System information

crash.
If these filesystems encounter metadata inconsistencies while mounted, they will record this fact in the
filesystem superblock. If e2fsck finds that a filesystem is marked with such an error e2fsck will
perform a full check after replaying the journal (if present).
e2fsck may ask for user input during the run if the -p option is not specified. The -p option tells
e2fsck to automatically do all repairs that may be done safely. If user intervention is required,
e2fsck will indicate the unfixed problem in its output and reflect this status in the exit code.
Commonly used e2fsck run-time options include:
-n
No-modify mode. Check-only operation.
-b su p erb lo ck
Specify block number of an alternate superblock if the primary one is damaged.
-f
Force full check even if the superblock has no recorded errors.
-j jo u rn al- d ev
Specify the external journal device, if any.
-p
Automatically repair or "preen" the filesystem with no user input.
-y
Assume an answer of "yes" to all questions.
All options for e2fsck are specified in the e2fsck(8) manual page.
The following five basic phases are performed by e2fsck while running:
1. Inode, block, and size checks.
2. Directory structure checks.
3. Directory connectivity checks.
4. Reference count checks.
5. Group summary info checks.
The e2i mag e(8) utility can be used to create a metadata image prior to repair for diagnostic or
testing purposes. The -r option should be used for testing purposes in order to create a sparse file
of the same size as the filesystem itself. e2fsck can then operate directly on the resulting file. The -Q
option should be specified if the image is to be archived or provided for diagnostic. This creates a
more compact file format suitable for transfer.
12.2.2. XFS
No repair is performed automatically at boot time. To initiate a filesystem check or repair, the
xfs_repai r tool is used.
⁠Chapt er 1 2 . File Syst em Check
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