System information
drive), and a pop-up window displaying the contents appears.
T able 2.1. Examp les of co mmo n f iles in t h e /d ev d irect o ry
File Descrip t io n
/dev/hda The master device on the primary IDE channel.
/dev/hdb The slave device on the primary IDE channel.
/dev/tty0 The first virtual console.
/dev/tty1 The second virtual console.
/dev/sda The first device on the primary SCSI or SATA
channel.
/dev/lp0 The first parallel port.
/dev/ttyS0 Serial port.
2.1 .1 .4 . T he /etc/ Direct o ry
The /etc/ directory is reserved for configuration files that are local to the machine. It should contain
no binaries; any binaries should be moved to /bi n/ or /sbi n/.
For example, the /etc/skel / directory stores "skeleton" user files, which are used to populate a
home directory when a user is first created. Applications also store their configuration files in this
directory and may reference them when executed. The /etc/expo rts file controls which file systems
export to remote hosts.
2.1 .1 .5 . T he /l i b/ Dire ct o ry
The /l i b/ directory should only contain libraries needed to execute the binaries in /bi n/ and
/sbi n/. These shared library images are used to boot the system or execute commands within the
root file system.
2.1 .1 .6 . T he /med ia/ Direct o ry
The /med ia/ directory contains subdirectories used as mount points for removable media, such as
USB storage media, DVDs, and CD-ROMs.
2.1 .1 .7 . T he /mnt/ Dire ct o ry
The /mnt/ directory is reserved for temporarily mounted file systems, such as NFS file system
mounts. For all removable storage media, use the /med i a/ directory. Automatically detected
removable media will be mounted in the /med ia directory.
Important
The /mnt directory must not be used by installation programs.
2.1 .1 .8 . T he /o pt/ Direct o ry
The /o pt/ directory is normally reserved for software and add-on packages that are not part of the
default installation. A package that installs to /o pt/ creates a directory bearing its name, for
example /o pt/packagename/. In most cases, such packages follow a predictable subdirectory
structure; most store their binaries in /o pt/packagename/bi n/ and their man pages in
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