User Manual RaySafe Xi
© 2013.02 Unfors RaySafe 5000071-L All rights are reserved. Reproduction or transmission in whole or in part, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical or otherwise, is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Contents Contents Introduction..................................................................................................... 5 Versions............................................................................................................ 5 The RaySafe Xi..................................................................................................... 6 The RaySafe Xi Detectors................................................................................
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Contents HVL (Half Value Layer)................................................................................... 38 Total Filtration................................................................................................ 38 mA and mAs................................................................................................... 38 RaySafe Xi View.................................................................................................
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Introduction Introduction Versions This user manual covers the following articles: Base unit version: 8201011 Detector version: 8202011 8201021 8202021 8201013 8202022 8201023 8202031 8202040 8202041 8202050 8202060 8202062 8202070 This manual discribes the RaySafe Xi which is compatible with the Unfors Xi Platinum Plus version. About this user manual This user manual is intended to assist users in the safe and effective operation of the product described.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – The RaySafe Xi The RaySafe Xi The RaySafe Xi consists of a base unit and several different external detectors measuring: Radiography/ Fluoroscopy (R/F), mammography (MAM), on AEC or ABC systems (Transparent), Computed Tomography (CT), ambient and emitted light (Light) and scattered or low level radiation (Survey). Communication between detector and base unit is purely digital, thereby minimizing sensitivity to mechanical or electrical stress.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – The RaySafe Xi The RaySafe Xi Base Unit There are two versions of the RaySafe Xi base unit: one with and one without mA/mAs capabilities. Both versions are fully compatible and interchangeable with the RaySafe Xi detectors as long as the firmware supports the detector (see Specifications). In this manual all information refers to both versions unless otherwise specified.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Getting Started Getting Started 1. Connect a RaySafe Xi detector of your choice to the RaySafe Xi base unit with one of the two (2 and 10 m) RaySafe Xi cables. 2. Position as required for the selected sensor. 3. Turn on the RaySafe Xi (ON/OFF key, see below), and the instrument specific setup information is displayed. In the SENSOR MENU a detector or sensor field for your application can be selected. 4. The RaySafe Xi is now in MEASURE MODE and ready to measure.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Getting Started Transfer data to a computer To view the waveform in the RaySafe Xi view and/or transfer measured data to a PC, connect a serial cable or Bluetooth module (option) to the communication port on the RaySafe Xi base unit. Battery and Charger Caution! Only authorized personnel may remove and replace the battery. Fully charge the battery with the provided battery charger before first use.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Getting Started There are two battery warning levels: • First warning level, “Battery low”: Finish your measurements and then charge the battery. • Second warning level, “Battery down”: No further measurements are possible. When the provided battery charger is connected, the external power indicator is lit and Charging battery will be briefly displayed. The RaySafe Xi battery will be charged even if the RaySafe Xi is turned off.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – R/F Measurement R/F Measurement For best accuracy, center the selected sensor field (R/F low or R/F high) and position the long axis of the sensor field perpendicular to the anode-cathode axis of the tube. 1. SENSOR MENU R/F low Sensor for conventional low dose rate measurements lower than 1 mGy/s (7 R/min), normally after a phantom. R/F high Sensor for conventional high dose rate measurements higher than 1 mGy/s (7 R/min), normally before a phantom.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – R/F Measurement Pulses pulses Frame rate frames/s Dose per frame Gy or R mAs mAs (requires RaySafe Xi base unit with mAs) mA mA (requires RaySafe Xi base unit with mAs) 3. SETUP MENU Press SELECT to enter the SETUP MENU (from MEASURE MODE) and STEP to step between setup parameters. All values are stored in a non-volatile memory and are valid until manually changed. At start up (after the battery status information), valid Trig delay, kVp delay and Calc.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – R/F Measurement Dose unit Change the default units and/or use this feature to recalculate a value to a different unit. (Gy or R per s, m or h, where 1 Gy = 114.1 R.) Backlight Display lighting option. (off, 2, 5, 10 s, on) Auto Power Off Never, or after 5, 20 or 60 minutes of inactivity. Info Displays the serial number (S/N) and firmware version of the connected detector and the RaySafe Xi base unit and the calibration date for the selected sensor.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Mammography Measurement Mammography Measurement Place the detector along the X-ray tube axis (with the cable end pointing towards the X-ray machine). For kV measurements, make sure that the center of the MAM sensor square is placed 6 cm from the examination table front edge. Dose and HVL can be measured from other positions as well.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Mammography Measurement W/Al Scanning (separate detector) When measuring kV on W/Al Scanning, use the included 2 mm Al filter. Follow the instructions printed on the filter. Please use the dedicated detector holder. Be sure to push it tight to the examination table front. For more information, see the separate mammography W/Al Scanning Quick Guide (enclosed with the holder). SCANNING Note! Some of the scanning W/Al mammography machines have inhomogenous radiation fields.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Mammography Measurement 2. MEASURE MODE The displayed values are updated after each exposure. kV kV (Mo/Mo, optional: Mo/Rh, W/Rh, W/Al and W/Al scanning) Dose Gy (Air kerma, free in air) or R (Exposure) Dose rate Gy or R per s, m or h Time ms, s HVL mm Al mAs mAs (requires RaySafe Xi base unit with mAs) mA mA (requires RaySafe Xi base unit with mAs) 3. SETUP MENU Press SELECT to enter the SETUP MENU (from MEASURE MODE) and STEP to step between setup parameters.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Mammography Measurement Dose unit Change the default units and/or use this feature to recalculate a value to a different unit. (Gy or R per s, m or h, where 1 Gy = 114.1 R) Backlight Display lighting option. (off, 2, 5, 10 s, on) Auto Power Off Never, or after 5, 20 or 60 minutes of inactivity. Info Displays the serial number (S/N) and firmware version of the connected detector and the RaySafe Xi base unit and the calibration date for the selected sensor.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Transparent Measurement Transparent Measurement Position the detector with the sensor towards the X-ray source. 1. SENSOR MENU Transparent Sensor for measurements on systems with automatic exposure control. Press STEP to step between sensors and SELECT to select a sensor. 2. MEASURE MODE The displayed values are updated after each exposure, or continuously after 4 seconds of fluoroscopy.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Transparent Measurement 3. SETUP MENU Press SELECT to enter the SETUP MENU (from MEASURE MODE) and STEP to step between setup parameters. All values are stored in a non-volatile memory and are valid until manually changed. At start up (after the battery status information), valid Calc. delay is displayed. (Factory settings in bold.) Calc. delay Defined as the dead time after end trig, before data is calculated. Default is 0.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – CT Measurement CT Measurement The RaySafe Xi CT detector is an ion chamber with a 10 cm active length and a built-in bias voltage. The center and the edges (+ 5 cm and - 5 cm) of the active volume are marked on the phantom adapter. An automatic correction of temperature and pressure will be applied for all dose measurements. The temperature sensor is positioned inside the active ionization chamber and the measurement is corrected for the true temperature inside the phantom.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – CT Measurement For positioning of the RaySafe Xi CT detector free in air, Unfors RaySafe recommends the use of the RaySafe Flexi stand. How to measure CT kVp Position the RaySafe Xi R/F detector along the CT beam slice. Turn on the meter and select R/F high. Expose without rotation i.e. in scout/tomogram/topogram mode, using no or slowest table movement. 1. SENSOR MENU CT Dose Ion chamber sensor Press STEP to step between sensors and SELECT to select a sensor.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – CT Measurement 2. MEASURE MODE After an offset adjustment, the RaySafe Xi is in MEASURE MODE. The displayed value is updated after each exposure. Dose Gy (Air kerma, free in air) or R (Exposure) Dose Length Product Gycm or Rcm Note! The RaySafe Xi CT detector can be used in two dose modes (dose or dose length product (DLP)), selectable in the SETUP MENU. Since the RaySafe Xi CT chamber is 10.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Light Measurement Light Measurement The RaySafe Xi light detector is designed to measure luminance on LCD and CRT monitors, as well as light boxes, and illuminance for diagnostic X-ray applications. The choice between luminance and illuminance is automatic depending on whether the luminance tube is mounted or not. 1. SENSOR MENU Illuminance For illuminance measurements. LuminanceLCD For luminance measurements on LCD.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Light Measurement 2. MEASURE MODE Luminance cd/m2 or fL Illuminance lux or fc Press STEP when in MEASURE MODE to freeze and move the measured value to the second line of the display. A new press on STEP will move a new measured value to the second line of the display. Store the measured value (and send it via the RS-232 interface) in the RaySafe Xi memory by pressing SELECT. A memory counter (Mem #) will be displayed at the very bottom of the display. BARCO STEP • STEP • 3.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Light Measurement All values are stored in a non-volatile memory and are valid until manually changed. (Factory settings in bold.) To ensure the highest level of accuracy, RaySafe recommends performing a manual offset adjustment when making luminance measurements below 2 cd/m2 or when making illuminance measurement below 1 lux. Offset adjustment Cover the sensor before performing the offset adjustment.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Survey Measurement Survey Measurement The RaySafe Xi survey detector is designed for measuring leakage or scattered radiation from X-ray equipment and γ-emitting isotopes. Available dose quantities (selectable from SETUP MENU) are: • Air kerma (Kair), in Gy • Exposure (X), in R • Ambient dose equivalent (H*(10)), in Sv 1. SENSOR MENU R/F For leakage or scatter from R/F equipment. Mammography For leakage or scatter from mammography equipment. Nuclear Med.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Survey Measurement Dose rate Gy, R or Sv per s, m or h Dose rate, peak (^) Gy, R or Sv per s, m or h Accumulated dose Gy, R or Sv While in measure mode, a short press on the detector key stops measurement.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Survey Measurement Sound Off, On Backlight Display lighting option. (off, 2, 5, 10 s, on) Auto Power Off Never, or after 5, 20 or 60 minutes of inactivity. Info Displays the serial number (S/N) and firmware version of the connected detector and the RaySafe Xi base unit and the calibration date for the selected sensor. There is also a possibility to reset the instrument settings to factory defaults.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – mA/mAs Measurement mA/mAs Measurement Follow the steps below to start mA/mAs measurement: 1. Turn off the X-ray generator. 2. Remove the jumper of the mA/mAs port in the generator. 3. Connect the mAs cable to the RaySafe Xi base unit. 4. Connect the black and red banana plugs of the RaySafe Xi mAs cable to the mA/mAs port of the generator. (Note! The RaySafe Xi mA/mAs instrument is dependent on the polarity. Using the wrong polarity will result in no trig.) 5.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – mA/mAs Measurement mAs mAs mA mA Time ms, s Pulses pulses Frame rate frames/s mAs per frame mAs/f 3. SETUP MENU Press SELECT to enter the SETUP MENU (from MEASURE MODE) and STEP to step between setup parameters. When in the SETUP menu, the active selection will blink. All values are stored in a non-volatile memory and are valid until manually changed. At start up (after the battery status information), valid Trig delay and Calc. delay are displayed in sequence.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – mA/mAs Measurement Note! Use a laptop operating on battery or a Bluetooth connection when capturing waveforms or transferring data to a computer running RaySafe Xi view. Connection of a PC (mains supplied) via a serial cable to the RaySafe Xi base unit may create ground currents affecting the measurement. For Unfors Xi Platinum: Also avoid connecting the Unfors Xi battery charger when measuring mA/mAs, as it may create ground currents affecting the measurement.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – mA/mAs Measurement Passive mAs It is possible to measure mAs simultaneously with other measurements with an RaySafe Xi R/F or mammography detector connected. The instrument will trig on radiation, not on the current in the RaySafe Xi mAs cable. Any initial rush current will thus be excluded. The measured mAs value automatically appears in MEASURE MODE on the display.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Measurement definitions Measurement definitions Figure 1 illustrates the RaySafe Xi parameter definitions available on a typical waveform. In most situations the default settings are suitable for accurate measurements. In certain situations advanced users can change the measuring definitions of the RaySafe Xi by activating Trig delay and/or Trig level settings.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Measurement definitions Dose The dose is accumulated from the start trig point plus Trig delay until the end trig. Figure 2. Trig delay activated Note! The trig level setting (25, 50 or 75 %) affects the dose measurement. Note! The backscatter protection of the RaySafe Xi R/F detector may cause differences in readings compared to ion chambers. If both are placed directly against an object, i.e.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Measurement definitions Dose Rate The RaySafe Xi calculates dose rate as dose/exposure time if the exposure time is less than 6 seconds. After an exposure longer than 6 seconds, a dose rate value recorded approximately 2 seconds before end trig will be displayed. Figure 3. Pulsed fluoroscopy kV/kVp The RaySafe Xi calculates kVp on the R/F high sensor if the signal level is high enough, otherwise kV average will be displayed.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Measurement definitions Figure 4. kV and kVp Table: Active compensation on kV measurements Sensor Filtration kV/kVp R/F low Max. 1 mm Cu or equivalent kV R/F high Max. 1 mm Cu or equivalent kVp (when signal level is high enough) Mo/Mo 25 – 35 µm Mo kV (choose “paddle” or “no paddle”) Mo/Rh 25 – 30 µm Rh kV (use 2mm Al filter) W/Rh 55 – 60 µm Rh kV (choose “paddle” or “no paddle”) W/Al 0.65 – 0.75 mm Al kV (choose ”paddle” or ”no paddle”) W/Al S (scanning) 0.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Measurement definitions If the radiation has a pulsed characteristic, the time is measured until the last pulse ends. The dead time interval between pulses must, however, be less than the Calc. Delay time (0.5, 2, 4, 6 or 7 s). The R/F low sensor has an electrical bandwidth of 0.1 kHz (slower rising and falling slopes), causing the displayed exposure time to be a few milliseconds longer than for the R/F high sensor, which has a bandwidth of 2.5 kHz. Figure 5.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Measurement definitions For exposures longer than 4 seconds, the frame rate is continuously calculated as (number of pulses since last update)/(time since last update). It may take another few seconds to get stable readings. Frame rate is available for the R/F and mA/mAs detectors. Dose per Frame The RaySafe Xi calculates Dose per Frame as (accumulated dose)/(number of pulses). If pulses can not be counted, the Dose per Frame can not be calculated.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – RaySafe Xi View RaySafe Xi View RaySafe Xi view is suitable for • viewing waveforms • storing measurements • transferring data to Excel or other software Note! The latest version of RaySafe Xi view is available on http://www.RaySafe.com Figure 6. RaySafe Xi view main window. Installing RaySafe Xi View The RaySafe Xi is delivered with a Resource CD which contains the RaySafe Xi view software. Insert the CD in a PC and a menu will appear for installation.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – RaySafe Xi View There are two ways for the RaySafe Xi to communicate with a PC: Via the RS-232 cable to the PC. If the PC has only USB ports, the supplied standard adapter converting RS-232 to USB must be used. Via a Bluetooth module connected directly to the RaySafe Xi serial port. A PC with built-in or external USB Bluetooth normally works after the required setup procedure. Setup of Bluetooth communication 1.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Accessories Accessories The RaySafe Xi Flexi stand The RaySafe Xi Flexi stand can be used in many different ways. Assemble it to fit your needs. The RaySafe Xi Cassette holder The RaySafe Xi Cassette holder can be used for measuring dose to film or when checking the exposure control, e.g. AEC systems. The holder is 24 x 30 cm (10 x 12 in) and makes it possible to measure on all three AEC chambers at once, without repositioning the detector.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Tips and Tricks Tips and Tricks Arrangement of Measurement Make sure nothing is in the X-ray field when measuring with the RaySafe Xi. The fact that the dose is proportional to 1/d2 (where d is the FDD – Focus to detector Distance) may be used when positioning the sensor. d Sensor Position The solid state sensors in the RaySafe Xi R/F and mammography detector are positioned approximately 7 mm beneath the detector surface.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Tips and Tricks Reset Switch If the software hangs up, by any reason, activate the system reset by pressing a thin object through the small hole beside the RS-232 connector on the side of the RaySafe Xi base unit. If the detector hangs up when the battery is down and does not respond even when a charger is connected, reset as described above and charge for some minutes before turning the instrument on again.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Tips and Tricks Display Meaning LoSignal The dose rate is too low to calculate a value (increase mA or decrease FDD). HiSignal The dose rate is too high to calculate a value (increase FDD or decrease mA). LoRange Calculated parameter is less than specified range. HiRange Calculated parameter has exceeded specified range. t
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Tips and Tricks When using the RaySafe Xi CT it is possible to change between Dose and DLP by selecting Dose Unit as Gy or Gycm in the settings menu. How do I switch between kV and kVp? The RaySafe Xi switches to kVp automatically, as soon as the signal level is high enough (but only when using R/F high). For high frequency generators, the difference between kV and kVp will be negligible.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Tips and Tricks Why is the total filtration sometimes different from the flitration stated by the X-ray manufacturer? This may be caused by the 10 % uncertaincy in the measurement of the total filtration or by additional filtration not included in the filtration specification given by the X-ray manufacturer. Troubleshooting When turned on, the RaySafe Xi briefly shows “Battery down” and refuses to start. Please charge the battery, see chapter Getting Started.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Tips and Tricks Make sure to select an appropriate Calc. delay if using the instrument with pulsed generators, or with generators having a pre-pulse before the main exposure. The RaySafe Xi does not respond when pressing keys. Try the reset switch and make sure that the battery is charged. I get strange mA/mAs readings when I’m using the RaySafe Xi’s AC adaptor or when my computer is connected to mains power.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Warranty, Service and Support Warranty, Service and Support Unfors RaySafe warrants to the original product purchaser that each product it manufactures will be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. The warranty period is 12 months and begins on the date of delivery. Unfors RaySafe will at its option, repair or replace the defect product free of charge or refund your purchase price.
RaySafe Xi User Manual – Disposal Disposal The Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) This symbol, found on the product or on its box, indicates that this product must not be disposed of or discarded with normal household waste. All electronic or electrical waste equipment must be sent to a recycling center designated for such hazardous waste. Proper disposal of your electronic and electrical waste equipment will help us to conserve our natural resources.
