9 ® BreadCrumb JR USER GUIDE PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Date: May 6, 2010 Corporate Headquarters Rajant Corporation 400 East King Street Malvern, PA 19355 Tel: (484) 595-0233 Fax: (484) 595-0244 http://www.rajant.
FCC and IC Statements This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the device is operated in a commercial environment. This device generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with this instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Table of Contents FCC and IC Statements.................................................................................................... Copyright Statement......................................................................................................... Preface....................................................................................................................................
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 3.4.1 Deployment Guidelines......................................................................................15 3.4.2 Deployment Methodology...................................................................................16 4 BreadCrumb JR OTA Firmware Upgrade......................................................................19 5 Troubleshooting..............................................................
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 Preface Purpose and Scope This manual provides information and guidance to all personnel who are involved with and use Rajant Corporation’s BreadCrumb JR product. This manual begins with an introduction to the BreadCrumb Wireless Network (BCWN). It then characterizes the features of the BreadCrumb JR. Finally, it describes common deployment scenarios and provides concise step-by-step instructions for each scenario.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 1 Introduction Rajant Corporation's (http://www.rajant.com) BreadCrumb JR utilizes the 802.11g wireless networking standard to form a wireless mesh network. The network is mobile, self-integrating, selfmeshing, self-healing, full-duplex and secure. The focus is on flexibility, adaptability, and simplicity.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 In many cases, BreadCrumbs will perform all of these tasks as shipped with no configuration necessary at all, providing an instant TAN (Tactical Area Network). Moreover, because BreadCrumbs use industry-standard 802.11 communications, client devices such as laptops or handheld computers require no special hardware, software, or configuration to access a BCWN.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 BREADCRUMB A BREADCRUMB C RADIO 1 RADIO 2 CH AN NE L 11 CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 8 RADIO 1 RADIO 2 RADIO 1 RADIO 2 BREADCRUMB B Figure 1: All BreadCrumbs Use the Same ESSID. Example 2: Now suppose that you change the ESSID of BreadCrumb C to "lonely".
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 The radio supports the following channels and frequencies in the United States and Canada (see Table 1): Note Not all channels are allowed for use everywhere around the world. Check with the corresponding wireless spectrum regulatory body to determine the subset of channels authorized for use in your country. Table 1: 2.4 GHz Radio Channels and Frequencies.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 Figure 3: BreadCrumb JR Enclosure Features 1.2.3 Antenna Connector BreadCrumb JR provides one Type N antenna connector located on the top of the enclosure (see Figure 3). Warning 1.2.4 To avoid possible damage to the BreadCrumb radio, always connect or disconnect the external antenna with the power to the BreadCrumb JR off.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 Figure 4: 10-Pin Amphenol Connector The 10-pin Amphenol connector interfaces with the optional JR cable assemblies which provide access to input power, Ethernet, GPS data, and 3.3 V output power (see section 1.3). 1.2.4.1 Input Power The input power interface to BreadCrumb JR resides on the F (VIN) and K (GND) pins of the 10-pin Amphenol connector (see Figure 4). The device accepts input power in the range of 10.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 1.2.4.3 GPS Data Interface The BreadCrumb JR contains a serial GPS data interface which can be accessed through the A (GPS TXD) and B (GPS RXD) pins of the 10-pin Amphenol connector (see Figure 4). 1.2.4.4 3.3 V Output Power Pin G (3.3V) on the 10-pin Amphenol connector provides 3.3 V output power at 0.5 A (see Figure 4). 1.2.4.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Warning 1.2.6 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 Unlike other BreadCrumb models, the Status LEDs on the BreadCrumb JR are always ON. There is not an “Alerts Only” or “OFF” Mode available. The LEDs must be physically masked (such as adding tape to the LED panel) to guarantee that no light is emitted at any time.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 Note 1.3.1 The two currently existing optional cable assemblies do not provide access to the GPIO interface of the BreadCrumb JR. 4-Pin GPS Connector The GPS connector, a Switchcraft EN3L4MX connector (see Figure 7) is designed to interface with an optional GPS device available from Rajant.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 2 Using BC|Commander BC|Commander is Rajant’s software package used for monitoring the status of BreadCrumbs with version 10 firmware on a BreadCrumb Wireless Network (BCWN). BC|Commander is also used for configuring version 10 BreadCrumbs and to graphically portray the network topology. Note BC|Commander includes an option called v10 Transitional Mode.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 3 Deploying the BreadCrumb Wireless Network There are many factors which need to be taken into account when deploying the BreadCrumb Wireless Network (BCWN). Section 3.1 describes the addressing scheme of the BCWN. Section 3.2 discusses channel assignments. Section 3.3 details some of the most commonly occurring environmental factors that will have a major impact on the performance of the BCWN.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 3.3 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 Physical Placement and other Considerations Commonly occurring environmental factors have a significant impact on performance and behavior of the BreadCrumb Wireless Network. LOS (Line of Sight) obstructions, distance, weather, and device placement should all be considered when deploying a wireless network. IEEE 802.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 3.3.3 Weather Precipitation and fog also act as obstructions blocking the propagation of the wireless network’s radio waves. Light fog or precipitation may result in noticeable degradation of wireless network performance. Heavy precipitation or fog may result in severe performance degradation and possible loss of network connectivity.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 (a) Elevate the BCWN components whenever possible. i. Directly on the ground, the maximum distance between any two BCWN components is approximately 300 ft. Also, the maximum distance between a wireless client and the nearest BCWN component is approximately 300 ft. ii. Rajant recommends elevating each BCWN component a minimum of 6 ft. above the surrounding terrain for maximum range.
Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 4. Power ON the device. 5. Wait approximately 90 seconds for the device to boot. 6. Power ON the BC|Commander PC. 7. Start BC|Commander. 8. The BC|Commander console should display the first BreadCrumb. 9. Determine the approximate location for the next BreadCrumb. 10.Proceed to the location for this BreadCrumb, observing the network in BC|Commander as you progress.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 4 BreadCrumb JR OTA Firmware Upgrade Each BreadCrumb relies on low-level software known as firmware for proper execution. Rajant periodically releases updated BreadCrumb firmware. The updated firmware must be obtained from Rajant.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 5 5.1 Troubleshooting Sporadic Network Connectivity Table 3: Sporadic Network Connectivity Issues. Problem Resolution As a BreadCrumb device’s battery approaches exhaustion, network connectivity will become sporadic for the BreadCrumb device and its associated wireless clients. Monitory battery usage and charge/replace batteries as necessary.
BreadCrumb® JR User Guide - PRELIMINARY Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 Problem Resolution using the software accompanying your wireless card. 5.2 • Ensure that the wireless client’s IP address settings are configured properly. • Ensure that the security settings on the client device and BreadCrumb devices match. • Ensure that the client device is not prevented from connecting by an ACL.
Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 BreadCrumb® ME3 User Guide Version: 1.00-pre1 Appendix A: Error and Warning Codes All possible BreadCrumb error and warning codes are listed below: JR/LX/LX3/ME3 Firmware Upgrade Codes (1*). 11 – Flash image file does not exist. 12 – Current flash image version is greater than versions of files found on USB drive. 13 – No flash image files found. 14 – Unable to mount USB drive. 15 – Unlocking of /dev/mtd0 failed. 16 – fconfig for SetFailsafeBoot failed.
BreadCrumb® ME3 User Guide Version: 1.00-pre1 Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 128 – Failed to checksum file system image. 129 – Failed to create directory for next file system image. 131 – Failed to mount next file system image. 132 – Failed to create directory for settings. 133 – Failed to copy current settings to next file system image. 134 – Failed to unmount next file system image. 141 – Error retrieving flash file. ME2 Firmware Upgrade Codes (2*) 21 – Flash image file does not exist.
Rajant Corporation 20-100035-001 BreadCrumb® ME3 User Guide Version: 1.00-pre1 FIPS Codes (4*) 41 – FIPS self-tests failed. 411 – OpenSSL FIPS vector test programs not found. 412 – OpenSSL FIPS vector test hash mismatch. 413 – 802.11i AES-CCMP test vectors failed. 414 – Unable to use FIPS CCMP encryption. 415 – Kernel integrity check failed. 416 – Filesystem integrity check failed. 42 – Mixed SecNet/Non-SecNet configuration. 43 – Rekeying error. 44 – Rekeying error. 45 – Rekeying error.
BreadCrumb® ME3 User Guide Version: 1.00-pre1 Battery Gas Gauge Codes (6*) 61 – Battery gas gauge i2c device could not be found. 62 – Incorrect gas gauge revision 1 EEPROM settings. 63 – Incorrect gas gauge revision 2 EEPROM settings. 64 – Incorrect gas gauge revision 3 EEPROM settings. 65 – Unknown gas gauge revision. 66 – Incorrect ME3 gas gauge revision 0 EEPROM settings. Other Codes (7*) 71 – Host flapping detected. 72 – Critical I2C failure.
