TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TABLEOFCONTENTS .............................................................. LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................... LIST OF TABLES .................................................................... ABBREVIATIONS/MNEMONICS ....................................................... i iii iv iv SECTION I INTRODUCTION ......................................................... 1. 1 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT.) 2.3 Power Interface ...................................................... 2.4 Frame Grounding .................................................... SECTION III PHYSICAL INTERFACE .................................................. 3.1 Introduction ........................................................ 3.2 Jl/Pl Connector ................................................... 3.3 J2/P2 Connector ..................................................
LIST OF FIGURES Figure Number 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-9 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 3-1 3-2 3-3 4-1 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 6-7 6-8 6-9 6-10 6-11 6-12 6-13 6-14 6-15 6-16 6-17 7 -1 7 -2 7 -3 7 -4 7 -5 7 -6 7 -7 7 -8 7 -9 7-10 7 -11 8-1 8-2 8-3 9-1 9-2 Title Page SA810/860 Half-Height Floppy Disk Drive ................................. 1-0 SA810/860 Functional Diagram ........... . ............................ 1-5 Track Access Timing, Standard Seek ......................................
LIST OF TABLES Table Number 2-1 3-1 7-1 A-I B-1 Title Page DC Power Requirements ............................................... Recommended Jl Connectors ........................................... Customer Cut/Add Trace Options ........................................ Machine Level Code Information ......................................... Ordering Information ..................................................
FIGURE 1.1.
SECTION I INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The compact SA810 single-sided and SA860 double-sided half-height 8-inch floppy disk drives offer a reliable, low cost, high performance solution for OEM data storage applications which require maximum capacity in the smallest space possible. The SA810/860 drives are half the height of the Shugart SA801 floppy disk drive, fit in comfortably with a CRT, require no ac voltage, and offer up to 1.6 megabytes of unformatted capacity.
IBM Format (128 byte sectors) Per Disk Per Surface Per Track Transfer Rate Latency (average) Access Time Track to Track Settle Time One Track Seek & Settle Average (including settle) Motor Start Time Worst Case Typical 1.2.2 SA860 Single/Double Density 250/500 k bytes 250/500 k bytes 3.3/6.66 k bytes 250/500 k bits/sec 83 ms 500/1000 k bytes 250/500 k bytes 3.3/6.
Mechanical Dimensions Width = 8.55 in (217 mm) Height = 2.31 in (59 mm) Depth = 12.00 in (305 mm) Weight = 7lbs (3 kg) Mounting Top loading Diskette Horizontal Label Up/Down Diskette Vertical Label Left/Right Power Dissipation: 10 watts (34 BTU/hr) Standby 28 watts (96 BTU/hr) Typical 50 watts (171 BTU/hr) Maximum 1.2.4 Reliability Specifications Mean Time Between Failure: 10,000 Power On Hours under typical usage. Preventive Maintenance: Not required.
1.3.2 Drive Mechanism The Head Positioning Actuator moves the read/write head{s} to the desired track on the diskette. The head{s} is loaded onto the diskette when the door knob is closed. If no diskette is inserted when the door knob is closed, the heads will not touch each other. The dc drive motor under phase locked loop speed control (using an integral tachometer) rotates the spindle at 360 rpm.
READ DATA READ LOGIC SEP DATA (FM) -. f.- SEP CLOCK (FM) WRITE PROTECT ASSM ~ DRIVE SELECT SIDE SELECT ... WRITE DATA WRITE GATE - WRITE LOGIC WRITE CURRENT (OPT) DISKETTE STEPPER ACTUATOR _ WRITE PROTECT H. ~ I TRACK 40 j I' R/WO R/W1 SIDE SELECT POWER ON RESET R/W HEAD ASSM . ~ .\ . ~ cJ, . ·SIDE SELECT MOTOR DOOR CLOSED SWITCH STEP INDEX/ SECTOR DETECTOR DIRECTION/ *SIDE SELECT (OPT.) DRIVE/*SIDE SELECT (OPT.) MOTOR ON (HEAD LOAD) (OPT.L IN USE (OPT.) TWO SIDED (OPT.
In the standard configuration, the host system turns off the motor by deactivating the DRIVE SELECT line. This should be done if the drive has not received a new command within 2.6 seconds (16 revolutions of diskette) after completing the execution of a command. This will ensure maximum motor and media life. Also, the 2.6 second delay function can be done by the drive by jumpering the optional Motor Off delay. Refer to paragraph 7.10. 1.4.
DC POWER I~--------------~l~l--------------- DRIVE SELECT I r--- - ------_.......' - - -I OUT DIRECTION SELECT _ _ _1_ _ __ ~ STEP --1~1:1 ~---------------- .s 90 ms MIN 1 /ls LJlJ MIN~ rI 15"s MIN" r-2.~ ms MAX .~ ~ 15/l8 MIN** I 2.9 ms MAX" * After the last step pulse has been issued the drive may be deselected. The drive ignores any change to the DIRECTION SELECT line when no further step pulses are received.
1.4.8 Read Operation Reading data from the SA810/860 drive is accomplished by: a. Activating DRIVE SELECT line. b. Selecting head (SA860 only). c. WRITE GATE being inactive. The timing relationships required to initiate a read sequence are shown in figure 1-5. These timing specifications are required in order to guarantee that the position of the read/write head has stabilized prior to reading. The timing of READ DATA (FM) is shown in figure 1-6. 4.
In both of these encoding schemes, clock bits are written at the start of their respective bit cells and data bits at the center of their bit cells. The timing of the read signals, READ DATA, SEPARATED DATA, and SEPARATED CLOCK are shown in figure 1-6 (FM encoding). In the standard SA810/860, data separation of FM data is performed by the drive electronics. Data bits are presented to the controller on the SEP DATA line and clock bits are presented on the SEP CLOCK line.
1.4.10 Sequence Of Events The timing diagram shown in figure 1-9 illustrates the necessary sequence of events with associated timing restrictions for proper operation. DC POWER ~90ms MIN VALID CONTROL AND OUTPUT SIGNALS 90 ms MIN DRIVE SELECT ----. I II I SIDE SELECT (SA860 ON L Y) 1_ r- I *r--, , STEP 1 s 1 M)N m~ 90 MIN TRUE READY II ~ r- *,--' I ___ ~\~ ,I ...L.' ~I---\:~\~------- MAX ~S SS {m~t S~ _II T--..l---\S\oS--------. HMIN~ I ILn .. NOTE 2~ , 100 ;.
SECTION II ELECTRICAL INTERFACE 2.1 INTRODUCTION The interface of the SA810/860 Diskette Drive can be divided into two categories: a. b. Signal Power The following paragraphs provide the electrical definition for each line. See figure 2-1 for all interface connections. 2.2 SIGNAL INTERFACE The signal interface consists of two categories: a. b.
MAX FEET 10 FT FLAT RIBBON OR 20 FT TWISTED PAIR SA81 01860 HOST J1 EXTERNAL WRITE CURRENT SWITCHING' 2 1 TRUE READY' 8 7 TWO SIDED' + DISK CHANGE' SI DE SELECT' + 10 9 12 11 14 13 IN USE' 16 MOTOR ON' (HEAD LOAD) 15 18 17 INDEX 20 19 READY 22 21 SECTOR 24 DRIVE SELECT 1 (SIDE SELECT OPT) + DRIVE SELECT 2 (SIDE SELECT OPT) + DRIVE SELECT 3 (SIDE SELECT OPT) + 2:3 26 25 28 27 30 29 DRIVE SELECT 4 (SIDE SELECT OPT) + 32 DIRECTION SELECT (SIDE SELECT OPT) + 31 34 33 STEP 36 WRITE DATA W
The input circuit lines have the following electrical specifications. See figure 2-2 for the recommended circuit. True = False = Logical one = Vin Logical zero = Vin ± 0.0 to + 0.4 V @ lin ± 2.5 to + 5.25 V @ = lin 40 rnA (max) = 250 f-tA (open) Input Impedance = 220/330 ohms MAX 10 FEET RIBBON OR 20 FEET TWISTED PAIR I +5V 7414 39216·10 FIGURE 2·2. INTERFACE SIGNAL DRIVER/RECEIVER 2.2.
2.2.5 Direction Select This interface line is a control signal which defines the direction of motion the read/write heads will take when the STEP line is pulsed. An open circuit, or logical one, defines the direction as "out" and if a pulse is applied to the STEP line, the read/write heads will move away from the center of the disk.
2.2.12 Output Lines There are nine standard output lines from the SA810/860 with two optional output lines and two alternate outputs available. The output signals are driven with an open collector output stage capable of sinking a maximum of 40 rnA at a logical zero level or true state with a maximum voltage of 0.4 V measured at the driver. When the line driver is in a logical one or false state, the driver is off and the collector current is a maximum of 250 p.A. See figure 2-2 for the recommended circuit.
If a single sided diskette is installed, READY will be active (logical zero) when SIDE a is selected, but false (logicalone) when SIDE 1 is selected. Conversely, if a two-sided diskette is installed, READY will be active when either side of the diskette is selected. For additional methods of using the READY line, refer to paragraph 7.11. NOTE READ DATA, SEP DATA, and SEP CLOCK are only present when DRIVE SELECT and TRUE READY are active (low) and WRITE GATE is inactive (high). 2.2.
2.4 FRAME GROUNDING The drive must be frame grounded to the host system to ensure proper operation. If the frame of the drive is not fastened directly to the frame of the host system with good ac ground. a wire from the system ac frame ground must be connected to the drive. For this purpose. a faston tab_is provided on the drive where a faston connector can be attached or soldered. The tab is AMP PIN 61664-1 and its mating connector is AMP PIN 60972-1. a TABLE 2·1.
SECTION III PHYSICAL INTERFACE 3.1 INTRODUCTION The electrical interface between the SA810 or SA860 and the host system is via two connectors. The first connector, J 1, provides the signal interface and the second connector, J2, provides the dc power. This section describes the physical connectors used on the drive and the recommended connectors to be used with them. Refer to figure 3-1 for connector locations. 3.2 Jl jPl CONNECTOR Connection to J 1 is through a 50 pin PCB edge connector.
TABLE 3·1. RECOMMENDED J1 CONNECTORS TYPE OF CABLE MANUFACTURER CONNECTOR PIN CONTACT PIN TWISTED PAIR, #18 (CRIMP OR SOLDER) AMP 1·583718·1 583616-5 (CRIMP) 583854-3 (SOLDER) TWISTED PAIR, #18 (SOLDER TERM.) VIKING 3VH25/1 J N·5 NA FLAT CABLE 3M "SCOTCH FLEX" 3415·0001 NA 39216·16 KEY SLOT ~ IIj.-- 0.036 ± 0.004 (0091 ± 0010) ,... 1 0.450 ± 0.010 (1.143 ± 0.025) ii I ~~ I ~ f-0~~O,~?M 0.050 NOM (0.127) ~~.--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,... . .50 ._ _ __ 1...-....-0.063 (0.
SECTION IV DRIVE PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS 4.1 INTRODUCTION This section describes the mechanical dimensions and mounting recommendations for the SA810/860. 4.2 MECHANICAL DIMENSIONS See figure 4-1 for the dimensions of the SA810/860. 4.3 MOUNTING The SA810/860 is capable of being mounted any position. 4.4 STACKING DUAL DRIVES When using the bottom mounting holes of the SA810/860, a second unit may be mounted on top of the first using a mounting kit (P /N 51592).
0.47± ±0.76 0.03mm) - - . (11.94 - LI r o I ~ ....-- I 0.33 ± 0.01 (8.38 :!: 0.25 mm) ~I ---L 101 0 I ....-_-:_-_-___I_-__ _\LJ 1.15 ± 0.04 (29.21 ± 1.0 mm) I f Q. 2.31 ± 0.03 (58.4 ± 0.76 mm) II FAC~:~:~.02 (2O.32:!: 1.0 mm) 8.00 ± 0.04 -+- ~(2x) (20.32 :!: 0.5 mm) (2x) 1.865 ± 0.03 (211.32 mm x 6.35 mm) 8.32 UNC.2~8~ 0.25 0.33 \ (8.38 mm) I.~~~~;::===-~o~;;;;;;~f:n --... r -.-- ;----, ~9 ± 0.03 £, 2.465 ± 0.05 (62.61 1.27 m m ) - 7.47 ± 0.4 (189.7 I ± 0.10 mm) [Q (45.
SECTION V ERROR RECOVERY 5.1 WRITE ERRORS If an error occurs during a write operation, it will be detected on the next revolution by doing a read operation, commonly called a write check. To correct the error, another write and write check operation must be done. If the write operation is not successful after 10 attempts, a read operation should be attempted on another track to determine if the media or the drive is failing. If the error still persists.
SECTION VI RECORDING FORMAT 6.1 RECORDING FORMAT (SINGLE DENSITY) The format of the data recorded on the diskette is totally a function of the host controller. Data is recorded on the diskette using frequency modulation as the recording mode. i.e., each data bit recorded on the diskette has an associated clock bit recorded with it. This is referred to as FM encoding. Data written on and read back from the diskettes takes the form shown in figure 6-1.
6.1.2 Byte A byte, when referring to serial data (being written onto or read from the disk drive), is defined as eight consecutive bit cells. The most significant bit cell is defined as bit cell 0 and the least significant bit cell is defined as bit cell 7. When reference is made to a specific data bit (Le., data bit 3), it is with respect to the corresponding bit cell (bit cell 3).
6.3 RULES OF ENCODING 6.3.1 FM Encoding: a. b. 6.3.2 Writes data bits at the center of the bit cell. Writes clock bits at the leading edge of the bit cell. MFM Encoding: a. b. Writes data bits at the center of the bit cell. Writes clock bits at the leading edge of the bit cell i;: • There is no data bit written in the previous bit cell, and • There will be no data bit written in the present bit cell.
BIT CELLS 0 I I I I 12F D D 0 D 1F D 0 0 D FM -1::01- 4p,sec ~ ~ / "" "" / / ~ " ~ / ~ / BIT. CELLS I I I 1 1 1 I 0 1 o I ~ 0 0 , ;fI "" " ;fI ;fI MFM D D 0 D C C , " D ;fI ;fI 1F r~ ----'1 4/3F 1"- 50574·30 FIGURE 6·5. FM AND MFM ENCODING . ~1400 ItS ~± 200 ~~OO~ 1__ .. ,( s r - _________________ ~~ ~I-----r~------------~--~----~ DATA SYNC 15 BYTES 4---.....1 WRITE TURN ON CLOCK DATA IDENTIFIER1 BYTE 104----- 130 BYTES ~---------5.
~_____I_ND_E_X_________________________________________________________________ MFM 10416 BYTES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -..... REPEAT FOR EACH RECORD G.A III I·~~~~ ~:~ ~M m ~Nel ~ci'~M G1 4E 00 4E 00 80 12 3 50 12 80 12 3 50 12 80 12 3 50 12 FC m I AM 1,0 [II IeRe I G' 8] I ---------+t I DATA SYNC 16~~AI AM AM III m DATA I CRC I WG OFF I G3 G4B 4E 00 40 8] 4E 4E 4 22 12 1024 2 115 654 BYTES/8 REC.
Data Field - Sync is a fixed number of bytes for separator synchronization prior to the address mark. Includes a minimum of two bytes plus worst case separator sync up requirements. Pre Data Address Mark (MFM) is three bytes of Al with unique clock bits not written per the encode rules. See figure 6-13. Data Address Mark (FM) is a unique byte to identify the Data Field and is not written per the encode rules. See figures 6-14 and 6-15.
D BIT D I ~ELL BIT D D I ~ELL BIT ~ELL I BIT i D ELL D BIT CELL 4 C I ~ELL BIT BIT ~ELL I BIT ~ELL ~-----------------------INDEXADDRESSMARK----------------~------~ BINARY REPRESENTATION OF: HEXIDECIMAL REPRESENTATION OF: o DATA BITS o CLOCK BITS o o o o o FC o 01 50574·35 FIGURE 6·10.
D D C n Jl BIT CELL 0 BIT CELL 1 BIT ~ELL I BIT ~ELL n I D C BIT ~ELL I BIT ~ELL n I BIT ~ELL rL I BIT CELL 7 PRE ADDRESS MARK BINARY REPRESENTATION OF: HEXADECIMAL REPRESENTATION OF: DATA BITS 0 0 CLOCK BITS 0 0 0 0 0 0 A1 0 0 0 OA 50574·38 FIGURE 6·13. MFM PRE ID/DATA ADDRESS MARK .. ~ ~ - .. -.. ~ -- ... BIT CELL 7 BIT CELL 0 BIT CELL 1 BIT CELL 2 BIT CELL 3 BIT CELL 4 BIT CELL 5 BIT CELL 6 BIT CELL 7 BIT CELL 0 ..
D BIT D D ~ELL I BIT I ~ELL BIT D I ~ELL BIT i ELL I BIT D D D I ~ELL BIT ~ELL I BIT ~ELL I BIT ?ELL I"'~ __- - - - - - - - - - - DATA ADDRESS MARK - - - - - - - - - - -...... HEXADECIMAL REPRESENTATION OF: BINARY REPRESENTATION OF: o DATA BITS o CLOCK BITS o o o o FB o o o 00 50574-67 FIGURE 6·16. MFM DATA ADDRESS MARK D C BIT ~ELL I BIT ~ELL I BIT ~ELL I BIT i D D D D ELL I BIT ~ELL I BIT ~ELL I C BIT ~ELL I BIT ?ELL ......
SECTION VII CUSTOMER INSTALLABLE OPTIONS 7.1 INTRODUCTION The SA810/860 Can be modified by the user to function differently than the standard method outlined in Sections I and II. These modifications can be implemented by adding or deleting connections and by use of the alternate I/O pins. Some options are capable of being connected by use of a shorting plug, Shugart PIN 15648 or AMP PIN 53013-2. This section will discuss a few examples of modifications and how to install them.
TABLE 7·1.
CZ C3 CI ~ C54 RI7 RI5 RI8 AI All A4 ~ ~~~ ~ LZ LI -c=J-c:J- C" -c=J- S C4 C7 AZ4 - Rll RZI RZ5 C5 Cil CI8 RI" CI9 .. R84 0 C8 CAI5-cft / C. ~rn -c=J- . RZ8 -c:JA,.. [}grn [}grn JiLJ ~D -c:J- CSO 1==t :: RlO R~Il:;; ~ ~~ .
Rl8-c=J- ~ iO fI= lJ =~ i==t =t==i= ( , RlO RS9 CRI7 -B- D / .. @I... . FIGURE 7·2.
7.2 EXTERNAL WRITE CURRENT SWITCH This option permits write current switching via the optional WRITE CURRENT SWITCHING interface line (pin 2). When the interface signal is activated to a logical zero level. the lower value of the write current is selected. Selecting this option replaces internal write current switching at track 40. To enable external write current sWitching. move the shorting plug at trace SI to the SE position. See figure 7-3. +5V ..... STANDARD TRACE 1I1'}II DELETED TRACE . - .
+ 5V o a C Q D--------t 12 h..-_ _--II..-..._--*_ -DISK CHG -READY -DRVSEL~----------------~------------~~>--------~ 39216·23 FIGURE 7·5. DISK CHANGE CIRCUIT 7 _5 SIDE SELECTION USING DIRECTION SELECT (SA860 ONLY) The SIDE SELECT function can be controlled via the DIRECTION SELECT line, if desired. With this option, the DIRECTION SELECT line controls the direction of head motion during stepping operations and controls side (head) selection during read/write operations.
+5V 1 -DRIVE SELECT 18 2 28 3 DRIVE SELECTINT 38 4 48 -SIDE 0 CT S3 -SIDE 1 CT 39216·25 FIGURE 7·7. SIDE SELECTION USING DRIVE SELECT 7.7 IN USE ALTERNATE INPUT This alternate input (pin 16) when activated to a logical zero level enables the Activity LED and door lock latch if the door is closed. If IN USE is low upon deselection, the door remains locked. If IN USE is high upon deselection, the door unlocks.
-DHIVE SELECT 4 --*)(------3-2----~r~--1 -DRIVE SELECT 3 --*)f------3-0-----~~1t---li -DRIVE SELECT 2 --l)~(----:-:------I~+-I----+r---ll. -DRIVE SELECT 1 --*-----------~-+-~:-----...----1 ~~ ~~ ~~ en Cl Cl Cl Cl . .- - - - - I .. II .. +5V MS OPTIONAL SIDE SELECT FROM DRIVE SELECT -...t--. -MOTOR ON NOTE 2 2 --+)ff---- ---::.= =,~ 4 ALTERNATE} ~)(~---It-= = == == =~ : 6 ___6___ J1 1/0 PINS ~ ~)ff----_.~ ______ ., I a =4-= ::.
-DRIVE SELECT 4 x -DRIVE SELECT 3 )( -DRIVE SELECT 2 )( 32 I i I 1 I I 1 30 28 26 -DRIVE SELECT 1 . . . . STANDARD TRACE i .,,111 DELETED TRACE 2· ...... ADDED OR JUMPERED TRACE en en en V~ 11~ en o 0 . 0 II 0 Ii +5V MS OPTIONAL SIDE SELECT FROM DRIVE SELECT -.+-...... NOTE 2 2 ---+)(~-4---i"~::'== ALTERNATEJ ~)(E----_.
+5V RR + DRIVE SELECT 2:......--••."./'}.II~--*"-...,--"-~~"""""" + READY ~--------------~__~ R 22 D----------------1~/~/~.~--------~~~ .. ~READY II II II If 2 II 2 li= =-==-=--------*")E II II .. 4 I,:' II II I~= 4 )( -:II:11 ....-----*"- 6 6 ==....-"'--___ - " - -)( *_ 39216·28 FIGURE 7·10. RADIAL READY CIRCUIT 7.12 STEPPER POWER DOWN If the user wishes to step the drive at a step rate of 6 ms or slower.
SECTION VIII OPERATION PROCEDURES 8.1 INTRODUCTION The SA810/860 was designed for ease of operator use to facilitate a wide range of operator oriented applications. The following section is a guide for the handling and error recovery procedures on the diskette and diskette drive. 8.2 DISKETTE LOADING AND HANDLING The diskette is a flexible disk enclosed in a plastic jacket. The interior of the jacket is lined with a wiping material to clean the disk of foreign material.
When removed from the drive, the diskette is stored in an envelope. To protect the diskette, the same care and handling procedures specified for computer tape apply. These precautionary procedures are as follows: 8.2.1 a. Return diskette to storage envelope whenever it is removed from drive. b. Keep diskettes away from magnetic fields and from ferromagnetic materials which might become magnetized. Strong magnetic fields can destroy recorded data on disk. c.
SECTION IX PACKAGING It is suggested that packing material be kept in case the unit must be returned to Shugart for repair. Regardless, the unit must be individually packaged in comparable packing as shipped to preclude damage in shipping and handling. Damage to the unit as a result of inadequate packaging will void the warranty on the unit. Figure 9-1 shows how to repackage the disk drive using the original shipping containers.
42 UNITS/PALLET 39216·34 FIGURE 9·2.
APPENDIX A MACHINE LEVEL CODE INFORMATION Table A-I identifies distinct features or exceptions to the general description of the SA810/860 in this manual. TABLE A·1. MACHINE LEVEL CODE INFORMATION MLC NUMBER 0 DESCRIPTION THE WORST CASE MOTOR START TIME IS 220 ms. THE MULTIPLEXED MOTOR ON LINE OPTION IS NOT AVAILABLE. BUFFERED SEEK IS NOT INCLUDED. TRUE READY IS INVALID FOR THE PURPOSE OF MOTOR-UP-TO-SPEED. JUMPERS RTR, MMO, SR, MT, Y AND Z ARE NOT INCLUDED.
APPENDIX B ORDERING INFORMATION Table B-1 can be used to construct a part number for a unique drive configuration. TABLE B·1.
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