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ɩɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɫɤɚ Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ
ɨɛɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɩɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɞɢɫɤɚɜɵɡɨɜɟɬɡɚɟɞɚɧɢɟɩɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɫɤɚ
ɢɨɬɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɟ
Ŷ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɭɸɩɥɚɧɤɭɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ
ɩɢɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɞɢɫɤɭ ɋɦɟɳɟɧɧɚɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ
ɩɥɚɧɤɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɡɚɟɞɚɧɢɸ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɢ
ɨɬɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɸ
Ŷ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɝɪɟɛɟɧɱɚɬɵɣ ɩɪɢɠɢɦ ɞɥɹ
ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɣɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɫɬɨɥɚɢɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣɩɥɚɧɤɢɩɪɢɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ
ɧɟɫɤɜɨɡɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɨɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɪɟɡɚɧɢɟ
ɩɚɡɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɩɢɥ ɧɚ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ Ƚɪɟɛɟɧɱɚɬɵɣ ɩɪɢɠɢɦ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɟɬ
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɭɜɫɥɭɱɚɟɨɬɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɹ
Ŷ ɉɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɥɢɫɬɵ ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɪɢɫɤ ɡɚɤɥɢɧɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɞɢɫɤɚ ɢ ɨɬɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɹ Ʉɪɭɩɧɵɟ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɤɚɤ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɩɪɨɝɢɛɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɫɜɨɢɦ ɜɟɫɨɦ Ɉɞɧɚ
ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɩɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ
ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɩɨɞ ɬɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɥɢɫɬɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ
ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬɡɚɩɪɟɞɟɥɵɫɬɨɥɚ
Ŷ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɜɦ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɣɬɟ ɨɫɨɛɭɸ
ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɟ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɟɫɥɢ
ɨɧɚ ɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ
ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɪɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɹ ɞɥɹ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɭɝɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɩɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ
ɜɞɨɥɶ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɩɥɚɧɤɢ Ɉɬɤɥɨɧɹɸɳɚɹɫɹ
ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɜɪɚɳɚɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ
ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɚɢɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬɧɟɫɨɨɫɧɨɫɬɶɢɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ
ɲɢɪɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɚ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɩɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɢɫɤɨɦ
ɡɚɟɞɚɧɢɟɢɨɬɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɟ
Ŷ ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɞɧɨɣ
ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣɜɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɦɢɥɢ
ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢɉɢɥɶɧɨɣɞɢɫɤɦɨɠɟɬ
ɡɚɰɟɩɢɬɶ ɨɞɧɭ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɢ
ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶɨɬɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɟ
Ŷ ɉɪɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɦ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɚɧɤɚ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ
ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɜ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ
ɨɬɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɩɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɞɢɫɤ ɜ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɟ ɬɚɤ
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɡɭɛɶɹ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɧɟ ɤɚɫɚɥɢɫɶ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɡɚɤɥɢɧɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɞɢɫɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɩɨɞɛɪɨɫɢɬɶɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɭɢɜɵɡɜɚɬɶɨɬɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɟɩɪɢ
ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɦɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢɫɬɚɧɤɚ
Ŷ Ⱦɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɩɢɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɢɫɤɢ ɜ ɱɢɫɬɨɦ ɡɚɬɨɱɟɧɧɨɦ
ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɜ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɦ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ
ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɫ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ
ɩɢɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɞɢɫɤɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɢɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɞɢɫɤɚɦɢ ɫ
ɬɪɟɫɧɭɬɵɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɥɨɦɚɧɧɵɦɢɡɭɛɶɹɦɢ Ɉɫɬɪɵɟ
ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ
ɩɢɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɢɫɤɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɢɪɭɸɬ ɪɢɫɤ ɡɚɟɞɚɧɢɹ
ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɢɨɬɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂə ɈɌɇɈɋɂɌȿɅɖɇɈ
ɗɄɋɉɅɍȺɌȺɐɂɂɐɂɊɄɍɅəɊɇɈȽɈɋɌȺɇɄȺ
Ŷ ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɣɫɬɚɧɨɤɢɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ
ɤɚɛɟɥɶɨɬɫɟɬɢɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɤɨɝɞɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɧɹɬɶ
ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɭ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɚ ɫɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɩɢɥɶɧɵɣ ɞɢɫɤ
ɢɥɢ ɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɫɤɥɢɧɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɧɨɠ ɢɥɢ
ɤɨɠɭɯɩɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɞɢɫɤɚɚɬɚɤɠɟɤɨɝɞɚɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɛɭɞɟɬɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨɛɟɡɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚɋɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦɟɪ
ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ
Ŷ ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɧɨɤ
ɛɟɡ ɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚ ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɢ ɧɟ ɭɯɨɞɢɬɟ
ɩɨɤɚ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɣɫɬɚɧɨɤɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɣɛɟɡɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚ±
ɷɬɨɧɟɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɣɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
Ŷ Ɋɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɧɨɤ ɜ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ
ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɧɨɦ ɢ ɪɨɜɧɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɝɞɟ ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ
ɡɚɧɹɬɶ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɋɬɚɧɨɤ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ
ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɬɚɤ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ
ɦɟɫɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ
ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ Ɍɟɫɧɵɟ ɩɥɨɯɨ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɧɵɟ
ɦɟɫɬɚ ɧɟɪɨɜɧɵɟ ɢ ɫɤɨɥɶɡɤɢɟ ɩɨɥɵ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɤ
ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɦɫɥɭɱɚɹɦ
Ŷ Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɦɨɣɬɟ ɢ ɭɞɚɥɹɣɬɟ ɨɩɢɥɤɢ ɢɡɩɨɞ
ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɧɤɚ ɢɢɥɢ ɢɡ ɩɵɥɟɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɚ
ɇɚɤɚɩɥɢɜɚɟɦɵɟɨɩɢɥɤɢɦɨɝɭɬɫɚɦɨɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɬɶɫɹ
Ŷ ɐɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɧɨɤ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ
ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧ ɇɟɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɵɣ
ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɫɬɚɧɨɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɞɜɢɧɭɬɶɫɹ ɢɥɢ
ɩɟɪɟɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɫɹ
Ŷ ɍɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɞɟɪɟɜɹɧɧɵɟ ɨɩɢɥɤɢɢ ɬ
ɞɫɨɫɬɨɥɚɩɪɟɠɞɟɱɟɦɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ
ɫɬɚɧɨɤ Ɋɚɫɫɟɹɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɟ
ɡɚɫɬɪɟɜɚɧɢɟɦɨɝɭɬɛɵɬɶɨɩɚɫɧɵ
Ŷ ȼɫɟɝɞɚɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɩɨɞɛɢɪɚɣɬɟɪɚɡɦɟɪɩɢɥɶɧɵɯ
ɞɢɫɤɨɜ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɨɫɟɜɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɉɢɥɶɧɵɟ
ɞɢɫɤɢɪɚɡɦɟɪɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɧɟɜɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ
ɞɟɬɚɥɹɦ ɫɬɚɧɤɚ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɧɟɫɛɚɥɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɱɬɨ
ɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤɩɨɬɟɪɟɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ
Ŷ ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ
ɧɟɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɥɶɧɵɯ
ɞɢɫɤɨɜ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɮɥɚɧɰɵ ɲɚɣɛɵ ɛɨɥɬɵ
ɢɥɢ ɝɚɣɤɢ Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɵɥɢ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɣ
ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɜɚɲɟɝɨɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɝɨɫɬɚɧɤɚ
Ŷ ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚɧɟɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɫɶɧɚɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɣɫɬɚɧɨɤ
ɢ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɫɬɭɥɫɬɪɟɦɹɧɤɭ
Ɉɩɪɨɤɢɞɵɜɚɧɢɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɢɥɢɧɟɩɪɟɞɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɟ
ɤɚɫɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɠɭɳɢɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ
ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦɬɪɚɜɦɚɦ
Ŷ ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɜɬɨɦɱɬɨɩɢɥɶɧɵɣɞɢɫɤɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ
ɞɥɹ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɧɭɠɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ
ɇɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɣɬɟ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɪɭɝɢ
ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɳɟɬɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ
ɤɪɭɝɢ ɧɚ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɦ ɫɬɚɧɤɟ ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɚɹ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɩɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɧɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɨɝɨɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɦɬɪɚɜɦɚɦ
ȿɉɊɉɆɈɃɍɀɆɗɈɖɀɊɋȻȽɃɆȻȼɀɂɉɊȻɌɈɉɌɍɃ
ɅȻɌȻəɔɃɀɌɚɑɃɋɅɎɆɚɋɈɉȾɉɌɍȻɈɅȻ
Ŷ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɢɥɢɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɜɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɦ
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɱɬɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɫɬɚɤɟ ɨɩɨɪɟɫɬɨɣɤɟ ɢɥɢ
ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɨɤɩɨɥɭ
Ŷ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɟ