MODEL Oxford Dictionary of English Oxford Thesaurus of English Oxford Dictionary of Quotations Oxford Crossword Dictionary Oxford Puzzle Solver PW-E500A ELECTRONIC DICTIONARY OPERATION MANUAL Page • Getting Started ........................................................ 3 • Using the Oxford Dictionary of English ................ 15 • Using the Oxford Thesaurus of English ................ 18 • Using the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations .......... 20 • Using the Solver functions ..........................
Introduction Thank you for purchasing the SHARP Electronic Dictionary, model PW-E500A. The PW-E500A contains data based on the following dictionaries (see page 5): • Oxford Dictionary of English • Oxford Thesaurus of English • Oxford Dictionary of Quotations • Oxford Crossword Dictionary • Oxford Puzzle Solver After reading this manual, store it in a convenient location for future reference.
CONTENTS Getting Started Using the PW-E500A for the first time ......................................................... 3 Layout ........................................................................................................... 6 Basic operation ............................................................................................. 8 Set-up menu ............................................................................................... 12 Inputting characters ............................
Getting Started Using the PW-E500A for the first time Be sure to perform the following operations before using the PW-E500A for the first time. 1. Set the battery replacement switch on the bottom of the unit to the ‘REPLACE BATTERY’ position. 6. Open the unit and press o to turn the power on. The LCD contrast screen will appear. • Should a different screen appear, follow the reset procedure on page 33.
Turning the power on/off Backlight The power can be switched on by pressing the keys listed below. To turn off the power, press o. This product has a built-in backlight, which allows you to view the display and use the product even in low-light conditions. Pressing , (Backlight) once illuminates the display until you have not pressed any keys for approx. 1 minute or press , again. Display status upon start-up Key o Restores the display as it was before the unit was switched off (Resume function).
Data contained in the PW-E500A The dictionary data contained in this unit is based on the following dictionaries: • Oxford Dictionary of English 2e © Oxford University Press 2003 • Oxford Thesaurus of English 2e © Oxford University Press 2004 • Oxford Dictionary of Quotations 6e © Oxford University Press 2004 • Oxford Crossword Dictionary © Oxford University Press 2005 • Oxford Puzzle Solver © Oxford University Press 2005 * All rights reserved.
Layout Display symbols (Refer to the next page for details) Display Dictionary/function selection keys Menu key Font size shift key Power on/off key Backlight key Backspace/Clear key 2nd function key Utility keys for Dictionaries Page scroll keys Escape key Cursor keys Enter key 6
Key assignments Display symbols : Opens the input screen for the Oxford Dictionary of English This symbol will be displayed when the battery level is low. Promptly replace the old battery with a new one. : Opens the input screen for the Oxford Thesaurus of English Indicates that the key sound (beep) is set to ON. : Opens the input screen for the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations Indicates that ^ has been pressed.
Basic operation Inputting words for a dictionary search In this section, the basic search operation is described. For details, refer to the manual chapter for each dictionary. Find definitions of ‘convenience’ in the Oxford Dictionary of English. 1. Press d to display the input screen for the Oxford Dictionary of English, then input ‘conven’. Entries starting with ‘conven’ are listed. Selecting a dictionary / function in the main menu Press m. The main menu appears.
List view: selecting an item; scrolling Filter search view: selecting an item; scrolling Press d to display the initial screen of the Oxford Dictionary of English, then press e. The list view of the Oxford Dictionary of English appears. Press d, then type A, and B. ‘ab’ is entered, and words starting from ‘ab’ listed.
Detail view: scrolling Shifting the displayed character size (z) Press d, then type A, and e. The detail view with definitions appears. Press the z key to shift the character size to be displayed. 12 dot-based (vertical pixel resolution) or 9 dot-based characters can be selected. For instance, press z to display the 12 dot characters to 9 dot characters. Press z again to toggle back the displayed characters to 12 dot-base.
Listing a summary of detail view items (q) Browsing Notes (r) The Quick view function suppresses some examples and additional information, and lists out the main sections and senses (or quotations) from each detail view entry. Use this function to browse quickly through the summary of an entry. A Note icon (&) may appear in the detail view. This indicates that a note can be selected to view extra information (additional information, usage note, etc.) of the entry. Press r to select the icon.
Set-up menu Note: • Using the r key will display the following: • Oxford Dictionary of English Press m to display the main menu, then press 8. The set-up menu appears.
Setting the Auto power off activation time Inputting characters This product automatically turns its power off to save the battery. The turn-off time is set to five minutes by default. Methods of inputting characters are described in this section. 1. Press m, 8, then 2. Character entry The Auto power off setting screen appears. A simple example of inputting characters is shown below. Enter a word ‘clear’ for search. 1. Press d to open the input screen of the Oxford Dictionary of English.
Modifying entry • Convert uppercase letters to lowercase. Deleting unnecessary characters Word AC Entry for search ac UK uk 1. Press d to open the input screen of the Oxford Dictionary of English. 2. Type ‘external’. • Spell out the numbers when applicable. Word 4WD Entry for search fourwd A5 afive • Enter ‘and’ instead of ‘&’. 3. While the cursor is at the end of the string, press ( three times to delete ‘nal’. 4.
Using the Oxford Dictionary of English In this Dictionary, definitions of a word can be found by entering its spelling. You can also search specifically for phrases by entering one or more keywords in Phrase search. Looking up a word (Filter search) A definition of a word can be looked up by inputting its spelling. Find the definition of ‘advance’. 1. Press d to open the Oxford Dictionary of English. The input screen appears. 2. Input the spelling of ‘advance’.
Phrase search Spellcheck function To search for idioms or phrasal verbs, enter up to three words in the input field. The phrases containing ALL the entered words will be found. The spellcheck function can be helpful when the exact spelling of a query word is not known. Search for a phrase containing ‘take’ and ‘care’. You are not sure whether ‘liason’ or ‘liaison’ is correct. 1. Press d to open the Oxford Dictionary of English. 1.
4. In the list, select a desired word using the number keys (press 1, in this example). The detail view with descriptions of the word is displayed. • If a word selected is not in its original form, and cannot be found as a headword, then the detail view of the word's original form will be displayed. It may be necessary to scroll down within the detail view to find the desired word form. • Press f to go back to the previous view. • Press ^ l to list the headwords in the Oxford Dictionary of English.
Using the Oxford Thesaurus of English Input a word in this Thesaurus to find its synonyms, as well as antonyms and other related terms in the detail view. • To search for a word or jump icon ( ) in the detail view, use the Super jump function. • Press f to return to the previous view. • Press ^ l to list the headwords in the Oxford Thesaurus of English. • To search for a different word, simply begin inputting a new word, or press ^ b or t to go to the input screen of the Oxford Thesaurus of English.
Phrase search Further information To search for idioms or phrasal verbs, enter up to three words in the input field. The phrases containing ALL the entered words will be found. For further information on using this thesaurus, refer to the Introduction on pages 48–52. Search for a phrase containing ‘make’ and ‘up’, and find its synonyms. 1. Press t to open the Oxford Thesaurus of English. Press } once to place the cursor at the ‘Phrase search’, then press e.
Using the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations Input an author’s surname in the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations to find his/her quotations. A search can also be initiated by keywords, or it is possible to display quotations at random. Searching by an author name (Filter search) Find a set of related quotations by inputting the spelling of an author. List a set of quotations by ‘William Shakespeare’. 1. Press u to open the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations.
Keyword search The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations can accept up to three keywords for a search. The quotations containing ALL the entered keywords will be found. Find quotations that incorporate ‘man’ and ‘woman’. 1. Press u to open the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations. Press the } key to place the cursor at the ‘Keyword search’, then press e. The input screen of the Keyword search appears. 2. Input ‘man’, press the } key, then input ‘woman’. Up to 24 characters can be entered in each input field.
Random quote Random quote can be requested by pressing the ? at the initial screen of the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations or in the detail view of the author. 1. Press u to open the initial screen of the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations. 2. Press ?. A randomly selected quotation is displayed. • Press ? several times to sequentially initiate the Random quotes. • Press f to return to the initial screen of the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations.
Using the Solver functions Crossword solver A list of the lemmas with the given number and pattern of letters appears. In this example, the list would be the total number of 6-letter patterns consisting of a 2letter and a 4-letter word (2, 4 (6) letters). • To see other words/expressions with the same number(s) of letters, use < or > to scroll up/down. Use ^ w or ^ n to jump to the previous or next pattern list.
Puzzle solver The Puzzle solver can be searched by category (such as names of writers, famous films, types of car, examples of plants, and a whole host of other useful categories) to find a word (clue word). This was incorporated to provide easy-to-find answers to general knowledge clues and quiz questions and thereby be useful while playing a wide variety of games. Find words related to ‘wine’. 1. Press y and 2 to open the Puzzle solver. 4.
Entering characters Anagram solver When entering characters, exclude those such as spaces, hyphens, apostrophes, slashes, and periods. See page 13 for details. A word or series of letters can be entered to find any matching anagrams found in the Oxford Crossword Dictionary. Note: • The wildcard character ‘?’ must not be entered into the input field of the Puzzle solver.
Using the Super jump function Use the Super jump function to select any word in the detail view of each dictionary, then initiate a search based on the selected word. How to use the Super jump function Initiate a Super jump search via the Oxford Dictionary of English. 1. In the Oxford Dictionary of English, show the detail view of the word ‘function’. 2. Press v. The cursor appears to select the first word in the view. 3.
Specifying a Dictionary to jump to In step 4 above, press d or t instead of pressing e, to specify the Dictionary to jump to. Note icon in the Super jump window When the Note icon appears in the Super jump window, press r and e to view the contents. About the detail view after the jump • The behaviour and function of the detail view is the same as the detail view after an ordinary search. • Press ^ b at the detail view to go back to the Dictionary's input screen.
Using the History function Use the History function to recall a headword or phrase previously searched in the Dictionaries. • The items selected by the Random quote in the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations will also be added in the history. Deleting a history item 1. Display the history list on the screen. How to use the History function 2. Use the } or { key to place the cursor on the word to be deleted. The reverse colour indicates the selected item. 3. Press (.
Using the Calculator function The built-in calculator in the Electronic Dictionary can perform 12-digit arithmetic calculations with memory function. To access the Calculator function, press m then 6 to select ‘Calculator’. Calculation examples Example (–24) ÷ 4 – 2 = Operation ! - 24 / 4 - 2 = 34 + 57 = 45 + 57 = 34 + 57 = The second figure (57) 45 = becomes the constant. 68 × 25 = (Subtraction and division are performed in the same way as above.) 68 * 25 = The first figure (68) 1,700.
Using the Converter function The Converter function consists of two converters: the Currency converter, and the Metric converter. 3. Use the { } keys to place the cursor at the desired input field, then input the currency name and its rate. In this example, press } and input ‘0.7’. • The currency name field of currency converter is temporarily pre-defined, as seen in the above example.
Metric converter Units capable of being converted Conversions between different units of measurement (length, mass, etc.) can be performed. The following conversion formulae can be utilised. length1: Convert 40 feet to metres. length2: feet ⇔ m 1. Press m 7 2 to access the Metric converter. length3: yard ⇔ m 2. Use { } to select ‘Converter [length2]’. length4: mile ⇔ km inch ⇔ cm weight1: ounce ⇔ g weight2: pound ⇔ kg temperature: volume: °F ⇔ °C pint ⇔ litre 3. Input ‘40’.
When to replace the battery Appendices Replace the battery immediately in the following cases: • When Replacing the battery Note: Battery used • Use only the specified alkaline battery. Type Alkaline battery is displayed. • When the message ‘Replace the battery’ appears upon turning the power on. Size / Model Quantity Size “AAA” / LR03 1 Precautions • Fluid from a leaking battery accidentally entering an eye could result in serious injury.
Reset procedure if trouble occurs Specifications Exposure to a strong physical shock or powerful electrical fields may render the keys inoperable, to the point that the power cannot be switched on. If such case is suspected, try following the procedure below. Model: PW-E500A Product name: Electronic Dictionary Display: 159 × 80 dot matrix LCD Reset procedures Number of entries: • Oxford Dictionary of English: Approx. 355,000 words, phrases, and definitions 1.
• Approx. 55 hours If data is searched for 5 minutes and displayed for 55 minutes with 2 minute backlight use per hour at 25°C (77°F) Note: May vary according to various usage conditions The key sound cannot be heard. • The key sound may be set to OFF. See page 12. The unit does not respond to a key press. • Press the RESET switch. See page 33. Weight (including battery): Approx. 156 g (0.35 lb) Dimensions (when closed): 125 mm (W) × 79.4 mm (D) × 16.
nose Introductions to the Dictionaries Oxford Dictionary of English Introduction The Oxford Dictionary of English has been compiled according to principles which are quite different from those of traditional dictionaries. New types of evidence are now available in sufficient quantity to allow lexicographers to construct a picture of the language that is more accurate than has been possible before.
(a) figurative extension of the core sense, e.g. HEADWORD: logjam CORE SENSE: a crowded mass of logs blocking a river. SUBSENSE: figurative a situation that seems irresolvable: EXAMPLE: the president can use his power to break the logjam over this issue. SUBSENSE: figurative a backlog: EXAMPLE: keeping a diary may ease the logjam of work.
Specialist Vocabulary Encyclopedic Material One of the most important uses of a dictionary is to provide explanations of terms in specialized fields which are unfamiliar to a general user. Yet in many traditional dictionaries the definitions have been written by specialists as if for other specialists, and as a result the definitions are often opaque and difficult for the general user to understand.
Grammar In recent years grammar has begun to enjoy greater prominence than in previous decades. It is once again being taught explicitly in state schools throughout Britain and elsewhere. In addition there is a recognition that different meanings of a word are closely associated with different lexical and syntactic patterns.
1 Types or varieties of: • food and drink: e.g. yogurt/yogurts, pasta/pastas, rum/rums. • plants: e.g. clover/clovers, barley/barleys. • fabric: e.g. gingham/ginghams, silk/silks. • certain languages or subjects: e.g. English/Englishes, music/musics. • metals and alloys: e.g. steel/steels, solder/solders. Other terms relating to nouns [as modifier]: used to mark a noun which can be placed before another noun in order to modify its meaning. For examples see boom and bedside. [treated as sing.
[postpositive]: used to mark an adjective which is used postpositively, i.e. it typically comes immediately after the noun which it modifies. Such uses are unusual in English and generally arise because the adjective has been adopted from a language where postpositive use is standard, e.g. galore in there were prizes galore for everything.
3. Specialist reading A general corpus does not, by definition, contain large quantities of specialized terminology. For this reason, a directed reading programme was set up specially for the Oxford Dictionary of English, enabling additional research and collection of citations in a number of neglected fields, for example food and cooking, health and fitness, boats and sailing, photography, genetics, martial arts, and complementary medicine. 4.
Usage Notes (&) Interest in questions of good usage is widespread among English speakers everywhere, and many issues are hotly debated. In the Oxford Dictionary of English, traditional issues have been reappraised, and guidance is given on various points, old and new. The aim is to help people to use the language more accurately, more clearly, and more elegantly, and to give information and offer reassurance in the face of some of the more baffling assertions about ‘correctness’ that are sometimes made.
technical: normally used only in technical and specialist language, though not necessarily restricted to any specific subject field. rare: not in normal use. humorous: used with the intention of sounding funny or playful. dialect: not used in the standard language, but still widely used in certain local regions of the English-speaking world.
Spelling It is often said that English spelling is both irregular and illogical, and it is certainly true that it is only indirectly related to contemporary pronunciation. English spelling reflects not modern pronunciation but the pronunciation of the 14th century, as used by Chaucer. This traditional spelling was reinforced in the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular through the influence of the works of Shakespeare and the Authorized Version of the Bible.
A similar alternation is found in compound adjectives such as well intentioned. When used predicatively (i.e. after the verb), such adjectives are unhyphenated, but when used attributively (i.e. before the noun), they are hyphenated: his remarks were well intentioned but a well-intentioned remark. A general rule governing verb compounds means that, where a noun compound is two words (e.g. beta test), any verb derived from it is normally hyphenated (to beta-test: the system was beta-tested).
Adjectives The following forms for comparative and superlative are regarded as regular and are not shown in the dictionary: • words of one syllable adding -er and -est, e.g. great → greater, greatest • words of one syllable ending in silent e, which drop the -e and add -er and -est, e.g.
(@) before /l/, /m/, or /n/ indicates that the syllable may be realized with a syllabic l, m, or n, rather than with a vowel and consonant, e.g. /"bVt(@)n/ rather than /"bVt@n/. G (Spanish) Burgos F (Italian) Cagliari (r) indicates an r that is sometimes sounded when a vowel follows, as in drawer, cha-chaing. Û (Hungarian) Magyarország R French ‘r’ Anvers, Arles r all other values of ‘r’ in other featured languages.
y (French) cru Y (German) München j (Irish) (Russian) Dáil Arkhangelsk > (French) Horta nasalized vowels (~ indicates nasality) a~ pincette Q~ cordon bleu } A~ (French) Danton, Lac Leman E~ (French) Amiens, Rodin ~ 9 (French) Verdun O~ (French) arrondissement y; (German) gemütlich Oxford Thesaurus of English Introduction diphthongs aI used for anglicized French pronunciations (German) Gleichschaltung The Oxford Thesaurus of English (OTE) has been compiled using new evide
The words selected as headwords are general words that nonspecialists are likely to want to look up. It is the job of a dictionary, not a thesaurus, to explain the meanings of unusual words, such as supererogatory, so such words do not get an alphabetical entry here. However, supererogatory is given as a synonym at entries for the more familiar words inessential, needless, and unnecessary. A thesaurus can thus lead the user from the familiar to the unfamiliar, improving his or her word power.
she was very attached to her brother because the synonyms are equivalent to attached to: fond of, devoted to, full of regard for, full of admiration for; affectionate towards, tender towards, caring towards; mad about, crazy about, nuts about.
dated: no longer used by the majority of English speakers, but still encountered occasionally, especially among the older generation, e.g. measure one’s length as a synonym for fall down. historical: still used today, but only to refer to some practice or article that is no longer part of the modern world, e.g. ruff, the type of collar. humorous: used with the intention of sounding funny or playful, e.g. terminological inexactitude as a synonym for lie.
actual synonyms but which have a different kind of relation to the headword. For example, at milk, the adjective relating to milk is given (lactic); at town, the related adjectives urban, municipal, and the rarer oppidan. Examples of other types of relation include collective nouns (e.g. school at dolphin, or cast at hawk) and words for the male, female, or young of an animal (e.g. leveret at hare, or tom, queen, and kitten at cat), phobias (e.g.
Oxford Dictionary of Quotations Introduction (abridged) In this new sixth edition of the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, the comprehensive nature of its coverage has been extended and sustained. Since the fifth edition appeared in 1999, the Dictionary, first published in 1941, has celebrated its diamond jubilee. Earlier editions provided the foundations of the current edition, and these foundations are constantly added to with new material from the reading programme with which we monitor the language.
insults, and, worst of all, the presumptuous judgements of the ignorant upon their designs.
comment on T. E. Lawrence, ‘Always backing into the limelight’, is traditionally attributed to Lord Berners, but we now know that a similar comment was made by George Bernard Shaw, and recorded in a contemporary source. The diaries of the German diplomat, Count Harry Kessler, tell of a meeting with Shaw in November 1929. Lawrence had apparently complained that every move of his was followed by the Press, eliciting the Shavian response, ‘You always hide just in the middle of the limelight.
Quotations from diaries, letters, and speeches are given in chronological order and usually follow the literary or published works quoted, with the form for which the author is best known taking precedence. Thus in the case of political figures, speeches appear first, just as poetry quotations precede those in prose for poets, and poetry quotations come second for an author regarded primarily as a novelist.
may depend on an earlier source not quoted in its own right; when that happens, the subordinate quotation is given directly below the quotation to which it relates. Authors who have their own entry are typographically distinguished by the use of bold (‘of William Shakespeare’, ‘by Mae West’) in context or source notes. Keyword Search The most significant words from each quotation can be traced via the Keyword Search function, allowing individual quotations to be accessed.
In Europe: This equipment complies with the requirements of Directive 89/336/ EEC as amended by 93/68/EEC. Dieses Gerät entspricht den Anforderungen der EG-Richtlinie 89/ 336/EWG mit Änderung 93/68/EWG. Ce matériel répond aux exigences contenues dans la directive 89/ 336/CEE modifiée par la directive 93/68/CEE. Dit apparaat voldoet aan de eisen van de richtlijn 89/336/EEG, gewijzigd door 93/68/EEG. Dette udstyr overholder kravene i direktiv nr. 89/336/EEC med tillæg nr. 93/68/EEC.
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