filters available for that processor.
Parametric Equalizer Frequency This indicates the frequency of the selected filter point. You can change the value by clicking on the spin buttons, using keyboard controls, or by typing a specific value. The frequency range is from 25Hz to 20kHz, with a default value of 1kHz when you add a new filter point. Width/Slope/Type This control changes depending on the type of filter currently in selection, as listed below. For a cut filter, you have two slopes to choose from the drop-down menu.
Parametric Equalizer Importing ASCII Files This feature allows you to import frequency data from SIA Smaart and Gold Line TEF into the response graph. Once in the graph, you can use the graphical data for reference as you shape the response curve of the processor. See page 36 for instructions on how to use ASCII import. Link Indicator This displays the link status of the processor. Any setting you change in a linked processor will change for all other processors in the same link group.
Parametric Equalizer To adjust filter point bandwidth: 1. Position the cursor over either of the filter’s bandwidth control points. 2. The cursor changes to the horizontal resize symbol: 3. Click and drag the control point left or right to set the bandwidth.
SECTION 8 Control Pins The pin connector on the rear panel of the DFR22 Audio Processor allows the installer to connect custom external hardware such as switches and potentiometers for volume adjustment, channel muting, and preset selection. It can also be used for interfacing with Crestron or AMX logic control cards. This type of simple control provides end users with a means to control specific functions without a computer.
Control Pins Tutorial Control Pins Tutorial This tutorial provides step-by-step instructions on how to configure the DFR22 for external control. It can also be accessed by clicking the [Tutorial] button in the upper right-hand corner of the “Control Pins” window, so you can follow the instructions as you perform these steps. For more in-depth explanation of the “Control Pins” window features and functions, refer to The “Control Pins” Window section on page 91. A.
Control Pins Tutorial To disable the preset control block: 1. Click and hold on the drop-down arrow to the right of the preset control block and select [Disable]. 2. A check mark appears next to this option when the block is disabled. In Live Mode the change will be made as soon as you select [Disable]. If you are Design Mode you will need to store the pin configuration again by selecting [Configuration>Store to Device] from the “Control Pins” window menu. 3.
Control Pins Tutorial J. Are you using any potentiometers? • • If NO, continue to step L. If YES, calibrate each potentiometer. Click the [Calibrate] button under the potentiometer control block to start the calibration wizard. You must calibrate each potentiometer separately. Note: If you do not calibrate the potentiometer, the default calibration is for a 100k audio taper potentiometer. FIGURE 8-4: Calibrate Button K. Set the gain range for each potentiometer. 1. Click the [Gain Range] button. 2.
The “Control Pins” Window The “Control Pins” Window The “Control Pins” window is an interface for both configuring control pins globally at the device level, and assigning input and output gain processors to controllers for each preset individually. Access this window by selecting the [Devices>Control Pins Configuration] menu command from the main window. 1 5 2 6 3 4 FIGURE 8-5: “Control Pins” Window 1.
“Pin Configuration” These settings are stored at the device level. They are not stored with presets, and do not change when you switch between presets in the device. You can store this configuration to the computer if you are working offline from the DFR22, or as a backup. Preset Encoding Settings When you are going to use the control pins to switch between presets, you must specify values in these controls before setting any other parameters in the “Control Pins” window.
“Pin Configuration” There is a text box for each binary setting at the control pins. The default values begin at preset one for binary setting 0 and increment up to preset sixteen for binary setting 1111. You can change the preset that is selected by each logic combination by clicking in each text box and typing in a different preset number, from one to sixteen. Refer to Appendix A: Binary Encoding Tables for the default preset values.
“Pin Configuration” Creating a New Control Pin Configuration for the Device 1. Go to Design Mode. 2. Select [Devices>Control Pin Configuration] from the main menu. 3. The “Control Pins” window opens. 4. Configure preset control. a) Enter the number of presets in the [# Presets] value box. b) Select an encoding type from the [Encoding Type] pull-down menu. c) The preset control pins block appears.
“Processor Mapping” “Processor Mapping” Use this section of the “Control Pins” window to specify which input and output channels the external hardware will control. The input and output channels are listed in a column below each connection block to which a controller has been allocated. In order for the external control hardware to control gain and channel muting, each preset in the device must be mapped to the control connections.
“Processor Mapping” Momentary Switches Under each momentary switch control block there are [Gain Up Limit] and [Gain Down Limit] buttons. In addition to setting the maximum or minimum gain of a momentary switch designated as a gain control, these buttons allow you to set the increment in dB by which the control raises or lowers the gain. When a gain control is pressed, it immediately raises or lowers the gain by the amount specified.
“Processor Mapping” To create a processor map in Design Mode: 1. Go to Design Mode. 2. Click the [Open] button on the control bar of the main window. 3. The “Open Preset” dialog appears. 4. Select the appropriate preset file and click [OK]. 5. The selected preset populates the signal flow diagram. 6. Select [Devices>Control Pin Configuration] from the main window. 7. The “Control Pins” window opens. 8.
Security SECTION 9 Security is an optional feature that allows the installer, or other security administrator, to restrict the end user's access to DFR22 settings from the front panel or with the computer. Note: You must be connected to the device to configure any security settings, except for individual processor security. Front Panel Lockout Access to the front panel controls can be locked out so the end user cannot make any changes to DFR processor settings, or change presets.
Restricting Computer Access Level Three This level permits read-only access to DFR22 settings for the current live preset. Note: Security only affects access through the software interface and front panel. It does not restrict external device control via the control pins. Establishing Device Security Establishing security should be the final phase in setting up the device. There are two primary steps in setting the device security: 1. Creating a Password 2.
Restricting Computer Access Changing the Access Level Follow the instructions listed above for setting the access level. Changing the Password To change an existing password: 1. Select [Security>Set Password] from the main menu. 2. The “Set Password” dialog appears, as pictured in Figure 9-5. The cursor is located in the [Old Password] field. 3. Enter the current password. 4. Tab to the [Administrator Password] field and enter the new password. 5.
Restricting Computer Access Individual Processor Security Individual processor security locks out access to specific processor blocks in a preset. You can lock access to a single block, multiple blocks, or all blocks in a preset. You would use this feature, for example, if you wanted the end user to be able to change gain settings but not PEQ settings. A locked processor can still be opened to monitor meter levels or view settings.
Printing Reports SECTION 10 The DFR22 software provides printed reports to document all of the presets and settings that are stored in the device. These reports are designed for the following uses. 1. To document the device configuration for the customer and end user. 2. To provide a hard-copy backup so that if necessary the device configuration can be reconstructed. Note: The reports are output directly to the printer, rather than to a file, so you must be connected to a printer to use this feature.
Preset Information and Current Preset Information Preset Information and Current Preset Information The Preset Information report lists the details of a specific preset that is stored in the device. When the “Individual Presets from Device” dialog opens, select the device for which you would like to print a report from the [Device] pull-down list. Then select the preset for which you would like to print a report and click [OK]. Refer to pages 102 and 103 for a report sample.
Report Samples Report Samples DEVICE INFORMATION Installation Information: Location: 4325 W.
Report Samples PRESET INFORMATION: Preset ID: 2 Preset Name: Assembly Description: Preliminary tuning.
Report Samples Drag and Drop Processors: Input-1, Slot-1, Processor: DFR16 Input-1, Slot-2, Processor: PEQ 10CS Input-1, Slot-3, Processor: GEQ30 Input-1, Slot-4, Processor: LIM Input-1, Slot-5, Processor: N/A Input-2, Slot-1, Processor: DFR16 Input-2, Slot-2, Processor: PEQ 10CS Input-2, Slot-3, Processor: GEQ30 Input-2, Slot-4, Processor: LIM Input-2, Slot-5, Processor: N/A Output-1, Slot-1, Processor: DLY 2s Output-1, Slot-2, Processor: N/A Output-1, Slot-3, Processor: N/A Output-1, Slot-4, Processor:
Report Samples PROCESSOR INFORMATION: Input Gain Block Security: Unlocked Input-1: Name: Music, Operating Level: +4 dBu, Polarity: +, Gain: –4.5dB, Mute: Off, Link Group N/A Input-2: Name: Speech, Operating Level: +4 dBu, Polarity: +, Gain: 0.0dB, Mute: Off, Link Group N/A Input-1, Slot-1, Processor: DFR16 Name: DFR 16, Link Group: N/A, Security: Unlocked Bypass: Off Autoclear: Disabled Front Panel Assignment: ROW A Fixed Filters: 3, New Filters: High Filter: 1, Freq: 65Hz, Depth: –3.
Appendix A: Binary Encoding Tables SECTION 11 The following tables list the binary encoding for DFR22 presets. Apply this encoding to the control input pins to switch the device to the corresponding preset. Note: 0 = Pin Lifted, 1 = Pin Grounded TABLE 1. One-Pin Binary Encoding PRESET # PIN 1 0 2 1 1 TABLE 2. Two-Pin Binary Encoding PRESET # PIN 1 PIN 1 0 0 2 0 1 3 1 0 4 1 1 2 TABLE 3.
TABLE 4.
Appendix B: DSP Usage Per Processor SECTION 12 The following table lists the percentage of DSP resources each processor uses. Total DSP resources are determined by the combination of processors you are using. Category Graphic EQs Parametric EQs Feedback Reducers Delays Dynamics Crossovers Splitter © 2003 Shure Incorporated Block Name Description % DSP GEQ10 10 Band Graphic EQ 4.5 GEQ30 30 Band Graphic EQ 9.8 PEQ 3 3 Band Parametric EQ 2.6 PEQ 5 5 Band Parametric EQ 3.
SECTION 13 Appendix C: File Extensions The following table lists the extensions of all of the different types of files created by the DFR22 software. File Extension .agc © 2003 Shure Incorporated Source Automatic Gain Control .backup Total Device Backup .cdk Input and Output Gain .comp Compressor .cutshf High and Low Cut/High and Low Shelf Filters .d22 Preset File .d22pin Control Pin Configuration .dfr10 10 Band Digital Feedback Reducer .dfr16 16 Band Digital Feedback Reducer .
Appendix D: Troubleshooting Guide SECTION 14 Communication fails between the computer and the DFR22: The following messages are displayed when the DFR22 software fails to communicate with the device. “COM(port) is already in use or does not exist...” This message appears under the following conditions: • The specified COM port is already in use by another application. If the COM port selected is already in use by another application, closing that application will resolve the problem.
To complete the firmware update: • 1. Cycle power to the device. 2. From the [File] menu select [Firmware Upgrade]. 3. When the software prompts you to update the code, click [Continue]. As a last resort, perform a hard reset. This deletes all presets and settings from the device and returns it to its default state. To perform a hard reset: 1. Power off the device. 2. Hold down the Row A Press to Lock/Hold to Clear and Bypass buttons while the DFR22 powers up. 3.
