User manual

27
Measurements
tes without voltage reference are displayed here. If “?” is dis-
played, the display does not show a complete measurement
result. For instance, the period to be measured may not
displaycompletelyandcanconsequentlynotbeidentied.
If the function AUTOM. SOURCE is activated (ON), the
currently targeted channel will be used as source for the
measurement automatically. If the setting is deactivated
(OFF), the channel set under SOURCE will be applied even
if it is not targeted. Pressing the soft menu key SET TO
TRACE places the selected cursors in their optimal posi-
tion on the signal curve. This allows very fast and typically
optimal automatic positioning of the cursors. For the most
part,onlynetuningisrequiredatthispointandthete-
diousmajoradjustmentstothecursorswillnolongerbe
necessary. In case the automated function SET TO TRACE
does not provide the anticipated results due to complex si-
gnals, you can press the key SET TO TRACE to position the
cursorsinapredenedstartingposition.Thisallowsyou
to return distant cursors to the screen. The soft menu key
GLUE TO TRACE allows cursors to stay on the selected
data point without changing the position in the measure-
mentsignalevenifthescalingismodied(cursorswillbe
„glued“ to the signal). This function can be activated or
deactivated. If this mode is deactivated, the cursor stays
in position on the screen if scaling occurs. With GLUE TO
TRACE deactivated, the measured value changes while it
remainsunmodiedwhenthemodeisactivated.
The cursors will be deactivated by pressing the CURSOR
MEASURE key. The cursor menu will be closed.
8.2 Automatic Measurements
The R&S®HMO1002 features cursor measurements and
also various automatic measurements. These may be
activated by pressing the key AUTO MEASURE
11
in the
section ANALYZE. This menu allows you to select up to six
automatic measurement functions by using the soft menu
key MEAS. PLACE and the universal knob in the CURSOR/
MENU section. Following automatic measurement types
can be selected:
MEAN VALUE: This mode measures the
mean value of the signal amplitude (Mean). If
thesignalisperiodic,therstperiod on the
left of the screen will be used for the measurement. The
measurement will only be applied to the selected channel.
RMS VALUE:Thismodeidentiestheeffec-
tive value from the displayed view of the signal.
Ifthesignalisperiodic,therstperiod on the
left of the screen will be used for the measurement. The
effective value is not applied to a sine signal will be calcu-
lated directly (so-called TrueRMS). The measurement will
only be applied to the selected channel.
PEAK-PEAK: This mode measures the diffe-
rence in voltage between the maximum and
the minimum peak value of the signal within
the displayed view (V
pp
).
PEAK + : This mode measures the maximum
voltage value in the displayed view of the
screen. The measurement will only be applied
to the selected channel (V
p+
).
PEAK – : This mode measures the minimum
voltage value in the displayed view of the
screen. The measurement will only be applied
to the selected channel (V
p-
).
FREQUENCY:Thismodeidentiesthefre-
quency of the signal from the reci-procal value
oftherstsignalperiod T (f). The measurement
will only be applied to the selected channel.
PERIOD: This mode measures the duration of
the signal period T. The periodidentiesthe
duration between two equal values of one peri-
odically repeated signal.
AMPLITUDE: This mode measures the am-
plitude of a square wave signal (VAmp). This
mode calculates the difference in voltage bet-
ween the upper and the lower level (V
base
and V
top
). The
measurement will only be applied to the selected channel
and requires a minimum of one complete period of a trig-
gered signal.
CREST FACTOR: The crest factor (peak-to-average ratio)
is calculated from the maximum value divided by the RMS
value of the waveform (Crest).
TOP LEVEL: This mode measures the mean
voltage level of an upper square wave (V
Top
).
This mode calculates the mean value of the
slope (without overshoot). The measurement will only be
applied to the selected channel and requires a minimum of
one complete period of a triggered signal.
BASE LEVEL: This mode measures the mean
voltage level of the lower square wave (V
Base
).
This mode calculates the mean value of the
slope (without overshoot). The measurement will only be
applied to the selected channel and requires a minimum of
one complete period of a triggered signal.
POS. OVERSHOOT: This mode measures the
positive overshoot of a square wave which is
calculated from top level, peak + and amplitude
value (+Ovr).
NEG. OVERSHOOT: This mode measures the
negative overshoot of a square wave which is
calculated from base level, peak - and ampli-
tude value (-Ovr).
PULSE WIDTH +: This mode measures the
width of the positive pulse. A positive pulse
consists of a rising slope followed by a falling