User's Manual

Noggin
G-3
wavelet or EM pulse Impulsive GPR's emit an oscillatory electromagnetic pulse which is short in time
and space and is often referred to as a wavelet.
penetration depth The depth of a GPR wavelet can penetrate to before it is attenuated to an unde-
tectable amplitude.
air waves GPR systems can create and detect energy which travels through air above the
ground. Undesired responses from above ground targets are often called 'air
waves'.
G-3 Advanced GPR Terms
GPS global positioning system (satellite based positioning).
DMI distance measuring indicator.
stacks number of repeated measurements averaged to get resulting measurements.
reflectivity measure of amplitude returned by a target.
reflection coefficient normally named fresnel reflection coefficient and quantifies GPR signal reflection
amplitude from a flat interface between two materials.
3 dB bandwidth Range of spectrum over which the GPR signal amplitude remains above a value
equal to the (peak amplitude).
6 dB bandwidth Range of spectrum over which the GPR signal amplitude remains above a value
equal to the (peak amplitude).